Integrated radiating unit and antenna

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and provides an integrated radiation unit and antenna. The integrated antenna includes multiple independent transceiver sub-arrays, and the transceiver sub-arrays include three integrated radiation units. The integrated radiation unit includes a dielectric plate and a reflector. One side of the dielectric plate is provided with a groove, and the other side is provided with a boss corresponding to the position of the groove. The bottom of the groove is provided with a lower radiation sheet, and the boss is provided with an upper radiation sheet. In the actual application process, the dielectric plate, the groove, the boss and the pillar are manufactured through the integrated molding technology, and the upper radiation sheet and the lower radiation sheet are respectively provided on the boss and the groove. By ensuring the precise processing of the upper and lower radiation sheets, the problem of inconsistent dimensions caused by the welding process is avoided, thereby ensuring the reliability and consistency of the integrated radiation unit, thereby providing a smaller integrated radiation unit and antenna while meeting the bandwidth requirements of the 5G network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an integrated radiation unit and antenna. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, 5G communication networks are gradually entering the stage of large-scale construction. During the construction of 5G communication networks, the integration of base station main equipment and front-end large-scale array antennas will become the mainstream trend. Therefore, there will be higher requirements for the low-cost, miniaturized and easy-to-assemble design of 5G antennas.

[0003] The antenna design of traditional 4G base stations generally adopts die-cast oscillators or PCB dipole solutions. Although the antenna designed with this solution has a relatively wide bandwidth, the volume of the oscillator is large and cannot be applied to 5G base stations with limited space dimensions. In order to adapt to the miniaturized design of 5G base stations, 5G base station antennas in the existing technology adopt the following design methods: 1. Differential metal patch solution; 2. Single-layer integrated patch solution; 3. In-mold double-layer metal patch solution.

[0004] Among them, for the differential metal patch solution, the solution uses welding technology to weld the metal patch on the PCB network board. The antenna designed by this solution has a relatively narrow bandwidth and needs to be produced according to a certain welding process. It is difficult to maintain the consistency of the antenna; for the single-layer integrated patch solution, this solution makes the feeding network and the radiation plate (metal patch) both on the dielectric layer, and excites the feeding network to make the antenna array work. However, the antenna designed by this solution still has a narrow bandwidth (relative bandwidth is about 5%-10%), which is difficult to effectively cover the 3.3-4.2GHz mainstream frequency band of 5G at home and abroad (relative bandwidth>20%), and the convergence of the directional pattern of this solution is poor. Based on the single-layer integrated patch solution, in the prior art, a double-layer metal patch solution for in-mold molding is proposed. The design scheme of the double-layer metal patch fixes the two layers of metal patches together through in-mold molding. The relative bandwidth of the antenna of this solution can meet more than 20%. However, this solution is applied to in-mold forming, which has high costs, and the superposition of two layers of metal patches requires welding, which has certain welding errors. In the design of large-scale array antennas, it is difficult to maintain the consistency of the radiation units, so it has great limitations. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides an integrated radiation unit and antenna, which provides a smaller integrated radiation unit and antenna while meeting the bandwidth requirements of the 5G network.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides an integrated radiation unit, comprising a dielectric plate and a reflector arranged parallel to the dielectric plate, wherein a groove is arranged on one side of the dielectric plate facing the reflector, and a boss corresponding to the groove is arranged on the other side, the boss is supported by a pillar arranged on the dielectric plate, and the dielectric plate, the groove, the boss and the pillar are integrally formed;

[0007] A lower radiation sheet is arranged at the bottom of the groove, an upper radiation sheet is arranged on the boss, and two feeding probes forming a 45° polarization are also arranged on the dielectric plate. The feeding probes couple the lower radiation sheet, and the lower radiation sheet couples or directly feeds the upper radiation sheet.

[0008] Optionally, the material of the medium plate is resin or plastic.

[0009] Optionally, the thickness of the dielectric plate is 0.8 mm-1.5 mm.

