A sediment mechanics in-situ measurement device

Abstract

The present application relates to an in-situ sediment mechanics measurement device, which relates to the field of marine environmental engineering, and includes an outer frame, an inner frame, a first driving mechanism, a mechanical measuring mechanism, and an opening and closing assembly. The inner frame is arranged in the outer frame, and a detection port is provided at its bottom end; one end of the first driving mechanism is connected to the outer frame, and the other end is connected to the inner frame, and is used to drive the inner frame to move along the height direction of the outer frame so that the inner frame extends out of the outer frame; the mechanical measuring mechanism is installed in the inner frame, and can extend downward through the detection port to measure the mechanical properties of the sediment; the opening and closing assembly is arranged at the bottom end of the inner frame, and includes a second driving mechanism and at least one pressing plate, and the second driving mechanism is connected to the pressing plate, and is used to drive the pressing plate to move to open or close the detection port. The present application can realize the control of the inner frame pressing amount or ground pressure ratio, greatly improve the similarity between the in-situ sediment measurement state and the actual operation state, and fully meet the mechanical data measurement requirements of specific operation scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of marine environmental engineering, and in particular to an in-situ measurement device for sediment mechanics. Background Art

[0002] Seabed sediments are the interface between the ocean water and the seabed, and are also the first object that humans face when they understand, explore, and develop and utilize the seabed. The material properties of seabed sediments are important aspects of seabed environmental monitoring, seabed resource development, and marine engineering. By measuring the penetration resistance of sediments, key data for calculating the bearing capacity of sediments is provided for the burial and placement of seabed equipment. By measuring the shear strength of sediments, necessary core data is provided for the motion design of seabed mobile equipment and the settlement design of long-term seabed equipment.

[0003] In the related art, sediment mechanics measurement devices usually perform measurements directly after the frame sits on the bottom. They are unable to perform press-in measurements or even vibration press-in measurements, and are unable to provide data support for certain specific operating scenarios, such as the movement of submarine crawler vehicles, resulting in limitations in measurements. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiment of the present application provides an in-situ sediment mechanics measurement device to solve the problem that the sediment mechanics measurement device in the related art cannot perform pressure-in measurement, resulting in large measurement limitations.

[0005] In a first aspect, a sediment mechanics in-situ measurement device is provided, comprising:

[0006] Frame;

[0007] An inner frame is assembled in the outer frame and has a detection port at its bottom;

[0008] A first driving mechanism, one end of which is connected to the outer frame and the other end of which is connected to the inner frame, and is used to drive the inner frame to move along the height direction of the outer frame so that the inner frame extends out of the outer frame;

[0009] A mechanical measuring mechanism, which is installed in the inner frame and can extend downward through the detection port to measure the mechanical properties of the sediment;

[0010] The opening and closing assembly is assembled at the bottom end of the inner frame and comprises a second driving mechanism and at least one pressing plate. The second driving mechanism is connected to the pressing plate and is used to drive the pressing plate to move so as to open or close the detection port.

[0011] In some embodiments, the sediment mechanics in-situ measurement device further comprises:

[0012] A displacement sensor, two ends of which are respectively arranged on the outer frame and the inner frame, and used to detect a first distance between the bottom end of the inner frame and the bottom end of the outer frame;

[0013] A near-bottom surface measuring mechanism, which is assembled on the outer frame and is used to detect a second distance between the bottom end of the outer frame and the seabed-seawater interface;

[0014] A controller is connected to the displacement sensor and the near-bottom-layer surface measuring mechanism, and is used to obtain an actual amount of the inner frame being pressed into the sediment according to the first distance and the second distance.

[0015] In some embodiments, the controller is also connected to the first driving mechanism, and is used to determine whether to stop pressing based on the relationship between the actual pressing amount and the preset pressing amount, and control the first driving mechanism to perform corresponding actions; and is also used to control the driving force of the first driving mechanism so that the inner frame is pressed into the sediment according to a preset ground pressure ratio.

[0016] In some embodiments, the actual pressing amount H is calculated using the following formula: 实际 :

[0017] H 实际 =h+H

[0018] Wherein: h is the second distance; H is the first distance.

[0019] In some embodiments, the sediment mechanics in-situ measurement device further includes a vibration mechanism, which is disposed on the inner frame and is used to drive the inner frame to vibrate.

