A horizontal crusher for compound fertilizer

Abstract

The present invention provides a horizontal crusher for compound fertilizer, comprising a machine base, a crushing barrel and a driving device arranged on the machine base, and also comprising a crushing device arranged in the crushing barrel and driven by the driving device, wherein the crushing device comprises a rotating shaft arranged in the crushing barrel and driven by the driving device, spiral blades arranged on the rotating shaft and spaced apart, and crushing blades fixed on the spiral blades. The horizontal crusher for compound fertilizer provided by the present invention adopts a horizontal cylinder, wherein the material enters from the top of one side, and is discharged from the bottom of the other side after passing through the crushing area, thereby greatly prolonging the contact time between the material and the crushing device in the cylinder; the rotating shaft in the horizontal cylinder is provided with spiral blades, and the crushing blades form a clockwise spiral structure on the periphery of the rotating shaft, which can complete the cutting and crushing of the raw materials of the compound fertilizer, and can also promote the movement of the raw materials of the compound fertilizer in the horizontal cylinder, and effectively control the relative balance of the material level height inside the cylinder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of compound fertilizer processing equipment, in particular to a horizontal crusher for compound fertilizer. Background Art

[0002] Compound fertilizer refers to a fertilizer containing two or more nutrient elements. It is widely used in agricultural planting in my country because of its high nutrient content, good by-components and physical properties, and its ability to effectively improve fertilizer utilization and promote high and stable yields of crops. In the processing of compound fertilizer, the raw materials of compound fertilizer are prone to agglomeration. Before further processing, the agglomerated raw materials need to be crushed to ensure that the particles of the raw materials meet the particle size required for processing. The raw materials of compound fertilizer are generally various nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, such as urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfide, etc. The raw materials of compound fertilizer enter the crusher as compound fertilizer raw materials for crushing.

[0003] There are many types of crushers currently available for compound fertilizer processing, most of which are directly introduced from mineral processing equipment or pharmaceutical processing equipment. They are poorly targeted, and different equipment is prone to various problems in compound fertilizer processing. For example, the existing chain crusher provides an impact force to the incoming compound fertilizer raw materials through a high-speed rotating ring chain to crush the compound fertilizer raw materials. The particle size of the compound fertilizer raw materials processed by the chain crusher is determined by the number of chain layers. Since the chain speed of the chain crusher is high and the wear is severe, the chain needs to be replaced frequently during use. For some compound fertilizer raw materials with high humidity, it is easy to hang on the wall when crushed. The compound fertilizer raw materials hanging on the wall will corrode the chain and the inner wall of the wall-breaking barrel. In severe cases, it will cause the equipment to be overloaded and burn out the motor.

[0004] The existing toothed wall-breaking machine impacts and crushes the compound fertilizer raw materials through the high-speed rotation of the gears on the rollers. However, the toothed wall-breaking machine is only suitable for coarse crushing of compound fertilizer raw materials with larger particles. For crushing compound fertilizer raw materials with a particle diameter of less than or equal to 2 mm, its effect and efficiency are very poor, and it cannot meet the needs of compound fertilizer processing.

[0005] Existing hammer crushers generally use a vertical cylinder, a straight up and down feeding and discharging method, and a row of blades are hung on the cutter shaft to crush the materials passing through the cylinder. When feeding large particles, the blades of the hammer crusher are very easy to be damaged, and the blade replacement rate of the hammer crusher is high, the contact time with the raw materials of compound fertilizer is short, and the crushing effect is poor. In order to ensure the crushing effect, a filter screen needs to be set at the bottom of the discharge port. However, the setting of the filter screen will cause the material to accumulate and block the outlet, causing inevitable damage to the blades at the outlet.

[0006] In the existing compound fertilizer processing process, roller presses are also used to crush materials. However, the crushing efficiency and speed of roller presses are lower than those of other crushers. Especially for some compound fertilizer raw materials with high moisture requirements, roller presses are prone to sticking to the wall, which can easily lead to mechanical failure.

