A waveguide slot array antenna and communication equipment

Abstract

A waveguide slot array antenna and communication equipment provided by the present invention belong to the field of antenna technology. The waveguide slot array antenna comprises: a feeding network, an impedance transformation network and an antenna array surface; the antenna array surface has multiple antenna sub-arrays; the antenna sub-arrays comprise: a waveguide, the upper surface of which has a radiation slot unit; a first metal ridge, which is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the waveguide and extends upward; a plurality of inductive diaphragms, which are arranged on both sides of the waveguide; the inductive diaphragms are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the waveguide along the extension direction of the waveguide; in the waveguide slot array antenna of the present invention, inductive diaphragms are arranged on both sides of the waveguide of the antenna sub-array, and the loading of the inductive diaphragms can eliminate the dispersion effect, thereby reducing the sidelobe level, so that the waveguide slot array antenna is processed more accurately in the millimeter wave frequency band.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a waveguide slot array antenna and communication equipment. Background Art

[0002] Waveguide slot array antenna refers to an antenna that generates electromagnetic wave radiation by cutting narrow slots on the waveguide wall in a certain pattern. At the same time, with the rapid development of electronic science and technology, waveguide slot array antenna has advantages that other types of antennas cannot match, such as compact structure, high aperture efficiency, large power capacity and low loss, so this type of antenna has received extensive attention and research.

[0003] Waveguide slot array antennas can be used to form fan-beam antennas. Fan-beam antennas have different directivities and beam widths in two main planes and are widely used in wireless communications, medical imaging, mobile communication base stations, indoor local wireless networks, etc.

[0004] However, during the processing of waveguide slot array antennas, the width of the radiation slots in the waveguide slot array antennas in the millimeter wave frequency band is small, and the processing accuracy is difficult to guarantee. The processing error will cause the radiation pattern of the fan beam to be distorted, resulting in poor signal transmission. Summary of the invention

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problem in the prior art that during the processing of waveguide slot array antennas, the width of the radiation slot in the waveguide slot array antenna in the millimeter wave frequency band is small, the processing accuracy is difficult to ensure, and the processing error will cause the radiation pattern of the fan beam to be distorted, resulting in poor signal transmission, thereby providing a waveguide slot array antenna.

[0006] The present invention also provides a communication device having a waveguide slot array antenna.

[0007] The present invention provides a waveguide slot array antenna, comprising a feeding network, an impedance transformation network and an antenna array surface; the antenna array surface has a plurality of antenna sub-arrays; the antenna sub-arrays include:

[0008] A waveguide having a radiation slot unit on an upper surface;

[0009] A first metal ridge is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the waveguide and extends upward;

[0010] There are multiple inductive diaphragms, which are arranged on both sides of the waveguide; the inductive diaphragms are symmetrically arranged along the extension direction of the waveguide and the axis of the waveguide.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the plurality of inductive membranes are of the same shape and size.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the distance between two adjacent inductive membranes is the same.

[0013] As a preferred solution, the distance between two adjacent sensitive membranes is half of the waveguide wavelength.

[0014] As a preferred solution, an isolation slot is provided between the two antenna sub-arrays.

[0015] As a preferred solution, the length of the isolation slot is consistent with the length of the antenna subarray.

[0016] As a preferred solution, the radiation slot unit has a plurality of radiation slots; the plurality of radiation slots are arranged at intervals on both sides of the central axis of the waveguide.

[0017] As a preferred solution, the inductive diaphragm and the waveguide are integrally formed.

[0018] The present invention also provides a communication device, comprising the waveguide slot array antenna described in any one of the above items.

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. The waveguide slot array antenna provided by the present invention comprises a feeding network, an impedance transformation network and an antenna array surface; the antenna array surface has a plurality of antenna sub-arrays; inductive diaphragms are arranged on both sides of the waveguide of the antenna sub-array, and the loading of the inductive diaphragms can eliminate the dispersion effect, thereby reducing the sidelobe level, overcoming the problem that the processing accuracy of the waveguide slot array antenna in the millimeter wave band is difficult to ensure due to the small slot size width in the millimeter wave band in the prior art, so that the waveguide slot array antenna can be processed more accurately in the millimeter wave band; at the same time, the method of adding the inductive diaphragm has a simple structure and convenient design, overcoming the problem of complex antenna design when the waveguide slot array antenna is used to realize the fan beam in the prior art.

[0021] 2. In the waveguide slot array antenna provided by the present invention, an isolation slot is provided between the two antenna sub-arrays; the provision of the isolation slot can reduce the coupling between the antenna sub-arrays, so that the array antenna can be closer to the ideal shaped radiation pattern on the E plane. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the waveguide slot array antenna of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a front view of the waveguide slot array antenna of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the antenna subarray.

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the main structure of the central antenna subarray.

[0027] Figure 5 The E-plane and H-plane directional patterns formed by the waveguide slot array antenna of the present invention.