[0020] In some embodiments, the first driving mechanism comprises:

[0021] A cylinder body connected to the outer frame;

[0022] A driving rod has one end extending into the cylinder body of the oil cylinder and the other end connected to the inner frame and is used for driving the inner frame to move up and down.

[0023] In some embodiments, the opening and closing assembly includes two pressing plates, and the second driving mechanism is used to drive the two pressing plates to move closer to each other to close on the detection port; or to move away from each other to open the detection port.

[0024] In some embodiments, the second driving mechanism comprises:

[0025] A bidirectional screw rod, which is horizontally arranged at the bottom end of the inner frame;

[0026] Two sleeves, the two sleeves are respectively screwed to the two ends of the bidirectional screw rod; and the two sleeves are respectively connected to the two pressing plates;

[0027] The first driver is connected to the bidirectional screw rod and is used to drive the bidirectional screw rod to rotate so as to drive the two pressing plates to move closer to or farther from each other.

[0028] In some embodiments, the sediment mechanics in-situ measurement device further includes a sampling mechanism, which is installed in the inner frame. A sampling port is also provided at the bottom of the inner frame, and the sampling mechanism can extend downward from the sampling port to obtain a tubular sample of sediment.

[0029] In some embodiments, the inner frame is slidably mounted on the outer frame via a guide mechanism, and the guide mechanism comprises:

[0030] A guide rod vertically connected to the outer frame;

[0031] The sliding sleeve has one end fixedly connected to the inner frame and the other end sleeved on the guide rod and can slide along the axial direction of the guide rod.

[0032] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided in the present application include: the inner frame of the sediment mechanics in-situ measurement device in the embodiment of the present application does not descend under the action of gravity, but is driven by the first driving mechanism to descend and is pressed into the sediment, which can realize the control of the pressing amount of the inner frame or the grounding pressure ratio, greatly improve the similarity between the in-situ measurement state of the sediment and the actual operation state, and fully meet the mechanical data measurement needs of specific operation scenarios.

[0033] An embodiment of the present application provides an in-situ measurement device for sediment mechanics. Since the in-situ measurement device for sediment mechanics of the embodiment of the present application can realize direct measurement and pressure measurement of sediments, it can provide key data for calculating the bearing capacity of sediments for the burial and placement of seabed equipment, and can provide necessary core data for the motion design of seabed mobile equipment, the settlement design of long-term seabed deployment equipment, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the sediment mechanics in-situ measurement device provided in an embodiment of the present application (the inner frame partially extends out of the outer frame);

[0036] Figure 2 A front view of the sediment mechanics in-situ measurement device provided in an embodiment of the present application (the inner frame does not extend beyond the outer frame);

[0037] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of AA direction;

[0038] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the sediment mechanics in-situ measurement device provided in an embodiment of the present application (a mechanical measurement mechanism protrudes out of a detection port, and a sampling mechanism protrudes out of a sampling port).

[0039] In the figure: 1. outer frame; 2. inner frame; 20. detection port; 21. sampling port; 22. guide mechanism; 220. guide rod; 221. sleeve; 3. first driving mechanism; 30. cylinder body; 31. driving rod; 4. mechanical measuring mechanism; 5. opening and closing assembly; 50. second driving mechanism; 500. bidirectional screw rod; 501. sleeve; 51. pressure plate; 6. vibration mechanism; 7. displacement sensor; 8. near-bottom surface measuring mechanism; 9. sampling mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] See also Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides an in-situ measurement device for sediment mechanics, which includes an outer frame 1, an inner frame 2, a first driving mechanism 3, a mechanical measuring mechanism 4 and an opening and closing assembly 5, wherein the inner frame 2 is assembled in the outer frame 1, and a detection port 20 is opened at its bottom end; one end of the first driving mechanism 3 is connected to the outer frame 1, and the other end is connected to the inner frame 2, and is used to drive the inner frame 2 to move along the height direction of the outer frame 1 so that the inner frame 2 extends out of the outer frame 1; the mechanical measuring mechanism 4 is installed in the inner frame 2, and can extend downward through the detection port 20 to measure the mechanical properties of the sediment; the opening and closing assembly 5 is assembled at the bottom end of the inner frame 2, and includes a second driving mechanism 50 and at least one pressing plate 51, the second driving mechanism 50 is connected to the pressing plate 51, and is used to drive the pressing plate 51 to move to open or close the detection port 20.

