Automatic piercing device and upper and lower piercing machine and method suitable for mushroom sticks

Abstract

The present invention is an automatic piercing device suitable for mushroom sticks, comprising a bag grabbing mechanism, a translation mechanism, a rotating mechanism and a piercing mechanism; a plurality of bag grabbing claws are installed on the bag grabbing power mechanism; the translation bracket is slidably connected to the translation slide rail installed on the piercing frame through a translation slider, and the translation power mechanism is installed on the piercing frame; the rotating shaft is installed on the translation bracket through a bearing seat, the bag grabbing power mechanism is installed on the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected to the rotating power mechanism through a rotating transmission mechanism; the piercing mechanism comprises a piercing power mechanism, a piercing platform, a punching plate and a piercing needle installed on the punching plate. The present invention also discloses a piercing machine and a piercing method suitable for automatically loading and unloading mushroom sticks. The piercing device of the present invention has a reasonable structural design, is easy to use, has a high degree of automation, and has good equipment stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a device for cultivating edible fungi, in particular to an automatic piercing device suitable for mushroom sticks; the invention also relates to an automatic upper and lower shelf piercing machine and an upper and lower shelf piercing method suitable for mushroom sticks. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, some edible mushroom sticks need to be pierced with air holes during the cultivation process, such as shiitake mushrooms. The prior art mushroom stick piercing operation equipment and method are as follows: the inoculated mushroom sticks are transported to the cultivation room, and the mushroom sticks are manually placed on the stacking shelves one by one for spawn cultivation. After a certain number of days of cultivation, the mushroom sticks are manually taken out from the shelves one by one, and pierced with a piercing needle. After the piercing is completed, the mushroom sticks are manually put back into the original shelves one by one.

[0003] In this method in the prior art, the mushroom sticks are put on and off the shelves and the holes are pierced manually. This method is inefficient, complicated to operate, and labor-intensive for workers. When taking out the mushroom sticks located on the shelves, workers need to step on the ladder, which greatly increases the risk factor. Therefore, this method is no longer suitable for the needs of modern production of edible mushrooms. Research on an automated piercing device has important practical significance. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide an automatic piercing device suitable for mushroom sticks, which has reasonable structural design, high automation and high production efficiency.

[0005] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an automatic loading and unloading piercing machine suitable for mushroom sticks, which can automatically take out the mushroom sticks from the grid rack, pierce holes and then load them into the grid rack.

[0006] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an automatic upper and lower rack piercing method for automatically taking out mushroom sticks from a grid rack, piercing holes and then loading them into the grid rack, which is particularly suitable for mushroom sticks.

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution. The present invention is an automatic piercing device suitable for mushroom sticks, comprising a piercing frame, and its characteristics are: the device also includes:

[0008] The bag grabbing mechanism includes a plurality of bag grabbing power mechanisms arranged in a row; a plurality of bag grabbing claws are installed on the bag grabbing power mechanisms;

[0009] Translation mechanism: including a translation power mechanism and a translation bracket, the translation bracket is slidably connected to a translation slide rail installed on the piercing frame through a translation slider, the translation slider or the translation bracket is fixedly installed on the power output of the translation power mechanism, and the translation power mechanism is installed on the piercing frame;

[0010] Rotating mechanism: comprising a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is mounted on the translation bracket through a bearing seat, the bag grabbing power mechanism is mounted on the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected to the rotating power mechanism through a rotating transmission mechanism;

[0011] The puncture mechanism comprises a puncture power mechanism, a puncture platform, a punching plate and a puncture needle installed on the punching plate. The punching plate is installed on the power output of the puncture power mechanism, and the puncture platform is installed on the puncture frame below the puncture needle.

