Assembly tools

Abstract

Disclosed is an assembly tool (1) for a bearing ring (26) having a roller member (28), wherein the assembly tool (1) has a ring (2) and a sliding element (6), wherein the ring (2) is constructed to be arranged on the side of the bearing ring (26), wherein the ring (2) has a receiving member (4) for the sliding element (6), and wherein the sliding element (6) is distributed on the outer circumference in a uniform manner around the ring (2), and the sliding element (6) is constructed to be able to shift from a starting position to an end position relative to the ring (2), wherein the sliding element (6) is also constructed to be arranged between two roller members (28) in the end position in each case to limit the radial mobility of the roller member (28) relative to the bearing ring (26).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an assembly tool for mounting a bearing ring with a roller element according to the preamble of patent claim 1. The invention also relates to a method for mounting a bearing with an inner ring and an outer ring according to the preamble of patent claim 11. The invention also relates to a bearing with an inner ring and an outer ring according to patent claim 12 and a hub unit with two tapered roller bearings for a turbine according to patent claim 13. Background Art

[0002] For tapered roller bearing arrangements in turbines, such as those used to support the main shaft of a wind turbine, tapered roller bearings with a one-piece cage are currently used. In turbine applications, where the tapered roller bearings are used in an O-shaped arrangement and have a diameter of several meters, it is not possible to rotate the turbine to assemble the second tapered roller set of the O-shaped arrangement due to the size of the turbine. Therefore, the tapered roller bearing located at the top in the final arrangement is previously provided with a cage so that the outer ring can be assembled first, and then the inner ring can be inserted with the roller member held by the cage in the case of a narrow bottom diameter. However, in the case of such an upside-down assembly, the use of a one-piece bearing cage is necessary, because in the absence of such a bearing cage or in the case of a bearing cage with separate cage cavity segments, the roller member may fall out during assembly.

[0003] In contrast, single-piece cages ensure the self-retention function of the tapered rollers during assembly and thus enable the inner ring with the tapered roller set to be assembled in an upturned position. However, these solid cages are very expensive to manufacture and often require additional elements on the bearing inner ring, such as a specific surface topography of the guide surface, which results in additional costs. In addition, the guidance of the cage on the inner ring or tapered rollers may be subject to sliding contact, which may increase the wear of the bearing. Summary of the invention

[0004] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide the possibility of using bearings with cage segments for such turbine applications, or to manufacture the bearings as full type roller bearings.

[0005] This object is achieved by using an assembly tool for installing a bearing ring with a roller component according to technical solution 1, a method for installing a bearing with an inner ring and an outer ring according to technical solution 11, a bearing with an inner ring and an outer ring according to technical solution 12, and a hub unit with two tapered roller bearings for a turbine according to technical solution 13.

[0006] An assembly tool for mounting a bearing ring with a roller member has a ring configured to be arranged on a side of the bearing ring. The bearing ring may be a bearing inner ring or a bearing outer ring. The ring of the assembly tool may be configured in an integral manner or in a segmented manner.

[0007] The assembly tool also has sliding elements, wherein the sliding elements are distributed around the ring in a uniform manner on the periphery ( / peripherally). The ring has a receiving member for the sliding elements. In this case, the sliding elements can be displaced in the axial direction relative to the ring and / or in the radial direction relative to the ring. The number of sliding elements can be equal to the number of roller members. As another option, it is also possible to provide fewer sliding elements than roller members. In both cases, all or only a part of the sliding elements (for example, every other one) can be displaced to the end position.

[0008] The receiving member can be made in any way, for example, the receiving member can be made as a through-opening (such as a hole ( / bore), milling hole) or other manufacturing types. The sliding element can be displaced from a starting position to an end position, in which the assembly tool can be moved and the sliding element is not displaced relative to the ring, wherein in the end position, the sliding element is completely displaced relative to the ring, for example, the sliding element is completely pushed through the through-opening.