[0042] The sediment mechanics in-situ measurement device of the embodiment of the present application can realize direct measurement and pressure-in measurement of sediments, wherein the process of direct measurement is: after the outer frame 1 is seated, the second driving mechanism 50 drives the pressing plate 51 to move to open the detection port 20; then the mechanical measurement mechanism 4 is started, so that the mechanical measurement mechanism 4 moves to the detection port 20 and extends into the sediment to perform in-situ detection of the sediment. The process of pressure-in measurement is: after the outer frame 1 is seated, the first driving mechanism 3 drives the inner frame 2 to move downward so that the inner frame 2 extends out of the outer frame 1 and the pressing plate 51 is pressed into the sediment; then, the pressing plate 51 is driven to move by the second driving mechanism 50 to open the detection port 20 and expose the pressed sediment; finally, the mechanical measurement mechanism 4 is started so that the mechanical measurement mechanism 4 extends out of the detection port 20 and penetrates into the sediment to measure the mechanical parameters of the sediment after heavy pressure.

[0043] The inner frame 2 in the embodiment of the present application does not descend under the action of gravity, but is driven by the first driving mechanism 3 to descend and is pressed into the sediment. This can control the pressing amount of the inner frame 2 or the ground pressure ratio, greatly improve the similarity between the in-situ measurement state of the sediment and the actual operating state, and fully meet the mechanical data measurement requirements of specific operating scenarios.

[0044] The mechanical measurement mechanism 4 in the embodiment of the present application includes a penetration resistance measurement mechanism and a shear strength measurement mechanism. The penetration resistance measurement mechanism is used to measure the penetration resistance of the sediment, and provide key data for calculating the bearing capacity of the sediment for the burial and placement of the submarine equipment; the shear strength measurement mechanism is used to measure the shear strength of the sediment, and provide necessary core data for the motion design of submarine mobile equipment, the settlement design of submarine long-term deployment equipment, etc. The mechanical measurement mechanism 4 measures the penetration resistance and shear strength of the sediment by controlling the penetration motor and the shear motor according to the penetration speed and shear speed required by the soil mechanics measurement specification.

[0045] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the sediment mechanics in-situ measurement device also includes a displacement sensor 7, a near-bottom surface measurement mechanism 8 and a controller. The two ends of the displacement sensor 7 are respectively arranged on the outer frame 1 and the inner frame 2, and are used to detect a first distance H between the bottom end of the inner frame 2 and the bottom end of the outer frame 1; the near-bottom surface measurement mechanism 8 is arranged on the outer frame 1, and is used to detect a second distance h between the bottom end of the outer frame 1 and the seabed-seawater interface; the controller is connected to both the displacement sensor 7 and the near-bottom surface measurement mechanism 8, and is used to obtain the actual amount of pressure of the inner frame 2 into the sediment according to the first distance H and the second distance h.

[0046] When the direct measurement method is adopted, the distance between the seabed-seawater interface and the bottom end of the outer frame 1 is measured by the near-bottom surface measurement mechanism 8 .

[0047] When the press-in measurement method is adopted, after the outer frame sits on the bottom, the inner frame 2 is driven downward by the first driving mechanism 3 to make the inner frame 2 extend out of the outer frame 1 and the pressure plate 51 is pressed into the sediment; the near-bottom surface measuring mechanism 8 is used to measure the second distance between the seabed-seawater interface and the bottom end of the outer frame 1 at this time, and the displacement sensor 7 is used to measure the first distance H between the bottom end of the inner frame 2 and the bottom end of the outer frame 1; the controller determines the actual amount of pressure of the inner frame 2 into the sediment based on the first distance H and the second distance h, so as to realize the control of the pressure amount.

[0048] Furthermore, the controller is also connected to the first driving mechanism 3, and is used to determine whether to stop pressing according to the relationship between the actual pressing amount and the preset pressing amount, and control the first driving mechanism 3 to perform corresponding actions.

[0049] That is, if the actual pressing amount reaches the preset pressing amount, it is determined to stop pressing and control the first drive mechanism 3 to stop running; if the actual pressing amount does not reach the preset pressing amount, it is determined to continue pressing until the actual pressing amount reaches the preset pressing amount.

[0050] The controller can also control the driving force of the first driving mechanism 3 by adjusting the oil supply pressure of the first driving mechanism 3, so as to control the inner frame 2 to be pressed into the sediment according to a preset grounding pressure ratio.

