A pressure-adjustable, high-precision solid-liquid coupling physical similarity material simulation device

Abstract

The present invention provides a pressure-adjustable high-precision solid-liquid coupling physical similarity material simulation device, which is slidably installed in the model through a water outlet hose, thereby realizing free adjustment of the aquifer height; the telescopic structure of the upper support leg and the lower support leg realizes free adjustment of the aquifer water supply pressure; this simulation device realizes the adjustable aquifer height and adjustable water supply pressure of the solid-liquid coupling physical similarity material simulation experimental device, and utilizes the model's own simulation device to accurately simulate the actual mining height, ensure the simulation effect, broaden the application scope of goaf-side lane retention, and can better provide a method for water conservation mining research under thick coal seams and multiple coal seams; the present invention is simple to operate, easy to use, and has a wide range of practical applications; it can broaden the scope of application of solid-liquid coupling experiments, and is conducive to studying the problem of water conservation during the mining of thick coal seams and multiple coal seams.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mining engineering, and in particular relates to a pressure-adjustable high-precision solid-liquid coupling physical similarity material simulation device. Background Art

[0002] The extensive mining and use of coal resources has put enormous pressure on the ecological environment. For example, in the Jurassic coalfields of northern Shaanxi, the coal seams are shallow, thick, and numerous. This results in severe groundwater drainage after coal mining, particularly threatening and even damaging the Salawusu Formation ecological aquifer.

[0003] Groundwater resources are precious lifeblood. Once destroyed, recovery can take decades or even centuries, which is devastating to the local ecosystem. Therefore, thorough research is necessary before aquifers are destroyed to better protect groundwater resources while recovering coal resources. Laboratory simulations can be used to better study the movement, deformation, and damage patterns of strata after on-site mining. This allows for simulations of actual mining processes, allowing for preemptive adjustments to mining methods and processes to achieve water-conserving mining.

[0004] The existing solid-liquid physical similarity material models have the following main problems and shortcomings:

[0005] 1. Most physically similar simulation model frames cannot be used for solid-liquid coupling experiments;

[0006] 2. The existing solid-liquid physical similarity material model frame cannot adjust the water supply height according to the height of the aquifer;

[0007] 3. The existing solid-liquid physical similarity material model frame cannot adjust the water supply pressure;

[0008] 4. The existing solid-liquid physical similarity material model frame cannot effectively and intuitively monitor the flow rate and flow velocity, and cannot be prepared to judge the water loss form during the experiment;

[0009] 5. During the simulated mining process, roof materials often leak out, which in turn causes the simulated mining height to be greater than the actual mining height. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a support device for retaining lanes along the goaf of super-high tunnels, which solves the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0011] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

[0012] The present invention provides a support device for retaining a lane along the goaf of a super-high tunnel, comprising a model, a water outlet hose, a water tank, a lower support leg, an upper support leg and a variable mining bar, wherein the model is a U-shaped structure; the water outlet hose is slidably installed in the cavity of the U-shaped structure; the water outlet hose is connected to the water tank; the variable mining bar is movably installed on the bottom surface of the model and is placed below the water outlet hose; the water tank is fixed on the upper support leg, and the upper support leg and the lower support leg are connected in a telescopic structure.

[0013] Preferably, the model includes a model bottom surface, a model right side surface and a model left side surface, wherein the model bottom surface is a flat plate structure; the structure of the model right side surface and the model left side surface are the same, both are channel steel structures; the model right side surface and the model left side surface are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the model bottom surface; and the notches of the model right side surface and the model left side surface are arranged back to back.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom surface of the model is provided with a plurality of mounting holes along its length direction, a height adjustment screw is installed in the mounting hole, a variable mining bar is mounted on the height adjustment screw, and the variable mining bar is fastened by a height adjustment nut and a threaded connection with the height adjustment screw.

[0015] Preferably, a directional ring is provided between the variable mining bar and the height-adjusting screw.

[0016] Preferably, a slide groove is provided on the outer wall of the bottom surface on both sides of the model, and the slide groove is slidably connected to a movable steel plate. A circular hole is provided in the center of the movable steel plate, and the two circular holes are connected by a connecting steel pipe; the water outlet hose is arranged in the connecting steel pipe.

[0017] Preferably, a water outlet hose sleeve is sleeved on the water outlet hose.

