A grouting bolt plug with exhaust pressure stabilizing function and construction method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and particularly relates to a grouting anchor plug with an exhaust and pressure stabilizing function, which comprises a hollow frustum and an outer rubber ring; an arc-shaped groove is arranged on the outer wall of the hollow frustum; the outer diameter of the top surface of the hollow frustum is larger than the inner diameter of the top surface of the outer rubber ring, and the outer diameters of the bottom surface of the hollow frustum and the outer rubber ring are both equal to the diameter of the anchor hole; its construction method is: replacing the conventional plug with the grouting anchor plug with an exhaust and pressure stabilizing function and installing it on the grouting anchor according to normal construction requirements; grouting from the hollow anchor body, and the air in the anchor hole is discharged from the exhaust channel between the arc-shaped groove and the outer rubber ring; when the slurry fills the entire anchor hole, the outer rubber ring slides downward and deforms under the action of the grouting pressure and closely fits with the arc-shaped groove to achieve slurry stoppage and pressure stabilization. The plug of the present invention has both exhaust and slurry stoppage and pressure stabilizing functions, effectively improving the grouting density of the anchor hole and the anchoring quality of the anchor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and particularly relates to a grouting anchor plug with exhaust and pressure stabilizing functions and a construction method, which are applicable to tunnel engineering constructed by the mining method and supported by anchor bolts. Background Art

[0002] Anchor bolt support is widely used in underground chambers such as traffic tunnels and hydraulic chambers, and is one of the main support measures for tunnels designed according to the "New Austrian Tunneling Method" principle. Commonly used grouting anchor bolts in China generally consist of an anchoring head 100 (using an expanding shell metal anchor or resin anchoring), a hollow rod body 200, a plug 300, a backing plate 400, a nut 500, and an exhaust (grouting) pipe 600, as Figure 1 shown. When the anchor bolt is used for the support of the tunnel arch, the anchor bolt inclines upwards at this time. Therefore, the grouting of the anchor bolt hole is carried out by the method of injecting slurry through the exhaust (grouting) pipe and exhausting (slurry) through the hollow rod body; when the anchor bolt is used for the support of the tunnel side wall, the anchor bolt inclines downwards at this time. Therefore, the grouting of the anchor bolt hole is carried out by the method of injecting slurry through the hollow rod body and exhausting (slurry) through the exhaust (grouting) pipe.

[0003] The existing grouting anchor bolts have the following problems: 1) Since there is no plug on the exhaust (grouting) pipe and the hollow rod body, the pressure cannot be stabilized during the grouting process, and the slurry cannot penetrate into the surrounding rock, reducing the anchoring effect; 2) For the arch anchor bolts, after the grouting is completed and the grouting connection pipe is removed, since the slurry is still in a flowing state, part of the slurry will flow back from the exhaust (grouting) pipe, forming local cavities around the anchor bolt, resulting in incomplete grouting. Therefore, it is necessary to design a grouting anchor plug with exhaust and pressure stabilizing functions and a construction method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned existing technologies, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a grouting anchor plug with exhaust and pressure stabilizing functions and a construction method, which can solve the problems of exhaust and pressure stabilization during the grouting of the anchor bolt and improve the anchoring quality of the anchor bolt.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is a grouting anchor plug with exhaust and pressure stabilizing functions, including an outer rubber ring and a hollow frustum for sleeving on the hollow anchor rod body, and the outer rubber ring is slidably sleeved on the hollow frustum; an arc-shaped groove is provided on the outer wall of the hollow frustum, and both ends of the arc-shaped groove extend to the top surface and the bottom surface of the hollow frustum respectively, and an exhaust channel is formed between the arc-shaped groove and the inner wall of the outer rubber ring; the outer diameter of the top surface of the hollow frustum is greater than the inner diameter of the top surface of the outer rubber ring, and the outer diameters of the bottom surface of the hollow frustum and the outer rubber ring are both equal to the diameter of the anchor bolt hole.

[0006] Further, a tenon is provided on the outer wall of the hollow frustum, and a strip-shaped chute is provided on the inner wall of the outer rubber ring. The tenon is installed in the strip-shaped chute and is axially slidably engaged with the strip-shaped chute.