[0007] In summary, the above-mentioned hammer crusher, chain crusher, toothed wall breaker and roller press are used to crush the raw materials of compound fertilizer in the compound fertilizer processing process. However, the following problems occur when using the above-mentioned equipment: First, the residence time of the raw materials of compound fertilizer in the crusher is short, and they cannot fully and effectively contact with the crushing equipment, resulting in poor crushing effect, and the particle diameter of the raw materials of compound fertilizer after crushing cannot meet the particle size requirements of compound fertilizer; second, the crushing efficiency of the crusher for the raw materials of compound fertilizer is too low, and it cannot meet the requirements of compound fertilizer processing; third, for some raw materials of compound fertilizer with high humidity, it is easy to form a wall, causing the crusher to malfunction or the blade to be damaged, resulting in high subsequent maintenance costs of the equipment. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the existing equipment for crushing the raw materials of compound fertilizer in the process of compound fertilizer processing, such as poor crushing effect and low efficiency, which cannot meet the production demand of compound fertilizer processing, and the high equipment failure rate caused by the easy wall formation of the raw materials of compound fertilizer with high humidity, and to provide a horizontal crusher for compound fertilizer.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a horizontal crusher for compound fertilizer, including a machine base, a crushing drum and a driving device arranged on the machine base, and also including a crushing device arranged in the crushing drum and driven by the driving device, the crushing drum includes a horizontal cylinder body, a feed port arranged above one side of the horizontal cylinder body and a discharge port arranged below the other side of the horizontal cylinder body; the crushing device includes a rotating shaft arranged in the crushing cylinder and driven by the driving device, a plurality of spiral blades arranged on the rotating shaft and spaced apart, and a plurality of crushing blades fixed on the spiral blades.

[0010] Furthermore, each of the spiral blades is fixed on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, the diameter of the spiral blade is 1.5-2 times the diameter of the rotating shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the thickness of the spiral blade gradually decreases from the feed inlet toward the discharge outlet.

[0013] Furthermore, each of the spiral blades is provided with at least two blade fixing positions, and an end of each of the crushing blades is fixed to the blade fixing position by a fastener.

[0014] Specifically, a clearance groove is provided between adjacent blade fixing positions on the spiral blade.

[0015] Furthermore, the hardness of the crushing blade is HRC55-58.

[0016] Furthermore, the thickness of the crushing blade gradually decreases from the feed inlet toward the discharge outlet.

[0017] Furthermore, the crushing device also includes at least one set of material shifting components arranged on the rotating shaft.

[0018] Specifically, each set of the material-moving components includes at least two material-moving blades arranged perpendicular to the rotating shaft.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the horizontal crusher for compound fertilizer provided by the present invention are as follows: a horizontal cylinder is adopted, and a feed port and a discharge port are respectively arranged on both sides of the horizontal cylinder, and the materials enter from the upper side of one side of the horizontal cylinder and are discharged from the lower side of the other side after passing through the crushing area, which can greatly prolong the contact time between the materials and the crushing device in the cylinder, thereby improving the crushing efficiency; spiral blades are arranged on the rotating shaft in the horizontal cylinder, and the crushing blades are fixed by the spiral blades, so that the crushing blades form a clockwise spiral structure on the periphery of the rotating shaft, and the crushing blades can complete the cutting and crushing of the compound fertilizer raw materials, and can also promote the movement of the compound fertilizer raw materials in the horizontal cylinder, thereby ensuring the residence time of the compound fertilizer raw materials in the horizontal cylinder, and at the same time avoiding the accumulation of compound fertilizer raw materials in the horizontal cylinder and causing damage to the crushing blades, thereby effectively controlling the relative balance of the material level height inside the horizontal cylinder, and under the drive of a driving device with the same power, the crushing effect in the crushing cylinder can be greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a horizontal crusher for compound fertilizer provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a side view of a horizontal crusher for compound fertilizer provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Full cross-sectional view of middle AA;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a crushing device in a horizontal crusher for compound fertilizer provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a front view of a crushing device in a horizontal crusher for compound fertilizer provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 The invention discloses a front view of a spiral blade of a crushing device in a horizontal crusher for compound fertilizer.

[0026] In the figure: 100-horizontal crusher for compound fertilizer, 10-base, 11-pulley assembly, 12-bearing seat, 20-crushing cylinder, 21-horizontal cylinder, 211-crushing zone, 2111-coarse crushing zone, 2112-transition zone, 2113-fine crushing zone, 212-feeding zone, 22-feeding port, 23-discharging port, 231-gate valve, 24-inspection cover, 30-driving device, 40-crushing device, 41-rotating shaft, 42-spiral blade, 421-blade fixing position, 422-avoidance groove, 43-crushing blade, 44-feeding assembly, 441-feeding blade, 442-feeding tooth, L1-diameter of the rotating shaft, L2-diameter of the spiral blade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0028] See also Figure 1-Figure 6 , is a horizontal crusher 100 for compound fertilizer provided by the present invention. The horizontal crusher 100 for compound fertilizer provided by the present invention is mainly used in the processing of compound fertilizer, and can crush the particle size of compound fertilizer raw materials from large particles of 20-100mm into small particles of less than 1-2mm, and can also effectively prevent the problem of cylinder wall adhesion for compound fertilizer raw materials with high humidity.