[0012] The piercing device for mushroom sticks described in the present invention has a further preferred technical solution: the translation power mechanism includes a reduction motor, the reduction motor is drivingly connected to a synchronous belt, and the translation slider or the translation bracket is fixedly installed on the synchronous belt;

[0013] Or the translation power mechanism is a double-stroke translation cylinder installed on the puncture frame, and the piston rod of the translation cylinder is fixedly connected to the translation bracket;

[0014] Or the translation power mechanism adopts two front and rear translation cylinders, the front translation cylinder is installed on the puncture frame, the rear translation cylinder is installed on the piston rod of the front translation cylinder, and the piston rod of the rear translation cylinder is fixedly connected to the translation bracket.

[0015] The piercing device suitable for mushroom sticks described in the present invention has a further preferred technical solution: the grabbing power mechanism is a grabbing cylinder or a grabbing electric cylinder; the plurality of grabbing cylinders or grabbing electric cylinders are arranged in a row on the same horizontal line.

[0016] The piercing device suitable for mushroom sticks described in the present invention has a further preferred technical solution: the piercing mechanism also includes a package pressing plate, which is connected to the perforated plate through an elastic pressure head, and the package pressing plate is also provided with a plurality of through holes for the piercing needles to pass through.

[0017] The piercing device suitable for mushroom sticks described in the present invention has a further preferred technical solution: the pressing plate is fixed to the guide sleeve through a guide shaft, the guide sleeve is fixed to the perforated plate, and a compression spring is provided between the guide shaft and the guide sleeve.

[0018] A further preferred technical solution of the piercing device suitable for mushroom sticks described in the present invention is that a supporting plate for supporting the mushroom sticks is installed on the piercing platform.

[0019] The piercing device suitable for mushroom sticks described in the present invention has a further preferred technical solution: a bag supporting mechanism cooperating with the bag grabbing power mechanism is also provided on the side of the piercing platform, and the bag supporting mechanism includes a bag supporting plate and a bag supporting cylinder, and the bag supporting plate is installed on the piston rod of the bag supporting cylinder.

[0020] The piercing device suitable for mushroom sticks described in the present invention has a further preferred technical solution: the rotating power mechanism is a rotating motor, the rotating transmission mechanism is a gear rack mechanism, a driven gear meshing with the rack is installed on the rotating shaft, a driving gear meshing with the rack is installed on the power output shaft of the rotating motor, and the rack is slidably installed on the piercing frame through a slider and rail mechanism.

[0021] The present invention also discloses a piercing machine suitable for automatically loading and unloading mushroom sticks, which is characterized in that the automatic piercing machine also includes a frame, a lifting power mechanism and the piercing device described above;

[0022] The puncture frame of the puncture device is slidably mounted on the lifting guide rail of the frame through a lifting slide block; the lifting power mechanism is drivingly connected with the puncture frame.

[0023] The piercing machine suitable for automatic loading and unloading of mushroom sticks described in the present invention has a further preferred technical solution: the lifting power mechanism includes a lifting motor, and the lifting motor is connected to the piercing frame through a sprocket chain mechanism; the lifting guide rails are symmetrically installed on the frame, and the lifting sliders fixed on the sides of the piercing frame are respectively slidably connected to the symmetrical lifting guide rails.

[0024] The piercing machine suitable for automatic loading and unloading of mushroom sticks described in the present invention has a further preferred technical solution: the automatic loading and unloading piercing machine is also provided with a counterweight mechanism, the counterweight mechanism is connected to the piercing frame through a chain, the counterweight mechanism is slidably connected to the counterweight slide rail through pulleys installed on both sides thereof, and the counterweight slide rail is installed on the frame; a plurality of connecting bolts are respectively installed on the counterweight mechanism and the piercing frame, and the chain connects the counterweight mechanism and the piercing frame through the connecting bolts.