[0010] Optionally, the distance between the lower radiation sheet and the upper radiation sheet is 5 mm-6 mm.

[0011] Optionally, the distance between the dielectric plate and the reflective plate is 0.8 mm-2 mm.

[0012] Optionally, the distance between the lower radiation sheet and the reflection plate is 2mm-5mm.

[0013] Optionally, the bottom thickness of the groove is 1 mm.

[0014] Optionally, a feeding network connected to the feeding probe is further provided on the dielectric plate, and a gap is left between the feeding network and the reflection plate to form an air microstrip network.

[0015] A second aspect of the present application provides an integrated antenna, which includes a plurality of independent transceiver sub-arrays, each of which includes three integrated radiating units, and the dielectric plates, grooves, bosses and pillars of the three integrated radiating units are integrally formed.

[0016] It can be seen from the above technical scheme that the present application provides an integrated radiation unit and antenna, the integrated antenna includes multiple independent transceiver sub-arrays, the transceiver sub-arrays include three integrated radiation units, the integrated radiation unit includes a dielectric plate, and a reflector arranged parallel to the dielectric plate, a groove is arranged on one side of the dielectric plate facing the reflector, and a boss corresponding to the position of the groove is arranged on the other side, the boss is supported by a pillar arranged on the dielectric plate, and the dielectric plate, the groove, the boss and the pillar are integrally formed; a lower radiation sheet is arranged at the bottom of the groove, an upper radiation sheet is arranged on the boss, and two feeding probes forming a 45° polarization are also arranged on the dielectric plate, the feeding probe is coupled to the lower radiation sheet, and the lower radiation sheet is coupled to the upper radiation sheet.

[0017] In actual application, the dielectric plate, groove, boss and pillar are manufactured through integrated molding technology, and the upper and lower radiation plates are respectively arranged on the upper and lower planes formed by the boss and the groove. By ensuring the precise processing of the upper and lower radiation plates, the size inconsistency problem caused by the welding process is avoided, thereby ensuring the reliability and consistency of the integrated radiation unit, that is, ensuring that the antenna composed of the integrated radiation unit has high reliability and consistency, thereby providing a smaller integrated radiation unit and antenna while meeting the bandwidth requirements of the 5G network, which can greatly reduce the defective rate in large-scale mass production and large-scale array use, and reduce the uncertainty of the antenna end of the transceiver signal, thereby providing a solid foundation for the rapid and reliable deployment of 5G base stations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of an integrated radiation unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the medium plate provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic front view of the structure;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the transceiver subarray provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 5A schematic diagram of a local structure of a transceiver subarray provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the integrated antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Illustration Description:

[0026] Among them, 1-dielectric plate, 2-reflection plate, 3-groove, 4-boss, 5-pillar, 6-lower radiation plate, 7-upper radiation plate, 8-feeding probe, 9-feeding network, 10-total feeding port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following embodiments are described in detail, and examples thereof are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The implementations described in the following embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. They are only examples of systems and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the claims.

[0028] In order to meet the bandwidth requirements of 5G networks, a small integrated radiation unit and antenna are provided. Figure 1 , is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the integrated radiation unit provided in the embodiment of the present application; see Figure 2 , is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the medium plate provided in the embodiment of the present application; see Figure 3 ,for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure from above.

[0029] An integrated radiation unit provided in a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application includes a dielectric plate 1 and a reflector 2 arranged parallel to the dielectric plate 1, a groove 3 is arranged on one side of the dielectric plate 1 facing the reflector 2, and a boss 4 is arranged on the other side with a position corresponding to the groove 3, the boss 4 is supported by a pillar 5 arranged on the dielectric plate 1, and the dielectric plate 1, the groove 3, the boss 4 and the pillar 5 are integrally formed; in the embodiment of the present application, the integral forming technology adopted is in-mold injection molding, but is not limited to in-mold injection molding, and can also be other integral forming methods, such as 3D printing and machining; the in-mold injection molding method has lower production costs and is conducive to large-scale batch production.