[0009] Typically, a bearing is provided with an already mounted outer ring and inner ring and a roller member arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring. To mount the bearing, the assembly tool is placed on the bearing ring, in particular the large diameter of the inner ring, and the sliding element is moved into its end position. The bearing ring can now be lifted from the bearing together with the assembly tool and the roller member, and the two bearing rings can be mounted separately from each other.

[0010] As a further option, the assembly tool can be placed on a bearing ring, in particular the large diameter of the inner ring, which can be provided with roller components alone or in combination with cage segments, and the sliding elements can be shifted stepwise into their final position.

[0011] In both cases, with the assembly tool, the bearing ring with the roller components forms a configuration that can be moved as a whole, in particular, the configuration can be placed on the hub unit as a whole without the roller components falling off the bearing ring. To this end, the sliding element is configured to be configured between the two roller components in the end position in each case ( / each). Due to this configuration of the sliding element, the radial movability ( / radial movement / radial movement capacity) of the roller component relative to the bearing ring can be limited. In this case, the sliding element assumes the function of a bearing cage, so that the roller component is fixed between the sliding element and the bearing ring. Therefore, the use of a one-piece bearing cage can be omitted. Alternatively, the bearing can be configured to have a full roller type, or independent cage segments can be used. Such cage segments can each accommodate one or more roller components. In addition, instead of the cage segments, spacers can be arranged between the roller components.

[0012] In this way, a compact module comprising a bearing ring and a roller member and an assembly tool can be formed. The module can be inserted as a whole into, for example, an outer ring. The module comprising a bearing ring, a roller member and an assembly tool can be inserted into a bearing arrangement or can also be removed from the bearing arrangement again.

[0013] According to an embodiment, if the bearing ring is a bearing inner ring, the sliding elements are arranged in their end position between the two roller members and the raceway of the outer ring, in a free space radially outside the pitch diameter. As an alternative, the bearing ring can be an outer ring, wherein the sliding elements are arranged in their end position between the two roller members and the raceway of the inner ring, in a free space radially inside the pitch diameter. Due to this arrangement, it can be ensured that the roller members cannot be removed from the inner ring or the outer ring.

[0014] According to another embodiment, the sliding elements are displaceable in an angular manner relative to the annular surface (of the ring). In this case, the sliding elements form a frustoconical shape in their end position, wherein the frustoconical shape is based on the frustoconical shape formed by the roller axis. Thus, the diameter of the circle formed by the sliding elements in their starting position is greater than the diameter of the circle formed by the sliding elements in their end position, and vice versa.

[0015] According to another embodiment, the assembly tool has a centering element to center the ring on the outer diameter of the guide flange of the bearing ring. Due to the centering element, an exact radial positioning of the assembly tool relative to the bearing ring can be ensured.

[0016] According to another embodiment, the receiving member is configured as a through-hole, in particular, the receiving member is configured as an elongate hole. Due to the configuration as an elongate hole, the sliding element can be displaced in the circumferential direction. In this way, a limited adaptation of the sliding element in the circumferential direction can be achieved to compensate for the different intervals between the roller members. For example, such different intervals can be caused by the accumulation of initial roller member play in the circumferential direction. Due to such an elongate hole, different thermal expansion of the sliding element and the roller member can also be achieved, especially when they are made of different materials. Instead of using an elongate hole, the through-hole can also correspond precisely to the size of the sliding element.

[0017] According to another embodiment, the sliding elements each comprise two pins. The two pins may be connected to each other at one or both ends by a corresponding connecting element, for example a connecting element in the form of a plate. The connecting element may be larger than the through-opening in the ring, thereby making it impossible to pull the sliding element out of the through-opening and / or to completely push it through the through-opening.

[0018] According to another embodiment, the assembly tool has a fixing element (or fixing means) to fix the ring to the bearing ring. For example, such a fixing means can be designed as a clamping device ( / clamping device) or a screw device. Due to such a fixing means, the fixing of the assembly tool on the bearing ring can be ensured. In addition, the ring can be fixed to the bearing ring in a rotatable manner. For this purpose, for example, rollers can be provided and the rollers can rotate the ring relative to the bearing ring.

