High temperature and high pressure large oil-water displacement dynamic X-ray scanning experimental device

Abstract

The present invention provides a large-scale dynamic X-ray scanning experimental device for oil and water displacement at high temperature and high pressure, which relates to the technical field of oil and gas field exploitation experiments, and comprises a flat core wrapped with a heating sleeve, the flat core is placed in a thin-walled confining pressure kettle body, a confining pressure chamber wrapped with the flat core is sealed in the confining pressure kettle body, and the confining pressure chamber is connected to a helium supply system, a water supply system and an oil supply system respectively. The supporting kettle body is supported along the edge of the confining pressure kettle body, and the middle part of the confining pressure kettle body is connected to the supporting kettle body through a plurality of ribs, and a scanning channel penetrating the flat core is formed between adjacent ribs, and an X-ray scanning mechanism is arranged at the end of the scanning channel, and the X-ray scanning mechanism is driven by a mobile driving device to move along the length direction of the flat core; the supporting kettle body is provided with a front-back flipping mechanism and a left-right flipping mechanism. The problem of poor reliability of experimental data obtained due to the limitation of displacement experiment simulation conditions in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field exploitation experiments, and in particular to a high-temperature and high-pressure large-scale oil-water displacement dynamic X-ray scanning experimental device. Background Art

[0002] The development strategies and technological measures taken by people for oil and gas reservoirs have a great influence on the final recoverable reserves of oil and gas fields. The ratio of recoverable reserves to original geological reserves is called recovery factor. Displacement experiments on flat plate models (artificial flat plate cores) and the study of oil displacement mechanism play an important role in improving the recovery factor of oil and gas fields. In the existing displacement experiments, one is to study indirectly through factors such as inlet and outlet pressures, and the other is a low-pressure and normal temperature flat plate model drive. The disadvantage is that it cannot objectively simulate the high-pressure and high-temperature environment in the formation, and the flat plate model mostly simulates horizontal displacement, which cannot reflect the influence of gravity on the displacement experiment, affecting the accuracy of the experimental results. In addition, the existing X-CT core scanning device is limited in scanning range, so the displacement core size cannot be too large, resulting in inaccurate simulation experiments. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a high-temperature and high-pressure large-scale oil-water displacement dynamic X-ray scanning experimental device, which solves the problem of poor reliability of experimental data obtained due to limitations of displacement experiment simulation conditions in the prior art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A high-temperature and high-pressure large-scale oil-water displacement dynamic X-ray scanning experimental device is provided, which comprises a flat core wrapped with a heating sleeve, the flat core is placed in a thin-walled confining pressure autoclave, a confining pressure chamber wrapped with the flat core is sealed in the confining pressure autoclave, and the confining pressure chamber is connected to a helium supply system, a water supply system and an oil supply system respectively.

[0006] The supporting kettle body is supported along the edge of the confining pressure kettle body, and the middle part of the confining pressure kettle body is supported by a plurality of rib plates fixed on the supporting kettle body. A scanning channel penetrating the flat core is formed between adjacent rib plates. An X-ray scanning mechanism is arranged at the end of the scanning channel, and the X-ray scanning mechanism is driven by a mobile driving device to move along the length direction of the flat core. The supporting kettle body is provided with a front-back flipping mechanism and a left-right flipping mechanism.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0008] 1. The experimental device in this scheme can use oil, gas and water as displacement media and helium as confining pressure to study the influence of gravity on the displacement mechanism of oil reservoirs under high temperature and high pressure environment, and use X-ray scanning imaging technology to quickly and conveniently obtain the fluid distribution inside the flat core.

[0009] 2. The heating sleeve can heat the flat core to simulate a high temperature environment. The flat core wrapped with the heating sleeve is placed in the confining pressure kettle body, and the supporting kettle body is supported along the edge of the confining pressure kettle body, so that the heating sleeve can only heat the flat core during heating. Compared with the traditional experimental device that heats the entire kettle body, it saves more energy, and the confining pressure kettle body and the load-bearing kettle body are at room temperature. The room temperature reduces the material performance requirements for them and their components, and at the same time improves the safety during the experiment.

[0010] 3. The supporting kettle body is supported along the edge of the confining pressure kettle body, and the middle part of the confining pressure kettle body is supported by the ribs fixed on the supporting kettle body, so that the confining pressure kettle body can be made thinner while being able to withstand high pressure, making the experimental equipment lighter and easier to flip, so that the influence of gravity factors on displacement experiments can be implemented; at the same time, the thinning of the wall thickness of the confining pressure kettle body and the scanning channels formed between the ribs are conducive to improving the penetration of X-rays, making the experimental data obtained by X-ray scanning more accurate. In addition, the ribs are fixedly connected to the supporting kettle body, and the ribs and the confining pressure kettle body are only supported by abutment, which improves the convenience of disassembly and assembly, and avoids the deformation of the confining pressure kettle body caused by welding.