[0025] The present invention also discloses an automatic upper and lower shelf piercing method applicable to mushroom sticks, which is characterized in that the method adopts the automatic upper and lower shelf piercing machine, and the steps are as follows:

[0026] (1) The lifting power mechanism and the translation power mechanism are started to drive the bag grabbing claw to reach the periphery of the end of the mushroom stick to be punctured on the grid frame, and the bag clamping power mechanism is started to drive the bag clamping claw to clamp the mushroom bag; the lifting power mechanism and the translation power mechanism are started to drive the mushroom stick to be placed on the puncturing platform;

[0027] (2) The rotating power mechanism is started, driving the rotating shaft to rotate. The mushroom bag realizes a certain degree of circumferential rotation under the drive of the rotating shaft. The piercing power mechanism drives the piercing needle of the piercing mechanism downward to pierce the mushroom stick once. The above-mentioned action is repeated, and the mushroom stick is rotated to another circumferential angle and pierced a second time. This operation is repeated until several rows of air holes are pierced on the mushroom stick. After the piercing is completed, the rotating power mechanism drives the mushroom stick to rotate back to the original position;

[0028] (3) The lifting power mechanism and the translation power mechanism are started, and the clamping claw drives the punctured mushroom sticks to be loaded back into the grid frame and then detached;

[0029] Repeat the above steps to puncture holes in all the mushroom bags on the grid rack.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. The piercing device of the present invention has a reasonable structure design, is easy to use, and has a high degree of automation. It can realize automatic circumferential piercing of mushroom sticks. Depending on the number of piercing rows, the efficiency can reach 4000-8000 sticks / hour, which is about 10 times the manual efficiency. The equipment has good stability.

[0032] 2. The automatic loading and unloading piercing machine of the present invention is cleverly designed and can be used in conjunction with a grid frame to realize the removal of mushroom sticks from the grid frame, rotation of an angle, piercing, rotation of an angle again, piercing, and finally placing the mushroom sticks back on the grid frame. It fully realizes automated operation and has high production efficiency. It saves a lot of labor, reduces the labor intensity of workers, turns heavy manual operations into automated operations, and saves production costs.

[0033] 3. The automatic upper and lower shelf piercing machine and the automatic upper and lower shelf piercing method of the present invention can take out and put back the mushroom sticks from the grid rack without manual climbing of the ladder, thereby reducing the risk factor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an automatic piercing device suitable for mushroom sticks;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a rear view structural schematic diagram of an automatic piercing device suitable for mushroom sticks;

[0036] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a local enlarged structure;

[0037] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an automatic piercing device suitable for mushroom sticks;

[0038] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a bag grabbing cylinder and a bag grabbing claw;

[0039] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a piercing machine suitable for automatically loading and unloading mushroom sticks;

[0040] Figure 7 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of a piercing machine suitable for automatically loading and unloading mushroom sticks;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the hole distribution after the fungus bag is punctured. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The specific technical solutions of the present invention are further described below to help those skilled in the art further understand the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation on the rights thereof.

[0043] Example 1, reference Figure 1 -5. An automatic piercing device suitable for mushroom sticks, comprising a piercing frame 1, and:

[0044] Grab bag mechanism: including several grab bag power mechanisms arranged in a row; several grab bag claws 13 are installed on the grab bag power mechanism; the grab bag power mechanism is a grab bag cylinder 12; the grab bag claw 13 can also be installed with an anti-sliding block 6, refer to Figure 5 .

[0045] Translation mechanism: including a translation power mechanism and a translation bracket 21, the translation bracket 21 is slidably connected to a translation slide rail 28 installed on the puncture frame 1 through a translation slider 27, the translation slider 27 or the translation bracket 21 is fixedly installed on the power output of the translation power mechanism, and the translation power mechanism is installed on the puncture frame 1;

[0046] Rotating mechanism: comprising a rotating shaft 11, the rotating shaft 11 is mounted on the piercing frame 1 through a bearing seat, the bag grabbing cylinder 12 is mounted on the rotating shaft 11, and the rotating shaft 11 is connected to the rotating power mechanism through a rotating transmission mechanism;

[0047] The puncture mechanism comprises a puncture power mechanism, a puncture platform 22, a punching plate 24 and a puncture needle 25 mounted on the punching plate 24, wherein the punching plate 24 is mounted on the power output of the puncture power mechanism, and the puncture platform 22 is mounted on the puncture frame 1 below the puncture needle 25. The puncture power mechanism can be a puncture cylinder 26.