[0019] According to another embodiment, the assembly tool has a spacing member for adjusting the axial spacing between the ring and the bearing ring, and / or a spacing member for adjusting the radial spacing between the sliding element and the raceway of the roller member. For example, the spacing member can be configured as an adjustable spacing member so that the axial spacing between the ring and the bearing ring and / or the radial spacing between the sliding element and the raceway of the roller member can be adjusted in a variable manner. In this way, the assembly tool can be used for roller members of various sizes.

[0020] According to another embodiment, the assembly tool has a retaining element (or retaining component) to retain the sliding elements in their starting position and / or end position and / or one or more intermediate positions. Such retaining components can be configured as locking elements. For example, the retaining element can be a pin or a rod, which can be moved by the retaining plate of the sliding element to retain the sliding elements in their upper position or lower position, i.e., the starting position or the end position. As an option, the retaining component can be a clamping device, a screw device, etc. For example, the retaining component can be configured as a spring-pretensioned pin. Using such a retaining component, it can be ensured that the sliding elements will not be displaced from their starting position to their end position in an undesirable manner, and vice versa.

[0021] According to another embodiment, the ring is made of metal, and / or the sliding element is made of plastic material or metal. If the sliding elements are made of plastic material, they can be slightly elastic, thereby further adapting the roller component or the radial play or circumferential play of the roller component.

[0022] According to another aspect, a method for mounting a bearing having an inner ring and an outer ring is proposed. The method has the following steps: configuring the inner ring; configuring a roller component on the inner ring; configuring the above-mentioned assembly tool on the inner ring; shifting the sliding elements of the assembly tool to their respective end positions so that the sliding elements are configured in each case ( / each) between the two roller components to limit the radial movement of the roller components relative to the bearing ring (i.e., to prevent the roller components from falling out); inserting the inner ring together with the assembly tool and the roller components onto a sleeve or shaft and / or into an outer ring; removing the assembly tool. In particular, the sleeve or shaft can be an element of a hub unit of a turbine.

[0023] In order to remove the inner ring from the sleeve or shaft again, the assembly tool can be fitted to the inner ring again and the sliding element can be pushed through to hold the roller member on the inner ring. The inner ring can then be removed together with the roller member and the assembly tool.

[0024] By using the assembly tool, a one-piece cage can be omitted, since the sliding element assumes the function of the bearing cage so that the roller member is fixed between the sliding element and the bearing ring. The bearing can be constructed as a full type roller bearing, or separate cage segments can be used. Due to this assembly method, the bearing ring and the roller member can be moved as a whole without a one-piece cage. This is particularly desirable for applications with large roller bearings, such as turbines as described above.

[0025] According to another aspect, a bearing is provided, the bearing having an inner ring and an outer ring, wherein a roller member is arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring. In particular, the bearing can be installed using the above-mentioned installation method.

[0026] According to another aspect, a hub unit for a turbine is provided, the hub unit having two tapered roller bearings arranged in an O-configuration, wherein the tapered roller bearings each have an inner ring and an outer ring, between which a tapered roller is respectively arranged. At least one of the tapered roller bearings is mountable using the above-described mounting method, whereby a one-piece cage is not required. Alternatively, as described in more detail above, the bearings may be configured as full-length roller bearings, or the bearings may use cage segments.

[0027] Further advantages and advantageous embodiments are explained in the description, the drawings and the claims. In this case, the combinations of features explained in the description and the drawings are merely exemplary, so that the features may also exist alone or in different combinations.

[0028] The present invention is intended to be described in more detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. In this case, the embodiments and the combinations shown in the embodiments are merely exemplary and are not intended to determine the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope is limited only by the attached claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In the attached picture:

[0030] Figure 1 It is a stereogram of the assembly tool;

[0031] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A three-dimensional detail view of a sliding element of an assembly tool;

[0032] Figure 3 is another stereogram of the assembly tool;

[0033] Figure 4is a stereogram of the configuration of the assembly tool and the bearing ring;

[0034] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a hub unit of a turbine with an assembly tool positioned;

[0035] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A cutaway perspective view of a wheel hub unit;

[0036] Figure 7 The inner ring of the bearing is installed Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of a hub unit;

[0037] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 a cutaway perspective view of a wheel hub unit; and

[0038] Fig. 9 The sliding element has been pulled out Figure 8 A cutaway stereogram of a wheel hub unit.

