Method and apparatus for controlling the power supply of a network node

Abstract

The embodiments described herein provide a method and an apparatus for controlling the switching of the power supply of a first network node between a power grid and an alternative power supply, the first network node being configured to transmit data to a second network node via a data transmission link. The method includes receiving first information indicating a predicted decrease in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node via the data transmission link; and in response to receiving the first information, transmitting a first request to switch the power supply of the first network node from the power grid to the alternative power supply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments described herein relate to methods and apparatuses for controlling the switching of the power supply of network nodes in a communication network, such as a telecommunications network or a data transmission network. Background Art

[0002] In a communication network, such as a telecommunications network, network nodes included within the communication network are communicatively interconnected via a data transmission link or an electrical connection. In some examples, the data transmission link may provide an optical link between the network node pair. The optical link may allow optical signals to be transmitted from and received by each of the interconnected network nodes of the network node pair, respectively. Thus, the interconnected network nodes may communicate via the data transmission link, and data may be transmitted between the interconnected network nodes along the data transmission link.

[0003] The transmission rate in the data transmission link may increase as the intensity of the optical signal being transmitted along the data transmission link increases. In some examples, the transmission rate may increase with the intensity of the optical signal being transmitted until a maximum transmission rate is reached when the intensity of the optical signal reaches a threshold level. Thus, in order to maximize the transmission rate through the data transmission link, it may be desirable to maintain the optical signal intensity at or above the threshold level in order to maintain the maximum transmission rate.

[0004] Figure 1 An example of a communication network 100 is shown. The communication network 100 includes a first network node 101 and a second network node 102. Both the first network node 101 and the second network node are configured to be powered by an electrical power grid configured to supply power to the first network node 101 and the second network node 102, respectively. The first network node 101 and the second network node 102 are communicatively interconnected via a data transmission link 103. In this example, the data transmission link 103 provides an optical link between the first network node 101 and the second network node 102.

[0005] The communication network 100 further includes a network operation center NOC 104. The NOC 104 is configured to communicate with the first network node 101 and the second network node 102, respectively. The NOC may monitor and remotely control the power supply of network nodes and network nodes configured to communicate with it.

[0006] The NOC may be configured to communicate with a plurality of network nodes.

[0007] The first network node 101 and the second network node 102 may be eNodeBs. If both the first network node 101 and the second network node 102 are eNodeBs, the first network node 101 and the second network node 102 may communicate using, for example, the X2 interface.

[0008] If the network nodes within a communication network (e.g., Figure 1 the communication network 100 shown in

[0009] ) are connected to and powered by a power grid, the power supplied from the power grid may fluctuate during certain time periods.

[0010] Accordingly, during these time periods, the optical signal intensity across the data transmission link connecting the network nodes supplied by the power grid may fluctuate. If the optical signal intensity drops below a threshold level of the optical signal intensity during these fluctuations, the transmission rate across the data transmission link may decrease.

[0011] These fluctuations in the power supplied by the power grid may be due to an insufficient size of the power grid, which means that, for example, the power supply will be unstable during peak hours. In another example, the cables interconnecting the network nodes and the power grid may be old or damaged due to the sun and weather. This may result in physical cracks in the cables that may develop over time and cause a short circuit of the current, for example, during rain, which may lead to fluctuations in the supplied power.

[0012] Figure 2 A communication network 200 is shown, which includes a first network node 201, a second network node 202, a third network node 203, and a fourth network node 204. In this example, the fourth network node 204 acts as a "hub" network node. The fourth network node 204 is configured to communicate with the first network node 201 via a first data transmission link 205, communicate with the second network node 202 via a second data transmission link 206, and communicate with the third network node 203 via a third data transmission link 207. In this example, the first, second, and third data transmission links 205, 206, and 207 respectively provide optical links between the fourth network node 204 and the first network node 201, between the fourth network node 204 and the second network node 202, and between the fourth network node 204 and the third network node 203.

[0013] Each of a first network node 201, a second network node 202, a third network node 203, and a fourth network node 204 is configured to be connected to a power grid (not shown).

[0014] The first network node 201, the second network node 202, the third network node 203, and the fourth network node 204 may be eNodeBs. If both of two network nodes connected by one of the above data transmission links are eNodeBs, the connected eNodeB pair may communicate along the data transmission link using an X2 interface.

[0015] In this example, the fourth network node 204 is configured to be connected to a network operation center NOC 208 via a fifth data transmission link 209. In this example, the fifth data transmission link 209 provides an optical link between the fourth network node 204 and the NOC 208. In this example, the NOC 208 is configured to provide control of two fourth network nodes 204 ("hub" sites), and is also configured to control each of the first network node 201, the second network node 202, and the third network node 203 ("base station" sites).

[0016] At some network operation centers NOCs, it is possible to manually switch the power supply of a network node from the power grid to some alternative power supply in order to isolate the network node from fluctuations in the power supplied from the power grid.

[0017] However, since this is a manual and reactive process, it may take a significant amount of time to detect (or may not detect) that the power supply of the network node is fluctuating. Due to this, the isolation of the network node from the fluctuating power supply may occur with some delay (or may not even occur), resulting in a degraded transmission rate across the data transmission link and compromising the quality of experience of the end user. Summary of the Invention

[0018] According to some embodiments, there is provided a method for controlling switching of a power supply of a first network node between a power grid and an alternative power supply, the first network node being configured to transmit data to a second network node via a data transmission link. The method includes receiving first information indicating a predicted decrease in a transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node via the data transmission link; and in response to receiving the first information, transmitting a first request to switch the power supply of the first network node from the power grid to the alternative power supply.

[0019] According to some embodiments, there is provided a method for controlling switching of a power supply of a first network node between a power grid and an alternative power supply, the first network node being configured to transmit data to a second network node via a data transmission link. The method includes transmitting an indication of a charge level of the alternative power supply to a power control network node; and receiving, from the power control network node, a request to switch the power supply of the first network node from the power grid to the alternative power supply.

[0020] According to some embodiments, there is provided a power control network node for controlling switching of a power supply of a first network node between a power grid and an alternative power supply, the first network node being configured to transmit data to a second network node via a data transmission link. The power control network node includes an interface; and a processor, wherein the processor is operable to receive first information indicating a predicted decrease in a transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node via the data transmission link; and in response to receiving the first information, transmit a first request to switch the power supply of the first network node from the power grid to the alternative power supply to the first network node.

[0021] According to some embodiments, there is provided a first network node for controlling switching of a power supply of the first network node between a power grid and an alternative power supply, the first network node being configured to transmit data to a second network node via a data transmission link. The first network node includes an interface; and a processor, wherein the processor is operable to transmit an indication of a charge level of the alternative power supply to a power control network node; and receive, from the power control network node, a request to switch the power supply of the first network node from the power grid to the alternative power supply. Description of the Drawings

[0022] For a better understanding of the present invention and to show how it may be implemented, reference will now be made, by way of example only, to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0023] Figure 1 An example of a communication network is shown;

[0024] Figure 2 An example of a communication network is shown;

[0025] Figure 3 An example of fluctuations in signal strength of a signal received on a data transmission link over time is shown;

[0026] Figure 4 A method for controlling switching of a power supply of a first network node between a power grid and an alternative power supply according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0027] Figure 5shows a method for controlling the switching of the power supply of a first network node between a power grid and an alternative power source according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 6 is a block diagram schematically depicting an example of a communication network 600 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0029] Figure 7 shows an example of a sequence diagram for controlling the switching of the power supply of a network node between a power grid and an alternative power source;

[0030] Figure 8 shows an example of a sequence diagram for controlling the switching of the power supply of a network node between a power grid and an alternative power source;

[0031] Figure 9 shows a flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 10 shows a power control network node including a processing circuit (or logic) according to some embodiments;

[0033] Figure 11 shows a first network node including a processing circuit (or logic) according to some embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following description illustrates example embodiments according to the present disclosure. Further example embodiments and implementations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Additionally, those skilled in the art will recognize that various equivalent techniques may be applied instead of or in combination with the embodiments discussed below, and all such equivalents should be considered to be covered by the present disclosure.

