A seedling root soil separation test bench

Abstract

The present invention discloses a seedling root-soil separation test bench, comprising a test frame, a seedling clamping and conveying device, a soil shaking device and a soil trough platform, wherein the seedling clamping and conveying device is arranged at the upper part of the test frame, the seedling clamping and conveying device clamps the branches and trunks of the seedlings and conveys them to the rear, the soil shaking device is arranged at the middle part of the test frame, the soil shaking device shakes and pats the root soil on the seedling root system to make it shake off, the soil trough platform is arranged at the lower part of the test frame, and the soil trough platform collects the fallen soil on the seedling root system. The present invention can conduct comprehensive tests on different forms of soil shaking mechanisms, obtain the optimal soil shaking mechanism parameters and reduce the seedling root system damage rate through the test, and provide an experimental basis for the design of the subsequent soil shaking mechanism of the seedling lifting equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of test equipment, in particular to a seedling root-soil separation test bench. Background Art

[0002] The seedling cultivation is developing towards the direction of scale and mechanization. The seedling lifting equipment in my country has been basically mature. However, when lifting the seedlings, the seedling lifting mechanism does not achieve ideal separation effect on the roots and soil of the seedlings, and there is root damage. Currently, there is no professional test equipment to conduct experimental research on the seedling lifting mechanism. Based on this, a seedling root and soil separation test bench is designed to conduct experimental research on the soil shaking process of the seedling roots, in order to provide a reference for the subsequent design of the soil shaking mechanism of the seedling lifting equipment. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a seedling root-soil separation test platform to solve the problem that the seedling lifting mechanism has an unsatisfactory effect on the root-soil separation of the seedlings.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention discloses a seedling root-soil separation test platform, comprising:

[0006] Test frame;

[0007] A seedling clamping and conveying device, the seedling clamping and conveying device is arranged on the upper part of the test frame, and the seedling clamping and conveying device clamps the branches of the seedlings and conveys them to the rear;

[0008] A soil shaking device, the soil shaking device is arranged in the middle of the test frame, and the soil shaking device shakes and beats the root soil on the root system of the seedlings to make it shake off;

[0009] A soil trough platform is arranged at the lower part of the test frame, and the soil trough platform collects the fallen soil on the root system of the seedlings.

[0010] Furthermore, the soil shaking device includes a longitudinal vibration soil shaking device and / or a transverse swing soil shaking device.

[0011] Further, the longitudinal vibration soil-shaking device includes a longitudinal vibration screen, the front part of the longitudinal vibration screen is rotatably connected to the vibration screen fixing rod with a horizontal axis as a rotating axis, the two ends of the vibration screen fixing rod are detachably connected to the test frame, and a first driving device for driving the longitudinal vibration screen to vibrate and shake the soil upward and downward is provided on one side of the longitudinal vibration screen;

[0012] The transverse swinging soil shaking device includes a transverse swinging screen, the front part of the transverse swinging screen is rotatably connected to the swinging screen fixing rod with a vertical axis as a rotating axis, the two ends of the swinging screen fixing rod are detachably connected to the test frame, and a second driving device for driving the transverse swinging screen to swing left and right to shake the soil is arranged at the rear of the transverse swinging screen.

[0013] Furthermore, both ends of the vibrating screen fixing rod and the swing screen fixing rod are fixed with U-shaped clips, the U-shaped clips are clamped on the square tube of the test frame, and the openings of the U-shaped clips are locked by bolt assemblies;

[0014] The first driving device comprises a first motor fixed on the test frame, a first eccentric wheel is arranged on the power output shaft of the first motor, a power output part of the first eccentric wheel is connected to the side of the longitudinal vibrating screen through a first connecting rod, and two ends of the first connecting rod are respectively hinged on the first eccentric wheel and the longitudinal vibrating screen;

[0015] The second driving device includes a second motor fixed on the test frame, a power output shaft of the second motor is connected to the pulley power through a belt, the rotating shaft of the pulley is rotatably connected to the pulley bracket, both ends of the pulley bracket are connected to the test frame, the lower end of the pulley rotating shaft is connected to the second eccentric wheel, the power output part of the second eccentric wheel is connected to the transverse swing screen through the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod, the two ends of the second connecting rod are respectively hinged to the second eccentric wheel and the third connecting rod, and the non-hinged end of the third connecting rod is fixedly connected to the transverse swing screen.