[0030] like Figure 1As shown, a protrusion is provided on one side of the dielectric plate 1, and at the same time, the protrusion middle medium on the front side of the dielectric plate 1 is hollowed out in the mold by inserting, leaving only the upper surface of the protrusion as a boss 4, and four support columns as pillars 5, thereby reducing the use of injection molding materials and reducing the influence of the thick dielectric block on the overall radiation performance of the antenna; at the same time, the reverse side of the dielectric plate is also raised upward by inserting, that is, the lower surface of the dielectric plate forms a corresponding groove 3, and the upper surface boss 4 formed is directly opposite to the lower surface groove 3. It should be noted that, since the size of the lower radiation sheet 3 and the upper radiation sheet 4 are basically the same, the other side of the dielectric plate 1 is provided with a boss 4 corresponding to the groove 3, wherein the position of the boss 4 corresponds to the groove 3, which means that the projection center of the boss 4 overlaps with the projection center of the groove 3 when projected from above the boss 4.

[0031] A lower radiation plate 6 is provided at the bottom of the groove 3, an upper radiation plate 7 is provided on the boss 4, and two feeding probes 8 forming a 45° polarization are also provided on the dielectric plate 1. The feeding probes 8 couple the lower radiation plate 6, and the lower radiation plate 6 couples or directly feeds the upper radiation plate 7.

[0032] After the injection molding of the dielectric plate 1, the groove 3, the boss 4 and the pillar 5 is completed, the upper radiation sheet 7 is etched on the upper surface of the boss 4 and the lower radiation sheet 6 is etched in the groove 3 on the reverse side of the dielectric plate 1 by LDS (Laser Direct Structuring) or selective electroplating technology. In addition, two feeding probes 8 are also arranged on the dielectric plate 1.

[0033] The thickness of the groove 3 and the boss 4 is 0.4mm-2mm, the medium between the groove 3 and the boss 4 is hollowed out, and only connected by four pillars 5, and the hollowing method reduces the influence of the medium on the energy transfer of the upper and lower radiation sheets (lower radiation sheet 6 and upper radiation sheet 7). By realizing two layers of radiation sheets on the integrally formed dielectric flat plate 1, the relative bandwidth of the antenna unit is increased to more than 20%, and the radiation sheets on the surface of the groove 3 and the boss 4 can be manufactured by LDS (laser integral forming) or selective electroplating.

[0034] Two feeding probes 8 are used to excite the two corners of the lower radiation sheet 6 to form ±45° polarized feeding. The ends of the two feeding probes 8 are connected or not connected to the lower radiation sheet 6 (coupled feeding). After the lower radiation sheet 6 is excited by the feeding probes 8, it starts to radiate electromagnetic waves outward. At the same time, the upper radiation sheet 7 is coupled to the electromagnetic waves on the lower radiation sheet 6 and also starts to radiate electromagnetic waves outward, eventually forming the upper and lower radiation sheets working at the same time. When the two radiation sheets work at the same time, not only the working bandwidth of the radiation unit is increased, but also the convergence of the directional diagram is improved. In addition, there is a corresponding reflector 2 below the dielectric plate 1, and there is a certain gap between the dielectric plate 1 and the lower reflector 2. The reflector 2 is mainly used to reflect the radiated electromagnetic waves and limit the transmission of electromagnetic waves, so that the excitation signal is transmitted between the dielectric plate 1 and the reflector 2.

[0035] The integrated radiation unit provided in the embodiment of the present application is manufactured by integrated molding technology to manufacture the dielectric plate 1, groove 3, boss 4 and pillar 5, and an upper radiation sheet 7 and a lower radiation sheet 6 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower planes formed by the boss 4 and the groove 3. By ensuring the precise processing of the upper and lower radiation sheets, the problem of inconsistent dimensions caused by the welding process is avoided, thereby ensuring the reliability and consistency of the integrated radiation unit, that is, ensuring that the antenna composed of the integrated radiation unit has high reliability and consistency, greatly reducing the defective rate in large-scale mass production and large-scale array use, and reducing the uncertainty of the antenna end of the transmitting and receiving signals, thereby providing a solid foundation for the rapid and reliable deployment of 5G base stations.