[0035] The following sets forth specific details, such as particular embodiments for purposes of explanation and not limitation. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that other embodiments may be employed in addition to these specific details. In some instances, detailed descriptions of well-known methods, nodes, interfaces, circuits, and devices are omitted so as not to obscure the description with unnecessary detail. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the described functionality may be implemented using hardware circuitry (e.g., analog and / or discrete logic gates interconnected to perform a dedicated function, ASICs, PLAs, etc.) in one or more nodes and / or using software programs and data in conjunction with one or more digital microprocessors or general purpose computers, the one or more digital microprocessors or general purpose computers being particularly adapted to perform the processing disclosed herein based on execution of such programs. Nodes that communicate using an air interface also have appropriate radio communication circuitry. Additionally, the technology may also be considered to be fully embodied in any form of computer-readable memory, such as solid-state memory, disk, or optical disk, containing an appropriate set of computer instructions that would cause a processor to perform the techniques described herein.

[0036] Hardware implementations may include or encompass, but are not limited to, digital signal processor (DSP) hardware, reduced instruction set processors, hardware (e.g., digital or analog) circuitry including, but not limited to, one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) and / or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), and (where appropriate) state machines capable of performing such functions.

[0037] In terms of computer implementation, a computer is generally understood to include one or more processors, one or more processing modules, or one or more controllers, and the terms computer, processor, processing module, and controller may be used interchangeably. When provided by a computer, processor, or controller, the functionality may be provided by a single dedicated computer or processor or controller, by a single shared computer or processor or controller, or by multiple separate computers or processors or controllers, some of which may be shared or distributed. Additionally, the term "processor" or "controller" also refers to other hardware capable of performing such functions and / or executing software, such as the example hardware recited above.

[0038] The description relates to communication between network nodes, which may include a plurality of optical network nodes. However, the network nodes may include radio access nodes as defined by 3GPP (e.g., eNodeB (eNB)), or gNodeB (gNB) as utilized in future standards expected to meet 5G requirements. However, it will be appreciated that the concepts described herein may relate to any network node. Further, in cases where the following description refers to steps taken in or by a network node, this also includes the possibility of performing some or all of the processing and / or decision-making steps in a device that may be physically separate from but logically connected to the radio antenna of a radio access node. Thus, in cases where processing and / or decision-making is implemented "in the cloud", the relevant processing device is considered to be part of the radio access node for these purposes.

[0039] The embodiments described herein provide methods and apparatus for switching the power of a network node that conveys information to another network node via a data transmission link. In particular, the embodiments described herein mitigate the above-described problems associated with unstable transmission rates caused by problems with the power supply of the transmitting network node.

[0040] Figure 3 An example of the fluctuation of the signal strength of a signal received on a data transmission link (e.g., data transmission link 103 as shown Figure 1 is shown) over time is presented.

[0041] The dashed line indicates a threshold level T below which the transmission rate via the data transmission link will drop below the maximum transmission rate.

[0042] In this example, between time t o and t1, the signal strength in the data transmission link remains at a constant value S1, where this constant value exceeds the threshold level T of the signal strength. During this period, the signal strength in the data transmission link remains constant at a value above the threshold level T, thus helping to ensure that the transmission rate remains at the maximum transmission rate.

[0043] At time t1, the signal strength in the data transmission link begins to fluctuate. These fluctuations in the signal strength may be due to fluctuations in the power supplied from the power grid to the network nodes interconnected via the data transmission link. At time t2, the signal strength drops below the threshold level T of the signal strength. At time t2, this drop in the signal strength can be an indication that the transmission rate across the data transmission link will decrease.

[0044] This indication that a reduction in transmission rate may occur can result in an alert being generated at a network node (e.g., the second network node 102) that is receiving data over a data transmission link. It will be appreciated that both network nodes in a pair of network nodes communicating over a data transmission link (e.g., the first network node 101 and the second network node 102) can be configured to transmit and receive data over the data transmission link. In other words, it will be appreciated that the data transmission link can be bidirectional.

[0045] Between times t2 and t3, the signal strength in the data transmission link continues to fluctuate between values above a threshold level T of the signal strength and values below the threshold level T of the signal strength. As described above, the transmission rate across the data transmission link may be reduced during a time period in which the signal strength is below the threshold level T of the signal strength.

[0046] Accordingly, for times between t2 and t3, where the signal strength fluctuates above and below the threshold level T of the signal strength, the transmission rate across the data transmission link may also fluctuate between a maximum rate and a reduced rate. Accordingly, a burst of alerts may be generated at a network node that is receiving data over the data transmission link. For example, an alert may be generated whenever the signal strength drops below the threshold level T.

[0047] At time t4, the fluctuations in signal strength end. For the time period between times t4 and t5, the signal strength in the data transmission link again remains at a constant value S1, where the value of S1 exceeds the threshold level T. During this time period between t4 and t5, the signal strength in the data transmission link remains constant at a value above the threshold level T, thereby helping to ensure that the transmission rate remains at the maximum transmission rate.

[0048] At time t5, a second period of signal strength fluctuations begins and ends at time t6. Similar to that described for the time period between t1 and t4, where the signal strength in the data transmission line drops between threshold levels T, these fluctuations above and below the threshold level T can indicate a decrease in the transmission rate.

[0049] Figure 4 A method for controlling the power supply of a first network node to switch between a power grid and an alternative power source is shown in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 4 The method shown can be implemented, for example, in a network node (such as the second network node 102) configured to receive data transmitted over a data transmission link. Alternatively, the method can be implemented in a network node configured to communicate with a second network node, where the second network node is configured to receive data transmitted over the data transmission link, such network node being, for example, the NOC 104. Alternatively, Figure 4The method shown in can be implemented by any suitable network node or combination of network nodes included within a communication network such as communication network 100.

[0050] Although it will be appreciated that Figure 4 the method of can be performed by a second network node 102, NOC 104, or any suitable network node or combination of network nodes included within a suitable communication network (e.g., communication network 100), the method will be described below with reference to being performed by a network node Figure 4 the method of .

[0051] In Figure 4 step 401 of , the network node receives first information that indicates a predicted reduction in the transmission rate of data transmitted by a first network node (e.g., first network node 101) over a data transmission link (e.g., data transmission link 103).

[0052] In some embodiments, the network node may predict future signal strength fluctuations based on the received first information. In some embodiments, in response to the prediction of future signal strength fluctuations meeting a predetermined criterion, the network node may determine that the received first information indicates a predicted reduction in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node over the data transmission link.

[0053] In some embodiments, the received first information may include one or more of the following: an indication of signal strength received at a second network node (e.g., such as second network node 102), an indication of weather conditions at the location of the first network node, an indication of a weather forecast at the location of the first network node, and an indication of an unstable supply of power from the power grid.

[0054] In some embodiments, the indication of an unstable supply of power from the power grid may include a calendar statistic. For example, the calendar statistic may include a timestamp from which hour, weekday, month, or other calendar-related information can be extracted. The calendar statistic may indicate peak times of the power grid, or other times when the power grid is experiencing high load, and may thus indicate a potential unstable supply of power from the power grid.

[0055] In step 403, in response to receiving the first information, the network node transmits a first request to the first network node to switch the power supply of the first network node from the power grid to an alternative power supply.

[0056] Figure 5A method for controlling the switching of the power supply of a first network node between a power grid and an alternative power source according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The method may be implemented in the first network node (e.g., the first network node 101), which is configured to transmit data to a second network node via a data transmission link.

[0057] In step 501, the first network node transmits an indication of the charge level of the alternative power source to a power control network node (e.g., the second network node 102 or the NOC 104).

[0058] In step 503, the first network node receives a request to switch the power supply of the first network node from the power grid to the alternative power source from the power control network node.