[0007] Furthermore, the tenon is arranged at a non-arc-shaped groove on the outer wall of the hollow frustum.

[0008] Furthermore, there are a plurality of tenons, and the plurality of tenons are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the hollow frustum; the strip-shaped chutes correspond to the tenons one by one.

[0009] Furthermore, there are a plurality of arc-shaped grooves, and the plurality of tenons and the plurality of arc-shaped grooves are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction of the hollow frustum.

[0010] Furthermore, the depth of the arc-shaped groove gradually becomes shallower from the top surface to the bottom surface of the hollow frustum, and the curvature of the arc-shaped groove gradually becomes smaller from the top surface to the bottom surface of the hollow frustum.

[0011] Furthermore, an internal thread for threadedly connecting with the outer wall of the hollow anchor rod body is provided on the inner wall of the hollow frustum.

[0012] Furthermore, the hollow frustum is made of polyamide with a hardness of 150 - 160 SH; the outer rubber ring is made of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber or chloroprene rubber with a hardness of 40 - 65 SH.

[0013] The present invention also provides a construction method of a grouting anchor rod plug with an exhaust and pressure stabilizing function as described above, including the following steps:

[0014] S1. Combine the hollow frustum and the outer rubber ring to form the grouting anchor rod plug with an exhaust and pressure stabilizing function;

[0015] S2. Install the grouting anchor rod plug with an exhaust and pressure stabilizing function on the grouting anchor rod according to normal construction requirements instead of a conventional plug;

[0016] S3. Drill a hole for the construction anchor rod, then insert the grouting anchor rod, and achieve end anchoring;

[0017] S4. Grout from the grouting end of the hollow anchor rod body. As the pressure increases, the grout flows out from the grouting end of the hollow anchor rod body and enters the anchor rod hole;

[0018] S5. As the grouting volume increases, the grout flows from the bottom to the top along the anchor rod hole, and the air in the anchor rod hole is discharged from the exhaust channel formed between the arc-shaped groove on the hollow frustum of the plug and the inner wall of the outer rubber ring;

[0019] S6. As the grouting volume further increases, the grout fills the entire anchor rod hole and flows back to the grout stopper.

[0020] S7. The outer rubber ring of the grout stopper moves towards the bottom surface of the hollow frustum under the action of the grouting pressure. Restricted by the anchor rod hole, the outer rubber ring deforms and closely fits the arc-shaped groove on the hollow frustum, achieving grout stoppage and pressure stabilization.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) The present invention is provided with an arc-shaped groove on the outer wall of the hollow frustum of the grout stopper. The arc-shaped groove and the outer rubber ring form an exhaust channel. Through grouting with the hollow anchor rod body, as the grouting volume increases, the air in the anchor rod hole can be smoothly discharged through the exhaust channel, thus realizing the exhaust function of the grout stopper. In the present invention, the outer rubber ring is slidably sleeved on the hollow frustum, and it is designed that the outer diameter of the bottom surface of the hollow frustum and the outer diameter of the outer rubber ring are both equal to the diameter of the anchor rod hole, and the inner diameter of the top surface of the outer rubber ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the top surface of the hollow frustum. When the anchor rod hole is filled with grout, the grout pressure increases, and the outer rubber ring moves from the top surface to the bottom surface of the hollow frustum under the action of the grouting pressure and deforms to closely fit the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove to seal the top end of the exhaust channel, thus realizing the grout stoppage and pressure stabilization function.

[0023] (2) The grout stopper of the present invention is slidably matched through the tenons on the outer wall of the hollow frustum and the strip-shaped chutes on the inner wall of the outer rubber ring, embedding the outer rubber ring on the surface of the hollow frustum, enabling the outer rubber ring to slide from the top surface to the bottom surface of the hollow frustum and preventing it from sliding from the bottom surface to the top surface of the hollow frustum to prevent the outer rubber ring from falling off.