[0018] Preferably, the model is provided with a limiting structure for limiting and fixing the model material, and the limiting structure and the U-shaped structure model form a frame structure.

[0019] Preferably, the limiting structure includes two channel steel support plates, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the U-shaped structure to form a frame structure with the model.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The present invention provides a pressure-adjustable high-precision solid-liquid coupling physical similarity material simulation device, which is slidably installed in the model through a water outlet hose to achieve free adjustment of the aquifer height; the telescopic structure of the upper support leg and the lower support leg enables free adjustment of the water supply pressure of the aquifer; this simulation device realizes the adjustable aquifer height and adjustable water supply pressure of the solid-liquid coupling physical similarity material simulation experimental device, and uses the model's own simulation device to accurately simulate the actual mining height, ensure the simulation effect, broaden the application scope of the goaf-side tunnel retention, and can better provide a method for the research on water conservation mining under thick coal seams and multiple coal seams; the present invention is simple to operate, easy to use, and has a wide range of practical applications; it can broaden the scope of use of solid-liquid coupling experiments, and is beneficial to the research on water conservation problems during the mining of thick coal seams and multiple coal seams.

[0022] Furthermore, the position limitation of the variable mining strips can prevent leakage of roof materials during the simulation process, which would cause inaccurate simulated mining height.

[0023] Furthermore, an orientation ring is provided between the variable mining bar and the height adjustment screw to orient the variable mining bar and increase its stability during the height adjustment process.

[0024] Furthermore, the main function of the water outlet hose sleeve is to ensure that the water outlet hose can effectively supply water and avoid affecting the simulation effect due to blockage of the model material.

[0025] Furthermore, a limiting structure is provided to limit and fix the model material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a sectional view taken along line Ⅰ-Ⅰ of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention along line II-II;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of III-III of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the present invention taken along line IV-IV;

[0031] Among them, 1. base 2. bolts 3. fastening screws 4. channel steel support plate 5. side 6. water outlet hose 7. water outlet hose sleeve 8. right side of model 9. model support 10. bottom of model 11. left side of model 12. movable steel plate 13. connecting steel pipe 14. slide 15. connecting hose 16. water tank base platform 17. water tank 18. scale 19. water outlet steel pipe 20. flow meter 21. lower support leg 22. height adjustment hole 23. lower cross brace 24. upper cross brace 25. upper support leg 26. fixing screw 27. pressure gauge 28. fixing hole 29. round hole 30. variable mining bar 31. height adjustment screw 32. height adjustment nut 33. directional ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inside," "outside," "one side," "one end," and "side" and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended only to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a pressure-adjustable high-precision solid-liquid coupling physical similarity material simulation device, including a base 1, bolts 2, fastening screws 3, channel steel 4, side 5, water outlet hose 6, water outlet hose sleeve 7, model right side 8, model support 9, model bottom 10, model left side 11, movable steel plate 12, connecting steel pipe 13, sliding groove 14, external connecting hose 15, water tank base platform 16, water tank 17, scale 18, water outlet steel pipe 19, flow meter 20, lower support leg 21, height adjustment hole 22, lower cross brace 23, upper support 24, upper support leg 25, fixing screw 26, pressure gauge 27, fixing hole 28, circular hole 29, variable mining bar 30, height adjustment screw 31, height adjustment nut 32 and directional ring 33, wherein the base 1 is fixed to the ground by bolts 2, and a model is arranged above the base 1, and the model is fixed to the base 1 by the model support 9.

[0035] The model has a U-shaped structure; the water outlet hose 6 is slidably installed in the cavity of the U-shaped structure; the water outlet hose 6 is connected to the water tank 17; the variable mining bar 30 is movably installed on the bottom surface of the model and is placed below the water outlet hose 6; the water tank 17 is fixed on the upper support leg 25, and the upper support leg 25 is connected to the lower support leg 21 in a telescopic structure.

[0036] A water outlet hose sleeve 7 is provided in the inner cavity of the model, a water outlet hose 6 is provided in the water outlet hose sleeve 7, and the water outlet hose 6 is connected to a water tank 17.

[0037] The model includes a model bottom surface 10 , a model right side surface 8 and a model left side surface 11 , wherein the model bottom surface 10 is a flat plate structure; the model right side surface 8 and the model left side surface 11 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the model bottom surface 10 .

