Electric shovel buffer mechanism and electric shovel

Abstract

The present invention provides an electric shovel buffer mechanism and an electric shovel, relating to the technical field of electric shovels. The electric shovel buffer mechanism includes an input mechanism, a gas buffer mechanism, and an output mechanism. The gas buffer mechanism is disposed between the input mechanism and the output mechanism. The input mechanism is adapted to be transmission-connected to the gas buffer mechanism. The gas buffer mechanism is adapted to be transmission-connected to the output mechanism. The gas buffer mechanism is adapted to deform to mitigate impact transmitted by the input mechanism or the output mechanism. By disposing the gas buffer mechanism between the input mechanism and the output mechanism, the impact transmitted by the input mechanism or the output mechanism is mitigated by the gas buffer mechanism. In addition, since the gas buffer mechanism is transmission-connected to the input mechanism and the output mechanism, respectively, the gas buffer mechanism is also used for transmission and is part of the transmission system, thereby effectively reducing the impact of impact vibration on various components of the transmission system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric shovels, and in particular to an electric shovel buffer mechanism and an electric shovel. Background Art

[0002] At present, electric shovels are used as open-pit mining equipment in extremely harsh operating environments. During the excavation process, due to the extremely heavy weight and inertia of the bucket arm, bucket and materials in the bucket, the electric shovel will be subjected to a large impact when the bucket teeth encounter large pieces of material or relatively hard materials. Since the transmission method of existing electric shovels is gear meshing rigid transmission, the huge impact and vibration during operation are all borne by the rigid transmission components, resulting in a low service life and reliability of the transmission system components, high maintenance costs, and a great impact on production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The problem solved by the present invention is that the service life and reliability of various transmission system components of an electric shovel are relatively low.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides an electric shovel buffer mechanism, comprising an input mechanism, a gas buffer mechanism and an output mechanism, wherein the gas buffer mechanism is arranged between the input mechanism and the output mechanism, the input mechanism is suitable for being transmission-connected to the gas buffer mechanism, the gas buffer mechanism is suitable for being transmission-connected to the output mechanism, and the gas buffer mechanism is suitable for being deformed to alleviate the impact transmitted by the input mechanism or the output mechanism.

[0005] Furthermore, the gas cushioning mechanism includes an airbag, which is in transmission connection with the input mechanism and the output mechanism respectively when in a fully inflated state, and is in a disconnected state with the input mechanism and / or the output mechanism when in a non-inflated state.

[0006] Furthermore, the airbag is annular and is sleeved and fixed on the input mechanism or the output mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, the input mechanism includes a first friction ring, the output mechanism includes a second friction ring, the airbag is sleeved and fixed on the second friction ring, and the airbag abuts against the first friction ring when in a fully inflated state.

[0008] Furthermore, a rough portion is provided on the outer surface of the airbag, and a rough portion is also provided on the corresponding position where the first friction ring abuts against the airbag.

[0009] The present invention also provides an electric shovel, comprising any one of the above-described electric shovel buffer mechanisms.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a driving mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a bucket arm, the driving mechanism is suitable for being connected to the input mechanism of the electric shovel buffer mechanism, the output mechanism of the electric shovel buffer mechanism is suitable for being connected to the transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism is connected to the bucket arm.

[0011] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a motor, a first gear and a second gear, the motor is used to drive the first gear to rotate, the first gear is engaged with the second gear, and the second gear is suitable for transmission connection with the input mechanism of the electric shovel buffer mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism includes an intermediate gear shaft, a third gear, a pushing shaft and a fourth gear. The output mechanism of the electric shovel buffer mechanism is connected to the intermediate gear shaft. The intermediate gear shaft is provided with gear teeth. The intermediate gear shaft is meshed with the third gear. The third gear is connected to the pushing shaft. The fourth gear is provided on the pushing shaft. A rack is provided on the boom, and the fourth gear is meshed with the rack.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes an air intake valve and an air guide pipe, the air intake valve is arranged on the intermediate gear shaft, one end of the air guide pipe is suitable for connecting with the air intake valve, and the other end is suitable for connecting with the gas buffer mechanism of the electric shovel buffer mechanism.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: a gas buffer mechanism is provided between the input mechanism and the output mechanism, thereby alleviating the impact transmitted by the input mechanism or the output mechanism through the gas buffer mechanism; in addition, since the gas buffer mechanism is respectively connected to the input mechanism and the output mechanism in a transmission manner, the gas buffer mechanism is also used for transmission and is located in a link of the transmission system, thereby effectively reducing the impact of impact vibration on various components of the transmission system and improving the service life and reliability of various components of the transmission system; in addition, when the gas buffer mechanism is used for transmission, if the load of the corresponding bearing structure is too high, the gas buffer mechanism will undergo a large deformation during transmission, making it difficult to transmit, thereby protecting the motor and transmission components from damage due to overload and avoiding safety problems during transportation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of an electric shovel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a front view of the transmission system of the electric shovel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 A top view of the transmission system of an electric shovel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the intermediate stage mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 4 is a cross-sectional view of the output stage mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Description of reference numerals:

[0021] 1-input stage mechanism, 11-brake, 12-motor, 13-first gear, 2-intermediate stage mechanism, 21-airbag, 22-first friction ring, 23-second friction ring, 24-second gear, 25-intermediate gear shaft, 3-output stage mechanism, 31-third gear, 32-thrust shaft, 33-fourth gear, 4-arm, 5-bucket, 6-crane arm, 7-intake valve, 8-air duct. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0024] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0025] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, an electric shovel buffer mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an input mechanism, a gas buffer mechanism and an output mechanism. The gas buffer mechanism is arranged between the input mechanism and the output mechanism. The input mechanism is suitable for being transmission-connected with the gas buffer mechanism, and the gas buffer mechanism is suitable for being transmission-connected with the output mechanism. The gas buffer mechanism is suitable for being deformation-connected to alleviate the impact transmitted by the input mechanism or the output mechanism.

[0026] The gas buffer mechanism is a mechanism that can be filled with gas, and the gas inside the gas buffer mechanism can be compressed to cause the gas buffer mechanism to undergo elastic deformation. The input mechanism is a mechanism that inputs power, and the output mechanism is a mechanism that transmits power.

[0027] A gas buffer mechanism is provided between the input mechanism and the output mechanism, so that the impact transmitted by the input mechanism or the output mechanism is alleviated by the gas buffer mechanism. In addition, since the gas buffer mechanism is respectively connected to the input mechanism and the output mechanism in a transmission manner, the gas buffer mechanism is also used for transmission and is located in a link of the transmission system, thereby effectively reducing the impact of shock vibration on various components of the transmission system and improving the service life and reliability of various components of the transmission system. In addition, when the gas buffer mechanism is used for transmission, if the load of the corresponding bearing structure is too high, the gas buffer mechanism will undergo a large deformation during transmission, making it difficult to transmit, thereby protecting the motor 12 and the transmission components from damage due to overload and avoiding safety problems during transportation.

[0028] Preferably, if Figure 4 As shown, the gas cushioning mechanism includes an airbag 21, which is in a fully inflated state and is respectively connected to the input mechanism and the output mechanism in a transmission manner. When the airbag 21 is in a non-inflated state, it is in a non-connected state with the input mechanism and / or the output mechanism.

[0029] Among them, the fully inflated state refers to the state after the airbag 21 is filled with a specified volume of compressed air, and the non-inflated state refers to the state in which there is no gas in the airbag 21. However, it is difficult to achieve that there is no gas in the airbag 21 at all. Therefore, the non-inflated state can also refer to the state in which a small amount of gas exists in the airbag 21.

[0030] Specifically, the airbag 21 is a flexible rubber capsule filled with compressed air, which utilizes the compressibility of air to achieve elasticity. Therefore, when the airbag 21 is fully inflated, it is in an expanded state, has a large volume, is relatively resistant to significant deformation, and possesses a certain strength. Therefore, when the airbag 21 is fully inflated, it can effectively transmit power to the input and output mechanisms. However, when a significant impact force is transmitted from the input and / or output mechanisms, the air within the airbag 21 is compressed, causing the airbag 21 to deform to mitigate the impact. When the airbag 21 is in a non-inflated state, the airbag 21 is relatively small and prone to deformation. Therefore, when used for transmission, the transmission effect of the airbag 21 is poor. Therefore, when the airbag 21 is in a non-inflated state, it must be disconnected from the input and / or output mechanisms to avoid safety accidents.

[0031] Preferably, the airbag 21 is annular, similar to a swimming ring, and the airbag 21 is sleeved and fixed on the input mechanism or the output mechanism.

[0032] Specifically, by setting the airbag 21 in a ring shape, and sleeved and fixed on the input mechanism or the output mechanism, the airbag 21 can be transmitted by rotation. Taking the airbag 21 sleeved and fixed on the output mechanism as an example, when the input mechanism drives the airbag 21 to rotate, the output mechanism fixed thereto must rotate synchronously, thereby realizing the transmission effect of the airbag 21. When the airbag 21 rotates, its position does not change. Therefore, the space required for the ring-shaped airbag 21 is smaller, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the electric shovel buffer mechanism.