[0024] (3) On the basis of the existing anchor rod assembly, the present invention replaces the original grout stopper with the grout injection anchor rod grout stopper with exhaust and pressure stabilization functions provided by the present invention. It not only requires less modification and lower modification costs for the existing anchor rod assembly, but also does not change the original construction process of the anchor rod after modification. Moreover, it can realize that the grout stopper has both exhaust and grout stoppage and pressure stabilization functions, effectively improving the grouting density of the anchor rod hole and further improving the construction quality of the anchor rod. Description of the Drawings

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 It is the existing grout injection anchor rod assembly diagram provided in the background art;

[0027] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the grouting bolt provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 Top view of the hollow frustum of the grouting bolt plug with exhaust and pressure stabilizing functions provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 Three-dimensional view of the hollow frustum of the grouting bolt plug with exhaust and pressure stabilizing functions provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 Top view of the outer rubber ring of the grouting bolt plug with exhaust and pressure stabilizing functions provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the grouting bolt plug with exhaust and pressure stabilizing functions provided by the embodiment of the present invention at the Figure 3 I-I section;

[0032] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the grouting bolt plug with exhaust and pressure stabilizing functions provided by the embodiment of the present invention at the Figure 3 II-II section;

[0033] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the grouting bolt plug with exhaust and pressure stabilizing functions provided by the embodiment of the present invention at the Figure 3 III-III section;

[0034] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the grouting bolt plug with exhaust and pressure stabilizing functions provided by the embodiment of the present invention at the I-I section under the action of grouting pressure in the Figure 3 ;

[0035] In the figure: 1, plug; 11, hollow frustum; 111, arc groove; 112, tenon; 113, internal thread; 12, outer rubber ring; 121, strip chute; 2, hollow anchor body; 3, backing plate; 4, nut; 5, expansion shell type anchor. Detailed implementation manners

[0036] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation on the present invention.

[0038] The terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features; in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0039] As Figure 3-9 shown, this embodiment provides a grouting anchor plug 1 with an exhaust pressure stabilizing function, which includes an outer rubber ring 12 and a hollow frustum 11 for sleeving on a hollow anchor body 2, and the outer rubber ring 12 is slidably sleeved on the hollow frustum 11; an arc-shaped groove 111 is provided on the outer wall of the hollow frustum 11, and both ends of the arc-shaped groove 111 extend to the top surface and the bottom surface of the hollow frustum 11 respectively, and the arc-shaped groove 111 and the inner wall of the outer rubber ring 12 form an exhaust channel; the outer diameter of the top surface of the hollow frustum 11 is greater than the inner diameter of the top surface of the outer rubber ring 12, and the outer diameters of the bottom surface of the hollow frustum 11 and the outer rubber ring 12 are both equal to the diameter of the anchor hole. In this embodiment, an exhaust channel is formed by the arc-shaped groove 111 on the outer wall of the hollow frustum 11 and the outer rubber ring 12. When grouting through the hollow anchor body 2, as the grouting volume increases, the air in the anchor hole can be smoothly discharged through the exhaust channel, so as to realize the exhaust function of the plug 1; in this embodiment, the outer rubber ring 12 is slidably sleeved on the hollow frustum 11, and the outer diameter of the bottom surface of the hollow frustum 11 at the non-arc-shaped groove 111, the outer diameter of the outer rubber ring 12 are designed to be equal to the diameter of the anchor hole, and the inner diameter of the top surface of the outer rubber ring 12 is smaller than the outer diameter of the top surface of the hollow frustum 11 at the non-arc-shaped groove 111. When the anchor hole is filled with grout, the grout pressure increases, and the outer rubber ring 12 moves from the top surface to the bottom surface of the hollow frustum 11 under the action of the grouting pressure and deforms to closely fit the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove 111 to seal the top end of the exhaust channel, thereby realizing the function of stopping grout and stabilizing pressure.

[0040] In this embodiment, the outer rubber ring 12 is in a hollow cylindrical shape, and its hollow part is in a frustum shape, wrapping around the hollow frustum 11; the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove 111 is a regular arc surface, so as to ensure the exhaust and pressure stabilization effects, and the inner diameter of the top surface of the outer rubber ring 12 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the top surface of the hollow frustum 11 at the cross-section of the arc-shaped groove 111, so as to facilitate exhaust.