[0029] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, the horizontal crusher 100 for compound fertilizer provided by the present invention comprises a machine base 10, a crushing barrel 20 arranged on the machine base 10, a driving device 30, and a crushing device 40 arranged in the crushing barrel 20 and driven by the driving device 30. The crushing device 40 in the crushing barrel 20 is driven by the driving device 30 to crush the compound fertilizer raw materials entering the crushing barrel 20. The machine base 10 is arranged horizontally, and the crushing barrel 20 and the driving device 30 located above it can be connected together, and the stability of the components located above it can be maintained. Figure 3 As shown, the crushing device 40 is arranged inside the crushing cylinder 20, and is connected to the driving device 30 through the pulley assembly 11 located at the end of the crushing cylinder 20. In this embodiment, the driving device 30 is a motor arranged on the machine base 10, and the pulley assembly 11 is driven by the motor to rotate, and then the pulley assembly 11 transmits the power of the motor to the crushing device 40.

[0030] Furthermore, if Figure 3 As shown, the crushing barrel 20 in a horizontal crusher 100 for compound fertilizer provided by the present invention includes a horizontal barrel 21, a feed port 22 arranged above one side of the horizontal barrel 21, and a discharge port 23 arranged below the other side of the horizontal barrel 21. The horizontal barrel 21 is a cylindrical structure arranged horizontally, wherein the feed port 22 is located above the side wall of one end of the cylindrical barrel, and the feed port 22 is located at a high position. The discharge port 23 is located below the side wall of the other end of the cylindrical barrel, and the discharge port 23 is located at a low position. The compound fertilizer raw materials enter the horizontal barrel 21 from the feed port 22 and are then discharged from the discharge port 23. Compared with the vertical barrel, the horizontal barrel 21 can prolong the time that the compound fertilizer raw materials stay in the barrel, and the compound fertilizer raw materials are fully in contact with the crushing device 40 in the horizontal barrel 21 from feeding to discharging, thereby improving the use efficiency and crushing effect of the crushing device 40. However, the horizontal cylinder 21 is adopted, and the compound fertilizer raw materials enter from the end of the cylinder and are discharged from the other end, which will cause the compound fertilizer raw materials to easily accumulate at the end of the feeding end of the horizontal cylinder 21. Therefore, it is necessary to set a component in the cylinder to drive the compound fertilizer raw materials to move so as to balance the material level inside the horizontal cylinder 21 to always be in a relatively balanced state, otherwise the accumulated compound fertilizer raw materials will damage the crushing device 40 in the horizontal cylinder 21. Therefore, the crushing device 40 provided in the horizontal crusher 100 for compound fertilizer provided by the present invention can not only provide crushing for the compound fertilizer raw materials, but also take into account the function of pushing the compound fertilizer raw materials to move in the horizontal cylinder 21, thereby ensuring that there will be no problems of material accumulation, fullness or overload operation inside the horizontal cylinder 21.

[0031] Furthermore, the crushing cylinder 20 provided in the present invention is provided with a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene plate (not shown in the figure) on the inner wall of the horizontal cylinder 21 so as to make the horizontal cylinder 21 suitable for the processing and use of compound fertilizer and meet the requirements of crushing some compound fertilizer raw materials with high water content. The problem of compound fertilizer raw materials hanging on the wall can be effectively prevented by providing the polytetrafluoroethylene plate on the inner wall of the horizontal cylinder 21, and the compound fertilizer raw materials can be prevented from being clumped on the inner wall of the horizontal cylinder 21, thereby preventing the compound fertilizer raw materials from being damaged by the crushing device 40.

[0032] Furthermore, if Figure 3As shown, a horizontal crusher 100 for compound fertilizer provided by the present invention also includes a gate valve 231 arranged at the discharge port 23. The gate valve 231 arranged at the discharge port 23 can be a pneumatic, electric and hydraulically driven valve, and the discharge port 23 is opened or closed by the gate valve 231. The discharge flow rate at the discharge port 23 can be adjusted by the gate valve 231. Preferably, a mesh screen (not shown in the figure) can be arranged at the gate valve 231, and the mesh screen is used to control the particle size of the compound fertilizer raw material discharged at the discharge port 23 to be the desired particle size. After the mesh screen is arranged, the compound fertilizer raw material is easy to accumulate at the discharge port 23.

[0033] Specifically, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the horizontal cylinder 21 in the crushing cylinder 20 includes a crushing zone 211 and a material-discharging zone 212 which are connected in sequence. The crushing zone 211 is connected to the feed port 22, and the material-discharging zone 212 is connected to the discharge port 23. The raw materials of compound fertilizer enter the horizontal cylinder 21 and first pass through the crushing zone 211 for crushing operation, and then enter the material-discharging zone 212 for discharge. The horizontal cylinder 21 is mainly divided into the crushing zone 211 and the material-discharging zone 212, wherein the vertical area connected between the horizontal cylinder 21 and the discharge port 23 is the material-discharging zone 212, and the space in the horizontal cylinder 21 except the area above the discharge port 23 belongs to the crushing zone 211. After the raw materials of compound fertilizer enter from the feed port 22, they first pass through the crushing zone 211 for crushing before entering the material-discharging zone 212 for discharge. The setting of the material shifting area 212 can effectively solve the problem that the material cannot be discharged at the discharge port 23 due to the accumulation of compound fertilizer raw materials after the mesh screen is set. While ensuring that the discharged material reaches the required particle size, it can also prevent material accumulation at the discharge port 23.

