A shallow underground station and its seismic isolation support

Abstract

The present invention provides a seismic isolation bearing for a shallow underground station, characterized in that it includes an upper connecting sleeve, a lower connecting column, a shock absorbing pad, a shock absorbing sleeve, a plurality of upper buffer assemblies and a plurality of lower buffer assemblies; the shock absorbing pad and the shock absorbing sleeve are arranged between the upper connecting sleeve and the lower connecting column to play a vertical buffering role, and the upper buffer assembly and the lower buffer assembly together form a double-pivot structure to play a shock absorbing role for horizontal vibrations. A shallow underground station is also provided, characterized in that it includes a top plate, a bottom plate, a plurality of upper longitudinal beams, a plurality of lower longitudinal beams, a plurality of middle columns and a plurality of the above-mentioned seismic isolation bearings, and the seismic isolation bearings are arranged between the middle columns and the upper longitudinal beams to absorb and consume the energy of the earthquake at the weaker parts of the station structure. The seismic isolation bearings described in the present application have good recovery and greatly improved durability. The shallow underground station described in the present invention has small residual deformation of the structure, and the overall seismic resistance of the station is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of anti-seismic of underground stations, in particular to a shallowly buried underground station and a seismic isolation support thereof. Background Art

[0002] Earthquakes are sudden and destructive disasters that threaten the lives and property of people all over the world. As a large-scale transportation hub, underground stations need to have sufficient safety and reliability in the face of various sudden disaster threats. Surveys on earthquake damage to underground station structures have shown that subway station structures will suffer serious damage and even collapse under earthquake loads.

[0003] When an earthquake occurs, the upper covering soil of the shallow underground station connected to the soil around the station is sheared, and the main structure of the station generates inertial force under the action of the earthquake, increasing the axial compression ratio of the middle column structure. As a result, the middle column is sheared under the action of the horizontal earthquake, undergoing large deformation and losing its bearing capacity, which eventually causes the top plate of the station to be damaged by a sudden increase in bending moment and collapse. The reason for the collapse of the middle column is not the lack of vertical bearing capacity, but the lack of sufficient shear bearing capacity, which leads to shear failure.

[0004] At present, although rubber seismic isolation bearings are used on bridges and ground buildings to achieve the purpose of shock absorption, due to the characteristics of structures such as bridges, their design requires sufficient protection against vertical loads (vertical seismic effects) while taking into account the function of horizontal seismic isolation. Their horizontal shock-absorbing effect and self-reset ability are not ideal, and they are particularly unsuitable for the frame structure of shallow underground stations. On the other hand, the structure using rubber seismic isolation bearings with existing technology still has the disadvantages of poor durability, poor recovery, and large residual deformation after earthquake. Summary of the invention

[0005] In response to the problems of the background technology, the present invention provides a seismic isolation bearing and a shallow underground station using the seismic isolation bearing to solve the problems in the prior art that the seismic performance of the shallow underground station is not ideal and the seismic isolation bearings used have poor durability, poor recovery and large residual deformation.

[0006] To achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention provides a seismic isolation support for a shallow underground station, the innovation of which is that it includes an upper connecting sleeve, a lower connecting column, a shock absorbing pad, a shock absorbing sleeve, a plurality of upper buffer components and a plurality of lower buffer components;

[0007] The main body of the upper connecting sleeve is a cylindrical structure, the lower end of the main body is open, and an end cover plate is fixedly arranged on the upper port of the main body, the end cover plate is perpendicular to the axial direction of the main body, and a first boss is arranged on the inner side surface of the end cover plate, the first boss is cylindrical, and the axis of the first boss is colinear with the axis of the main body; a first annular groove is arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the lower part of the main body, the axial direction of the first annular groove extends along the circumferential direction of the main body, and the opening direction of the first annular groove is arranged along the radial direction of the main body; a plurality of through holes are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the upper part of the main body, and the plurality of through holes are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the main body, and the number of the through holes matches the number of the upper buffer assembly;

[0008] The lower connecting column comprises a cylindrical seat, a second boss is arranged on the top surface of the cylindrical seat, the second boss is cylindrical, the axis of the second boss is collinear with the axis of the cylindrical seat, and the diameter of the second boss is equal to the diameter of the first boss; a second annular groove is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical seat, the axial direction of the second annular groove extends along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical seat, and the opening direction of the second annular groove is arranged along the radial direction of the cylindrical seat;