[0011] 4. The settings of the front-to-back flipping mechanism and the left-to-right flipping mechanism can adjust the flat core to be inclined or even vertical in different directions to simulate the influence of gravity on the displacement experiment.

[0012] 5. The X-ray scanning mechanism is driven by a mobile drive device to move along the length direction of the flat core to achieve dynamic scanning, so that the X-ray can monitor and record the experimental data of the large-size flat core at a smaller emission angle, thereby improving the experimental efficiency. At the same time, the increase in the size of the flat core can improve the reliability of the experimental data and effectively reduce the impact of accidental factors on the experimental results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 This is a top-down schematic diagram of the high-temperature and high-pressure large-scale oil-water displacement dynamic X-ray scanning experimental device.

[0014] Figure 2 This is the front view of the high-temperature and high-pressure large-scale oil-water displacement dynamic X-ray scanning experimental device.

[0015] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0016] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0017] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the supporting kettle body, clamping and pressing the kettle body.

[0018] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view along the width direction of the supporting kettle body, clamping and pressing the kettle body.

[0019] Among them, 1. flat core; 11. flat clamp; 111. box; 112. sealant; 113. box cover; 12. insulation layer; 2. heating sleeve; 3. confining pressure kettle; 31. confining pressure chamber; 4. rib plate; 5. supporting kettle; 51. upper clamp; 52. lower clamp; 53. fastener; 54. bayonet; 6. front and rear turning mechanism; 61. hand wheel; 62. reducer; 63. short shaft; 7. left and right turning mechanism; 8. scanning channel; 9. X-ray scanning mechanism; 91. X-ray transmitter; 92. ray receiving device 1. The first moving mechanism; 93. The slide rail; 94. The first moving mechanism; 941. The traction rope; 942. The electric retractable wheel; 943. The guide wheel; 95. The second moving mechanism; 951. The lead screw; 952. The lead screw nut; 96. The radiation protection shell; 97. The suspension frame; 10. The moving frame; 13. The water tank; 14. The water metering pump; 15. The oil tank; 16. The oil metering pump; 18. The helium cylinder; 19. The pressure regulating valve; 20. The gas flow meter; 21. The oil-water metering cup; 22. The helium booster pump; 23. The helium recovery pump; 24. The pressure gauge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0021] like Figure 1 to Figure 4 As shown, the high-temperature and high-pressure large-scale oil-water displacement dynamic X-ray scanning experimental device includes a flat core 1 wrapped with a heating jacket 2, and the flat core 1 is placed in a thin-walled confining pressure kettle body 3, and the wall thickness of the confining pressure kettle body 3 can be 10 mm. A confining pressure chamber 31 enclosing the flat core 1 is sealed in the confining pressure kettle body 3, and the confining pressure chamber 31 is connected to the helium supply system, the water supply system and the oil supply system respectively.

[0022] The supporting kettle body 5 is supported along the edge of the confining pressure kettle body 3. The middle part of the confining pressure kettle body 3 is supported at intervals by a plurality of rib plates 4 fixed on the supporting kettle body 5. A scanning channel 8 penetrating the flat core 1 is formed between adjacent rib plates 4. An X-ray scanning mechanism 9 is provided at the end of the scanning channel 8. The X-ray scanning mechanism 9 is driven by a mobile driving device to move along the length direction of the flat core 1. The supporting kettle body 5 is provided with a front-rear flipping mechanism 6 and a left-right flipping mechanism 7.

[0023] Preferably, the flat core 1 is placed in a flat plate holder 11, and the flat plate holder 11 includes a box body 111 with an open top. After a layer of sealant 112 is coated on the bottom plate of the box body, the prepared flat core 1 is placed therein, a layer of sealant 112 is coated on the top surface of the flat core 1, and then the heating sleeve 2 is fixed to the sealant 112 layer. The heating sleeve 2 can be a rubber heating plate (with electric heating wires installed in the rubber plate) or a carbon fiber heating plate. A suitable heating sleeve can be selected according to actual temperature requirements; then a box cover 113 matching the box body is covered on the box body and connected by threaded fasteners, and the box cover 113 only covers the edge of the flat core 1. Finally, the flat plate holder 11, the flat core 1 and the heating sleeve 2 are wrapped with the insulation layer 12.