[0034] Furthermore, if Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the crushing device 40 in the horizontal crusher 100 for compound fertilizer provided by the present invention comprises a rotating shaft 41 arranged in the crushing barrel 20 and driven by the driving device 30, a plurality of spiral blades 42 arranged at intervals on the rotating shaft 41, and a plurality of crushing blades 43 fixed on the spiral blades 42. The rotating shaft 41 is provided with a plurality of spiral blades 42, and the plurality of crushing blades 43 can be fixed on the same spiral blade 42 or different spiral blades 42 as needed.

[0035] like Figure 3As shown, the rotating shaft 41 in the crushing device 40 extends from both ends of the horizontal cylinder 21 and is respectively fixed on two bearing seats 12 located on both sides of the machine base 10. One end of the rotating shaft 41 is fixedly connected to the pulley assembly 11 located at one end of the crushing cylinder 20 through the bearing seat 12, and the rotating shaft 41 is connected to the driving device 30 through the pulley assembly 11. In this embodiment, the rotating shaft 41 is driven by the driving device 30, and the rotation speed can be controlled in the horizontal cylinder 21. In order to meet the needs of compound fertilizer processing, the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 41 is generally controlled between 1430-2900r / min. In the present invention, the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 41 in the crushing device 40 also determines the time that the compound fertilizer raw material stays in the crushing zone 211 in the horizontal cylinder 21 and the cutting force of the crushing blade 43 on the compound fertilizer raw material. Therefore, the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 41 cannot be too fast, otherwise the compound fertilizer raw materials cannot fully contact with the crushing blades 43 for cutting and crushing. If the rotation speed is too slow, the crushing and cutting operations of the crushing blades 43 will be greatly reduced, not only failing to meet the processing output requirements of the compound fertilizer, but also easily accumulating the compound fertilizer raw materials in the cylinder, failing to meet the requirements of small particle size of the compound fertilizer raw materials after crushing.

[0036] The crushing device 40 provided by the present invention can not only crush the compound fertilizer raw materials entering the horizontal cylinder 21, but also promote the movement of the compound fertilizer raw materials in the horizontal cylinder 21, ensuring that the compound fertilizer raw materials will not accumulate inside the horizontal cylinder 21. By arranging the spiral blade 42 on the rotating shaft 41, a driving force is provided to move toward one end of the discharge port 23 for the compound fertilizer raw materials whose material level is higher than the lowest position of the spiral blade 42 while the rotating shaft 41 rotates, and the compound fertilizer raw materials are driven forward in the cylinder by the driving force. When the compound fertilizer raw materials entering the horizontal cylinder 21 gradually accumulate to the height of the spiral blade 41 on one side of the feed port 22, the compound fertilizer raw materials will quickly move toward the discharge port 23 through the rotation and promotion of the spiral blade 41, thereby effectively controlling the height of the material level in the horizontal cylinder 21. During the general crushing operation, the material input and output are relatively stable, and the material level of the compound fertilizer raw material is generally lower than the lowest level of the spiral blade 42. At this time, the spiral blade 42 only drives the crushing blade 43 located thereon to rotate, but cannot push the compound fertilizer material located at the bottom thereof to move.

[0037] The crushing blade 43 in the crushing device 40 provided by the present invention is fixed on the spiral blade 41, so that a flexible connection is formed between the crushing blade 43 and the spiral blade 41. The crushing blade 43, such as Figure 4As shown, it is a long strip-shaped sheet structure. Several crushing blades 43 are fixed on the spiral blade 41, and a blade group with a spiral structure distribution is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 41. The blade group with a spiral structure distribution rotates spirally with the rotating shaft 41 during the rotation of the rotating shaft 41, so that the blade group can not only cut and crush the compound fertilizer raw materials entering the horizontal cylinder 21, but also provide a driving force for the compound fertilizer raw materials to move toward the discharge port 23 while rotating. The blade group with a spiral structure can not only realize the crushing of the compound fertilizer raw materials, but also realize the advancement of the compound fertilizer raw materials at the same time, ensuring that the internal material level of the horizontal cylinder 21 is always in a relatively balanced position. The cooperation between the horizontal cylinder 21 and the crushing device 40 can ensure the residence time of the compound fertilizer raw materials in the horizontal cylinder 21, and can also control the residence time of the compound fertilizer raw materials in the horizontal cylinder 21, ensuring that the compound fertilizer raw materials can fully contact with the crushing blades 43, and improving the crushing efficiency and crushing effect of the crushing device 40.