[0009] The shock absorbing pad is a cylindrical structure, and the diameter of the shock absorbing pad is not greater than the diameter of the second boss; the shock absorbing sleeve is a cylindrical structure, and the inner diameter of the shock absorbing sleeve matches the diameter of the second boss;

[0010] The single upper buffer assembly comprises a vertical plate, a shock absorbing column, a core shaft and a first spring, one end of the core shaft is fixedly connected to the middle part of the outer side surface of the vertical plate, the axial direction of the core shaft is perpendicular to the vertical plate, the shock absorbing column is sleeved on the core shaft, the axis of the shock absorbing column is colinear with the axis of the core shaft, the first spring is sleeved on the core shaft, and the length of the first spring is greater than the length of the shock absorbing column; the shock absorbing pad, the shock absorbing sleeve and the shock absorbing column are all made of elastic material;

[0011] The single lower buffer assembly comprises a column, a left support plate, a right support plate and a second spring; the inner ends of the left support plate and the right support plate are both hinged to the column, the inner side surface of the left support plate is opposite to the inner side surface of the right support plate, and the two ends of the second spring are respectively connected to the inner side surface of the left support plate and the inner side surface of the right support plate;

[0012] The lower connecting column is arranged in the upper connecting sleeve, the first boss and the second boss are positioned opposite to each other, the shock-absorbing pad is arranged between the first boss and the second boss, the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the shock-absorbing pad are respectively in contact with the end surface of the first boss and the end surface of the second boss, and the first boss, the shock-absorbing pad and the second boss are all sleeved in the shock-absorbing sleeve; the plurality of upper buffer components are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the shock-absorbing sleeve, the core axes of the plurality of upper buffer components correspond one by one to the positions of the plurality of through holes, the inner side surface of the vertical plate is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the shock-absorbing sleeve, and the position of the shock-absorbing column is consistent with the upper part of the second boss Relatively speaking, the core shaft is sleeved in the corresponding through hole, and the free end of the core shaft extends out of the outer side surface of the main body of the upper connecting sleeve; the plurality of lower buffer components are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the lower connecting column, the column is arranged in the second annular groove, the axial direction of the column is arranged along the axial direction of the lower connecting column, and the two ends of the column are respectively connected to the two side walls of the second annular groove; the opening of the first annular groove is opposite to the opening of the second annular groove; the outer end surfaces of the left support plate and the right support plate are in contact with the bottom surface of the first annular groove; the second spring is initially in a stretched state, and the first spring is initially in a compressed state.

[0013] As an optimization, the elastic material is rubber.

[0014] As an optimization, there are at least four upper buffer components and at least four lower buffer components.

[0015] The present invention also provides a shallow buried underground station, whose innovation lies in: comprising a top plate, a bottom plate, multiple upper longitudinal beams, multiple lower longitudinal beams, multiple middle columns and multiple seismic isolation bearings for shallow buried underground stations as described in claim 1; multiple upper longitudinal beams are arranged on the lower side surface of the top plate, and multiple lower longitudinal beams are arranged on the upper side surface of the bottom plate. The positions of the multiple upper longitudinal beams and the multiple lower longitudinal beams correspond one to one, and the corresponding upper longitudinal beams and lower longitudinal beams are parallel to each other. Multiple middle columns are arranged between the corresponding upper longitudinal beams and lower longitudinal beams. The axial direction of the middle column is arranged in the vertical direction, and the lower end of the middle column is fixedly connected to the lower longitudinal beam. A seismic isolation bearing is arranged between the upper end of a single middle column and the upper longitudinal beam. The seismic isolation bearing is bolted to the upper longitudinal beam through the end cover plate of the upper connecting sleeve, and the seismic isolation bearing is bolted to the middle column through the lower connecting column.

[0016] The principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0017] For above-ground structures such as bridges, the overall load is basically transmitted to the ground through bridge piers and abutments. Bridge piers need to bear a large amount of vertical loads while bearing horizontal earthquakes. Generally speaking, the cross-sectional area of ​​bridge piers is large, which can allow a certain relative displacement between beams and piers without affecting the normal bearing function of bridge piers. Therefore, the sliding rubber bearings in the prior art can be used to achieve the purpose of vertical shock absorption. However, the vertical load of shallow underground stations is relatively small, and as a frame structure, it has good stability. When an earthquake occurs, the fixed foundation is not easy to deflect, which means that the main contradiction of shock absorption of shallow underground stations is concentrated in the horizontal direction. The key issue to be solved is also the horizontal shock absorption of the structure. However, the rubber bearings in the prior art have limited shear resistance and elastic recovery ability of the material itself, so their seismic isolation effect on horizontal vibration loads is not ideal.