[0051] Preferably, the actual pressing amount H is calculated using the following formula: 实际 :

[0052] H 实际 =h+H

[0053] Where: h is the second distance; H is the first distance.

[0054] Optional, see Figure 2 As shown, the sediment mechanics in-situ measurement device further includes a vibration mechanism 6 , which is disposed on the inner frame 2 and is used to drive the inner frame 2 to vibrate.

[0055] The sediment mechanics in-situ measurement device of the embodiment of the present application also has the function of vibration and pressure measurement. The specific measurement process is: after the outer frame 1 is seated, the inner frame 2 is driven to move downward by the first driving mechanism 3, so that the inner frame 2 extends out of the outer frame 1 and the pressure plate 51 is pressed into the sediment; then, the vibration mechanism 6 is started to drive the pressure plate 51 to vibrate, and the vibration frequency of the pressure plate 51 can be adjusted; the pressure plate 51 is then driven to move by the second driving mechanism 50 to open the detection port 20 to expose the vibrated and pressed sediment; finally, the mechanical measurement mechanism 4 is started to make the mechanical measurement mechanism 4 protrude out of the detection port 20 and into the sediment to measure the mechanical parameters of the sediment after vibration and heavy pressure.

[0056] Optional, see Figure 1 As shown, the first driving mechanism 3 includes a cylinder body 30 and a driving rod 31. The cylinder body 30 is connected to the outer frame 1. One end of the driving rod 31 extends into the cylinder body 30, and the other end is connected to the inner frame 2 and is used to drive the inner frame 2 to move up and down.

[0057] By controlling the extension amount and extension speed of the driving rod 31, the pressing amount and pressing speed of the pressing plate 51 in the sediment are controlled, so that the pressing amount and pressing speed are adjustable, and the similarity between the sediment measurement state and the actual operation state is improved.

[0058] Furthermore, the opening and closing assembly 5 includes two pressing plates 51 , and the second driving mechanism 50 is used to drive the two pressing plates 51 to move closer to each other to close on the detection port 20 ; or to move away from each other to open the detection port 20 .

[0059] Furthermore, the second driving mechanism 50 includes a bidirectional screw rod 500, two sleeves 501 and a first driver. The bidirectional screw rod 500 is horizontally arranged at the bottom end of the inner frame 2; the two sleeves 501 are respectively screwed on the two ends of the bidirectional screw rod 500; and the two sleeves 501 are respectively connected to the two pressure plates 51; the first driver is connected to the bidirectional screw rod 500, and is used to drive the bidirectional screw rod 500 to rotate, so as to drive the two pressure plates 51 to move closer to or away from each other.

[0060] Specifically: the first driver drives the bidirectional screw rod 500 to rotate forward, driving the two pressure plates 51 to move in the same direction and approach each other to close on the detection port 20; the first driver drives the bidirectional screw rod 500 to rotate reversely, driving the two pressure plates 51 to move in the opposite direction and move away from each other to open the detection port 20.

[0061] Optional, see Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the sediment mechanics in-situ measurement device also includes a sampling mechanism 9. A sampling port 21 is provided at the bottom end of the inner frame 2. The pressure plate 51 is also used to open and close the sampling port 21. The sampling mechanism 9 is installed in the inner frame 2 and can extend downward from the sampling port 21 to obtain a tubular sample of sediment.

[0062] The sampling mechanism 9 is used to obtain tubular sediment samples at the same time and place as the mechanical measuring mechanism 4, and is used to measure the penetration resistance and shear strength in the laboratory, compare and calibrate with the in-situ measurement parameters, and improve data reliability.

[0063] Optionally, the inner frame 2 is slidably mounted on the outer frame 1 via a guide mechanism 22, wherein the guide mechanism 22 comprises a guide rod 220 and a sleeve 221, wherein the guide rod 220 is vertically connected to the outer frame 1; one end of the sleeve 221 is fixedly connected to the inner frame 2, and the other end is sleeved on the guide rod 220, and can slide along the axial direction of the guide rod 220.

[0064] The sediment mechanics in-situ measurement device of the embodiment of the present application has the following advantages:

[0065] 1. Three measurement modes can be performed: direct measurement, press-in measurement, and vibration press-in measurement. The press-in amount and press-in grounding pressure ratio are controllable, and the vibration frequency is adjustable, which fully meets the mechanical data measurement needs of specific operating scenarios.