[0016] Furthermore, the bottom of the soil trough platform is connected to the test frame through a slide rail mechanism, and the slide rail mechanism is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the soil trough platform.

[0017] Furthermore, the soil trough platform comprises a soil trough shell with an open top structure, in which a plurality of soil collecting partitions perpendicular to the length direction are arranged in parallel and at intervals, and a soil collecting trough is formed between any two adjacent soil collecting partitions.

[0018] Furthermore, the soil trough shell is formed by a bottom plate, two long plates and two short plates, the two short plates are respectively fixed at the two ends of the bottom plate, both ends of the short plate are provided with a first socket with an opening facing upward, and both ends of the long plate are provided with a second socket with an opening facing downward, and the second socket is plugged into the first socket.

[0019] Furthermore, a plurality of detachable area partitions are provided in the soil trough shell, a groove is provided at the bottom of the area partition, the groove is straddled on one of the soil collecting partitions, and downwardly opening sockets are provided on both sides of the area partition, and the sockets are plugged into the long board.

[0020] Furthermore, the cross-sections of the soil collecting partition and the groove are both triangular.

[0021] Furthermore, a control console and a weighing platform are provided on the test frame.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0023] The present invention can conduct comprehensive tests on different forms of soil shaking mechanisms, obtain optimal soil shaking mechanism parameters through experiments and reduce the seedling root damage rate, providing an experimental basis for the design of subsequent soil shaking mechanisms for seedling lifting equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seedling root-soil separation test bench of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the soil shaking device of the present invention and the test frame;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the longitudinal vibration soil shaking device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transverse swing soil shaking device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transverse swing soil shaking device of the present invention from a bottom view;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the soil trough platform of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the soil trough platform of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the end structure of the regional partition of the present invention.

[0033] Description of the accompanying drawings: 1. test frame; 2. seedling clamping and conveying device; 3. soil shaking device; 301. longitudinal vibration soil shaking device; 301-1. longitudinal vibration screen; 301-2. vibration screen fixing rod; 301-3. first driving device; 301-3-1. first motor; 301-3-2. first eccentric wheel; 301-3-3. first connecting rod; 302. transverse swing soil shaking device; 302-1. transverse swing screen; 302-2. swing screen fixing rod; 302-3. second driving device; 302-3-1. second motor; 302-3-2. belt; 3 02-3-3, pulley; 302-3-4, pulley bracket; 302-3-5, second eccentric wheel; 302-3-6, second connecting rod; 302-3-7, third connecting rod; 303, U-shaped card; 4, soil trough platform; 401, soil trough shell; 401-1, bottom plate; 401-2, long plate; 401-3, short plate; 401-4, first socket; 401-5, second socket; 402, soil collecting partition; 403, soil collecting trough; 404, area partition; 404-1, groove; 404-2, socket; 5, slide rail mechanism; 6, control console; 7, weighing platform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the present embodiment discloses a seedling root-soil separation test bench, including a test frame 1, a seedling clamping and conveying device 2, a soil shaking device 3 and a soil trough table 4. The test frame 1 is welded from square steel pipe profiles, and a universal wheel structure can be added to the legs of the frame to facilitate the movement of the frame. The seedling clamping and conveying device 2 is arranged at the upper part of the test frame 1, and the seedling clamping and conveying device 2 clamps the branches and trunks of the seedlings and conveys them to the rear. The soil shaking device 3 is arranged in the middle part of the test frame 1, and the soil shaking device 3 shakes and pats the root soil on the root system of the seedlings to make it shake off. The soil trough table 4 is arranged at the lower part of the test frame 1, and the soil trough table 4 collects the fallen soil on the root system of the seedlings.

[0036] The seedling clamping and conveying device 2 adopts a structural form in which two conveyor belts are arranged side by side. The two conveyor belts clamp the seedlings together, and the power source of the conveyor belts is driven by a motor. In the prior art, Chinese patents with application numbers CN201510015343.X and CN201610045392.2 have already introduced the belt clamping and conveying structure in detail, which will not be repeated here.