[0038] In the crushing device 40 provided by the present invention, a spiral blade 42 is arranged on the rotating shaft 41, and a crushing blade 43 is fixed on the spiral blade 42, that is, the number of crushing blades 43 in the whole crushing device 40 can be adjusted very flexibly, and the crushing effect in each area of ​​the whole horizontal cylinder 21 can be adjusted very flexibly. Different crushing blades 43 can be selected or the number of crushing blades 43 can be increased or decreased according to different raw materials of compound fertilizer, so as to achieve the best crushing effect in the crushing cylinder 20. The number of crushing blades 43 in the whole crushing device 40 can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of crushing blades 43 on the same spiral blade 42. Crushing blades 43 can also be arranged at intervals on multiple spiral blades 42, that is, a crushing blade 43 is arranged on one spiral blade 42, and two adjacent spiral blades 42 are hung empty without crushing blades 43, so as to adjust the number of crushing blades 43 in the crushing device 40.

[0039] At the same time, the crushing device 40 can also adjust the arrangement of the crushing blades 43 on the rotating shaft 21 according to the different raw materials of the compound fertilizer entering the crushing barrel 20. The crushing blades 43 can be arranged more closely on the spiral blades 42 near the side of the feed port 22, and the crushing blades 43 can be arranged loosely on the spiral blades 42 near the side of the discharge port 23 to achieve the best crushing effect of the raw materials of the compound fertilizer. Of course, the crushing blades 43 can also be arranged as loosely as possible at both ends of the rotating shaft 41 near the feed port 22 and the discharge port 23, and the crushing blades 43 can be arranged as tightly as possible at the interruption of the rotating shaft 41. The adjustment of the crushing effect can be achieved in different ways, so that the crushing device 40 provided by the present invention can be used in the processing of compound fertilizers with different required particle sizes, and can also be used for different materials of compound fertilizers. The arrangement scheme of the crushing blades 43 can be flexibly adjusted according to the needs. The crushing blades 43 in the crushing device 40 can be freely increased or decreased according to the needs of different raw materials of compound fertilizers and different production capacities to achieve different processing effects. In this embodiment, the number of the crushing blades 43 in the crushing device 40 can be set to 50-200 on the spiral blade 42.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, in a horizontal crusher 100 for compound fertilizer provided by the present invention, an inspection cover 24 is also provided on the side wall of the horizontal cylinder body 21 of the crushing cylinder 20, through which the spiral blades 42 and the crushing blades 43 in the crushing device 40 can be well adjusted, maintained and replaced during the later use and maintenance.

[0041] Furthermore, if Figure 3 As shown, in a horizontal crusher 100 for compound fertilizer provided by the present invention, the spiral blade 42 in the crushing device 40 is fixed on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 41, and the spiral blade 42 is rigidly connected to the rotating shaft 41. Inside the horizontal cylinder 21, the spiral blade 42 is located in the crushing zone 211 of the horizontal cylinder 21. In this embodiment, the crushing cylinder 20 is a cylindrical cylinder with a cylinder diameter of 600mm and a length of 1000mm, wherein the width of the discharge port 23 is 300mm, that is, the area within the width of 300mm at the end of the horizontal cylinder 21 is the material-dispensing area 212, and the area within the width of 700mm near the feeding port 22 of the horizontal cylinder 21 is the crushing zone 211. The rotating shaft 41 is provided with the spiral blade 42 within the 700mm width range located in the crushing zone 211. The spiral blades 42 are formed by stretching, and each spiral blade 42 needs to be individually mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 41. In this embodiment, after each spiral blade 42 is individually processed, it needs to be fixed to the rotating shaft 41 one by one by welding.

[0042] Furthermore, the diameter of the spiral blade 42 is 1.5-2 times the diameter of the shaft 41. The shaft 41 in the crushing device 40 can be selected with a shaft diameter of 80-160MM as the main shaft according to actual needs and matching with the driving device 30. The spiral blade 42 is fixed on the outer diameter of the shaft 41, such as Figure 6 As shown, the diameter L2 of the spiral blade 42 needs to be between 1.5-2 times the diameter L1 of the rotating shaft 41, so that the crushing blade 43 can be installed on the spiral blade 42 to crush the compound fertilizer raw materials, and there can be enough rigidity to connect the rotating shaft 41 and the crushing blade 43, and simultaneously push the compound fertilizer raw materials forward. When the shaft diameter L1 of the selected rotating shaft 41 of the spiral blade 42 is 80-160mm, the diameter L2 of the spiral blade 42 is selected to be 150-300mm. In this embodiment, the diameter L2 of the spiral blade 42 is 1.875 times the diameter L1 of the rotating shaft 41, that is, in this embodiment, the shaft diameter L1 of the rotating shaft 41 of the crushing device 40 is 80mm, and correspondingly, the diameter L2 of the spiral blade 42 is 150mm. At the same time, the diameter L2 of the spiral blade 42 should be less than or equal to half of the inner diameter of the horizontal cylinder 21 to ensure that the crushing blade 43 can be fixed on the outer side of the spiral blade 42, and it is also necessary to ensure that there is a certain gap between the crushing blade 43 and the inner wall of the horizontal cylinder 21. In this embodiment, the gap between the crushing blade 43 fixed on the spiral blade 42 and the inner wall of the horizontal cylinder 21 is about 5 mm.