[0048] The rotary power mechanism can adopt a rotary motor 3, and the rotary transmission mechanism is a gear rack mechanism. A driven gear 2 meshing with a rack 7 is installed on the rotary shaft 11, and a driving gear 5 meshing with the rack 7 is installed on the power output shaft 4 of the rotary motor 3. The rack 7 is slidably installed on the puncture frame 1 through a slider rail mechanism (8, 9).

[0049] The translation power mechanism may adopt a reduction motor, which is connected to the synchronous belt drive, and the translation slider 27 or the translation bracket 21 is fixedly mounted on the synchronous belt;

[0050] The translation power mechanism may also be a double-stroke translation cylinder installed on the puncture frame 1, and the piston rod of the translation cylinder is fixedly connected to the translation bracket 21;

[0051] Reference Figure 1The translation power mechanism can also use two front and rear translation cylinders, the front translation cylinder 20 is installed on the puncture frame 1, the rear translation cylinder 19 is installed on the piston rod of the front translation cylinder 20, and the piston rod of the rear translation cylinder 19 is fixedly connected to the translation bracket 21.

[0052] Horizontal translation is achieved through a translational power mechanism, a dynamic bag grabbing mechanism and a pseudo-rotational mechanism.

[0053] The bag grabbing power mechanism can also use a bag electric cylinder;

[0054] Several grabbing cylinders or grabbing electric cylinders are arranged in a row on the same horizontal line, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 .

[0055] Reference Figure 1 The piercing mechanism also includes a packing pressing plate 29, which is connected to the punching plate 24 through an elastic pressing head, and is provided with a plurality of through holes for the piercing needles 25 to pass through; the elastic pressing head includes a guide shaft 17 and a guide sleeve 16, the packing pressing plate 29 is fixed to the guide sleeve 16 through the guide shaft 17, the guide sleeve 16 is fixed to the punching plate 24, and a compression spring 30 is provided between the guide shaft 17 and the guide sleeve 16. The packing pressing plate 29 is used to flatten the mushroom sticks to facilitate the punching operation.

[0056] A supporting plate 23 for supporting the bacteria sticks can also be installed on the piercing platform 22 to better support the bacteria sticks.

[0057] A bag supporting mechanism cooperating with the bag grabbing cylinder 12 is also provided on the side of the piercing platform 22, and the bag supporting mechanism includes a bag supporting plate 15 and a bag supporting cylinder 14, and the bag supporting plate 15 is installed on the piston rod of the bag supporting cylinder 14. This setting is mainly to reserve a rotation position space for the bag grabbing claw 13, so that the piercing and rotation do not interfere with each other. When the mushroom stick needs piercing support, the bag supporting plate 15 is raised, and when no support is needed, the bag supporting plate 15 is lowered. The bag supporting mechanism can make the piercing operation more stable.

[0058] Example 2, reference Figure 6 , Figure 7 , a piercing machine suitable for automatically loading and unloading mushroom sticks, the automatic piercing machine also includes a frame 32, a lifting power mechanism 33 and the piercing device 10 described in Example 1;

[0059] The puncturing frame 1 of the puncturing device 10 is slidably mounted on the lifting guide rail 39 of the frame 32 via a lifting slider 40 ; the lifting power mechanism 33 is drivingly connected to the puncturing frame 1 .

[0060] The lifting power mechanism adopts a lifting motor, which is connected to the piercing frame 1 through a sprocket chain mechanism; the lifting guide rails 39 are symmetrically installed on the frame 32, and the lifting sliders 40 fixed on the sides of the piercing frame 1 are slidably connected to the symmetrical lifting guide rails 39.