[0041] Furthermore, a tenon 112 is provided on the outer wall of the hollow frustum 11, and a strip-shaped chute 121 is provided on the inner wall of the outer rubber ring 12. The tenon 112 is installed in the strip-shaped chute 121 and is axially slidably matched with the strip-shaped chute 121. As Figure 3-5 and Figure 7 shown, in this embodiment, the tenon 112 provided on the outer wall of the hollow frustum 11 is matched with the strip-shaped chute 121 provided on the inner wall of the outer rubber ring 12, so as to fix the outer rubber ring 12 on the surface of the hollow frustum 11. The outer rubber ring 12 is allowed to slide in the direction from the top surface to the bottom surface of the hollow frustum 11, and the outer rubber ring 12 is not allowed to slide in the direction from the bottom surface to the top surface of the hollow frustum 11, so as to prevent the outer rubber ring 12 from falling off.

[0042] Even further, the tenon 112 is provided at a position on the outer wall of the hollow frustum 11 where there is no arc-shaped groove 111, providing a fixing effect for the outer rubber ring 12, so that the outer rubber ring 12 will not slide backward and fall off.

[0043] Even further, there are multiple tenons 112, and the multiple tenons 112 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the hollow frustum 11; the strip-shaped chutes 121 correspond to the tenons 112 one by one.

[0044] Even further, there are multiple arc-shaped grooves 111, and the multiple tenons 112 and the multiple arc-shaped grooves 111 are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction of the hollow frustum 11. As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, 4 arc-shaped grooves 111 and 4 tenons 112 can be provided on the outer wall of the hollow frustum 11. The tenons 112 are provided at positions where there are no arc-shaped grooves 111 and are arranged alternately with the arc-shaped grooves 111, improving the exhaust effect and the fixing effect between the outer rubber ring 12 and the hollow frustum 11.

[0045] Even further, the depth of the arc-shaped groove 111 gradually becomes shallower from the top surface to the bottom surface of the hollow frustum 11, and the curvature of the arc-shaped groove 111 gradually becomes smaller from the top surface to the bottom surface of the hollow frustum 11. As Figure 4 shown, for the arc-shaped groove 111 in this embodiment, it is advisable to have a greater depth and curvature at the upper end and a shallower depth and smaller curvature at the lower end, further improving the exhaust and pressure stabilization effects.

[0046] Furthermore, an internal thread 113 for threaded connection with the outer wall of the hollow anchor rod body 2 is provided on the inner wall of the hollow frustum 11. In this embodiment, the internal thread 113 is provided on the inner wall of the hollow frustum 11, which can cooperate with the external thread of the hollow anchor rod body 2, and can stably fix the grout plug 1 at the end of the hollow anchor rod body 2.

[0047] In this embodiment, the hollow frustum 11 is made of a relatively hard material. Preferably, the hollow frustum 11 can be prepared from polyamide with a hardness of 150 - 160 SH; the outer rubber ring 12 is made of rubber and has a certain deformation ability. Preferably, the outer rubber ring 12 can be prepared from ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber or chloroprene rubber with a hardness of 40 - 65 SH.