[0018] In this application, the inventor creatively utilizes the characteristics of elastic materials that they absorb energy well under compression (rather than shearing) and adopts a unique shock-absorbing structure to better solve the problems existing in the prior art. Specifically, they are as follows:

[0019] When an earthquake occurs, the junction of the middle column and the upper longitudinal beam of a shallow underground station is usually the most vulnerable place. Therefore, the inventor sets the seismic isolation bearing described in this application at the junction of the upper longitudinal beam and the middle column to artificially set a "weak point" to guide the seismic energy to be absorbed and consumed at this point, so as to achieve the purpose of shock absorption and seismic isolation. Structurally, the seismic isolation device described in this application adopts a double-fulcrum structure composed of upper and lower buffer components; when an earthquake occurs, the upper buffer component plays the main seismic isolation role, and its shock-absorbing column and the first spring are both axially stressed under the horizontal vibration load. When the magnitude of the earthquake is small, the energy is absorbed by the compression deformation of the first spring. When the magnitude of the earthquake is high, the first spring and the shock-absorbing column are used to absorb and consume the seismic energy together; and the lower buffer component mainly provides a second fulcrum for the entire structure, so that the upper buffer component structure will not generate bending moment due to the single fulcrum, thereby causing the core axis to be Deformation occurs, which reduces the seismic isolation performance of the entire upper buffer assembly; on the other hand, the lower buffer assembly also has the function of auxiliary shock absorption, but because the displacement stroke of the lower buffer assembly is smaller than that of the upper buffer assembly when the middle column deflects during an earthquake, if the structure of the upper buffer assembly is adopted, due to the small axial displacement, the deformation of the spring and the shock-absorbing column is small, and the energy absorption effect is poor. The inventor creatively sets a second spring between the left and right support plates, so that when the two support plates are separated under pressure, the energy is absorbed by the tensile deformation of the second spring, which can maximize the role of the second spring to further absorb earthquake energy. Through the above-mentioned double-pivot and double-layer buffer structure, the horizontal vibration energy of the earthquake can be well absorbed and consumed, and the balance of the entire structure can be maintained, so that the durability of the entire structure is greatly improved. At the same time, since multiple elastic structural parts are used for seismic isolation, the deformation recovery is good, which greatly reduces the residual deformation caused by the earthquake and effectively reduces the earthquake damage. Moreover, the upper buffer components and lower buffer components of the present application are independent of each other, and the influence of each buffer component on other buffer components is minimized. Damage to some buffer components will not affect the continued functioning of other buffer components, further ensuring the durability and reliability of the entire seismic isolation structure.

[0020] In addition, since the various components of the seismic isolation bearing described in the present application are relatively independent and easy to assemble and disassemble, it is convenient to configure the size of each elastic member according to design requirements, and it is also convenient to maintain and replace each elastic member during use.

[0021] It can be seen that the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the seismic isolation bearing described in the present application has good recovery and greatly improved durability, the shallow underground station described in the present invention has small residual deformation of the structure, and the overall seismic performance of the station is greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings of the present invention are as follows.

[0023] Attached Figure 2It is the structural schematic diagram of the seismic isolation bearing;

[0024] Attached Figure 1 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of

[0025] Attached Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the lower buffer component;

[0026] Attached Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a shallow underground station.