[0038] The upper end surface of the model bottom surface 10 is arranged with several mounting holes along its length direction, and a height adjustment screw 31 is installed in the mounting hole. A variable mining bar 30 is mounted on the height adjustment screw 31, and the variable mining bar 30 is fastened by threading the height adjustment screw 31 with a height adjustment nut 32.

[0039] An orientation ring 33 is provided between the variable mining bar 30 and the height adjustment screw 31 to orient the variable mining bar 30 and increase its stability during the height adjustment process.

[0040] The variable mining strip 30 is a rectangular structure, and its length is consistent with the width of the model bottom surface 10; the width of the variable mining strip 30 is 10 mm, which is convenient for better simulation of the real mining process.

[0041] The right side 8 of the model and the left side 11 of the model have the same structure, both of which are channel steel structures; the notches of the right side 8 of the model and the left side 11 of the model are arranged back to back.

[0042] There are a number of fixing holes 28 arranged at intervals on both sides 5 of the right side 8 of the model, and the fixing holes 28 on the two sides 5 correspond to each other one by one;

[0043] A sliding groove 14 is provided on the bottom surface of the right side 8 of the model facing the inner cavity of the model. The sliding groove 14 is slidably connected to a movable steel plate 12 , and a circular hole 29 is provided at the center of the movable steel plate 12 .

[0044] It also includes a channel steel support plate 4 , two of which are provided. The two channel steel support plates 4 are arranged parallel to the bottom surface 10 of the model.

[0045] The model right side 8 and the model left side 11 are placed between two channel steel support plates 4. A frame structure is formed between the two channel steel support plates 4, the model right side 8 and the model left side 11 to limit and fix the model material.

[0046] The channel steel support plate 4 is fixed to the right side 8 and the left side 11 of the model through the cooperation of fastening screws and fixing holes 28 .

[0047] A connecting steel pipe 13 is provided between the right side 8 of the model and the left side 11 of the model. Both ends of the connecting steel pipe 13 are respectively inserted into the circular holes 29 on the right side 8 of the model and the left side 11 of the model.

[0048] The movable steel plate 12 moves up and down along the chute 14, thereby driving the connecting steel pipe 13 to move up and down; it is used to simulate aquifer experiments at different heights; at the same time, the chute 1 is blocked by the movable steel plate 12 to prevent water and simulated materials from leaking out of the chute 14.

[0049] A water outlet hose sleeve 7 is provided in the connecting steel pipe 13 , and a water outlet hose 6 is provided in the water outlet hose sleeve 7 . The water outlet hose 6 is connected to the water tank 17 through an external connecting hose 15 .

[0050] The outlet hose 6, the outlet hose sleeve 7 and the connecting steel pipe 13 are all provided with water outlet holes for water to flow out to simulate aquifer water.

[0051] The main function of the water outlet hose sleeve 7 is to ensure that the water outlet hose 6 can effectively supply water and avoid affecting the simulation effect due to blockage of the model material.

[0052] A small-scale high-precision pressure gauge 27 is installed on the connecting steel pipe 13 to measure the water outlet pressure of the water outlet hose 6.

[0053] A water outlet steel pipe 19 is provided between the external connection hose 15 and the water tank 17 .

[0054] The water outlet steel pipe 19 is arranged at the bottom of the water tank 17, and a flow meter is provided on the water outlet steel pipe 19 to measure the water consumption during the simulation process.

[0055] The water tank 17 is arranged on the water tank base platform 16 .

[0056] The water tank 17 is provided with a scale 18 for observing the water level in the water tank.

[0057] The water tank base platform 16 is fixed on the upper support leg 25, and the upper support leg 25 is telescopically connected to the lower support leg 21.

[0058] The connection between the upper support leg 25 and the lower support leg 21 is provided with a height adjustment hole 22 , and the height adjustment hole 22 cooperates with the fixing screw 26 to achieve a fastening connection between the upper support leg 25 and the lower support leg 21 .

[0059] The upper support leg 25 is fixed by welding with four upper cross braces 24 ; the lower support leg 21 is fixed by welding with four lower cross braces 23 .

[0060] The water tank base platform 16 is a flat plate structure with edges arranged around it to prevent the water tank 17 from falling.