[0033] Preferably, if Figure 4 As shown, the input mechanism includes a first friction ring 22, the output mechanism includes a second friction ring 23, the airbag 21 is sleeved and fixed on the second friction ring 23, and the airbag 21 abuts against the first friction ring 22 when in a fully inflated state.

[0034] Specifically, the airbag 21 is sleeved on the second friction ring 23, and the airbag 21 is fixed to the second friction ring 23 by corresponding fasteners, so that the airbag 21 and the second friction ring 23 rotate synchronously. When the airbag 21 is in a fully inflated state, the outer surface of the airbag 21 abuts against the inner surface of the first friction ring 22. The first friction ring 22, the airbag 21, and the second friction ring 23 form a triple ring structure, wherein the first friction ring 22 is located at the outermost side, the airbag 21 is located in the middle, and the second friction ring 23 is located at the innermost side. Through the above arrangement, the contact area between the airbag 21 and the first friction ring 22 is larger when it is in a fully inflated state, so that the friction force between the airbag 21 and the first friction ring 22 is larger, so that the input mechanism drives the airbag 21 to rotate. In addition, by providing the second friction ring 23, the inner side of the second friction ring 23 can be provided, for example, in this embodiment Figure 4 The intermediate gear shaft 25 shown passes through, thereby further improving space utilization.

[0035] Preferably, a rough portion is provided on the outer surface of the airbag 21 , and a rough portion is also provided on the corresponding position where the first friction ring 22 abuts against the airbag 21 .

[0036] Specifically, by providing a rough portion on the outer surface of the airbag 21 and providing a rough portion at a corresponding position on the first friction ring 22, when the airbag 21 is in a fully inflated state, the friction coefficient between the airbag 21 and the first friction ring 22 is larger, thereby increasing the friction force between the airbag 21 and the first friction ring 22, and further improving the transmission effect between the airbag 21 and the first friction ring 22.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention also provides an electric shovel, comprising any electric shovel buffer mechanism as described above.

[0038] By setting up an electric shovel buffer mechanism as described above in the electric shovel, during the excavation process, when the bucket 5 encounters harder materials and unevenly distributed materials, impact vibration will be generated. Since the gas buffer mechanism is in a link of the transmission system, the generated impact vibration will be transmitted to the gas buffer mechanism. At this time, the gas buffer device alleviates the transmitted impact through deformation, thereby effectively reducing the impact of the impact vibration on the various components of the transmission system, thereby improving the service life and reliability of the various components of the transmission system; in addition, when the gas buffer mechanism is used for transmission, if the load of the bucket 5 is too high, the gas buffer mechanism will undergo a large deformation during transmission, making it difficult to transmit, thereby protecting the motor 12 and transmission components from damage due to overload and avoiding safety problems during transportation.

[0039] Preferably, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it also includes a driving mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a bucket arm 4. The driving mechanism is suitable for being connected to the input mechanism of the electric shovel buffer mechanism, the output mechanism of the electric shovel buffer mechanism is suitable for being connected to the transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism is connected to the bucket arm 4.

[0040] One end of the bucket arm 4 is transmission-connected to the transmission mechanism, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bucket 5 .

[0041] Specifically, by making the driving mechanism suitable for transmission connection with the input mechanism of the electric shovel buffer mechanism, and making the output mechanism of the electric shovel buffer mechanism suitable for transmission connection with the transmission mechanism, the electric shovel buffer mechanism is incorporated into the transmission system. When the bucket 5 encounters harder materials and unevenly distributed materials and generates impact vibration, the gas buffer mechanism of the electric shovel buffer mechanism can be used to buffer the impact vibration, thereby avoiding the gear meshing transmission from directly bearing the impact vibration, thereby causing damage to the gear.

[0042] Preferably, if Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the driving mechanism includes a motor 12, a first gear 13 and a second gear 24. The motor 12 is used to drive the first gear 13 to rotate. The first gear 13 is engaged with the second gear 24. The second gear 24 is suitable for being connected to the input mechanism of the electric shovel buffer mechanism.

[0043] Specifically, the motor 12 is used to drive the first gear 13 to rotate, and the first gear 13 engages with the second gear 24 to transmit power. The input mechanism is connected to the second gear 24 through a fastener to drive the input mechanism to rotate through the second gear 24, so that the input mechanism drives the airbag 21 and the output mechanism to rotate.