[0059] In some examples, the first network node determines that the charge level of the alternative power source exceeds a first threshold level in response to receiving the request, and in response to determining that the charge level of the alternative power source exceeds the threshold level, switches the power supply of the first network node from the power grid to the alternative power source. In other words, in some embodiments, the first network node may switch the power supply to the alternative power source only if the charge level of the alternative power source is high enough.

[0060] Figure 6 is a block diagram schematically depicting an example of a communication network 600 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the communication network 600 may include the above-mentioned first network node 101, second network node 102, and NOC 104.

[0061] In this example, the communication network 600 includes a data collector 601, a prediction model 602, and a power stability controller PSC 603. The data collector 601, prediction model 602, and PSC 603 may be included within a network operation control node (such as the NOC 104). Alternatively, the data collector 601, prediction model 602, and PSC 603 may be included within any suitable network node (such as the second network node 102).

[0062] Thus, in some embodiments, the method described with respect to Figure 4 may be executed by the second network node 102, and in some embodiments, the method may be executed by the NOC 104. In some embodiments, the functionality required to execute Figure 4 may be split across many nodes in the network, for example, split across the NOC 104 and the second network node 102.

[0063] The communication network 600 further includes a first battery monitor 604 and a first power controller 605. The first battery monitor 604 and the first power controller 605 may be included within the first network node 101.

[0064] In some embodiments, Figure 4 step 401 of the method of Figure 4 may include data collector 601 receiving first information that indicates a predicted reduction in the transmission rate of data transmitted by first network node 101 over data transmission link 103. Data collector 601 may receive the first information from second network node 102. In some embodiments, the received first information may include an indication of the signal strength of data transmission received at the second network node over data transmission link 103. For example, the indication of signal strength may include an alert generated at second network node 102 when the received signal strength drops below a predetermined threshold (e.g., as shown in Figure 3 ). Figure 3 as shown in Figure 3 .

[0065] In some embodiments, data collector 601 receives the first information from one or more external sources. For example, the received first information may include an indication of weather conditions at the location of first network node 101. In some embodiments, an indication of weather conditions at the location of first network node 101 may be received from a weather sensor located at first network node 101 or second network node 102 (where second network node 102 is located close enough to first network node 101 such that the weather conditions at second network node 102 are expected to be similar to the weather conditions at first network node 101). Additionally or alternatively, the received first information may include an indication of a weather forecast at the location of first network node 101. In some embodiments, an indication of a weather forecast at the location of first network node 101 may be received from an external weather forecasting service. Additionally or alternatively, the received first information may include an indication of some other environmental condition at the location of first network node 101.

[0066] Additionally or alternatively, the received first information may include an indication of an unstable supply of power from the power grid. In some embodiments, an indication of a potential unstable supply of power from the power grid may include calendar-related statistics. For example, the calendar-related statistics may include a timestamp.

[0067] It will be appreciated that the received first information may include any suitable performance metric that indicates a predicted reduction in the data transmission rate of data transmitted by first network node 101 over data transmission link 103.

[0068] In some embodiments, data collector 601 may further process the received first information. For example, data collector 601 may aggregate, truncate, or further select the received first information. Alternatively, data collector 601 may receive pre-processed first information.

[0069] Data collector 601 then may transmit the received first information to prediction model 602.

[0070] In some embodiments, the prediction model 602 may be configured to determine that the received first information indicates a predicted reduction in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 over the data transmission link 103 by comparing the received first information with the model. In some embodiments, the model may include a machine learning model that has been trained using historical data. In some examples, the machine learning model may be updated using the received first information and information related to the performance of the model in predicting a reduction in the transmission rate.

[0071] The historical data may include, for example, historical data related to the signal strength received at the second network node 102, historical data related to an indication of the weather conditions at the location of the first network node 101, historical data related to an indication of the weather forecast at the location of the first network node 101, and / or historical data related to an indication of a potential unstable supply of power from the power grid. In some embodiments, the indication of an unstable supply of power from the power grid may include calendar-related statistics, such as timestamps.

[0072] In some embodiments, the prediction model 602 may predict future signal strength fluctuations based on the received first information. In some embodiments, in response to the prediction of future signal strength fluctuations meeting a predetermined criterion, the prediction model 602 may determine that the received first information indicates a predicted reduction in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 over the data transmission link 103. For example, the predetermined criterion may be that the signal strength across the data transmission link 103 drops below a threshold level, below which the transmission rate over the data transmission link 103 is expected to drop below the maximum transmission rate.

[0073] In some embodiments, the received information may include the number of alerts generated at the second network node 102. The second network node 102 may generate an alert when the signal strength across the data transmission link 103 drops below a threshold level, below which the transmission rate over the data transmission link 103 is expected to drop below the maximum transmission rate.

[0074] Thus, during a period in which the signal strength across the data transmission link 103 fluctuates, as the signal strength fluctuates during that period, there may be a series of several alerts generated at the second network node 102 in quick succession. When this occurs, it is likely that the transmission rate in the data transmission link 103 will have degraded at some point during the period. If the time between alerts is below a predetermined time (e.g., 1 to 10 ms), the alerts may be considered to be generated in quick succession. In some embodiments, the predetermined time may be determined from historical data.

[0075] For example, a first quantity of consecutively generated alerts can be used to predict the length of a time period during which a total “burst” of consecutively generated alerts occurs. The length of the predicted time period will correspond to the length of a period during which the transmission rate may also be degraded.

[0076] In some embodiments, a model can be used to generate a prediction of the total length of the time period. The model may have been trained based on historical data of similar events. For example, the model may have been trained using data from a historical time period in which a “burst” of alerts was consecutively generated at the second network node 102. For example, the model can correlate the length of the “burst” of alerts with the characteristics of a first quantity of alerts in the “burst”. For example, the characteristics can include the duration of the first alert in the “burst” or the time period between the first two alerts in the “burst”. Thus, a first quantity (e.g., 1 or 2) of alerts in the “burst” can be used to predict the total length of the “burst”. In another example, the characteristics can include a plurality of consecutively generated timestamps, where each timestamp is generated as a result of an alert being generated.

[0077] In some embodiments, the model can use the average “burst” period of historical “burst” periods associated with the characteristics of a first quantity of alerts as the predicted length of the time period during which the transmission rate may be degraded. However, the model can include any other suitable model that can be used to generate a prediction of the length of the time period of a “burst” of consecutively generated alerts.

[0078] In some embodiments, the first information received can include a measurement of the signal strength received on the data transmission link 103. In this case, the predicted reduction in the transmission rate can occur before the alert generation at the second network node 102 (and thus, potentially before the degradation of the transmission rate). For example, in this example, the model can compare the measured signal strength with a second threshold T2 that is higher than T. In this example, thus, if the signal strength remains below the threshold T2 for a predetermined period of time, the model can predict that the signal strength is expected to drop below the threshold T.

[0079] In some embodiments, an anomaly detection method can be used to predict future signal strength fluctuations based on the first information received (where the first information received includes a measurement of the signal strength across the data transmission link 103). In some embodiments, the trend of the signal strength measurement can be used to predict future signal strength fluctuations based on the first information received. For example, if the measurement of the signal strength decreases, reaches a certain predefined threshold, and / or decreases at a certain predefined rate during a certain predefined time period, this can indicate future signal strength fluctuations.

[0080] In some embodiments, the prediction of future signal strength fluctuations can be based on received weather data known to destabilize the power supply from the power grid (such as, for example, heavy rain), received weather forecast information known to destabilize the power supply from the power grid (such as, for example, heavy rain), and / or data received from the power grid. For example, the prediction of future signal strength fluctuations can be based on historical data received when the power supply from the power grid is destabilized.

[0081] In some embodiments, the prediction of future signal strength fluctuations can be based on received calendar-related statistics. The calendar-related statistics can indicate a previous decrease in the data transmission rate, a previous decrease in signal strength, and / or previous signal strength fluctuations. For example, historical calendar-related statistics can indicate that there is a high probability that the power supplied by the power grid may be unstable during a certain period of each day (such as, for example, peak hours of using the power grid), or on certain days of the week (such as, for example, Friday).