[0037] The soil shaking effect of the soil shaking device 3 can be specifically reflected in two aspects: the amount of soil falling and the number of seedling roots broken by shaking. The amount of soil falling of the seedlings directly reflects the soil shaking efficiency of the soil shaking device 3, and the number of seedling roots broken by shaking directly reflects the damage of the seedling root system by the soil shaking device 3. The amount of soil falling of the seedlings can be collected by the soil trough table 4 below, and the number of seedling roots broken by shaking can be statistically obtained by observation and counting. The soil shaking device 3 with ideal mechanical parameters should have a higher soil shaking efficiency and a lower seedling root damage rate.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, the soil shaking device 3 includes a longitudinal vibration soil shaking device 301 and / or a transverse swing soil shaking device 302. The longitudinal vibration soil shaking device 301 and the transverse swing soil shaking device 302 can be installed together or separately. In the present embodiment, the two are installed at the same time and the transverse swing soil shaking device 302 is located behind the longitudinal vibration soil shaking device 301. When installed separately, the soil shaking effects of different soil shaking mechanisms can be compared, and each soil shaking mechanism can be tested separately to obtain the most ideal mechanism parameters. When installed at the same time, the distance between the longitudinal vibration soil shaking device 301 and the transverse swing soil shaking device 302 can be adjusted to obtain the optimal distance parameters and the most ideal mechanism parameters when the two are combined to shake the soil.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, the longitudinal vibration soil-shaking device 301 includes a longitudinal vibration screen 301-1, the front part of the longitudinal vibration screen 301-1 is rotatably connected to the vibration screen fixing rod 301-2 with a horizontal axis as a rotating axis, and the two ends of the vibration screen fixing rod 301-2 are detachably connected to the test frame 1. A first driving device 301-3 for driving the longitudinal vibration screen 301-1 to vibrate and shake the soil up and down is provided on one side of the longitudinal vibration screen 301-1. The first driving device 301-3 includes a first motor 301-3-1 fixed to the test frame 1, and a first eccentric wheel 301-3-2 is provided on the power output shaft of the first motor 301-3-1. The power output part of the first eccentric wheel 301-3-2 is connected to the side of the longitudinal vibration screen 301-1 through a first connecting rod 301-3-3, and the two ends of the first connecting rod 301-3-3 are respectively hinged on the first eccentric wheel 301-3-2 and the longitudinal vibration screen 301-1.

[0040] By adjusting or changing the test parameters such as the rotation speed of the first motor 301-3-1, the size of the first eccentric wheel 301-3-2, the length of the first connecting rod 301-3-3, and the shape of the longitudinal vibrating screen 301-1, the relevant soil shaking test can be performed on the mechanism parameters of the longitudinal vibration soil shaking device 301. It should be noted that the vibration frequency of the longitudinal vibrating screen 301-1 can be tested by adjusting the rotation speed of the first motor 301-3-1. The amplitude of the longitudinal vibrating screen 301-1 can be tested by changing the length of the first connecting rod 301-3-3 and the size of the first eccentric wheel 301-3-2. The shape of the longitudinal vibrating screen 301-1 specifically includes the shape of the vibrating screen fork, the length of the vibrating screen fork, the overall length of the vibrating screen, and the overall width of the vibrating screen.

[0041] like Figure 4 and 5 As shown, the transverse swinging soil shaking device 302 includes a transverse swinging screen 302-1, the front part of the transverse swinging screen 302-1 is rotatably connected to the swinging screen fixing rod 302-2 with a vertical axis as the rotating shaft, and the two ends of the swinging screen fixing rod 302-2 are detachably connected to the test frame 1. A second driving device 302-3 for driving the transverse swinging screen 302-1 to swing left and right to shake the soil is provided at the rear of the transverse swinging screen 302-1. The second driving device 302-3 includes a second motor 302-3-1 fixed to the test frame 1, and the power output shaft of the second motor 302-3-1 is connected to the pulley 302-3-3 through a belt 302-3-2. The rotating shaft of the pulley 302-3-3 is rotatably connected to the pulley bracket 302-3-4. The two ends of the pulley bracket 302-3-4 are connected to the test frame 1 by bolts, and the rotating shaft of the pulley 302-3-3 The lower end is connected to the second eccentric wheel 302-3-5, the power output part of the second eccentric wheel 302-3-5 is connected to the transverse swing screen 302-1 through the second connecting rod 302-3-6 and the third connecting rod 302-3-7, the two ends of the second connecting rod 302-3-6 are respectively hinged on the second eccentric wheel 302-3-5 and the third connecting rod 302-3-7, and the non-hinged end of the third connecting rod 302-3-7 is fixedly connected to the transverse swing screen 302-1.