[0044] In this embodiment, the input mechanism includes a first friction ring 22, the output mechanism includes a second friction ring 23, and the gas buffer mechanism includes an airbag 21. The first friction ring 22 is connected to the second gear 24 via a fastener, and the second gear 24 is connected to the second friction ring 23 via a bearing, so that the second friction ring 23 is supported by the second gear 24 and the position of the second friction ring 23 is defined, and the second gear 24 can rotate relative to the second friction ring 23. The airbag 21 is arranged between the first friction ring 22 and the second friction ring 23 and is fixed to the second friction ring 23 via a fastener, so that the airbag 21 is supported by the second friction ring 23 and the position of the airbag 21 is defined.

[0045] Preferably, the transmission mechanism includes an intermediate gear shaft 25, a third gear 31, a pushing shaft 32 and a fourth gear 33. The output mechanism of the electric shovel buffer mechanism is transmission-connected to the intermediate gear shaft 25. The intermediate gear shaft 25 is provided with gear teeth. The intermediate gear shaft 25 is meshed with the third gear 31. The third gear 31 is transmission-connected to the pushing shaft 32. The fourth gear 33 is provided on the pushing shaft 32. The boom 4 is provided with a rack, and the fourth gear 33 is meshed with the rack.

[0046] Both ends of the intermediate gear shaft 25 are connected to the boom 6 by bearings, so that the intermediate gear shaft 25 is supported by the boom 6 and the intermediate gear shaft 25 can rotate relative to the boom 6.

[0047] Specifically, the second friction ring 23 and the intermediate gear shaft 25 are connected by a key to transmit power, the intermediate gear shaft 25 is engaged with the third gear 31 through the gear teeth set on the intermediate gear shaft 25 to transmit power, the third gear 31 and the pushing shaft 32 are connected by a key to transmit power, and the fourth gear 33 is provided at both ends of the pushing shaft 32 beyond the boom 6. The pushing shaft 32 and the fourth gear 33 are connected by a key to transmit power, and the fourth gear 33 is engaged with the rack on the boom 4 to transmit power. Through the above arrangement, the boom 4 can move relative to the boom 6, thereby controlling the movement of the bucket 5 and realizing the control of the excavation process.

[0048] In the above structure, both ends of the pushing shaft 32 are connected to the boom 6 via bearings, so that the pushing shaft 32 is supported by the boom 6 and can rotate relative to the boom 6 .

[0049] Preferably, it further comprises an air intake valve 7 and an air guide pipe 8, wherein the air intake valve 7 is provided on the intermediate gear shaft 25, one end of the air guide pipe 8 is suitable for being connected to the air intake valve 7, and the other end is suitable for being connected to the gas buffer mechanism of the electric shovel buffer mechanism.

[0050] Specifically, the intake valve 7 is provided on the end of the intermediate gear shaft 25 adjacent to the airbag 21. The high-pressure gas in the intake valve 7 enters the airbag 21 through the air duct 8, thereby inflating the airbag 21. As the air pressure increases, the contact pressure between the airbag 21 and the first friction ring 22 also increases, and the friction between the airbag 21 and the first friction ring 22 increases, thereby improving the transmission effect.

[0051] In this embodiment, when the electric shovel buffer mechanism is provided in the electric shovel, Figures 1 to 5 Taking the electric shovel shown in the figure as an example, its internal connection relationship is as follows:

[0052] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the push transmission system can be divided into three stages: input stage mechanism 1, intermediate stage mechanism 2 and output stage mechanism 3. The input stage mechanism 1, intermediate stage mechanism 2 and output stage mechanism 3 are all installed on the boom 6 assembly. Figure 3 As shown, the input stage mechanism 1 mainly includes a brake 11, a motor 12, and a first gear 13, wherein the brake 11 is mounted on one end of the motor 12, and the first gear 13 is mounted on the other end of the motor 12. The first gear 13 is driven to rotate by the motor 12.

[0053] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the intermediate-stage transmission mechanism includes a second gear 24, an electric shovel buffer mechanism and an intermediate gear shaft 25, and the output-stage transmission mechanism includes a third gear 31, a pushing shaft 32 and a fourth gear 33. The motor 12 is used to drive the first gear 13 to rotate, and the first gear 13 is engaged with the second gear 24. The input mechanism of the electric shovel buffer mechanism is fixedly connected to the second gear 24, and the second gear 24 is connected to the output mechanism of the electric shovel buffer mechanism through a bearing. The output mechanism of the electric shovel buffer mechanism is connected to the intermediate gear shaft 25 through a key. The intermediate gear shaft 25 is provided with gear teeth, and the intermediate gear shaft 25 is engaged with the third gear 31. The third gear 31 is connected to the pushing shaft 32 through a key. The fourth gear 33 is provided on the pushing shaft 32. The bucket arm 4 is provided with a rack, and the fourth gear 33 is engaged with the rack.