[0082] It will be appreciated that the prediction of future signal strength fluctuations can be based on a combination of the above examples. For example, the prediction model 602 can be configured to primarily consider the received alert or the measured signal strength to determine whether the first network node should be switched to an alternative power supply. However, if the received weather forecast information indicates that heavy rain is expected at the first network node, the prediction model 602 can be configured to prioritize this information over any lack of measured signal strength above a threshold T or received alert, and can choose to switch the first network node to an alternative power supply.

[0083] In some embodiments, the prediction model 602 can be configured to primarily consider the received calendar-related statistics and use this received information to predict calendar-related changes in the data transmission rate. For example, if the prediction model 602 receives an indication that the power grid has always supplied unstable power on Fridays, the prediction model 602 can predict signal strength fluctuations for subsequent Fridays.

[0084] Thus, in some embodiments, the prediction model 602 can use the received first information to predict whether the signal strength in the data transmission link 103 is likely to be unstable or stable during a first future time period. In other words, a stable signal strength remains above a threshold T during the first future time period, while an unstable signal strength drops below the threshold T during the first future time period.

[0085] For example, if the received first information indicates a predicted decrease in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node over the data transmission link during the first future time period, the prediction model 602 may determine that the signal strength in the data transmission link 103 may be unstable during the first future time period. Similarly, if the received first information does not indicate a predicted decrease in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node over the data transmission link during the first future time period, the prediction model 602 may determine that the signal strength in the data transmission link 103 may be stable during the first future time period. Alternatively or additionally, if the received first information indicates a predicted increase in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node over the data transmission link during the first future time period, the prediction model 602 may determine that the signal strength in the data transmission link 103 may be stable during the first future time period.

[0086] The prediction model 602 may generate an unstable signal message in response to predicting that the signal strength in the data transmission link 103 may be unstable during the first future time period, or the prediction model 602 may generate a stable signal message in response to predicting that the signal strength in the data transmission link 103 may be stable during the first future time period. In some embodiments, the prediction that the signal strength in the data transmission link 103 may be unstable during the first future time period may indicate that the power supply from the power grid to the first network node 101 is predicted to be unstable during the first future time period. The prediction model 602 may then transmit the generated message to the PSC 603.

[0087] In some embodiments, the prediction model 602 may be configured to generate an indication of a first prediction period during which the signal strength is predicted to be unstable. In some embodiments, the indication of the first prediction period may be generated based on the received first information. Additionally or alternatively, the first prediction period may be generated based on historical data. The indication of the first prediction period may correspond to the period during which a predicted decrease in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 over the data transmission link 103 is predicted to occur. The prediction model 602 may transmit the indication of the first prediction period to the PSC 603. The predicted decrease in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 over the data transmission link 103 may or may not be associated with the first prediction period in the unstable signal message.

[0088] In some embodiments, the prediction model 602 may be configured to generate a first confidence value related to a predicted decrease in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 over the data transmission link 103. For example, the first confidence value may indicate the confidence in the predicted decrease in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 over the data transmission link 103 during the first prediction period. For example, the first confidence value may include the percentage likelihood that the transmission rate will drop from the maximum transmission rate during the first prediction period.

[0089] In some embodiments, the prediction model 602 may be trained using historical data. During this training process, the prediction model 602 may be configured to generate an evaluation of the predictions it generates. These evaluations may indicate the accuracy of the predictions generated by the prediction model 602.

[0090] In some embodiments, where the predicted decrease in the transmission rate is not associated with a first prediction period, the first confidence value may indicate the confidence in the predicted decrease in the data transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 over the data transmission link 103 until the prediction model 602 otherwise notifies the first network node that the transmission rate is stable.

[0091] In some embodiments, the prediction model 602 may transmit the first confidence value to the PSC 603.

[0092] In some embodiments, the PSC 603 may receive an instability signal message from the prediction model 602. In response to receiving the instability signal message, the PSC 603 may generate an isolation message. The isolation message may include a first request to the first network node 101 to switch the power supply of the first network node 101 from the power grid to an alternative power supply. The PSC 603 may transmit the isolation message to the first network node 101. For example, the PSC 603 may transmit the isolation message to the first power controller 605.

[0093] Thus, in some embodiments, Figure 4 step 403 of the method may include the PSC 603 transmitting the isolation message to the first network node 101, specifically the power controller 605 of the first network node 101.

[0094] The first power controller 605 may receive the isolation message from the PSC 603. In response to receiving the isolation message from the PSC 603, the first power controller 605 may switch the power supply of the first network node 101 from the power grid to an alternative power supply. This switching of the power supply to the alternative power supply may be referred to as placing the first network node 101 in isolation mode.

[0095] By placing the first network node 101 in an isolation mode and disconnecting the first network node 101 from the power grid, the first network node may be able to avoid fluctuations in the signal strength in the data transmission link 103 caused by power grid instability. Accordingly, the first network node may be able to avoid a degradation in the transmission rate in the data transmission link 103 that would otherwise be caused by such fluctuations.

[0096] By placing the first network node 101 in an isolation mode before the power grid becomes unstable (i.e., by placing the first network node in isolation mode based on a predicted decrease in the transmission rate of data rather than an actual decrease in the transmission rate), it may be possible to proactively avoid a degradation in the transmission rate in the data transmission link 103. In some embodiments, this may improve the performance of the data transmission link 103 that couples the first network node 101 and the second network node 102.

[0097] Furthermore, by switching the power supply of the first network node 101 from the power grid to an alternative power supply, where the alternative power supply includes a battery, there may be no need to perform a discharge cycle on the battery that might otherwise be required to maintain battery health.

[0098] In some embodiments, the alternative power supply may include a battery. However, it will be appreciated that the alternative power supply may include any suitable alternative power source configured to supply power to the first network node 101. For example, the alternative power supply may include a diesel generator, a fuel cell, or a solar panel.

[0099] In some embodiments, where the alternative power supply includes a battery, the power supply of the first network node 101 may be switched from the power grid to the alternative power supply by reducing the output voltage of the power supply unit (PSU) in the first network node 101. This reduction in the PSU output voltage will trigger the battery to supply power to the first network node 101. In some embodiments, the PSU output voltage may be dropped to zero in order to cause the first network node to switch to using the alternative power supply.

[0100] In some embodiments, the first battery monitor 604 may be configured to monitor the charge level of the alternative power supply of the first network node 101. The monitoring of the charge level may be periodic, intermittent, or continuous. For example, the first battery monitor 604 may be configured to monitor the charge level of the alternative power supply by monitoring the voltage level of the alternative power supply of the first network node 101.

[0101] In some embodiments, the first power controller 605 may be configured to switch the power supply of the first network node 101.

[0102] In some embodiments, any network node included within communication network 600 may be configured to monitor the charge level of an alternative power source of any other network node included within communication network 600. For example, a second network node 102 may be configured to convey an indication of the charge level of the alternative power source to a first network node 101.

[0103] In some embodiments, a first battery monitor 604 may convey an indication of the charge level of the alternative power source to a power control network node. The power control network node may include the second network node 102, the NOC 104, or any other suitable network node included within a suitable communication network (such as, for example, communication network 100 or communication network 600).

[0104] Thus, in some embodiments, Figure 5 step 501 of the method of may include the first battery monitor 604 conveying an indication of the charge level of the alternative power source to the PSC 603.

[0105] In some embodiments, the PSC 603 may receive an indication that the charge level of the alternative power source exceeds a first threshold level. The indication may be received from the first battery monitor 604. In response to determining that the charge level of the alternative power source exceeds the first threshold level, the PSC 603 may then convey a first request to switch the power source of the first network node 101 from the power grid to the alternative power source. The first request may include an isolation message, as described above. The PSC 603 may convey the request to the first power controller 605.

[0106] Thus, in some embodiments, Figure 5 step 503 of the method of may include the first power controller 605 receiving the isolation message from the PSC 603.