[0061] The automatic upper and lower piercing machine is also provided with a counterweight mechanism, wherein the counterweight mechanism 31 is connected to the piercing frame 1 through a chain, and the counterweight mechanism 31 is slidably connected to the counterweight slide rail through pulleys installed on both sides thereof, and the counterweight slide rail is installed on the frame 39; a plurality of connecting bolts 41 are respectively installed on the counterweight mechanism 31 and the piercing frame 1, and a chain connects the counterweight mechanism 31 and the piercing frame 1 through the connecting bolts 41.

[0062] Example 3, an automatic piercing method for mushroom sticks, the method uses the automatic piercing machine described in Example 2, and the steps are as follows:

[0063] (1) The lifting power mechanism and the translation power mechanism are started to drive the bag grabbing claw 13 to reach the outer periphery of the end of the mushroom stick 18 to be punctured on the grid frame 38, and the bag clamping power mechanism is started to drive the bag clamping claw 13 to clamp the mushroom bag 18; the lifting power mechanism and the translation power mechanism are started to drive the mushroom stick 18 to be placed on the puncturing platform;

[0064] (2) The rotating power mechanism is started, driving the rotating shaft 11 to rotate. The mushroom bag 18 realizes a certain degree of circumferential rotation driven by the rotating shaft 11. The piercing power mechanism drives the piercing needle 25 of the piercing mechanism downward to pierce the mushroom stick 18 once. The above-mentioned action is repeated, and the mushroom stick 18 is rotated by another circumferential angle and pierced a second time. This operation is repeated until several rows of air holes are pierced on the mushroom stick 18. After the piercing is completed, the rotating power mechanism drives the mushroom stick 18 to rotate back to the original position.

[0065] (3) The lifting power mechanism and the translation power mechanism are started, and the clamping claw drives the punctured mushroom sticks to be loaded back into the grid frame 38 and then detached;

[0066] Repeat the above operation to puncture all the mushroom bags 18 on the grid frame 38.

[0067] The grid rack 38 can be transported by the transport mechanism 34 to achieve fully automated operation.

[0068] Reference Figure 8 The ventilation holes 36 pierced on the mushroom stick 18 are 6 rows, and the holes are staggered at the positions of the inoculation holes 35. This is more conducive to the fruiting of the mushroom stick.

Claims

1. An automatic loading and unloading piercing machine suitable for mushroom sticks, characterized in that: The automatic upper and lower piercing machine also includes a frame, a lifting power mechanism and a piercing device; the piercing device includes a piercing frame, which is slidably mounted on the lifting guide rail of the frame through a lifting slider; The lifting power mechanism is drivingly connected to the piercing frame; The piercing device also includes: The bag grabbing mechanism includes a plurality of bag grabbing power mechanisms arranged in a row; a plurality of bag grabbing claws are installed on the bag grabbing power mechanisms; The translation mechanism includes a translation power mechanism and a translation bracket, wherein the translation bracket is slidably connected to a translation slide rail through a translation slider, and the translation slide rail is installed on the piercing frame; the translation slider or the translation bracket is fixedly installed on the power output of the translation power mechanism, and the translation power mechanism is installed on the piercing frame; Rotating mechanism: comprising a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is mounted on the translation bracket through a bearing seat, the bag grabbing power mechanism is mounted on the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected to the rotating power mechanism through a rotating transmission mechanism; The puncture mechanism includes a puncture power mechanism, a puncture platform, a punching plate and a puncture needle installed on the punching plate, wherein the punching plate is installed on the power output of the puncture power mechanism, and the puncture platform is installed on the puncture frame below the puncture needle; The piercing mechanism also includes a package pressing plate, which is connected to the perforated plate through an elastic pressing head, and is also provided with a plurality of through holes for the piercing needles to pass through; the elastic pressing head includes a guide shaft and a guide sleeve, the package pressing plate is fixed to the guide sleeve through the guide shaft, the guide sleeve is fixed to the perforated plate, and a compression spring is provided between the guide shaft and the guide sleeve; A supporting plate for supporting mushroom sticks is also installed on the puncture platform; A bag supporting mechanism cooperating with the bag grabbing power mechanism is also arranged on the side of the piercing platform. The bag supporting mechanism comprises a bag supporting plate and a bag supporting cylinder. The bag supporting plate is arranged on the piston rod of the bag supporting cylinder.