[0024] Preferably, the flat core 1 is rectangular, the confining pressure kettle body 3 is a rectangular hollow box, and the size of the flat core 1 is smaller than the inner cavity size of the confining pressure kettle body 3, so that there is a space between the inner wall of the confining pressure kettle body 3 and the flat core 1 as a confining pressure cavity 31. At least two pipe joints are sealed and connected to the confining pressure kettle body 3, which serve as water and oil inlet pipe joints and helium inlet pipe joints respectively. The pipe joints are preferably quick-insert pipe joints, which facilitate quick connection of water and oil delivery pipelines and helium delivery pipelines during experiments.

[0025] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the supporting kettle body 5 includes an upper clamping plate 51 and a lower clamping plate 52 which are arranged opposite to each other. The upper clamping plate 51 and the lower clamping plate 52 are both in the shape of a rectangular frame. The upper clamping plate 51 and the lower clamping plate 52 are connected by a fastener 53. The fastener 53 is a screw whose lower end is fixed to the lower clamping plate 52. The upper end of the screw passes through the upper clamping plate 51 and is locked by a nut.

[0026] An upper clamping plate 51 and a lower clamping plate 52 are respectively provided with an upper clamping plate and a lower clamping plate on one side adjacent to the confining and pressing kettle body 3. The upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate are arranged opposite to each other to form a clamping plate 54 for clamping the edge of the confining and pressing kettle body 3 after the upper clamping plate 51 and the lower clamping plate 52 are fastened, so as to achieve the purpose of clamping and fixing the confining and pressing kettle body 3 along the edge. The rib plate 4 is divided into an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is welded to the upper clamping plate 51, and the lower part is welded to the lower clamping plate 52. After the upper clamping plate 51 and the lower clamping plate 52 are clamped, the bottom surface of the upper part abuts against the top surface of the confining and pressing kettle body 3, and the top surface of the lower part abuts against the bottom surface of the confining and pressing kettle body 3.

[0027] The X-ray scanning mechanism 9 includes an X-ray transmitter 91 and a ray receiving device 92 respectively arranged at both ends of the scanning channel 8. The rib plates 4 are arranged side by side, and the channel between two adjacent rib plates 4 forms a scanning channel 8 for X-rays to pass through, so that on the scanning channel 8, the X-rays only need to penetrate the confining pressure kettle body 3 and the objects inside it, thereby reducing the loss of X-rays. A ray protection shell 96 is installed on the ray outlet of the X-ray transmitter 91. The ray protection shell 96 is in a trumpet shape, with a small diameter end connected to the X-ray transmitter 91 and a large diameter end arranged adjacent to the scanning channel 8, as close to the scanning channel 8 as possible without interfering with the movement of the X-ray transmitter 91. The ray protection shell 96 ensures that the rays are irradiated along the set route and prevents the rays from scattering in other directions.

[0028] The X-ray transmitter 91 and the radiation receiving device 92 are both slidably connected to the slide rail 93 and driven by the first moving mechanism 94 and the second moving mechanism 95 respectively. The second moving mechanism 95 is preferably an electric lead screw moving mechanism, including a lead screw 951 and a lead screw nut 952 threadedly connected to the lead screw 951. The end of the lead screw 951 is connected to the output shaft of the motor through a coupling. The radiation receiving device 92 is fixed to the lead screw nut 952. A through hole with an axis parallel to the threaded hole of the lead screw nut 952 is also provided next to the threaded hole of the lead screw nut 952. The through hole is used for the slide rail 93 to pass through. The slide rail in the second moving mechanism 95 is preferably a light rod. The limit of the light rod can prevent the lead screw nut 952 from rotating and play a guiding role. The lead screw 951 rotates under the drive of the motor, and the lead screw nut 952 cannot rotate and can only move along the axial direction of the lead screw, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the radiation receiving device 92.

[0029] The X-ray transmitter 91 is suspended below the supporting kettle body 5 through a suspension frame 97. A slider is fixed on the X-ray transmitter 91, and the slider is slidably sleeved on the slide rail 93. During the process of the first moving mechanism 94 driving the X-ray transmitter 91 to move, the cooperation between the slider and the slide rail plays a role in guiding and reducing friction.