[0107] In some embodiments, the first battery monitor 604 may determine that the charge level of the alternative power source exceeds the first threshold level. In some embodiments, in response to receiving a request from the PSC 603 to switch the power source of the first network node 101, and in response to determining that the charge level of the alternative power source exceeds the first threshold level, the first power controller 605 may switch the power source of the first network node 101 from the power grid to the alternative power source. For example, if the charge level of the alternative power source exceeds, for example, 20% of the maximum charge level of the alternative power source, then the first battery monitor 604 may switch from the power grid to the alternative power source only. If the alternative power source is at risk of depleting its charge, this may prevent the first network node 101 from switching to using the alternative power source. In other words, it may be considered more acceptable for the first network node 101 to experience a degradation in the transmission rate to the second network node than for the first network node 101 to potentially deplete its power.

[0108] In some examples, the first threshold level may depend on a first confidence value associated with the transmission rate, or on the length of time within which a decrease in the transmission rate is predicted to occur. In other words, if the transmission rate is very likely to decrease, the first threshold level compared to the charge level of the alternative power source may be lower. Alternatively, if the length of time within which a decrease in the transmission rate is predicted to occur is short, the first threshold level may be lower.

[0109] In some embodiments, in response to the first power controller 605 receiving a request from the PSC 603 to switch the power source of the first network node 101, the first battery monitor 604 may determine the charge level of the alternative power source. In some embodiments, in response to the charge level of the alternative power source failing to meet a predetermined criterion, the first power controller 605 may maintain the power source of the first network node from the power grid. In one example, the predetermined criterion may be that the charge level of the alternative power source exceeds the first threshold level. In another example, where the alternative power source includes a battery, the predetermined criterion may be that the life of the battery is below a threshold life. In another example, the predetermined criterion may be the number of charge cycles of the battery. For example, since the battery charge capacity may degrade with each charge cycle performed, a large number of charge cycles may indicate that the battery is less reliable.

[0110] In some embodiments, in response to switching the power source of the first network node 101 from the power grid to the alternative power source, the PSC 603 may monitor the charge level of the alternative power source. The PSC 603 may receive an indication of the charge level of the alternative power source from the first battery monitor 604. In some embodiments, in response to the charge level of the alternative power source dropping below a second threshold level, the PSC 603 transmits a third request to switch the power source of the first network node from the alternative power source to the power grid. This process may prevent the first network node 101 from exhausting its power during transmission. In other words, allowing the first network node 101 to experience a decrease in the transmission rate may be considered preferable compared to allowing the first network node 101 to exhaust its power.

[0111] The third request may be transmitted to the first power controller 605. For example, in some embodiments, the first battery monitor 604 may determine that the charge level of the alternative power source has dropped below 10% of the maximum charge level of the alternative power source. Accordingly, the first network node 101 may be released from the isolation mode.

[0112] In some embodiments, the PSC 603 may receive an indication of a first prediction period (as described above) during which a predicted decrease in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node over the data transmission link is predicted to occur. In some embodiments, in response to transmitting the first request and in response to the first prediction period elapsing, the PSC 603 may transmit a second request to switch the power supply of the first network node 101 from the alternative power supply to the power grid. The PSC 603 may transmit the second request to the first power controller 605. Accordingly, the first network node 101 may be released from the isolation mode.

[0113] In some embodiments, the data collector 601 may receive second information indicating a predicted increase in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 over the data transmission link 103. The data collector 601 may receive the second information in the same manner as the data collector 601 received the first information as described above. The data collector 601 may transmit the received second information to the prediction model 602.

[0114] In some embodiments, the prediction model 602 may be configured to determine that the received second information indicates a predicted increase in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 over the data transmission link 103.

[0115] In some embodiments, the prediction model 602 may predict future signal strength fluctuations based on the received second information. For example, in response to the prediction of future signal strength fluctuations meeting a second predetermined criterion, the prediction model 602 may determine that the received second information indicates a predicted increase in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 over the data transmission link 103. For example, the second predetermined criterion may be that the signal strength across the data transmission link 103 exceeds a threshold level below which the transmission rate over the data transmission link 103 will drop below the maximum transmission rate.

[0116] Accordingly, in some embodiments, the prediction model 602 may use the received second information to predict whether the signal strength in the data transmission link 103 may be unstable or stable within a second future time period after a first future time period. For example, if the received second information indicates a predicted decrease in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 over the data transmission link 103, the prediction model 602 may determine that the signal strength in the data transmission link 103 may be unstable within the second future time period. In such a case, the prediction model 602 may generate an unstable signal message indicating that the first network node should continue to use the alternative power supply. Alternatively, the prediction model 602 may not generate any message, thereby allowing the first network node to use the alternative power supply.

[0117] In some cases, if the received second information does not indicate a predicted decrease in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 over the data transmission link 103, or if the received second information indicates a predicted increase in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 over the data transmission link 103, the prediction model 602 may determine that the signal strength in the data transmission link 103 may be stable during a second future time period. In response to determining that the signal strength in the data transmission link may be stable during the second future time period, the prediction model may generate a stable signal message and may transmit the stable signal message to the PSC 603.

[0118] In response to receiving the stable signal message, the PSC 603 may generate a release message. The release message may include a second request to the first network node 101 to switch the power supply of the first network node 101 from an alternative power supply to the electrical grid. The PSC 603 may transmit the release message to the first network node 101. For example, the PSC 603 may transmit the release message to the first power controller 605.

[0119] Thus, in some embodiments, in response to switching the power supply of the first network node 101 from the electrical grid to an alternative power supply and in response to receiving second information indicating a predicted increase in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 over the data transmission link 103, the PSC 603 may transmit a second request to the first network node 101 to switch the power supply of the first network node 101 from the alternative power supply to the electrical grid. Thus, the second network node or the NOC monitors the signal strength fluctuations of the signals received at the second network node and appropriately switches the first network node between using an alternative power supply and using the electrical grid.

[0120] In some embodiments, the prediction model 602 may be configured to generate an indication of a second prediction period during which the signal strength is predicted to be stable. In some embodiments, the indication of the second prediction period may be generated based on the received second information. Additionally or alternatively, the second prediction period may be generated based on historical data. The indication of the second prediction period may correspond to the period during which a predicted increase in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 over the data transmission link 103 is predicted to occur. The prediction model 602 may transmit the indication of the second prediction period to the PSC 603. The predicted increase in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 over the data transmission link 103 may or may not be associated with the second prediction period.

[0121] Thus, in some embodiments, the PSC may receive an indication of a second prediction period during which an increase in the predicted transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 over the data transmission link 103 is predicted to occur.

[0122] In some embodiments, the prediction model 602 may be configured to generate a second confidence value related to an increase in the predicted transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 over the data transmission link 103. For example, the second confidence value may indicate the confidence in the predicted increase in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 over the data transmission link 103 during the associated second prediction period. For example, the second confidence value may include the percentage likelihood that the transmission rate will remain at the maximum transmission rate during the second prediction period.

[0123] In some embodiments, where the predicted increase in the transmission rate is not associated with a second prediction period, the second confidence value may indicate the confidence in the predicted increase in the data transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 over the data transmission link 103 until the prediction model 602 otherwise notifies the first network node that the transmission rate is unstable.

[0124] In some embodiments, the prediction model 602 may transmit the second confidence value to the PSC 603.

[0125] Thus, in some embodiments, the PSC 603 may receive a confidence value. The confidence value may be the first confidence value or the second confidence value as described above. The confidence value may be associated with a request to switch the power of the first network node 101.

[0126] Thus, in some embodiments, the PSC 603 may determine whether the confidence value associated with the request meets a predetermined criterion. In some embodiments, in response to the confidence value associated with the request failing to meet the predetermined criterion, the PSC 603 may not transmit a request to switch the power of the first network node 101 to the first power controller 605. Thus, the first power controller 605 may maintain the power of the first network node 101 as the power grid, or maintain the power of the first network node as an alternative power source. For example, in some embodiments, the power of the first network node 101 may be switched only when the confidence value associated with the request (and thus, the confidence in the predicted increase or decrease in the data transmission rate occurring until the first network node 101 is otherwise notified or at some future time period) exceeds a certain threshold level.