[0048] In this embodiment, the specific dimensions and material properties of the hollow frustum 11 and the outer rubber ring 12 need to be obtained through tests in combination with the anchor rod drilling diameter, the anchor rod body diameter, and the required stable grouting pressure; before the grouting pressure stabilizes, the exhaust channel between the outer rubber ring 12 and the arc-shaped groove 111 of the hollow frustum 11 remains open to allow air to escape. When the pressure stabilizes, under the grouting pressure, the outer rubber ring 12 deforms and presses against the arc-shaped groove 111, and after being compacted, it prevents the slurry from flowing out, forming a stable pressure. As a specific implementation manner, taking a φ25mm hollow grouting anchor rod as an example, the drill rod hole is φ50mm, and the mortar protection layer thickness between the hollow anchor rod body 2 and the inner wall of the anchor rod hole is 12.5mm. At this time, the inner diameter of the hollow frustum 11 can be 25mm, the outer diameter of the bottom surface can be 50mm, and the outer diameter of the top surface can be 35mm; the height of the grout plug 1, the height of the hollow frustum 11, and the height of the outer rubber ring 12 can be taken as 40mm; then the wall thickness of the top surface of the hollow frustum 11 can be taken as 5mm, and the wall thickness of the top surface of the outer rubber ring 12 can be taken as 10mm. The sum of the wall thickness of the top surface of the hollow frustum 11 (5mm) and the wall thickness of the top surface of the outer rubber ring 12 (10mm) is greater than the mortar protection layer thickness (12.5mm), that is, the sum of the wall thickness of the top surface of the hollow frustum 11 (5mm) and the wall thickness of the top surface of the outer rubber ring 12 (10mm) is greater than the difference between the radius of the drill rod hole (25mm) and the radius of the hollow anchor rod body 2 (12.5mm). When the outer rubber ring 12 moves from the top surface to the bottom surface of the hollow frustum 11 under the action of the grouting pressure, restricted by the anchor rod hole, the outer rubber ring 12 will deform and can closely fit with the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove 111 to close the air inlet end of the exhaust channel, thereby ensuring the grout pressure stabilization effect. The outer diameters of the top surface and the bottom surface of the above-mentioned hollow frustum 11 refer to the outer diameters at non-arc-shaped groove 111 positions, and the wall thicknesses of the top surface and the bottom surface of the hollow frustum 11 are both the wall thicknesses at non-arc-shaped groove 111 positions.

[0049] Such as Figure 2-9As shown in the figure, this embodiment also provides a construction method using the grouting anchor stopper with the exhaust pressure stabilizing function described above, including the following steps:

[0050] S1. Combine the hollow frustum 11 and the outer rubber ring 12 to form the grouting anchor stopper 1 with the exhaust pressure stabilizing function;

[0051] S2. Install the grouting anchor stopper 1 with the exhaust pressure stabilizing function on the grouting anchor according to the normal construction requirements instead of the conventional stopper; As shown in the figure, an expansion shell type anchor 5 is installed at the slurry outlet end of the hollow anchor body 2, and a nut 4, a backing plate 3 and the grouting anchor stopper 1 with the exhaust pressure stabilizing function are successively installed at the slurry inlet end of the hollow anchor body 2, and the hollow frustum 11 is sleeved on the hollow anchor body 2, and the bottom surface of the hollow frustum 11 faces the backing plate 3; Figure 2 As shown in the figure, an expansion shell type anchor 5 is installed at the slurry outlet end of the hollow anchor body 2, and a nut 4, a backing plate 3 and the grouting anchor stopper 1 with the exhaust pressure stabilizing function are successively installed at the slurry inlet end of the hollow anchor body 2, and the hollow frustum 11 is sleeved on the hollow anchor body 2, and the bottom surface of the hollow frustum 11 faces the backing plate 3;

[0052] S3. Drill a hole for the construction of the anchor, then insert the grouting anchor, and achieve end anchoring;

[0053] S4. Grout from the slurry inlet end of the hollow anchor body 2. As the pressure increases, the slurry flows out from the slurry outlet end of the hollow anchor body 2 and enters the anchor hole;

[0054] S5. As the grouting volume increases, the slurry flows from the bottom to the top along the anchor hole, and the air in the anchor hole is discharged from the exhaust channel formed between the arc-shaped groove 111 on the hollow frustum 11 of the stopper 1 and the inner wall of the outer rubber ring 12;

[0055] S6. As the grouting volume further increases, the slurry fills the entire anchor hole and flows back to the stopper 1;

[0056] S7. When the anchor hole is full of slurry, a grouting pressure is formed in the anchor hole. The outer rubber ring 12 of the stopper 1 moves towards the bottom surface of the hollow frustum 11 under the action of the grouting pressure and deforms to closely fit the arc-shaped groove 111 on the hollow frustum 11, sealing the exhaust channel and realizing slurry stopping and pressure stabilizing;

[0057] S8. After the pressure stabilizing reaches the designed specified time, stop grouting and pull out the grouting pipe.