2. The automatic loading and unloading piercing machine for mushroom sticks according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The translational power mechanism includes a reduction motor, which is drivingly connected to a synchronous belt, and a translational slider or a translational bracket is fixedly mounted on the synchronous belt; Or the translation power mechanism is a double-stroke translation cylinder installed on the puncture frame, and the piston rod of the translation cylinder is fixedly connected to the translation bracket; Or the translation power mechanism adopts two front and rear translation cylinders, the front translation cylinder is installed on the puncture frame, the rear translation cylinder is installed on the piston rod of the front translation cylinder, and the piston rod of the rear translation cylinder is fixedly connected to the translation bracket.

3. The automatic loading and unloading piercing machine for mushroom sticks according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bag grabbing power mechanism is a bag grabbing air cylinder or a bag grabbing electric cylinder; a plurality of bag grabbing air cylinders or bag grabbing electric cylinders are arranged in a row on the same horizontal line.

4. The automatic loading and unloading piercing machine for mushroom sticks according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rotating power mechanism is a rotating motor, and the rotating transmission mechanism is a gear rack mechanism. A driven gear meshing with the rack is installed on the rotating shaft, and a driving gear meshing with the rack is installed on the power output shaft of the rotating motor. The rack is slidably installed on the puncture rack or the translation bracket through a slider and rail mechanism.

5. The automatic loading and unloading piercing machine for mushroom sticks according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lifting power mechanism comprises a lifting motor, which is connected to the piercing frame through a sprocket chain mechanism; the lifting guide rails are symmetrically installed on the frame, and the lifting sliders fixed on the side of the piercing frame are respectively slidably connected to the symmetrical lifting guide rails.

6. The automatic loading and unloading piercing machine for mushroom sticks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic upper and lower piercing machine is also provided with a counterweight mechanism, which is connected to the piercing frame through a chain, and the counterweight mechanism is slidably connected to the counterweight slide rail through pulleys installed on both sides of the counterweight mechanism, and the counterweight slide rail is installed on the frame; a plurality of connecting bolts are respectively installed on the counterweight mechanism and the piercing frame, and the chain connects the counterweight mechanism and the piercing frame through the connecting bolts.

7. A method for automatically piercing mushroom sticks on and off shelves, characterized in that: The method uses the automatic upper and lower piercing machine described in any one of claims 1 to 6, and the steps are as follows: (1) Starting the lifting power mechanism and the translation power mechanism to drive the grabbing claw to reach the periphery of the end of the mushroom stick to be pierced on the grid frame, starting the clamping power mechanism to drive the clamping claw to clamp the mushroom stick; the lifting power mechanism and the translation power mechanism are started to drive the mushroom stick to be placed on the piercing platform; (2) The rotating power mechanism is started, driving the rotating shaft to rotate. The mushroom stick realizes a certain degree of circumferential rotation under the drive of the rotating shaft. The piercing power mechanism drives the piercing needle of the piercing mechanism downward to pierce the mushroom stick once. The above-mentioned action is repeated, and the mushroom stick is rotated to another circumferential angle and pierced a second time. This operation is repeated until several rows of air holes are pierced on the mushroom stick. After the piercing is completed, the rotating power mechanism drives the mushroom stick to rotate back to the original position; (3) The lifting power mechanism and the translation power mechanism are started, and the clamping claw drives the punctured mushroom sticks to be loaded back into the grid rack and then detached; the above operation is repeated to puncture all the mushroom sticks on the grid rack.

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