[0127] In some embodiments, the first power controller 605 may receive a request to switch the power supply of the first network node 101 from the PSC 603. In some examples, the first power controller 605 may treat the request as a suggestion. For example, it may be known that the first network node 101 may not be able to support itself when powered by an alternative power supply. In one example here, the alternative power supply may have a very old battery or may not have enough fuel in its diesel generator. Thus, in some embodiments, the first power controller 605 may, based on some knowledge of the alternative power supply itself, choose to reject the received request to switch the power supply of the first network node 101.

[0128] In some embodiments, in response to the first power controller 605 switching the power supply of the first network node 101 from the alternative power supply to the power grid, the alternative power supply may be recharged.

[0129] In some embodiments, the PSC 603 may be configured to communicate with a second battery monitor 606 and a second power controller 607.

[0130] In some embodiments, the second battery monitor 606 may be configured to monitor the charge level of the alternative power supply of the second network node 102. The monitoring of the charge level may be periodic, intermittent, or continuous. Additionally or alternatively, the second battery monitor 606 may be configured to monitor the charge level of the alternative power supply of the second network node 102 by monitoring the voltage level of the alternative power supply of the second network node 102. The monitoring of the voltage level may be periodic, intermittent, or continuous.

[0131] In some embodiments, the second power controller 607 may be configured to switch the power supply of the second network node 102.

[0132] The second battery monitor 606 and the second power controller 607 may be included within the second network node 102. In some embodiments, the PSC 603 may communicate with the second battery monitor 606 and the second power controller in substantially the same manner as described above for how the PSC 603 may communicate with the first battery monitor 604 and the first power controller 605. Thus, the PSC 603 may place the second network node 102 in an isolation mode and may release the second network node 102 from the isolation mode in substantially the same manner as described above for how the PSC 603 may place the first network node 101 in an isolation mode and may release the first network node 101 from the isolation mode.

[0133] Figure 7Shows an example of a sequence diagram for controlling the power supply of a network node to switch between a power grid and an alternative power source according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where a power stability controller (e.g., PSC 603) is included within a network operation center NOC node (e.g., NOC 104).

[0134] In step 701, the second network node 102 may transmit the received first information to the NOC 104, where the first information indicates a predicted decrease in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 via the data transmission link 103. For example, the received first information may include a first number of alerts generated at the second network node 102.

[0135] In step 702, the NOC 104 may input the received first information into a prediction model (e.g., prediction model 602). The prediction model may determine that the received first information indicates a predicted decrease in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 via the data transmission link 103, as described above with reference to Figure 6 as described.

[0136] In response to determining that the received first information indicates a predicted decrease in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 via the data transmission link 103; in step 703, the NOC 104 may transmit an isolation message to the first network node 101.

[0137] The isolation message may include a first request to switch the power supply of the first network node 101 from the power grid to an alternative power source.

[0138] Accordingly, in step 703, the first network node 101 may be placed in an isolation mode.

[0139] In some embodiments, in step 704, the second network node 102 may also be placed in an isolation mode. For example, the NOC 104 may transmit an isolation message to the second network node 102. For example, in some examples, data transmission may occur in both directions between the first network node 101 and the second network node 102, and thus the NOC may determine that transmissions in both directions may benefit from being powered by an alternative power source.

[0140] Alternatively, the first network node 101 and the second network node 102 may be located in close proximity to each other, and thus, in an example where weather or other environmental conditions are affecting the rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101, the NOC may assume that the same conditions are affecting the second network node 102. Accordingly, in some examples, the NOC 104 may transmit a request to switch the power supply of both the first network node and the second network node to their respective alternative power sources.

[0141] At step 705, the NOC 104 may monitor the charge level of the alternative power supply of the first network node 101. For example, the first network node 101 may transmit an indication of the charge level of the alternative power supply of the first network node 101 to the NOC 104.

[0142] In some embodiments, where the second network node may also have been placed in isolation mode, at step 706, the NOC 104 may also monitor the charge level of the alternative power supply of the second network node 102. For example, the second network node 102 may transmit an indication of the charge level of the alternative power supply of the second network node 102 to the NOC 104.

[0143] In some embodiments, at step 707, the NOC 104 may receive second information from the second network node 102. Alternatively or additionally, at step 707, the NOC 104 may receive second information from an external source. For example, the external source may include a weather sensor located at the first network node 101 or the second network node 102, or an external weather forecasting service.

[0144] The prediction model may determine whether the received second information indicates a predicted increase in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 over the data transmission link 103, as described above with reference to Figure 6 as described.

[0145] In response to determining that the received second information indicates a predicted increase in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 over the data transmission link 103; at step 708, the NOC 104 may transmit a release message to the first network node 101. Alternatively, the NOC 104 may transmit the release message to the first network node 101 in response to the charge level of the alternative power supply of the first network node 101 dropping below a second threshold level.

[0146] The release message may include a request to switch the power supply of the first network node 101 from the alternative power supply to the power grid.

[0147] Thus, at step 708, the first network node 101 may be released from isolation mode.

[0148] In some embodiments, where the second network node 102 has been placed in isolation mode, in response to determining that the received second information indicates a predicted increase in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 over the data transmission link 103; at step 709, the NOC 104 may transmit a release message to the second network node 102. Alternatively, the NOC 104 may transmit the release message to the second network node 102 in response to the charge level of the alternative power supply of the second network node 102 dropping below a second threshold level.

[0149] The release message may include a request to switch the power supply of the second network node 102 from an alternative power supply to the power grid.

[0150] Thus, at step 709, the second network node 102 may also be released from the isolation mode.

[0151] Figure 8 An example of a sequence diagram for controlling the switching of the power supply of a network node between a power grid and an alternative power supply according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, where a power stability controller (e.g., PSC 603) is included within the network node (e.g., the second network node 102).

[0152] In step 801, the second network node 102 may receive first information indicating a predicted decrease in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 via the data transmission link 103. The first information may be generated or received as described above.

[0153] In step 802, the second network node 102 may input the received first information into a prediction model (e.g., prediction model 602). The prediction model may determine that the received first information indicates a predicted decrease in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 via the data transmission link 103, as described above with reference to Figure 6 as described.

[0154] In response to determining that the received first information indicates a predicted decrease in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 via the data transmission link 103; at step 803, the second network node 102 may transmit an isolation message to the first network node 101.

[0155] The isolation message may include a first request to switch the power supply of the first network node 101 from the power grid to an alternative power supply.

[0156] Thus, at step 803, the first network node 101 may be placed in the isolation mode.

[0157] In some embodiments, at step 804, the second network node 102 may also place itself in an isolation mode. For example, in some examples, data transmission may occur in both directions between the first network node 101 and the second network node 102, and thus the second network node 102 may determine that transmissions in both directions may benefit from being powered by an alternative power source. In other embodiments, the first network node 101 and the second network node 102 may be located in proximity to each other, and thus, in an example where weather or other environmental conditions are affecting the rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101, the second network node 102 may assume that the same conditions are affecting the second network node 102. The second network node 102 may thus transmit a first request to the first network node 101 to switch the power source of the first network node to a corresponding alternative power source, while also switching its own power source to the corresponding alternative power source.

[0158] In some embodiments, at step 805, the second network node 102 may notify the NOC 104 that the first network node 101 and optionally the second network node 102 have been placed in an isolation mode.

[0159] In some embodiments, steps 806 to 808 may be performed, where the first network node 101 releases itself from the isolation mode.

[0160] At step 806, the first network node 101 may monitor the charge level of the alternative power source of the first network node 101. The first network node 101 may receive an indication that the charge level of the alternative power source of the first network node 101 has dropped below a second threshold level. In response thereto, at step 806, the first network node 101 may switch the power source of the first network node 101 from the alternative power source to the power grid.

[0161] Thus, at step 806, the first network node 101 may release itself from the isolation mode.