[0043] Further, the pitch of the spiral blade 42 in the crushing device 40 is 0.25-0.4 times the diameter of the rotating shaft 41. The spiral speed of the spiral blade 42 is the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 41. When determining the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 41, the pitch of the spiral blade 42 can be adjusted according to the output demand of the crusher. In this embodiment, the pitch of the spiral blade 42 is also the spacing between adjacent spiral blades 42. In this embodiment, the pitch of the spiral blade 42 is 50mm. In the crushing area 211 of the entire horizontal cylinder 21, there are 140 spiral blades 42 on the rotating shaft 41, and adjacent spiral blades 42 need to be arranged at intervals of 50mm.

[0044] Furthermore, if Figure 4As shown, in a horizontal crusher 100 for compound fertilizer provided by the present invention, the crushing zone 211 of the horizontal cylinder 21 is further divided into three sections: front, middle and back. The front section is the coarse crushing zone 2111, the middle section is the transition zone 2112, and the back section is the fine crushing zone 2113. The front section is the vertical area where the horizontal cylinder 21 is connected to the feed port 22. The width of the front section coarse crushing zone 2111 is roughly the width of the feed port 22, and the width of the coarse crushing zone 2111 is 250-350mm. The area between the feed port 22 and the discharge port 23 of the horizontal cylinder 21 is divided into two parts: the middle section and the back section. The middle section is the transition zone 2112, and the width of the transition zone 2112 is 200mm. The back section is connected to the material-pickup zone 212 as the fine crushing zone 2113, and the width of the fine crushing zone 2113 is 200mm. In the coarse crushing area 2111, the particle size of the compound fertilizer raw material received by the spiral blade 42 is relatively large, and as the compound fertilizer raw material advances in the horizontal cylinder 21, the particle size of the compound fertilizer raw material gradually decreases. Therefore, the thickness of the spiral blade 42 gradually decreases from the feed port 22 to the discharge port 23. Generally speaking, the thickness of the spiral blade 42 is between 3-15 mm, and the thickness of the spiral blade 42 can be adjusted according to the requirements of different compound fertilizer raw materials. Among them, in order to meet the crushing requirements of the larger particle size of the material entering the feed port 22, the thickness of the spiral blade 42 is controlled between 12-15 mm in the coarse crushing area 2111 of the front section. In the transition area 2112 to the middle of the horizontal cylinder 21, as a transition blade, the thickness of the spiral blade 42 is controlled between 6-12 mm. When the material is close to the discharge port 23, in order to achieve the purpose of fine crushing into powder, the thickness of the spiral blades 42 in the fine crushing area 2113 of the rear section is controlled between 3-6 mm. The thickness of the spiral blades 42 is gradually reduced from the feed port 22 to the discharge port 23, which can ensure that the crushing effect meets the processing requirements while maximizing the cost reduction.

[0045] In this embodiment, the thickness of the spiral blade 42 is reduced from 12 mm to 3 mm. The thickness of the coarse crushing area 2111 located in the front section is the largest, and the thickness of the spiral blade 42 located in this area is 12 mm. As the spiral blade 42 is continuously arranged toward the discharge port 23, the thickness of the spiral blade 42 is 6 mm in the transition zone 2112 of the middle section, until the thickness is 3 mm near the discharge port 23. The thickness of the spiral blade 42 is gradually reduced, which can not only ensure that the spiral blade 42 will not be damaged by physical impact during the crushing process, but also the spiral blade 42 with a larger thickness in the front section has better rigidity, ensuring that the front section can have a larger driving force to drive the compound fertilizer raw materials forward, and avoid the compound fertilizer raw materials from accumulating at the feeding end of the horizontal cylinder 21 after entering the horizontal cylinder 21. At the same time, during the crushing process of the compound fertilizer raw materials, the spiral blades 42 can always control the material level height inside the horizontal cylinder 21, so that the material level can reach the lowest end of the spiral blades 42 at most. When the material level reaches the bottom of the spiral blades 42, the compound fertilizer raw materials will be directly pushed to the discharge port 23 by the spiral blades 42. The setting of the spiral blades 42 can ensure that the horizontal cylinder 21 will never be full of material or accumulated material, and will not be overloaded, thereby extending the service life of the crushing blades 43 located inside the horizontal cylinder 21.