[0028] Description of reference numerals:

[0029] 1. Feeding network; 2. Impedance transformation network; 3. Antenna array surface; 4. Isolation slot; 5. Radiation gap; 6. Waveguide; 7. First metal ridge; 8. Inductive diaphragm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] The waveguide slot array antenna provided in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes a feeding network 1, an impedance transformation network 2 and an antenna array surface 3; the antenna array surface 3 has a plurality of antenna sub-arrays; inductive diaphragms 8 are arranged on both sides of the waveguide 6 of the antenna sub-array, and the loading of the inductive diaphragms 8 can eliminate the dispersion effect, thereby reducing the sidelobe level, overcoming the problem in the prior art that it is difficult to ensure the processing accuracy due to the small slot size width of the waveguide slot array antenna in the millimeter wave band, so that the waveguide slot array antenna can be processed more accurately in the millimeter wave band; at the same time, the method of adding the inductive diaphragm 8 has a simple structure and convenient design, overcoming the problem of complex antenna design when the waveguide slot array antenna is used to realize the fan beam in the prior art.

[0036] The feeding network 1 includes a coaxial feeding connector and a waveguide power splitter feeding network 1, wherein the power splitter feeding network 1 has a plurality of waveguide power splitters for output, and each waveguide power splitter is connected to the antenna subarray of the antenna array surface 3 through an impedance transformation network 2 structure; the overall structure is symmetrically arranged with respect to the central axis.

[0037] Among them, the lower surface of the waveguide power divider has a second metal ridge, and the placement of the second metal ridge affects the proportional change of the electromagnetic field energy distribution in the waveguide power divider. By reasonably setting the size and position of the second metal ridge, the output port of the feeding network 1 can meet the energy distribution required by the antenna array.

[0038] The impedance transformation network 2 structure includes a waveguide transmission line and a stepped third metal ridge on the lower surface of the waveguide transmission line. This structure completes the impedance matching from the output port of the waveguide power divider to each port of the antenna array surface 3, enabling effective signal transmission.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the antenna array surface 3 is composed of a plurality of antenna sub-arrays; an isolation slot 4 is provided between the plurality of antenna sub-arrays; and the length of the isolation slot 4 is consistent with the length of the antenna sub-array;

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, at the same time, the antenna subarray includes a waveguide 6, the lower surface of the waveguide 6 is fixedly connected with a first metal ridge 7, the first metal ridge 7 is rectangular and extends upward; a radiation slot unit is provided on the upper surface of the waveguide 6, the radiation slot unit has a radiation slot 5, and a plurality of radiation slots 5 are arranged at intervals on both sides of the central axis of the waveguide 6. The size of the radiation slot 5 is about half a working wavelength.

[0041] like Figure 4As shown, multiple inductive diaphragms 8 are integrally formed on both side walls of the waveguide 6, and the multiple inductive diaphragms 8 are symmetrically arranged along the extension direction of the waveguide 6 and the axis of the waveguide 6, and the inductive diaphragms 8 have the same shape and size; at the same time, the distance between two adjacent inductive diaphragms 8 is the same, and the length of the distance is the same as the length of half the wavelength of the waveguide 6. In actual use, the parameters of the radiation gap 5 on the waveguide 6 and the size of the inductive diaphragm 8 are fine-tuned to achieve a perfect beam.

[0042] like Figure 5 As shown, the radiation pattern on the E plane and the H plane is formed by the antenna array surface 3 of the waveguide slot array antenna in this embodiment, forming a wide beam on the E plane and a narrow beam on the H plane, thereby synthesizing a fan-shaped beam with low side lobes in space.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] This embodiment provides a communication device, including the waveguide slot array antenna described in Embodiment 1.

[0045] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A waveguide slot array antenna, comprising a feeding network (1), an impedance transformation network (2) and an antenna array surface (3); The antenna array surface (3) has a plurality of antenna sub-arrays; it is characterized in that: The antenna subarray comprises: A waveguide (6) having a radiation slot unit on its upper surface; A first metal ridge (7) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the waveguide (6) and extends upward; A plurality of inductive diaphragms (8) are arranged on both sides of the waveguide (6); the inductive diaphragms (8) are arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of the waveguide (6) along the extension direction of the waveguide (6); The feeding network (1) comprises a waveguide power splitter feeding network, wherein the power splitter feeding network has a plurality of waveguide power splitters for output, and each waveguide power splitter is connected to an antenna subarray of the antenna array surface (3) via the impedance transformation network (2); wherein the lower surface of the waveguide power splitter has a second metal ridge; The impedance transformation network (2) comprises a waveguide transmission line and a third metal ridge in a stepped shape on the lower surface of the waveguide transmission line.

2. The waveguide slot array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of inductive diaphragms (8) have the same shape and size.

3. The waveguide slot array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between two adjacent inductive diaphragms (8) is the same.

4. The waveguide slot array antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The distance between two adjacent sensitive membranes (8) is half of the waveguide wavelength.

5. The waveguide slot array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: An isolation slot (4) is provided between the two antenna sub-arrays.

6. The waveguide slot array antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The length of the isolation slot (4) is consistent with the length of the antenna subarray.

7. The waveguide slot array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation slot unit comprises a plurality of radiation slots (5); the plurality of radiation slots (5) are arranged at intervals on both sides of the central axis of the waveguide (6).

8. The waveguide slot array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inductive diaphragm (8) and the waveguide (6) are integrally formed.

9. A communication device, characterized in that: A waveguide slot array antenna comprising the waveguide slot array antenna described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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