[0039] In the following, the same reference numerals are used for the same elements or elements having the same function.

[0040] Reference numerals list

[0041] 1 Assembly tools

[0042] 2 rings

[0043] 4 Receiving components / through-holes

[0044] 6 Sliding element

[0045] 8 Support surface

[0046] 10 Handle

[0047] 12 Part 1

[0048] 14 Middle section

[0049] 15 Components

[0050] 16 Pins

[0051] 17 Bump

[0052] 18 Connecting plate

[0053] 20 Support plate

[0054] 22 Centering parts

[0055] 23 Guide flange

[0056] 24. Retaining parts

[0057] 25 Latch

[0058] 26 Bearing inner ring

[0059] 28 Roller component

[0060] 30 substrate

[0061] 32 Hub Unit

[0062] 34 Tapered roller bearings

[0063] 36 Tapered roller bearings

[0064] 38 Inner Circle

[0065] 40 sleeve / shaft

[0066] 42 Roller Components

[0067] 44 outer ring

[0068] 46 seats

[0069] 48 outer ring DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] Figure 1 is a perspective view of an assembly tool 1. The assembly tool 1 has a ring 2. A receiving member or through-opening 4 is provided in the ring, through which a sliding element 6 can be pushed. Preferably, the through-opening 4 is in the form of an elongate opening. In these elongate openings 4, the sliding element 6 can move in the circumferential direction to compensate for the circumferential play between the roller members. The through-opening 4 has a support surface 8, on which the sliding element 6 rests.

[0071] Sliding element 6 (in Figure 2 4 ) comprises a holding handle 10, which is connected to a first tubular portion 12 of the sliding element 6. The first portion 12 is connected to two pins 16 via an intermediate portion 14. The pins 16 are arranged below the ring 2 and can be displaced along the through opening 4. The sliding element 6 has a connecting plate 18 at its lower end. The connecting plate 18 is used to connect the two pins 16 to each other at their lower ends. At the other end (i.e. the upper end), the two pins 16 are connected to each other via the intermediate portion 14.

[0072] The intermediate part 14 serves to define the end position of the sliding elements 6. In this case, the intermediate part 14 is constructed in such a way that it has a support plate 20. This support plate 20 rests on the support plate 8 of the ring 2 when the sliding elements 6 are pushed into their end position.

[0073] Below the support plate 20, the pin 16 of the sliding element 6 extends through an additional element 15. This element 15 can be displaced along the pin 16 and serves to define a starting position for the sliding element 6. In the starting position, the projection 17 of the element 15 runs into the ring 2 and the sliding element 6 cannot be pulled further out of the through-opening 4. Due to the element 15 or its projection 17, it is possible to determine how far the sliding element 6 can be pulled out of the ring 2.

[0074] To fit the assembly tool 1 to the bearing ring, the ring 2 has centering parts 22. The centering parts 22 configured as edges serve to arrange the assembly tool 1 on the bearing ring, wherein the centering parts 22 abut against the outside of the bearing ring, for example against a guide flange of the bearing ring.

[0075] Although the assembly tool is configured in the drawings in such a manner that it can be arranged on the inner ring of the bearing, the assembly tool 1 may also be configured in such a manner that it can be connected to the outer ring of the bearing.

[0076] Figure 3 is another perspective view of the assembly tool 1. As shown here, the assembly tool 1 has retaining parts 24. These retaining parts 24 are used to lock the sliding elements in their starting position and / or end position. For example, the retaining parts 24 can each have a latch 25 engaged in the sliding element 6 to hold them in their end position. To this end, in the end position, the latch 25 can be moved via the middle part 14 to fix the position of the middle part 14. For example, the retaining parts 24 can be configured as spring-pretensioned pins engaged in transverse holes in the sliding element 6 or balls engaged in grooves in the sliding element 6.