[0162] At step 807, the first network node 101 may notify the second network node 102 that it has released itself from the isolation mode.

[0163] In some embodiments, at step 808, the second network node 102 may notify the NOC 104 that the first network node has been released from the isolation mode.

[0164] It will also be appreciated that the second network node 102 may also have been placed in an isolation mode and may be monitoring the charge level of the alternative power source of the second network node 102. The second network node 102 may receive an indication that the charge level of the alternative power source of the second network node 102 has dropped below a second threshold level. In response thereto, the second network node 102 may switch the power source of the second network node 102 from the alternative power source to the power grid.

[0165] Thus, the second network node 102 can release itself from the isolation mode.

[0166] Thus, in some embodiments, at step 808, the second network node 102 can additionally or alternatively notify the NOC 104 that the second network node 102 has been "released" from the isolation mode.

[0167] In some embodiments, steps 809 to 811 can be performed, where the second network node 102 releases the first network node 101 from the isolation mode.

[0168] In some embodiments, at step 809, the second network node 102 can receive second information. The received second information can be generated at the second network node 102. Alternatively or additionally, at step 809, the second network node 102 can receive the second information from an external source. As previously referenced Figure 6 As described, the prediction model can determine that the received second information indicates a predicted increase in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 over the data transmission link 103.

[0169] In response to determining that the received second information indicates a predicted increase in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 over the data transmission link 103; at step 810, the second network node 102 can transmit a release message to the first network node 101.

[0170] The release message can include a request to switch the power supply of the first network node 101 from an alternative power supply to the power grid.

[0171] Thus, at step 810, the first network node 101 can be released from the isolation mode.

[0172] In some embodiments, at step 811, the second network node 102 can notify the NOC 104 that the first network node has been released from the isolation mode.

[0173] In some embodiments, where the second network node 102 has been placed in the isolation mode, in response to determining that the received second information indicates a predicted increase in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node 101 over the data transmission link 103; the second network node 102 can release itself from the isolation mode.

[0174] Thus, in some embodiments, step 811 can also include the second network node 102 notifying the NOC 104 that the second network node 102 has been released from the isolation mode.

[0175] Figure 9FIG. 0 shows a flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method may be performed in any suitable communication network (e.g., communication network 100 or communication network 600), or may be performed in any suitable network node (e.g., second network node 102 or NOC 104).

[0176] Although it will be appreciated that Figure 9 the method may be performed by second network node 102, NOC 104, any suitable network node included in a suitable communication network (e.g., communication network 100 or communication network 600), or any plurality of suitable network nodes included in a suitable communication network (e.g., communication network 100 or communication network 600), the method will be described below as being performed by NOC 104 Figure 9 of the method.

[0177] In step 901, NOC 104 may receive first information from second network node 102. Alternatively or additionally, in step 901, NOC 104 may receive first information from an external source.

[0178] In step 902, NOC 104 may predict future signal strength fluctuations based on the received first information. In response to the prediction of future signal strength fluctuations satisfying a predetermined criterion, NOC 104 may determine that the received first information indicates a predicted decrease in the transmission rate of data transmitted by first network node 101 over data transmission link 103.

[0179] In step 903, NOC 104 may use this determination to predict whether the signal strength will be stable or unstable within a first future time period.

[0180] In response to determining in step 903 that the signal strength in data transmission link 103 may be unstable within the first future time period, in step 904, NOC 104 may determine whether the charge level of an alternative power source (where the alternative power source is configured to supply power to first network node 101) exceeds a first threshold level.

[0181] In response to determining in step 904 that the charge level of the alternative power source exceeds the first threshold level, in step 905, NOC 104 may transmit a first request to switch the power supply of first network node 101 from the power grid to the alternative power source. Accordingly, first network node 101 may be placed in an isolation mode.

[0182] In response to determining in step 904 that the charge level of the alternative power source does not exceed the first threshold level, the method returns to step 901.

[0183] In step 906 (following the isolation of first network node 101 in step 905), NOC 104 may monitor the charge level of the alternative power source.

[0184] At step 907, the NOC 104 determines whether it has received an indication that the charge level of the alternative power supply has dropped below a second threshold level.

[0185] In response to receiving an indication at step 907 that the charge level of the alternative power supply has dropped below a second threshold level, at step 908, the NOC 104 may transmit a third request to switch the power supply of the first network node 101 from the alternative power supply to the power grid. Accordingly, the first network node 101 may be released from the isolation mode. Then, the method returns to step 901.

[0186] Alternatively, if at step 907 the NOC 104 determines that the charge level of the alternative power supply exceeds the second threshold level, the process may return to step 901. Accordingly, the power supply of the first network node is maintained from the alternative power supply.

[0187] Alternatively, in response to determining at step 903 that the signal strength in the data transmission link 103 may be unstable during some future time period, the method proceeds to step 908, and the NOC 104 may transmit a third request to switch the power supply of the first network node 101 from the alternative power supply to the power grid. Accordingly, the first network node 101 may be released from the isolation mode. Then, the method returns to step 901. If the first network node 101 is not in the isolation mode, the method returns to step 901.

[0188] Alternatively, if at step 907 the NOC 104 determines that if it has received an indication that the charge level of the alternative power supply has exceeded below the second threshold level, the method returns to step 901.

[0189] In other words, the NOC 104 monitors both the signal strength fluctuations of the signals received at the second network node and the charge level of the alternative power supply of the first network node and / or the second network node. Based on this monitoring, the NOC 104 determines whether the first network node and / or the second network node should use the alternative power supply or the power grid.

[0190] It will be appreciated that the method described above may be implemented in any suitable communication network or data transmission network. For example, such a network may include an optical fiber communication network, a laser communication network, a radio link communication network, or a microwave link communication network.

[0191] Figure 10A power control network node 1000 including a processing circuit (or logic) 1001 is shown according to some embodiments. The processing circuit 1001 controls the operation of the power control network node 1000 and may implement the methods described herein with respect to the power control network node 1000 (e.g., the second network node 102 or the NOC 104). The processing circuit 1001 may include one or more processors, processing units, multi-core processors, or modules configured or programmed to control the power control network node 1000 in the manner described herein. In a particular implementation, the processing circuit 1001 may include multiple software and / or hardware modules, each configured to perform or for performing separate or multiple steps of the methods described herein with respect to the power control network node 1000.

[0192] Briefly, the processing circuit 1001 of the power control network node 1000 is configured to: receive first information indicating a predicted reduction in the transmission rate of data transmitted by a first network node over a data transmission link; and in response to receiving the first information, transmit a first request to the first network node to switch the power supply of the first network node from the power grid to an alternative power supply.

[0193] In some embodiments, the power control network node 1000 may optionally include a communication interface 1002. The communication interface 1002 of the power control network node 1000 is available for use in communicating with other nodes such as other virtual nodes. For example, the communication interface 1002 of the power control network node 1000 may be configured to transmit to and / or receive from other nodes requests, resources, information, data, signals, or the like. The processing circuit 1001 of the power control network node 1000 may be configured to control the communication interface 1002 of the power control network node 1000 to transmit to and / or receive from other nodes requests, resources, information, data, signals, or the like.

[0194] Optionally, the power control network node 1000 may include a memory 1003. In some embodiments, the memory 1003 of the power control network node 1000 may be configured to store program code that may be executed by the processing circuit 1001 of the power control network node 1000 to perform the methods described herein with respect to the power control network node 1000. Alternatively or additionally, the memory 1003 of the power control network node 1000 may be configured to store any requests, resources, information, data, signals, or the like described herein. The processing circuit 1001 of the power control network node 1000 may be configured to control the memory 1003 of the power control network node 1000 to store any requests, resources, information, data, signals, or the like described herein.

[0195] Figure 11FIG. 1100 shows a first network node 1100 that includes processing circuitry (or logic) 1101 according to some embodiments. The processing circuitry 1101 controls the operation of the first network node 1100 and may implement the methods described herein with respect to the first network node 1100 (e.g., first network node 101). The processing circuitry 1101 may include one or more processors, processing units, multi-core processors, or modules configured or programmed to control the first network node 1100 in the manner described herein. In a particular implementation, the processing circuitry 1101 may include multiple software and / or hardware modules, each configured to perform or operative to perform separate or multiple steps of the methods described herein with respect to the first network node 1100.