[0054] In the above structure, the input mechanism includes the first friction ring 22 , the output mechanism includes the second friction ring 23 , and the gas buffer mechanism includes the airbag 21 .

[0055] During excavation, the electric shovel engages brake 11, inflates airbag 21, and simultaneously energizes motor 12. Power is transmitted to the intermediate transmission mechanism through the meshing of first gear 13 and second gear 24. Second gear 24 then drives first friction ring 22. Due to the high friction between the inflated airbag 21 and the first friction ring 22, friction between them synchronizes the airbag 21 and second friction ring 23. Second friction ring 23 then drives intermediate gear shaft 25 via a keyed connection. The teeth of intermediate gear shaft 25 mesh with third gear 31, transmitting power. Third gear 31, via a keyed connection, drives push shaft 32, which in turn drives fourth gear 33. This, combined with the gear and rack transmission, allows the arm 4 and bucket 5 to be pushed out and retracted, achieving excavation.

[0056] In application, multiple electric shovel buffer mechanisms can be set in the electric shovel. At the same time, the electric shovel buffer mechanism is not limited to the position described in the above embodiment. The electric shovel buffer mechanism can be inserted between the two transmission components of the transmission system. The shape and structure of the electric shovel buffer mechanism can be adaptively changed according to the setting position.

[0057] Although the present disclosure is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and these changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A buffer mechanism for an electric shovel, characterized in that: The device comprises an input mechanism, a gas buffer mechanism and an output mechanism, wherein the gas buffer mechanism is provided between the input mechanism and the output mechanism, the input mechanism is adapted to be transmission-connected to the gas buffer mechanism, the gas buffer mechanism is adapted to be transmission-connected to the output mechanism, and the gas buffer mechanism is adapted to deform to alleviate the impact transmitted by the input mechanism or the output mechanism; The gas cushioning mechanism comprises an airbag (21), wherein the airbag (21) is in a fully inflated state and is respectively in a transmission connection with the input mechanism and the output mechanism; and when the airbag (21) is in a non-inflated state, it is in a non-connected state with the input mechanism and / or the output mechanism. The airbag (21) is an annular flexible rubber bag; the input mechanism includes a first friction ring (22), the output mechanism includes a second friction ring (23), the airbag (21) is sleeved and fixed on the second friction ring (23), and the airbag (21) abuts against the first friction ring (22) when in a fully inflated state; The input mechanism is used for transmission connection of the gear set, and the airbag is suitable for connecting to an external air source; The outer surface of the airbag (21) is provided with a rough portion, and the corresponding position where the first friction ring (22) abuts against the airbag (21) is also provided with a rough portion.

2. An electric shovel, characterized in that: It comprises the electric shovel buffer mechanism as claimed in claim 1.

3. The electric shovel according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a driving mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a bucket arm (4), wherein the driving mechanism is suitable for being transmission-connected with the input mechanism of the electric shovel buffer mechanism, the output mechanism of the electric shovel buffer mechanism is suitable for being transmission-connected with the transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism is transmission-connected with the bucket arm (4).

4. The electric shovel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a motor (12), a first gear (13) and a second gear (24); the motor (12) is used to drive the first gear (13) to rotate; the first gear (13) is meshed with the second gear (24); and the second gear (24) is suitable for transmission connection with the input mechanism of the electric shovel buffer mechanism.

5. The electric shovel according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism includes an intermediate gear shaft (25), a third gear (31), a pushing shaft (32) and a fourth gear (33); the output mechanism of the electric shovel buffer mechanism is connected to the intermediate gear shaft (25); the intermediate gear shaft (25) is provided with gear teeth; the intermediate gear shaft (25) is meshed with the third gear (31) through the gear teeth; the third gear (31) is connected to the pushing shaft (32); the fourth gear (33) is provided on the pushing shaft (32); the bucket arm (4) is provided with a rack; the fourth gear (33) is meshed with the rack.

6. The electric shovel according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes an air intake valve (7) and an air guide pipe (8), wherein the air intake valve (7) is arranged on the intermediate gear shaft (25), and one end of the air guide pipe (8) is suitable for being connected to the air intake valve (7), and the other end is suitable for being connected to the gas buffer mechanism of the electric shovel buffer mechanism.

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