[0046] Furthermore, if Figure 6 As shown, at least two blade fixing positions 421 are provided on each spiral blade 42. Generally speaking, each spiral blade 42 has 4-8 blade fixing positions 421 evenly distributed along its radial direction. In this embodiment, 8 blade fixing positions 421 are provided on each spiral blade 42. The end of each crushing blade 43 is fixed to the blade fixing position 421 by a fastener. One end of the crushing blade 43 in the crushing device 40 provided by the present invention can be conveniently fixed to the blade fixing position 421 of the spiral blade 42 by fasteners such as fastening bolts and latches. In order to reduce the deadweight of the spiral blade 42 and reduce the load of the rotating shaft 41 driving the spiral blade 42 to rotate, an air avoidance groove 422 is provided between adjacent blade fixing positions 421 on the spiral blade 42. The air avoidance groove 422 is provided between two adjacent blade fixing positions 421. In this embodiment, 8 blade fixing positions 421 are evenly distributed along the radial direction on each spiral blade 42. The avoidance groove 422 is disposed between every two adjacent blade fixing positions 421 .

[0047] Furthermore, the crushing blade 43 in the crushing device 40 provided by the present invention is an important component for crushing the compound fertilizer raw materials entering the crusher. In the compound fertilizer processing, a crushing blade 43 with a higher hardness is required to complete the crushing of the compound fertilizer raw materials with a particle size of 0-200mm. The hardness of the crushing blade 43 in the crushing device 40 provided by the present invention is HRC55-58. The crushing blade 43 in the crushing device 40 can be made of high-hardness materials such as tungsten carbide, high-speed steel or alloy steel. Among them, when high-speed steel and alloy steel are used as the crushing blade 43, they can have a good service life and reduce the cost of later maintenance.

[0048] Specifically, the end of the crushing blade 43 is fixed on the spiral blade 42, and the crushing blade 43 is distributed in the crushing zone 211 of the horizontal cylinder 21. In the three sections of the coarse crushing zone 2111, the transition zone 2112 and the fine crushing zone 2113 of the crushing zone 211, the compound fertilizer raw materials of different particle sizes are crushed respectively. Therefore, the thickness of the crushing blade 43 gradually decreases from the feed port 22 to the discharge port 23. The thickness of the crushing blade 43 in the crushing device 40 of the present invention is between 3-20mm. If the thickness of the crushing blade 43 is too thick, the blade sharpness is not enough, the load of the entire crushing device 40 is too large, and the corresponding whole machine consumption is large, which is not conducive to the cost saving demand when crushing a large number of compound fertilizer raw materials. If the thickness of the crushing blade 43 is too thin, the strength of the entire crushing blade 43 is not enough, it is easy to be damaged in the coarse crushing zone 2111, and it is not conducive to the later blade maintenance, which increases the replacement frequency and maintenance cost of the blade. In this embodiment, the thickness of the crushing blade 43 in the crushing device 40 gradually decreases from the feed port 22 to the discharge port 23. Among them, in the crushing area, the crushing blade 43 is mainly for large-particle compound fertilizer raw materials with a particle size of 50-200mm. The crushing blade 43 in this area uses a blade with a high hardness of 12-18mm. In this embodiment, the crushing blade 43 uses a high-speed steel blade with a thickness of 12mm to meet the use of compound fertilizer processing. In the transition zone 2112, the particle size of the compound fertilizer raw materials crushed by the crushing blade 43 is basically 5-20mm, and the crushing blade 43 in this area uses a blade with a thickness of 8-12mm. In the fine crushing area 2113, the particle size of the compound fertilizer raw materials crushed by the crushing blade 43 is basically below 5mm. In this area, the crushing blade 43 uses a blade with a thickness of 3-8mm. Generally, in the field of compound fertilizer processing, the crushing blade 43 in the fine crushing area 2113 uses a blade with a thickness of 5mm to meet the needs of compound fertilizer crushing processing.

[0049] Furthermore, if Figure 4As shown, the crushing device 40 provided by the present invention also includes at least one group of material-dispensing components 44 arranged on the rotating shaft 41, and the material-dispensing components 44 are located in the material-dispensing area 212 of the crushing cylinder 20. The material-dispensing components 44 are arranged at the end of the horizontal cylinder 21, and with the rotation of the rotating shaft 41, the material-dispensing components 43 are driven to rotate at the discharge port 23, so that the compound fertilizer raw materials moved to the end of the horizontal cylinder 21 and accumulated are turned over, which is convenient for unloading. Since the spiral blades 42 and the crushing blades 43 in the crushing device 40 provide a driving force for the compound fertilizer raw materials to move toward the end during the rotation of the rotating shaft 41, the compound fertilizer raw materials are easily accumulated at the end of the horizontal cylinder 21, and even easily generate wall problems on the side walls of the discharge port 23 of the horizontal cylinder 21. In order to prevent the compound fertilizer raw materials from piling up, clumping, or sticking to the wall at the discharge port 23, a material shifting assembly 44 is provided at the material shifting area 212 to turn over the compound fertilizer raw materials in the area, thereby ensuring smooth material discharge at the discharge port 23 and keeping the material level in the entire horizontal cylinder 21 from the feed port 22 to the discharge port 23 at a stable material level height.