[0030] The first moving mechanism 94 includes a traction rope 941 connected to the X-ray transmitter 91, and the traction rope 941 is wound around the electric retractable wheel 942. Figure 1 As shown, the right end of the X-ray transmitter 91 is connected to the traction rope 941 through a hook. The traction rope 941 passes around the electric retractable wheel 942 and then extends to the left side of the X-ray transmitter 91 to the guide wheel 943. The guide wheel 943 and the electric retractable wheel 942 are both installed on the suspension frame 97 and are respectively located on the left and right sides of the X-ray transmitter 91. The left end of the traction rope 941 passes around the guide wheel 943 and is connected to the hook on the left side of the X-ray transmitter 91. In order to prevent the traction rope 941 from slipping, the traction rope 941 can be wound around the guide wheel 943 and the electric retractable wheel 942 for several more turns before being led out. The electric retractable wheel 942 is installed on the output shaft of the motor.

[0031] The principle of the first moving mechanism 94 driving the X-ray transmitter 91 to move is: the motor drives the electric retractable wheel 942 to rotate clockwise, the right end of the traction rope 941 pulls the X-ray transmitter 91 to the right, and the left end of the traction rope is relaxed and the relaxed length is the same as the tightened length of the right end of the traction rope 941; similarly, the motor drives the electric retractable wheel 942 to rotate counterclockwise, and the X-ray transmitter 91 moves to the left.

[0032] The left and right flipping mechanism 7 is installed on the supporting kettle body 5 and flips the confining pressure kettle body 3, and the front and back flipping mechanism 6 is installed on the mobile frame 10 and flips the supporting kettle body 5. The front and back flipping mechanism 6 has the same structure and flipping principle as the left and right flipping mechanism 7. Only the front and back flipping mechanism 6 is described below. The front and back flipping mechanism 6 includes a short shaft 63 fixed at both ends of the supporting kettle body 5, the short shaft 63 is connected to the mobile frame 10 through a bearing, and the short shaft 63 at one end is connected to the reducer 62. The reducer 62 is preferably a worm gear reducer. The output and input of the reducer 62 are both connected by holes. The short shaft 63 at one end is connected to the output hole of the reducer 62, and the input hole of the reducer 62 is connected to a hand wheel 61. Turning the hand wheel 61 can rotate the short shaft 63 and flip the supporting kettle body 5. A mobile frame 10 is set at each end of the supporting kettle body 5. In order to facilitate movement, a universal wheel with a brake is connected to the bottom of the mobile frame 10.

[0033] The heating sleeve 2 can heat the flat core to simulate a high temperature environment, and the helium supply system provides sufficient pressure to simulate a high pressure environment in the confining pressure chamber 31. The setting of the reinforcing ribs 4 enables the confining pressure kettle body 3 to withstand high pressure in the case of thin walls, and the X-rays are scanned from the scanning channel 8 with less shielding loss.

[0034] X-rays are used to scan the flat core 1 in the real-time displacement process to obtain the dynamic change image of the oil and water saturation in the flat core. The X-ray scanning imaging technology (when a beam of X-rays penetrates an object, part of the X-rays will be absorbed or reflected, but most of them can penetrate the object) can be used to observe and record the fluid distribution inside the entire flat core in a very short time without changing the external structure and internal morphology of the flat core. When the X-ray transmitter 91 emits rays, it passes through the confining pressure kettle body 3 and its internal structure and reaches the ray receiving device 92. The ray receiving device 92 receives the transmitted X-ray signal, and judges the changes of the rays in different parts through the matching electronic device, converts it into an electronic signal, transmits it to the processing software, and then processes it into image information through the software, thereby obtaining the dynamic change image of the oil and water saturation in the flat core. The experimental device in this scheme can simulate the fluid distribution of the flat core model under water drive, oil drive, and gravity drive under high temperature and high pressure environment, and provide reliable experimental data.

[0035] The water supply system and the oil supply system are both connected to a boosting system, and the gas medium of the boosting system is helium. The water supply system provides water displacement, and the water supply system includes a water tank 13 and a water injection metering pump 14 arranged on the water pipeline. The oil supply system provides oil displacement, and the oil supply system includes an oil tank 15 and an oil injection metering pump 16 connected to the oil pipeline. The oil injection metering pump 16 and the water injection metering pump 14 can quantitatively control the flow rate. Since most of the actual oil and gas fields are water-oil mixtures, the oil pipeline and the water pipeline are combined and connected to transport a quantitative and fixed-composition water-oil mixture to the confining pressure chamber 31, and a pressure gauge 24 is installed on the water-oil mixture delivery pipeline.

[0036] The pressurization system includes a helium cylinder 18 storing helium. After the helium cylinder 18 is connected to the pressure regulating valve 19, it is connected to the water pipeline and the oil pipeline through a pipeline. The pressurized helium helps water and oil enter the confining pressure chamber 31. The pressurization system selects helium as the medium, so that the only gas left in the confining pressure chamber 31 is helium. X-rays pass through helium without substantially reducing the intensity, which can improve the penetration of X-rays. In order to improve the control of the amount of gas and oil and water in the confining pressure chamber 31, a gas flow meter 20 and an oil and water metering cup 21 are connected to the confining pressure chamber 31 through a pipeline.