[0061] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] During the experiment, first, according to the designed proportions and the actual situation on site, the position of the aquifer was calculated and the height of the movable steel plate 12 was adjusted so that the height of the water outlet hose 6 was just at the aquifer position;

[0063] Then, the height of the variable mining strip 30 is adjusted so that the height of the variable mining strip 30 is consistent with the thickness of the mined coal seam after proportional conversion, and then the overlying rock layer of the coal seam is paved on the variable mining strip 30;

[0064] The coal seam floor is paved on the bottom surface 10 of the model, the coal seam is paved on the upper part of the coal seam floor, and then the overlying rock layer of the coal seam is paved until the aquiclude is located;

[0065] Afterwards, the pre-prepared waterproof material is laid on the bottom of the aquifer, and then the water outlet hose 6 is connected to the connecting steel pipe 13, and then the water outlet hose sleeve 7 is put on the outside of the water outlet hose 6, and then the aquifer is paved, and then the experimental model is laid at the designed height.

[0066] During the entire paving process, the model material is fixed by the channel steel 4, and the movable steel plate 12 is squeezed and fixed on the left side 11 of the model by the paving material.

[0067] After the paving material solidifies, remove the channel steel 4. Then, set up monitoring points on the model surface. Add plexiglass panels to the aquifers in front and behind the model. Ensure the panels extend at least 300mm above the upper and lower boundaries of the aquifers and maintain close contact with the model surface. Connect the connecting steel pipe 13 to the outlet steel pipe 19 using an external connecting hose 15. Adjust the height of the water tank 17 to achieve the designed pressure. Add water to the tank, and observe and record pressure and flow data.

[0068] Conduct experiments, record changes in the aquifer and aquitard during the experiment, monitor water consumption using a flow meter, and further determine the stability of the aquitard. Simultaneously, adjust the height of the water tank and the water pressure to study parameters such as the aquitard's water-retaining properties under different conditions.

[0069] This experiment achieved good results. The water-proof condition of the aquiclude and the mining height under the extreme stability conditions of the aquiclude were measured, providing valuable reference value for on-site water-conservation mining.

[0070] The above content is only for explaining the technical idea of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution in accordance with the technical idea proposed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pressure-adjustable, high-precision solid-liquid coupled physical similarity material simulation device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a model, a water outlet hose (6), a water tank (17), a lower support leg (21), an upper support leg (25) and a variable extraction bar (30), wherein the model is a U-shaped knot; the water outlet hose (6) is slidably installed in the cavity of the U-shaped structure; the water outlet hose (6) is connected to the water tank (17); the variable extraction bar (30) is movably installed on the bottom surface of the model and is placed below the water outlet hose (6); the water tank (17) is fixed on the upper support leg (25), and the upper support leg (25) and the lower support leg (21) are connected in a telescopic structure; The model comprises a model bottom surface (10), a model right side surface (8) and a model left side surface (11), wherein the model bottom surface (10) is a flat plate structure; the model right side surface (8) and the model left side surface (11) have the same structure, both being channel steel structures; the model right side surface (8) and the model left side surface (11) are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the model bottom surface (10); and the notches of the model right side surface (8) and the model left side surface (11) are arranged in opposite directions; The bottom surface of the model is provided with a plurality of mounting holes along its length direction, wherein a height adjustment screw (31) is installed in the mounting hole, and a variable mining bar (30) is mounted on the height adjustment screw (31), and the variable mining bar (30) is fastened by being threadedly connected to the height adjustment screw (31) through a height adjustment nut (32); The outer walls of the bottom surfaces of both sides of the model are provided with sliding grooves (14), the sliding grooves (14) are slidably connected to a movable steel plate (12), a circular hole (29) is provided at the center of the movable steel plate (12), and the two circular holes (29) are connected by a connecting steel pipe (13); the water outlet hose (6) is arranged in the connecting steel pipe (13).

2. The pressure-adjustable high-precision solid-liquid coupled physical similarity material simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A directional ring (33) is provided between the variable mining bar (30) and the height-adjusting screw (31).

3. The pressure-adjustable high-precision solid-liquid coupled physical similarity material simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water outlet hose (6) is sleeved with a water outlet hose sleeve (7).

4. The pressure-adjustable high-precision solid-liquid coupled physical similarity material simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The model is also provided with a limiting structure for limiting and fixing the model material, and the limiting structure and the U-shaped structure model form a frame structure.

5. The pressure-adjustable high-precision solid-liquid coupled physical similarity material simulation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting structure comprises two channel steel support plates (4), which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the U-shaped structure to form a frame structure with the model.

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