[0058] In this embodiment, on the basis of the existing anchor assembly, the original stopper is replaced with the grouting anchor stopper 1 with the exhaust pressure stabilizing function provided by this embodiment. It not only has less modification to the existing anchor assembly and lower modification cost, but also does not change the original construction process of the anchor after modification. It can also enable the stopper to have both exhaust and slurry stopping and pressure stabilizing functions, effectively improving the grouting density of the anchor hole, and further improving the construction quality of the anchor.

[0059] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grouting anchor plug with exhaust pressure stabilizing function, characterized in that: It includes an outer rubber ring and a hollow frustum for sleeving on a hollow anchor rod body. The outer rubber ring is slidably sleeved on the hollow frustum. An arc-shaped groove is provided on the outer wall of the hollow frustum, and both ends of the arc-shaped groove extend to the top surface and the bottom surface of the hollow frustum respectively. An exhaust channel is formed between the arc-shaped groove and the inner wall of the outer rubber ring. The outer diameter of the top surface of the hollow frustum is greater than the inner diameter of the top surface of the outer rubber ring. The outer diameter of the bottom surface of the hollow frustum and the outer diameter of the outer rubber ring are both equal to the diameter of the anchor hole. A tenon is further provided on the outer wall of the hollow frustum, and a strip-shaped chute is provided on the inner wall of the outer rubber ring. The tenon is installed in the strip-shaped chute and is axially slidably matched with the strip-shaped chute.

2. The grouting anchor stopper with exhaust pressure stabilizing function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tenon is arranged at a non-arc-shaped groove on the outer wall of the hollow frustum.

3. The grouting anchor plug with exhaust pressure stabilizing function according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: There are multiple tenons, and the multiple tenons are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the hollow frustum. The strip-shaped chutes correspond to the tenons one by one.

4. The grouting anchor plug with exhaust pressure stabilizing function according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are multiple arc-shaped grooves, and the multiple tenons and the multiple arc-shaped grooves are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction of the hollow frustum.

5. The grouting anchor plug with exhaust pressure stabilizing function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the arc-shaped groove gradually becomes shallower from the top surface to the bottom surface of the hollow frustum, and the curvature of the arc-shaped groove gradually becomes smaller from the top surface to the bottom surface of the hollow frustum.

6. The grouting anchor stopper with exhaust pressure stabilizing function according to claim 1, characterized in that: Internal threads for threadedly connecting with the outer wall of the hollow anchor rod body are provided on the inner wall of the hollow frustum.

7. The grouting anchor stopper with exhaust pressure stabilizing function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hollow frustum is made of polyamide with a hardness of 150 - 160 SH. The outer rubber ring is made of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber or neoprene with a hardness of 40 - 65 SH.

8. A construction method using the grouting anchor stopper with exhaust pressure stabilizing function as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Combine the hollow frustum and the outer rubber ring into the grouting anchor rod plug with exhaust and pressure stabilizing functions. S2. Install the grouting anchor rod plug with exhaust and pressure stabilizing functions on the grouting anchor rod according to normal construction requirements instead of a conventional plug. S3. Drill a hole for the anchor rod during construction, then insert the grouting anchor rod, and achieve end anchoring. S4. Grout from the grouting end of the hollow anchor rod body. As the pressure increases, the grout flows out from the grouting end of the hollow anchor rod body and enters the anchor hole. S5. As the grouting volume increases, the grout flows from the bottom to the top along the anchor hole, and the air in the anchor hole is discharged through the exhaust channel formed between the arc-shaped groove on the hollow frustum of the plug and the inner wall of the outer rubber ring. S6. As the grouting volume further increases, the grout fills the entire anchor hole and flows back to the plug. S7. The outer rubber ring of the plug moves towards the bottom surface direction of the hollow frustum under the action of the grouting pressure and deforms to closely fit with the arc-shaped groove on the hollow frustum, realizing grout stoppage and pressure stabilization.

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