[0042] By adjusting or changing test parameters such as the rotation speed of the second motor 302-3-1, the size of the second eccentric wheel 302-3-5, the length of the second connecting rod 302-3-6 and the third connecting rod 302-3-7, the shape of the transverse swinging screen 302-1, etc., relevant soil shaking tests can be performed on the mechanism parameters of the transverse swinging soil shaking device 302.

[0043] In this embodiment, both the first motor 301-3-1 and the second motor 302-3-1 are variable frequency motors. U-shaped clips 303 are welded at both ends of the vibrating screen fixing rod 301-2 and the swing screen fixing rod 302-2. The U-shaped clips 303 are clamped on the square tube of the test frame 1, and the opening of the U-shaped clips 303 is locked by a bolt assembly. The U-shaped clips 303 can be used to realize the disassembly and assembly of the longitudinal vibration soil shaking device 301 and the lateral swing soil shaking device 302 and the adjustment of the distance between the two.

[0044] like Figure 1 and 6 As shown, the soil trough platform 4 includes a soil trough shell 401 with a top opening structure, the bottom of which is connected to the test frame 1 through a slide rail mechanism 5. The slide rail mechanism 5 is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the soil trough platform 4. After the seedling root soil is collected, the soil trough platform 4 can be pulled out laterally through the slide rail mechanism 5, and the soil in the soil trough platform 4 is bagged, collected and weighed, so as to obtain the soil shaking efficiency of different soil shaking devices.

[0045] A plurality of soil collecting partitions 402 perpendicular to the length direction are arranged in parallel and spaced apart in the soil trough shell 401, and a soil collecting trough 403 is formed between any two adjacent soil collecting partitions 402. The fallen soil falls by gravity and is distributed in each soil collecting trough 403 below. The fallen soil in each soil collecting trough 403 is collected and weighed, and a distribution curve of the root soil shaken off can be obtained. According to the distribution curve, the soil shaking efficiency of each part of the longitudinal vibrating screen 301-1 or the transverse swinging screen 302-1 can be intuitively obtained.

[0046] like Figure 7 As shown, in order to facilitate the collection of soil in the soil trough shell 401, the soil trough shell 401 is enclosed by a bottom plate 401-1, two long plates 401-2 and two short plates 401-3. Each soil collecting partition 402 is fixed on the bottom plate 401-1. The two short plates 401-3 are respectively welded to the two ends of the bottom plate 401-1, and the two ends of the short plate 401-3 are provided with a first socket 401-4 with an opening facing upward, and the two ends of the long plate 401-2 are provided with a second socket 401-5 with an opening facing downward, and the second socket 401-5 is plugged into the first socket 401-4. When collecting the soil in the soil collecting trough 403, the long plates 401-2 on both sides or one side can be pulled out.

[0047] like Figure 8As shown, a plurality of detachable area partitions 404 are also provided in the soil trough shell 401, and a groove 404-1 is provided at the bottom of the area partition 404, and the groove 404-1 is arranged across one of the soil collecting partitions 402, and both sides of the area partition 404 are provided with a socket 404-2 with an opening facing downward, and the socket 404-2 is plugged into the long plate 401-2. In this embodiment, the cross-sections of the soil collecting partition 402 and the groove 404-1 are both triangular. The purpose of the area partition is to flexibly adjust the area for collecting soil when adjusting the structural parameters such as the length of the longitudinal vibrating screen 301-1, the length of the transverse swinging screen 302-1, or the spacing between the two.

[0048] The test frame 1 is provided with a control console 6 and a weighing platform 7. The weighing platform 7 can weigh the seedling-root-soil complex in advance. The control console 6 has integrated control and display functions and can control the power element in the present technical solution.