[0050] Specifically, in the material shifting area 212, each set of material shifting components 44 is arranged at least 100 mm apart along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 41, that is, the distance between two adjacent sets of material shifting components 44 is more than 100 mm, thereby achieving a better material shifting effect.

[0051] Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, each set of material-digging components 44 includes at least two material-digging blades 441 arranged perpendicular to the rotating shaft 41, and adjacent material-digging blades 441 are arranged at least 90° apart in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 41. In this embodiment, there are two sets of material-digging components 44 in the material-digging area 212, and each set of material-digging components 44 has two material-digging blades 441 distributed in the same radial direction, and the two material-digging blades 441 of the two sets are spaced 180° and 90° apart in the radial direction, respectively. Among them, on a set of material-digging blades 441 close to the end wall of the horizontal cylinder 21, the material-digging blades 441 are also provided with scraping teeth 442 on one side close to the end wall, and as the rotating shaft 41 rotates, the wall material on the end wall of the horizontal cylinder 21 can be scraped off by the scraping teeth 442.

[0052] A horizontal crusher 100 for compound fertilizer provided by the present invention comprises a horizontal cylinder 21, and a feed port 22 and a discharge port 23 are respectively arranged on both sides of the horizontal cylinder 21. The material enters from the upper side of one side of the horizontal cylinder 21, and is discharged from the lower side of the other side after passing through the crushing area 211, which can greatly prolong the contact time between the compound fertilizer raw materials and the crushing device in the cylinder, thereby improving the crushing efficiency; a spiral blade 42 is arranged on the rotating shaft 41 in the horizontal cylinder 21, and a crushing blade 434 is fixed by the spiral blade 42, so that the crushing blade 43 forms a clockwise spiral structure on the periphery of the rotating shaft 41, and the crushing blade 43 can complete the cutting of the compound fertilizer raw materials. and crushing, and can also promote the movement of the compound fertilizer raw materials in the horizontal cylinder 21, ensure the residence time of the compound fertilizer raw materials in the horizontal cylinder 21, and at the same time avoid the accumulation of compound fertilizer raw materials in the horizontal cylinder 21 and damage to the crushing blade 43, thereby effectively controlling the relative balance of the material level height inside the horizontal cylinder 21. Under the drive of the driving device 30 of the same power, the crushing effect in the crushing cylinder 20 can be greatly improved; the design of the rotating shaft 41, the spiral blade 42 and the crushing blade 43 in the entire crushing device 40 is reasonable, the processing cost of the spiral blade 42 is low, and after cooperating with the rotating shaft 41, a better crushing effect is achieved under the smallest possible load.

[0053] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A horizontal crusher for compound fertilizer, characterized in that: The invention comprises a machine base, a crushing drum and a driving device arranged on the machine base, and also comprises a crushing device arranged in the crushing drum and driven by the driving device, wherein the crushing drum comprises a horizontal cylinder, a feed port arranged above one side of the horizontal cylinder, and a discharge port arranged below the other side of the horizontal cylinder; the crushing device comprises a rotating shaft arranged in the crushing drum and driven by the driving device, a plurality of spiral blades arranged on the rotating shaft and distributed at intervals, and a plurality of crushing blades fixed on the spiral blades, each of the spiral blades being provided with at least two blade fixing The end of each crushing blade is fixed to the blade fixing position by a fastener; the horizontal cylinder includes a crushing area and a material-discharging area which are connected in sequence, the crushing area is connected to the feed port, and the material-discharging area is connected to the discharge port; the crushing device also includes at least one group of material-discharging components arranged on the rotating shaft, the material-discharging components are located in the material-discharging area of ​​the crushing cylinder, each group of the material-discharging components includes at least two material-discharging blades arranged perpendicular to the rotating shaft, and on a group of the material-discharging blades close to the end wall of the horizontal cylinder, the material-discharging blades are also provided with scraping teeth on one side close to the end wall.

2. A horizontal crusher for compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the spiral blades is fixed on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft.

3. A horizontal crusher for compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the spiral blade is 1.5-2 times the diameter of the rotating shaft.

4. A horizontal crusher for compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the spiral blade gradually decreases from the feed inlet toward the discharge outlet.

5. A horizontal crusher for compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A clearance groove is arranged between adjacent blade fixing positions on the spiral blade.

6. A horizontal crusher for compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hardness of the crushing blade is HRC55-58.

7. A horizontal crusher for compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the crushing blade gradually decreases from the feed inlet toward the discharge outlet.

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