[0027] In the figure: 1. upper connecting sleeve; 2. lower connecting column; 3. shock-absorbing pad; 4. shock-absorbing sleeve; 5. upper buffer assembly; 6. lower buffer assembly; 7. top plate; 8. bottom plate; 9. upper longitudinal beam; 10. lower longitudinal beam; 11. main body; 12. end cover plate; 13. first boss; 14. first annular groove; 21. cylindrical seat; 22. second boss; 23. second annular groove; 51. vertical plate; 52. shock-absorbing column; 53. core shaft; 54. first spring; 61. vertical column; 62. left support plate; 63. right support plate; 64. second spring; 101. middle column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0029] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 The seismic isolation support for a shallow underground station shown includes an upper connecting sleeve 1, a lower connecting column 2, a shock absorbing pad 3, a shock absorbing sleeve 4, a plurality of upper buffer assemblies 5 and a plurality of lower buffer assemblies 6;

[0030] The main body 11 of the upper connecting sleeve 1 is a cylindrical structure, the lower end of the main body 11 is open, and the upper port of the main body 11 is fixedly provided with an end cover plate 12, the end cover plate 12 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the main body 11, and a first boss 13 is provided on the inner side surface of the end cover plate 12, the first boss 13 is cylindrical, and the axis of the first boss 13 is collinear with the axis of the main body 11; a first annular groove 14 is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the lower part of the main body 11, the axial direction of the first annular groove 14 extends along the circumferential direction of the main body 11, and the opening direction of the first annular groove 14 is provided along the radial direction of the main body 11; a plurality of through holes are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the upper part of the main body 11, and the plurality of through holes are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the main body 11, and the number of the through holes matches the number of the upper buffer assembly 5;

[0031] The lower connecting column 2 includes a cylindrical seat 21, a second boss 22 is arranged on the top surface of the cylindrical seat 21, the second boss 22 is cylindrical, the axis of the second boss 22 is collinear with the axis of the cylindrical seat 21, and the diameter of the second boss 22 is equal to the diameter of the first boss 13; a second annular groove 23 is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical seat 21, the axial direction of the second annular groove 23 extends along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical seat 21, and the opening direction of the second annular groove 23 is arranged along the radial direction of the cylindrical seat 21;

[0032] The shock absorbing pad 3 is a cylindrical structure, and the diameter of the shock absorbing pad 3 is not greater than the diameter of the second boss 22; the shock absorbing sleeve 4 is a cylindrical structure, and the inner diameter of the shock absorbing sleeve 4 matches the diameter of the second boss 22;

[0033] The single upper buffer assembly 5 includes a vertical plate 51, a shock absorbing column 52, a core shaft 53 and a first spring 54. One end of the core shaft 53 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the outer side surface of the vertical plate 51. The axial direction of the core shaft 53 is perpendicular to the vertical plate 51. The shock absorbing column 52 is sleeved on the core shaft 53. The axis of the shock absorbing column 52 is colinear with the axis of the core shaft 53. The first spring 54 is sleeved on the core shaft 53. The length of the first spring 54 is greater than the length of the shock absorbing column 52. The shock absorbing pad 3, the shock absorbing sleeve 4 and the shock absorbing column 52 are all made of rubber, and can also be made of other elastic materials.

[0034] As attached Figure 3 The lower buffer assembly 6 shown includes a column 61, a left support plate 62, a right support plate 63 and a second spring 64; the inner ends of the left support plate 62 and the right support plate 63 are both hinged to the column 61, the inner side surface of the left support plate 62 is opposite to the inner side surface of the right support plate 63, and the two ends of the second spring 64 are respectively connected to the inner side surface of the left support plate 62 and the inner side surface of the right support plate 63;

[0035] The lower connecting column 2 is arranged in the upper connecting sleeve 1, the first boss 13 and the second boss 22 are opposite to each other, the shock-absorbing pad 3 is arranged between the first boss 13 and the second boss 22, the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the shock-absorbing pad 3 are in contact with the end surface of the first boss 13 and the end surface of the second boss 22 respectively, the first boss 13, the shock-absorbing pad 3 and the second boss 22 are all sleeved in the shock-absorbing sleeve 4; the plurality of upper buffer components 5 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the shock-absorbing sleeve 4, the core shafts 53 of the plurality of upper buffer components 5 correspond to the positions of the plurality of through holes one by one, the inner side surface of the vertical plate 51 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the shock-absorbing sleeve 4, the position of the shock-absorbing column 52 is consistent with the upper part of the second boss 22 Relatively speaking, the core shaft 53 is sleeved in the corresponding through hole, and the free end of the core shaft 53 extends out of the outer side surface of the main body 11 of the upper connecting sleeve 1; the plurality of lower buffer assemblies 6 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the lower connecting column 2, and the column 61 is arranged in the second annular groove 23, and the axial direction of the column 61 is arranged along the axial direction of the lower connecting column 2, and the two ends of the column 61 are respectively connected to the two side walls of the second annular groove 23; the first annular groove 14 is opposite to the opening of the second annular groove 23; the outer end surfaces of the left support plate 62 and the right support plate 63 are both in contact with the bottom surface of the first annular groove 14; the second spring 64 is initially in a stretched state, and the first spring 54 is initially in a compressed state.