[0049] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seedling root soil separation test bench, characterized in that: include: Test frame (1); A seedling clamping and conveying device (2), wherein the seedling clamping and conveying device (2) is arranged on the upper part of the test frame (1), and the seedling clamping and conveying device (2) clamps the branches of the seedlings and conveys them to the rear; A soil shaking device (3), the soil shaking device (3) being arranged in the middle of the test frame (1), and the soil shaking device (3) shaking and patting the root soil on the root system of the seedlings to make it shake off; A soil trough platform (4), the soil trough platform (4) being arranged at the lower part of the test frame (1), and the soil trough platform (4) collecting soil fallen on the root system of the seedlings; The soil trough platform (4) comprises a soil trough shell (401) with a top opening structure, wherein a plurality of soil collecting partitions (402) perpendicular to the length direction are arranged in parallel and at intervals in the soil trough shell (401), and a soil collecting trough (403) is formed between any two adjacent soil collecting partitions (402); The soil trough shell (401) is formed by enclosing a bottom plate (401-1), two long plates (401-2) and two short plates (401-3); the two short plates (401-3) are respectively fixed at two ends of the bottom plate (401-1); both ends of the short plates (401-3) are provided with first sockets (401-4) with openings facing upwards; both ends of the long plates (401-2) are provided with second sockets (401-5) with openings facing downwards; the second sockets (401-5) are plugged into the first sockets (401-4); The soil trough shell (401) is also provided with a plurality of detachable regional partitions (404), the bottom of each regional partition (404) is provided with a groove (404-1), the groove (404-1) is arranged across one of the soil collecting partitions (402), and both sides of each regional partition (404) are provided with sockets (404-2) with openings facing downwards, and the sockets (404-2) are plugged into the long board (401-2); The soil shaking device (3) comprises a longitudinal vibration soil shaking device (301) and / or a transverse swing soil shaking device (302); the mechanism parameters of the longitudinal vibration soil shaking device (301) and / or the transverse swing soil shaking device (302) are adjustable to perform a soil shaking test.

2. The seedling root-soil separation test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal vibration soil-shaking device (301) comprises a longitudinal vibration screen (301-1), the front part of the longitudinal vibration screen (301-1) is rotatably connected to a vibration screen fixing rod (301-2) with a horizontal axis as a rotating axis, the two ends of the vibration screen fixing rod (301-2) are detachably connected to the test frame (1), and a first driving device (301-3) for driving the longitudinal vibration screen (301-1) to vibrate upward and downward to shake the soil is arranged on one side of the longitudinal vibration screen (301-1); The transverse swinging soil shaking device (302) comprises a transverse swinging screen (302-1), the front part of the transverse swinging screen (302-1) is rotatably connected to the swinging screen fixing rod (302-2) with a vertical axis as a rotating axis, the two ends of the swinging screen fixing rod (302-2) are detachably connected to the test frame (1), and a second driving device (302-3) for driving the transverse swinging screen (302-1) to swing left and right to shake the soil is arranged at the rear of the transverse swinging screen (302-1).

3. The seedling root-soil separation test bench according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both ends of the vibrating screen fixing rod (301-2) and the swing screen fixing rod (302-2) are fixed with U-shaped clips (303), the U-shaped clips (303) are clamped on the square tube of the test frame (1), and the openings of the U-shaped clips (303) are locked by bolt assemblies; The first driving device (301-3) comprises a first motor (301-3-1) fixed on the test frame (1); a first eccentric wheel (301-3-2) is arranged on the power output shaft of the first motor (301-3-1); a power output part of the first eccentric wheel (301-3-2) is connected to the side of the longitudinal vibration screen (301-1) through a first connecting rod (301-3-3); two ends of the first connecting rod (301-3-3) are respectively hinged to the first eccentric wheel (301-3-2) and the longitudinal vibration screen (301-1); the second driving device (302-3) comprises a second motor (302-3-1) fixed on the test frame (1); a power output shaft of the second motor (302-3-1) is connected to the pulley (302-3-2) through a belt (302-3-2). -3-3) power connection, the rotating shaft of the pulley (302-3-3) is rotatably connected to the pulley bracket (302-3-4), the two ends of the pulley bracket (302-3-4) are connected to the test frame (1), the lower end of the rotating shaft of the pulley (302-3-3) is connected to the second eccentric wheel (302-3-5), the power output part of the second eccentric wheel (302-3-5) is connected to the transverse swing screen (302-1) through the second connecting rod (302-3-6) and the third connecting rod (302-3-7), the two ends of the second connecting rod (302-3-6) are respectively hinged to the second eccentric wheel (302-3-5) and the third connecting rod (302-3-7), and the non-hinged end of the third connecting rod (302-3-7) is fixedly connected to the transverse swing screen (302-1).

4. The seedling root-soil separation test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the soil trough platform (4) is connected to the test frame (1) via a slide rail mechanism (5), and the slide rail mechanism (5) is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the soil trough platform (4).

5. The seedling root-soil separation test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sections of the soil collecting partition (402) and the groove (404-1) are both triangular.

6. The seedling root-soil separation test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test frame (1) is provided with a control console (6) and a weighing platform (7).

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