[0066] 2. Tubular sediment samples at the measuring point can be obtained at the same time for laboratory analysis and verification of in-situ measurement data, thus improving data reliability.

[0067] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0068] It should be noted that, in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0069] The above description is only a specific implementation of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest range consistent with the principles and novel features applied for herein.

Claims

1. A sediment mechanics in-situ measurement device, characterized in that: It includes: Frame (1); An inner frame (2) is assembled in the outer frame (1) and has a detection port (20) at its bottom end; a first driving mechanism (3), one end of which is connected to the outer frame (1) and the other end of which is connected to the inner frame (2), and is used to drive the inner frame (2) to move along the height direction of the outer frame (1) so that the inner frame (2) extends out of the outer frame (1); A mechanical measuring mechanism (4) is installed in the inner frame (2) and can extend downward through the detection port (20) to measure the mechanical properties of the sediment; an opening and closing assembly (5), which is assembled at the bottom end of the inner frame (2) and comprises a second driving mechanism (50) and at least one pressing plate (51), wherein the second driving mechanism (50) is connected to the pressing plate (51) and is used to drive the pressing plate (51) to move so as to open or close the detection port (20); The sediment mechanics in-situ measurement device also includes: A displacement sensor (7), two ends of which are respectively arranged on the outer frame (1) and the inner frame (2), and are used to detect a first distance between the bottom end of the inner frame (2) and the bottom end of the outer frame (1); A near-bottom surface measurement mechanism (8), which is assembled on the outer frame (1) and is used to detect a second distance between the bottom end of the outer frame (1) and the seabed-seawater interface; A controller connected to the displacement sensor (7) and the near-bottom-surface measuring mechanism (8), and used to obtain an actual amount of penetration of the inner frame (2) into the sediment according to the first distance and the second distance; The opening and closing assembly (5) comprises two pressing plates (51), and the second driving mechanism (50) is used to drive the two pressing plates (51) to move closer to each other to close on the detection port (20); or to move away from each other to open the detection port (20).

2. The sediment mechanics in-situ measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller is also connected to the first driving mechanism (3), and is used to determine whether to stop pressing according to the relationship between the actual pressing amount and the preset pressing amount, and to control the first driving mechanism (3) to perform a corresponding action; and is also used to control the driving force of the first driving mechanism (3) so that the inner frame (2) is pressed into the sediment according to a preset ground pressure ratio.

3. The sediment mechanics in-situ measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The actual pressing amount is calculated using the following formula: : Wherein: h is the second distance; H is the first distance.

4. The sediment mechanics in-situ measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sediment mechanics in-situ measurement device further comprises a vibration mechanism (6), wherein the vibration mechanism (6) is arranged on the inner frame (2) and is used to drive the inner frame (2) to vibrate.

5. The sediment mechanics in-situ measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving mechanism (3) comprises: A cylinder body (30) connected to the outer frame (1); A driving rod (31) has one end extending into the oil cylinder body (30) and the other end connected to the inner frame (2) and is used to drive the inner frame (2) to move up and down.

6. The sediment mechanics in-situ measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second driving mechanism (50) comprises: A bidirectional screw rod (500) disposed transversely at the bottom end of the inner frame (2); Two sleeves (501), the two sleeves (501) are respectively screwed to the two ends of the bidirectional screw rod (500); and the two sleeves (501) are respectively connected to the two pressing plates (51); A first driver is connected to the bidirectional screw rod (500) and is used to drive the bidirectional screw rod (500) to rotate, so as to drive the two pressing plates (51) to move closer to or farther away from each other.

7. The sediment mechanics in-situ measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sediment mechanics in-situ measurement device further comprises a sampling mechanism (9), wherein the sampling mechanism (9) is installed in the inner frame (2), and a sampling port (21) is provided at the bottom end of the inner frame (2). The sampling mechanism (9) can extend downward through the sampling port (21) to obtain a tubular sediment sample.

8. The sediment mechanics in-situ measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner frame (2) is slidably mounted on the outer frame (1) via a guide mechanism (22), wherein the guide mechanism (22) comprises: A guide rod (220) vertically connected to the outer frame (1); A sliding sleeve (221) has one end fixedly connected to the inner frame (2), and the other end sleeved on the guide rod (220) and capable of sliding along the axial direction of the guide rod (220).

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