[0036] In order to ensure that the seismic isolation support can achieve an ideal shock-absorbing effect against vibrations from all directions in the horizontal direction, there are at least four upper buffer components 5 and at least four lower buffer components 6.

[0037] As attached Figure 4The shallow buried underground station shown in the figure comprises a top plate 7, a bottom plate 8, a plurality of upper longitudinal beams 9, a plurality of lower longitudinal beams 10, a plurality of middle columns 101 and a plurality of seismic isolation bearings for shallow buried underground stations as described in claim 1; a plurality of upper longitudinal beams 9 are arranged on the lower side surface of the top plate 7, a plurality of lower longitudinal beams 10 are arranged on the upper side surface of the bottom plate 8, the positions of the plurality of upper longitudinal beams 9 and the plurality of lower longitudinal beams 10 correspond one to one, the corresponding upper longitudinal beams 9 and the lower longitudinal beams 10 are parallel to each other, a plurality of middle columns 101 are arranged between the corresponding upper longitudinal beams 9 and the lower longitudinal beams 10, the axial direction of the middle column 101 is arranged in the vertical direction, the lower end of the middle column 101 is fixedly connected to the lower longitudinal beam 10, and a single An isolation bearing is arranged between the upper end of the middle column 101 and the upper longitudinal beam 9. The isolation bearing is bolted to the upper longitudinal beam 9 through the end cover plate 12 of the upper connecting sleeve 1. The isolation bearing is bolted to the middle column 101 through the lower connecting column 2. In this embodiment, a plurality of bolt holes are arranged on the end cover plate 12, and a plurality of matching threaded holes are arranged at corresponding positions of the upper longitudinal beam 9, so that the upper connecting sleeve 1 and the upper longitudinal beam 9 can be connected by bolts; a plurality of bolt holes are arranged on the lower side wall of the second annular groove 23 of the lower connecting column 2, and a plurality of matching threaded holes are arranged at corresponding positions on the upper end surface of the middle column 101, so that the lower connecting column 2 and the middle column 101 can be connected by bolts.