[0036] The integrated radiation unit provided in the embodiment of the present application requires the dielectric plate 1, the groove 3, the boss 4 and the pillar 5 to be integrally formed, so the lower radiation sheet 6 and the upper radiation sheet 7 are respectively located on both sides of the dielectric plate 1, so as to facilitate the processing of two layers of radiation sheets on the basis of integral molding. More specifically, the material of the dielectric plate 1 is resin or plastic, wherein the plastic can be ordinary plastic or modified plastic. The thickness of the dielectric plate 1 is 0.8mm-1.5mm. The distance between the lower radiation sheet 6 and the upper radiation sheet 7 is 5mm-6mm, forming a low-profile antenna unit. The distance between the dielectric plate 1 and the reflector 2 is 0.8mm-2mm. The distance between the lower radiation sheet 6 and the reflector 2 is 3mm-5mm. It should be noted that in order to ensure the coupling effect between the lower radiation sheet 6 and the upper radiation sheet 7, the thickness of the boss 4 should be reduced as much as possible. On the basis of satisfying the processing of the upper radiation sheet 7, the thickness of the boss 4 should be reduced as much as possible. Similarly, the bottom thickness of the groove 3 also needs to be reduced as much as possible. The thickness is generally set to 0.4mm-2mm, preferably 1mm.

[0037] Furthermore, a feeding network 9 connected to the feeding probe 8 is also provided on the dielectric plate 1, and a gap is left between the feeding network 9 and the reflecting plate 2 to form an air microstrip network. The feeding network 9 routing is etched on the reverse side of the dielectric plate 1 (the feeding network 9 may also exist on the front side of the dielectric plate 1), and the upper and lower radiation plates are excited by coupling feeding or direct feeding through the feeding probe 8, so that the radiation unit can finally produce the expected radiation effect. In the specific implementation process, a convex block can be formed on the reverse side of the dielectric plate 1 or a dielectric block can be padded on the lower surface of the dielectric plate 1, so that there is a gap of a certain height between the feeding network 9 on the lower surface of the dielectric plate 1 and the reflecting plate 2, that is, the excited electromagnetic wave propagates in the air between the feeding network 9 and the reflecting plate 2, forming an air microstrip line form. Since the loss in the air is relatively small, this kind of air microstrip line feeding method can obtain a relatively high gain. The radiation unit frequency band provided in the embodiment of the present application is mainly for the mainstream 5G 3.3-4.2GHz, but is not limited to this frequency band. The radiation effects corresponding to other frequency bands can be obtained by appropriately scaling and optimizing the antenna size.

[0038] See also Figure 6 , is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the integrated antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application. A second aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides an integrated antenna, the integrated antenna comprising a plurality of independent transceiver sub-arrays, such as Figure 4 As shown in the figure, it is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the transceiver subarray provided in the embodiment of the present application, the transceiver subarray is composed of three integrated radiation units provided in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, that is, a three-in-one transceiver subarray, and the dielectric plate 1, groove 3, boss 4 and support 5 of the three integrated radiation units are integrally formed, thereby forming a massive array antenna (Massive MIMO). Figure 5 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the transceiver subarray provided in the embodiment of the present application. In actual application, the integrated radiating units are connected to each other through the feeding network 9. Specifically, the three integrated radiating units are connected on the diagonal lines through two feeding networks 9 respectively to form ±45° polarized feeding. Figure 5 In the embodiment, the main feeding port 10 is arranged at the outside of the array, and it can also be arranged in the middle, that is, the position of the main feeding port 10 can be designed according to specific needs.