[0077] Figure 4A perspective view of an assembly tool 1 arranged on a bearing ring 26 is shown. In this case, the bearing ring 26 is the inner ring of a bearing. The inner ring 26 is provided with roller components 28. In the embodiment shown here, the assembly tool 1 has been completely arranged on the bearing ring 26, wherein the sliding element 6 is located in its end position. As can be seen here, in each case the sliding element 6 is arranged between two roller components 28 of the bearing ring 26 in its end position. In this case, the roller components 28 are spaced apart by cage segments 30. In this case, the cage segments 30 are constructed in such a way that in each case one cage segment 30 is arranged for every other roller component 28, wherein the base plate 30 connects two walls or webs of the cage segments 30. The sliding elements 6 are arranged in their end position above the pitch diameter of the roller components 28. In this way, the sliding elements 6 are constructed to hold the roller components 28 on the bearing ring 26 in their end position. By using the assembly tool 1, a one-piece cage can be dispensed with, and instead, as shown here, cage segments can be used. As an option, the bearing can also be constructed as a full type roller bearing. Since the assembly tool 1 assumes the function of a retainer and fixes the roller member 28 to the bearing ring 26, the bearing ring 26 can move with the roller member 28 without causing the roller member 28 to fall off.

[0078] Reference Figures 5 to 9 , a method for assembling the bearing ring 26 using the assembly tool 1 will now be described.

[0079] The assembly of the bearing ring 26 shown here is to assemble the inner ring 26 on the sleeve or shaft 40 of the hub unit 32 of the turbine. The hub unit 32 has two tapered roller bearings 34, 36 arranged in an O-shaped configuration. In this case, the tapered roller bearings 34, 36 are mounted on the hub unit 32 only from one side, that is, from the tapered roller bearing 36 side.

[0080] The tapered roller bearing 34 has an inner ring 38 that is assembled to a sleeve or shaft 40. When mounting the tapered roller bearing 34, the roller member 42 can be arranged on the inner ring 38 in a simple manner because the roller member 42 cannot fall down due to the O-shaped arrangement. Then, the outer ring 44 is assembled to the roller bearing 34. Then, the seat ( / housing) 46 can be assembled to protect the bearing.

[0081] In order to now mount the bearing 36, it is necessary to rotate the hub unit 36, which is difficult to implement due to its size (measured in multiple meters in diameter). As an alternative, the bearing 36 must also be mounted from above in the same way as the bearing 34. However, in this case, the roller members 28 cannot be assembled to the bearing inner ring 26 to insert them into the outer ring 48, because in this case the roller members would fall out due to gravity, so a one-piece cage had to be used previously to hold the roller members 28 on the bearing ring 26. However, this can be prevented by the assembly tool 1.

[0082] like Figures 5 to 8 As shown, the assembly tool 1 is placed on the bearing ring 26 and the sliding element 6 is displaced to its end position. Due to this positioning of the assembly tool 1, the roller member 28 is held on the bearing ring 26, as shown in FIG. Figures 1 to 3 Such a module comprising the assembly tool 1, the bearing inner ring 26 and the roller member 28 can now be simply assembled to the sleeve 40. In this case, as Figure 5 As shown, the bearing outer ring 48 may already be configured.

[0083] like Figure 6 As shown, the bearing inner ring 26 can be assembled with the roller members 28 and the assembly tool 1 as a compact module onto the sleeve 40 . As shown here, the centering part 22 of the assembly tool 1 abuts the guide flange 23 of the inner ring 26 .

[0084] Figure 7 The final positioning of the module comprising the assembly tool 1 , the bearing inner ring 26 and the roller member 28 is shown. Figure 8 It is a perspective view showing the final positioning of the assembly tool 1 , the bearing inner ring 26 , the roller member 28 and the outer ring 48 .