[0037] The helium supply system provides a confining pressure and a gas displacement gas source. The helium supply system includes a helium cylinder 18 storing helium. The helium cylinder is connected to a helium booster pump 22 and a helium recovery pump 23 through pipelines. The pipeline where the helium booster pump 22 is located transports the pressurized helium to the confining pressure chamber 31. The pipeline where the helium recovery pump 23 is located recovers the helium coming out of the confining pressure chamber 31. Since the size of the confining pressure will be adjusted according to the experimental requirements, there is pressure increase and there is pressure reduction. When pressure increase is required, more helium is transported to the confining pressure chamber 31 through the pipeline where the helium booster pump 22 is located. When pressure reduction is required, the helium recovery pump 23 transports the helium in the confining pressure chamber 31 to the helium cylinder 18 in the opposite direction to reduce the pressure of the confining pressure chamber 31. A pressure gauge 24 is connected to the helium delivery pipeline to facilitate monitoring of the pressure in the pipeline.

Claims

1. A high-temperature and high-pressure large-scale oil-water displacement dynamic X-ray scanning experimental device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a flat core (1) wrapped with a heating sleeve (2), wherein the flat core (1) is placed in a thin-walled confining pressure kettle (3), wherein a confining pressure chamber (31) enclosing the flat core (1) is sealed in the confining pressure kettle (3), and the confining pressure chamber (31) is connected to a helium supply system, a water supply system and an oil supply system respectively; The supporting kettle body (5) is supported along the edge of the confining pressure kettle body (3); the middle part of the confining pressure kettle body (3) is supported by a plurality of rib plates (4) fixed on the supporting kettle body (5); a scanning channel (8) penetrating the flat core (1) is formed between adjacent rib plates (4); an X-ray scanning mechanism (9) is provided at the end of the scanning channel (8); the X-ray scanning mechanism (9) is driven by a mobile driving device to move along the length direction of the flat core (1); the supporting kettle body (5) is provided with a front-to-back turning mechanism (6) and a left-to-right turning mechanism (7); The X-ray scanning mechanism (9) comprises an X-ray transmitter (91) and a radiation receiving device (92) respectively arranged at two ends of the scanning channel (8); the X-ray transmitter (91) and the radiation receiving device (92) are both slidably connected to a slide rail (93) and driven by a first moving mechanism (94) and a second moving mechanism (95) respectively; a radiation protection shell (96) is installed on the radiation outlet of the X-ray transmitter (91); and an end of the radiation protection shell (96) is arranged adjacent to the scanning channel (8); The left-right turning mechanism (7) is installed on the supporting kettle body (5) and turns over the confining pressure kettle body (3), and the front-back turning mechanism (6) is installed on the moving frame (10) and turns over the supporting kettle body (5).

2. The high-temperature and high-pressure large-scale oil-water displacement dynamic X-ray scanning experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The flat plate core (1) is placed in a flat plate holder (11), the heating jacket (2) wraps the entire flat plate core (1) and the flat plate holder (11), and the heating jacket (2) is wrapped with a thermal insulation layer.

3. The high-temperature and high-pressure large-scale oil-water displacement dynamic X-ray scanning experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water supply system and the oil supply system are both connected to a pressurizing system, and the gas medium of the pressurizing system is helium.

4. The high-temperature and high-pressure large-scale oil-water displacement dynamic X-ray scanning experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The supporting kettle body (5) comprises an upper clamping plate (51) and a lower clamping plate (52) which are arranged opposite to each other. The upper clamping plate (51) and the lower clamping plate (52) are connected by a fastener (53). An upper clamping plate and a lower clamping plate are respectively arranged on one side of the upper clamping plate (51) and the lower clamping plate (52) adjacent to the confining and pressing kettle body (3). The upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate are arranged opposite to each other to form a clamping plate (54) for clamping the edge of the confining and pressing kettle body (3).

5. The high-temperature and high-pressure large-scale oil-water displacement dynamic X-ray scanning experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The second moving mechanism (95) is an electric lead screw moving mechanism.

6. The high-temperature and high-pressure large-scale oil-water displacement dynamic X-ray scanning experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first moving mechanism (94) comprises a traction rope (941) connected to the X-ray transmitter (91), and the traction rope (941) is wound around an electric retractable wheel (942).

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