[0039] It can be seen from the above technical scheme that an integrated radiation unit and antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application, the integrated antenna includes multiple independent transceiver sub-arrays, the transceiver sub-arrays include three integrated radiation units, the integrated radiation unit includes a dielectric plate 1, and a reflector 2 arranged parallel to the dielectric plate 1, a groove 3 is arranged on one side of the dielectric plate 1 facing the reflector 2, and a boss 4 is arranged on the other side whose position corresponds to the groove 3, the boss 4 is supported by a pillar 5 arranged on the dielectric plate 1, and the dielectric plate 1, the groove 3, the boss 4 and the pillar 5 are integrally formed; a lower radiation plate 6 is arranged at the bottom of the groove 3, an upper radiation plate 7 is arranged on the boss 4, and two feeding probes 8 forming a 45° polarization are also arranged on the dielectric plate 1, the feeding probe 8 is coupled to the lower radiation plate 6, and the lower radiation plate 6 is coupled or directly feeds the upper radiation plate 7.

[0040] In actual application, the dielectric plate 1, the groove 3, the boss 4 and the pillar 5 are manufactured through the integrated molding technology, and the upper and lower planes formed by the boss 4 and the groove 3 are respectively provided with an upper radiation sheet 7 and a lower radiation sheet 6. By ensuring the precise processing of the upper and lower radiation sheets, the size inconsistency problem caused by the welding process is avoided, thereby ensuring the reliability and consistency of the integrated radiation unit, that is, ensuring that the antenna composed of the integrated radiation unit has high reliability and consistency, thereby providing a smaller integrated radiation unit and antenna while meeting the bandwidth requirements of the 5G network, which can greatly reduce the defective rate in large-scale mass production and large-scale array use, and reduce the uncertainty of the antenna end of the transmitting and receiving signals, thereby providing a solid foundation for the rapid and reliable deployment of 5G base stations.

[0041] Similar parts between the embodiments provided in this application can be referenced to each other. The specific implementation methods provided above are only a few examples under the general concept of this application and do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of this application. For those skilled in the art, any other implementation methods expanded based on the scheme of this application without creative work belong to the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An integrated radiation unit, characterized in that: The invention comprises a dielectric plate (1) and a reflector (2) arranged parallel to the dielectric plate (1); a groove (3) is arranged on one side of the dielectric plate (1) facing the reflector (2); a boss (4) is arranged on the other side of the dielectric plate (1) at a position corresponding to the groove (3); the boss (4) is supported by a support (5) arranged on the dielectric plate (1); the dielectric plate (1), the groove (3), the boss (4) and the support (5) are integrally formed; A lower radiation sheet (6) is arranged at the bottom of the groove (3), an upper radiation sheet (7) is arranged on the boss (4), and two feeding probes (8) forming a 45° polarization are also arranged on the dielectric plate (1), the feeding probes (8) directly feed the lower radiation sheet (6), and the lower radiation sheet (6) is coupled to the upper radiation sheet (7).

2. The integrated radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the medium plate (1) is resin or plastic.

3. The integrated radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the medium plate (1) is 0.8 mm-1.5 mm.

4. The integrated radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the lower radiation sheet (6) and the upper radiation sheet (7) is 2 mm-6 mm.

5. The integrated radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the dielectric plate (1) and the reflective plate (2) is 0.8 mm to 2 mm.

6. The integrated radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the lower radiation sheet (6) and the reflection plate (2) is 3 mm to 5 mm.

7. The integrated radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom thickness of the groove (3) is 1 mm.

8. The integrated radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feeding network (9) connected to the feeding probe (8) is also provided on the dielectric plate (1), and a gap is left between the feeding network (9) and the reflecting plate (2), thereby forming an air microstrip network.

9. An integrated antenna, characterized in that: The integrated antenna comprises a plurality of independent transceiver sub-arrays, each of which comprises three integrated radiation units according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the dielectric plates (1), grooves (3), bosses (4) and pillars (5) of the three integrated radiation units are integrally formed.

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