[0085] Once the bearing rings 26, 48 and the roller members 28 are correctly positioned, the assembly tool 1 can be removed again. Fig. 9 It is shown in Fig. 9 It is shown how the sliding element 6 is pulled out of the assembled bearing arrangement. After the sliding element 6 has been pulled out, the assembly tool 1 can be removed again in a simple manner.

[0086] Using the assembly tool shown here, bearing rings with roller components can be assembled simply without using a cage or at least without using a one-piece cage.

Claims

1. An assembly tool (1) for a bearing ring (26) having a roller member (28), It is characterized in that The assembly tool (1) comprises a ring (2) and a sliding element (6), wherein the ring (2) is configured to be arranged on the side of the bearing ring (26), wherein the ring (2) has a receiving member (4) for the sliding element (6), and the sliding elements (6) are distributed on the outer circumference around the ring (2) in a uniform manner, and the sliding element (6) is configured to be able to shift from a starting position to an end position relative to the ring (2), and the sliding element (6) is also configured to be arranged between two roller members (28) in the end position in each case to limit the radial mobility of the roller members (28) relative to the bearing ring (26); the receiving member (4) is configured as an elongated hole.

2. The assembly tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing ring (26) is an inner ring, and the sliding elements (6) are arranged in their end positions between the two roller components (28) and the raceway of the outer ring (48), in a free space radially outside the pitch circle diameter, or the bearing ring (48) is an outer ring, and the sliding elements (6) are arranged in their end positions between the two roller components (28) and the raceway of the inner ring (26), in a free space radially inside the pitch circle diameter.

3. The assembly tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The sliding elements (6) are displaceable in an angular manner relative to the annular surface, such that the sliding elements (6) form a frustoconical shape in their end position.

4. The assembly tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The assembly tool (1) has a centering element (22) for centering the ring (2) on the outer diameter of the guide flange (23) of the bearing ring (26).

5. The assembly tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The receiving component is designed as a through-opening.

6. The assembly tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The sliding elements (6) each comprise two pins connected to each other at least at one end.

7. The assembly tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The assembly tool (1) has fixing means for fixing the ring (2) to the bearing ring (26).

8. The assembly tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The assembly tool (1) has a spacing member for adjusting the axial spacing between the ring (2) and the bearing ring (26), and / or a spacing member for adjusting the radial spacing between the sliding element (6) and the raceway of the roller member (28).

9. The assembly tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The assembly tool (1) has retaining elements for retaining the sliding elements (6) in their starting position and / or end position and / or one or more intermediate positions.

10. The assembly tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The ring (2) is made of metal, and / or the sliding element (6) is made of plastic material and / or metal.

11. A method for mounting a bearing (36), the bearing (36) having an inner ring (26) and an outer ring (48), a roller member (28) being arranged between the inner ring (26) and the outer ring (48), characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: The inner ring (26) is configured, The roller member (28) is arranged on the inner ring (26), Arranged on the inner ring (26) is an assembly tool (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, displacing the sliding elements (6) of the assembly tool (1) into their respective end positions so that the sliding elements (6) are arranged in each case between two roller members (28) in order to limit the radial mobility of the roller members (28) relative to the inner ring (26), inserting the inner ring (26) together with the assembly tool (1) and the roller member (28) onto a sleeve or shaft (40) and / or into the outer ring (48), and / or Remove the assembly tool (1).

12. A bearing (36) comprising an inner ring (26) and an outer ring (48), wherein a roller member (28) is arranged between the inner ring (26) and the outer ring (48), characterized in that: The bearing (36) is mounted by the method for mounting a bearing according to claim 11.

13. A hub unit (32) for a turbine, the hub unit (32) having two tapered roller bearings (34, 36) arranged in an O-configuration, wherein: The tapered roller bearings (34, 36) each have an inner ring (38, 26) and an outer ring (44, 48), and in each case a tapered roller (42, 28) is arranged between the inner ring (38, 26) and the outer ring (44, 48), characterized in that at least one (36) of the tapered roller bearings (34, 36) is installed by the method for installing a bearing according to claim 11.

Images