Claims

1. A seismic isolation bearing for a shallow underground station, characterized in that: It comprises an upper connecting sleeve (1), a lower connecting column (2), a shock absorbing pad (3), a shock absorbing sleeve (4), a plurality of upper buffering components (5) and a plurality of lower buffering components (6); The main body (11) of the upper connecting sleeve (1) is a cylindrical structure, the lower end of the main body (11) is open, and the upper end of the main body (11) is fixedly provided with an end cover plate (12), the end cover plate (12) is perpendicular to the axial direction of the main body (11), and a first boss (13) is provided on the inner side surface of the end cover plate (12), the first boss (13) is cylindrical, and the axis of the first boss (13) is colinear with the axis of the main body (11); a first annular groove (14) is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the lower part of the main body (11), the axial direction of the first annular groove (14) extends along the circumferential direction of the main body (11), and the opening direction of the first annular groove (14) is provided along the radial direction of the main body (11); a plurality of through holes are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the upper part of the main body (11), and the plurality of through holes are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the main body (11), and the number of the through holes matches the number of the upper buffer assembly (5); The lower connecting column (2) comprises a cylindrical seat (21), a second boss (22) is arranged on the top surface of the cylindrical seat (21), the second boss (22) is cylindrical, the axis of the second boss (22) is colinear with the axis of the cylindrical seat (21), and the diameter of the second boss (22) is equal to the diameter of the first boss (13); a second annular groove (23) is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical seat (21), the axial direction of the second annular groove (23) extends along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical seat (21), and the opening direction of the second annular groove (23) is arranged along the radial direction of the cylindrical seat (21); The shock absorbing pad (3) is a cylindrical structure, and the diameter of the shock absorbing pad (3) is not greater than the diameter of the second boss (22); the shock absorbing sleeve (4) is a cylindrical structure, and the inner diameter of the shock absorbing sleeve (4) matches the diameter of the second boss (22); A single upper buffer assembly (5) comprises a vertical plate (51), a shock absorbing column (52), a core shaft (53) and a first spring (54); one end of the core shaft (53) is fixedly connected to the middle part of the outer side surface of the vertical plate (51); the axial direction of the core shaft (53) is perpendicular to the vertical plate (51); the shock absorbing column (52) is sleeved on the core shaft (53); the axis of the shock absorbing column (52) is colinear with the axis of the core shaft (53); the first spring (54) is sleeved on the core shaft (53); the length of the first spring (54) is greater than the length of the shock absorbing column (52); the shock absorbing pad (3), the shock absorbing sleeve (4) and the shock absorbing column (52) are all made of elastic material; A single lower buffer assembly (6) comprises a column (61), a left support plate (62), a right support plate (63) and a second spring (64); the inner ends of the left support plate (62) and the right support plate (63) are both hinged to the column (61), the inner side surface of the left support plate (62) is opposite to the inner side surface of the right support plate (63), and the two ends of the second spring (64) are respectively connected to the inner side surface of the left support plate (62) and the inner side surface of the right support plate (63); The lower connecting column (2) is arranged in the upper connecting sleeve (1), the first boss (13) and the second boss (22) are positioned opposite to each other, the shock absorbing pad (3) is arranged between the first boss (13) and the second boss (22), the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the shock absorbing pad (3) are respectively in contact with the end surface of the first boss (13) and the end surface of the second boss (22), and the first boss (13), the shock absorbing pad (3) and the second boss (22) are all sleeved in the shock absorbing sleeve (4); a plurality of the upper buffer components (5) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the shock absorbing sleeve (4), the core shafts (53) of the plurality of the upper buffer components (5) correspond to the positions of the plurality of through holes one by one, the inner side surface of the vertical plate (51) contacts the outer peripheral surface of the shock absorbing sleeve (4), the position of the shock absorbing column (52) is opposite to the upper part of the second boss (22), the core shaft (53) is sleeved in the corresponding through hole, and the core shaft The free end of (53) extends out of the outer side surface of the main body (11) of the upper connecting sleeve (1); the plurality of lower buffer components (6) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the lower connecting column (2); the column (61) is arranged in the second annular groove (23); the axial direction of the column (61) is arranged along the axial direction of the lower connecting column (2); the two ends of the column (61) are respectively connected to the two side walls of the second annular groove (23); the first annular groove (14) is opposite to the opening of the second annular groove (23); the outer end surfaces of the left support plate (62) and the right support plate (63) are both in contact with the bottom surface of the first annular groove (14); the second spring (64) is initially in a stretched state, and the first spring (54) is initially in a compressed state; the upper end surface of the shock absorbing sleeve (4) is in contact with the inner side surface of the end cover plate (12), and the lower end surface of the shock absorbing sleeve (4) is in contact with the top surface of the cylindrical seat (21).

2. The seismic isolation support for a shallow underground station as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: There are at least four upper buffer components (5) and at least four lower buffer components (6).

3. The seismic isolation support for a shallow underground station according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The elastic material is rubber.

4. A shallow underground station, characterized in that: The invention comprises a top plate (7), a bottom plate (8), a plurality of upper longitudinal beams (9), a plurality of lower longitudinal beams (10), a plurality of middle columns (101) and a plurality of seismic isolation bearings for a shallow underground station as claimed in claim 1; the plurality of upper longitudinal beams (9) are arranged on the lower side of the top plate (7), the plurality of lower longitudinal beams (10) are arranged on the upper side of the bottom plate (8), the positions of the plurality of upper longitudinal beams (9) and the plurality of lower longitudinal beams (10) correspond one to one, the corresponding upper longitudinal beams (9) and the lower longitudinal beams (10) are parallel to each other, and the corresponding upper longitudinal beams (9) and the lower longitudinal beams (10) are parallel to each other. A plurality of middle columns (101) are arranged between the lower longitudinal beam (10) and the middle column (101), the axial direction of the middle column (101) being arranged along the vertical direction, the lower end of the middle column (101) being fixedly connected to the lower longitudinal beam (10), and a seismic isolation support being arranged between the upper end of a single middle column (101) and the upper longitudinal beam (9), the seismic isolation support being bolted to the upper longitudinal beam (9) via an end cover plate (12) of an upper connecting sleeve (1), and the seismic isolation support being bolted to the middle column (101) via a lower connecting column (2).

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