[0196] Briefly, the processing circuitry 1101 of the first network node 1100 is configured to: convey an indication of a charge level of an alternative power source to a power control network node; and receive a request from the power control network node to switch the power source of the first network node from the power grid to the alternative power source.

[0197] In some embodiments, the first network node 1100 may optionally include a communication interface 1102. The communication interface 1102 of the first network node 1100 is available for use in communicating with other nodes such as other virtual nodes. For example, the communication interface 1102 of the first network node 1100 may be configured to convey and / or receive requests, resources, information, data, signals, or the like from other nodes. The processing circuitry 1101 of the first network node 1100 may be configured to control the communication interface 1102 of the first network node 1100 to convey and / or receive requests, resources, information, data, signals, or the like from other nodes.

[0198] Optionally, the first network node 1100 may include a memory 1103. In some embodiments, the memory 1103 of the first network node 1100 may be configured to store program code executable by the processing circuitry 1101 of the first network node 1100 to perform the methods described herein with respect to the first network node 1100. Alternatively or additionally, the memory 1103 of the first network node 1100 may be configured to store any requests, resources, information, data, signals, or the like described herein. The processing circuitry 1101 of the first network node 1100 may be configured to control the memory 1103 of the first network node 1100 to store any requests, resources, information, data, signals, or the like described herein.

[0199] Accordingly, a method and apparatus for controlling the switching of a power source of a network node between a power grid and an alternative power source are provided.

[0200] It should be noted that the above embodiments illustrate rather than limit the concepts disclosed herein, and those skilled in the art will be able to design many alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the following statements. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps other than those listed in the statement, "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality, and a single processor or other unit may implement the functions of several units recited in the statement. Any reference signs in the statement should not be construed as limiting their scope.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the power supply of a first network node that switches between a power grid and an alternative power supply, the first network node being configured to transmit data to a second network node via a data transmission link, the method comprising: Receiving first information, the first information including an indication of the signal strength of data transmission received at the second network node via the data transmission link; Predicting future signal strength fluctuations based on the first information; Determining that the first information indicates a predicted decrease in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node via the data transmission link in response to the prediction of the future signal strength fluctuations meeting a predetermined criterion; And Transmitting a first request to switch the power supply of the first network node from the power grid to the alternative power supply in response to receiving the first information indicating the predicted decrease in the transmission rate. Receiving an indication of a first prediction period during which the predicted decrease in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node via the data transmission link is predicted to occur.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Transmitting a second request to switch the power supply of the first network node from the alternative power supply to the power grid in response to transmitting the first request and in response to the expiration of the first prediction period.

3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising: In response to switching the power supply of the first network node from the power grid to the alternative power supply; And Transmitting a second request to switch the power supply of the first network node from the alternative power supply to the power grid in response to receiving second information indicating a predicted increase in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node via the data transmission link.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-2, further comprising: Determining that the received first information indicates a predicted decrease in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node via the data transmission link by comparing the received first information with a model.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-2, further comprising: Receiving an indication that the charge level of the alternative power supply exceeds a first threshold level; And Transmitting the first request to switch the power supply of the first network node from the power grid to the alternative power supply in response to determining that the charge level of the alternative power supply exceeds the first threshold level.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising: Monitoring the charge level of the alternative power supply in response to transmitting the first request to switch the power supply of the first network node from the power grid to the alternative power supply; And Transmitting a third request to switch the power supply of the first network node from the alternative power supply to the power grid in response to receiving an indication that the charge level of the alternative power supply has dropped below a second threshold level.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-2, further comprising: Transmit an indication of the charge level of the alternative power supply to a power control network node; and Receive, from the power control network node, a request to switch the power supply of the first network node from the power grid to the alternative power supply.

8. The method according to claim 7, further comprising: Determine that the charge level of the alternative power supply exceeds a first threshold level; and In response to receiving the request and determining that the charge level of the alternative power supply exceeds the threshold level, switch the power supply of the first network node from the power grid to the alternative power supply.

9. The method according to claim 7, further comprising: Monitor the charge level of the alternative power supply in response to switching the power supply of the first network node from the power grid to the alternative power supply; and In response to the charge level of the alternative power supply dropping below a second threshold level, switch the power supply of the first network node from the alternative power supply to the power grid.

10. The method according to claim 7, further comprising: Determine the charge level of the alternative power supply in response to receiving the request; and In response to the charge level of the alternative power supply failing to meet a predetermined criterion, maintain the power supply of the first network node from the power grid.

11. A power control network node for controlling the switching of the power supply of a first network node between a power grid and an alternative power supply, the first network node being configured to transmit data to a second network node via a data transmission link, the power control network node comprising: An interface; and A processor, wherein the processor is operable to: Receive first information, the first information including an indication of the signal strength of a data transmission received at the second network node via the data transmission link; Predict future signal strength fluctuations based on the first information; In response to the prediction of the future signal strength fluctuations meeting a predetermined criterion, determine that the first information indicates a predicted reduction in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node via the data transmission link; and In response to receiving the first information indicating the predicted reduction in the transmission rate, transmit a first request to the first network node to switch the power supply of the first network node from the power grid to the alternative power supply; Receive an indication of a first prediction period during which the predicted reduction in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node via the data transmission link is predicted to occur.

12. The power control network node according to claim 11, wherein, The received first information includes an indication of the signal strength received at the second network node.

13. The power control network node according to any one of claims 11 to 12, wherein, The processor is operable to: Transmit a confidence value to the first network node related to the predicted reduction in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node via the data transmission link.

14. The power control network node according to any one of claims 11-12, wherein, The processor is operable to: in response to transmitting the first request and in response to the expiration of the first prediction period, transmit a second request to switch the power supply of the first network node from the alternative power supply to the power grid.

15. The power control network node according to any one of claims 11 to 12, wherein The processor is operable to: in response to switching the power supply of the first network node from the power grid to the alternative power supply; and in response to receiving second information indicating a predicted increase in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node via the data transmission link, transmitting a second request to switch the power supply of the first network node from the alternative power supply to the power grid to the first network node.

16. The power control network node according to claim 15, wherein, The processor is operable to: receive a second confidence value related to the predicted increase in the transmission rate of the data transmitted by the first network node via the data transmission link.

17. The power control network node according to claim 15, wherein, The processor is operable to: receive an indication of a second prediction period during which the predicted increase in the transmission rate of the data transmitted by the first network node via the data transmission link is predicted to occur.

18. The power control network node according to any one of claims 11 to 12, wherein, The processor is operable to: determine that the received first information indicates a predicted decrease in the transmission rate of data transmitted by the first network node via the data transmission link by comparing the received first information with a model.

19. The power control network node according to claim 18, wherein, The model includes a machine learning model trained using historical data.

20. The power control network node according to any one of claims 11 to 12, wherein The processor is operable to: receive an indication that the charge level of the alternative power supply exceeds a first threshold level; and in response to determining that the charge level of the alternative power supply exceeds the first threshold level, transmit the first request to switch the power supply of the first network node from the power grid to the alternative power supply.

21. The power control network node according to any one of claims 11 to 12, wherein, The processor is operable to: monitor the charge level of the alternative power supply in response to transmitting the first request to switch the power supply of the first network node from the power grid to the alternative power supply; and in response to receiving an indication that the charge level of the alternative power supply has dropped below a second threshold level, transmit a third request to switch the power supply of the first network node from the alternative power supply to the power grid.

22. The power control network node according to any one of claims 11 to 12, wherein, The power control network node includes the second network node.

23. The power control network node according to one of claims 11 to 12, wherein, The power control network node includes a network operation center node.

24. A computer program product comprising instructions which, when executed on at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

25. A computer-readable medium having stored thereon instructions which, when executed on at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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