Method for inserting a nail into at least one component

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for inserting a nail into at least one component, the nail having a nail head, a nail tip and a nail shank, the method comprising the following steps: - arranging the at least one component; - positioning the nail; - driving the nail, wherein a force is applied to the nail in the direction of the component so that the nail is pressed into the at least one component. In addition to the force application, vibrations are coupled into the nail and a nail constructed as a multi-section structure is used.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method and a component arrangement for inserting a nail into at least one component. Background Art

[0002] The nailing method is used to insert a nail into at least one component. The nailing method is distinguished, for example, by the fact that pre-punching of the at least one component is not required. The nailing technique or the pressing or inserting of a nail into at least one component is particularly suitable for components that are difficult to access and, in particular, can only be accessed from one side. When the nail is pressed in, the nail, usually driven by a mass or a tappet that is accelerated by means of compressed air evacuation, strikes at least one component as a single pulse in a pulsating manner at high speed and penetrates the component with its shank. The very high speed and the component inertia cause small deformations of the component during the driving of the nail. At the same time, a force-locking is achieved, particularly for relatively high-strength or high-strength steel materials, due to the squeezing and upsetting of the material or at least one component.

[0003] DE 102010006404 A1 describes a method for producing a nailed connection between at least two non-prepunched components in a joining region by means of a nail which is inserted into the components by a setting device substantially without rotation. The nail is driven in in two steps, in that in a first method step the nail is driven only partially into the components in the joining region at high speed using an impact-like movement and in a second method step it is brought completely into the component into a final position.

[0004] In such methods for pressing or inserting nails into components, high engagement forces are required in order to avoid undesirable and permanent deformations of the at least one component due to the very rigid design of the component. The engagement forces can be absorbed without too great a deformation by means of a rigid design. Furthermore, such methods can only be used in panels with closed contours and / or in panel-profile connections, since the nail must be engaged in a dead space in the closed contour. Summary of the invention

[0005] According to the invention, a method and a component arrangement for inserting a nail into at least one component are provided. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the following description.

[0006] The invention is based on a method for inserting or pressing a nail into at least one component, the nail having a nail head, a nail tip and a nail shank, the method comprising the following steps:

[0007] - arranging the at least one component;

[0008] - positioning the nail;

[0009] - Driving the nail in, wherein a force is applied to the nail in the direction of the component, so that the nail is driven into the at least one component.

[0010] According to the invention, it is now provided that, in addition to the force application, vibrations are coupled into the nail and that a nail designed as a multi-section structure is used.

[0011] By coupling the vibrations into the nail in the form of multiple pulses, the forces acting on the nail in the direction of the component are reduced. The nail is driven through the component not with a continuously increasing force, but with small movements. As a result, the nail can be pushed into the at least one component in the joining direction in the direction of the nail with a reduced joining force, the process forces can be significantly reduced and the noise emissions are reduced as a significant edge effect resulting from this. The high noise emissions generated by the conventional setting process with a single pulse (the nail hits the component with a sound pressure level of sometimes more than 105 dB(A)) can be avoided or at least reduced. Accordingly, the sound insulation measures (such as enclosures of the equipment technology) that are sometimes taken for the complete device and are associated with this are no longer necessary or are at least only necessary to a reduced extent. The complex design of the joint or component to avoid deformation of the component is also no longer necessary or is only necessary to a smaller extent, which should be attributed in particular to the reduced forces or joining forces due to the coupling of vibrations. The multi-component structure of the nail has the advantage that unnecessary nail projections can be avoided by adapting the nail to the contour thickness of the component or the connecting thickness of several components with closed contours, or even simple components without contours can be joined together without leaving any nail projections. The multi-component nature of the nail also makes it possible to expand the field of application of the method to open contour structures. The multi-component nail can have a positive effect on the connection zone, since crack formation and undesirable deformations can be reduced due to the nail geometry.

[0012] It should be noted that although in principle the nail can also be inserted in this way only into one component, it is particularly preferred to insert the nail into two or more components in order to connect them to one another.

[0013] The proposed method also offers the advantages of conventional nailing techniques, i.e., for example, it can be joined without pre-punching with (only) one-sided accessibility. The method is also particularly suitable for joining high-strength materials such as steel and fiber composite materials. It is also suitable for hybrid connections, multi-layer connections and composite connections. It can also be used in combination with adhesive bonding techniques, i.e., two or, if necessary, more components are bonded to one another and additionally connected or fixed with nails. The nails are then often used only for temporary fixing while the adhesive connection hardens.

[0014] According to a preferred design, the vibration is generated as an ultrasonic oscillation, in particular by an ultrasonic generator. This involves a simple method for generating vibrations. The ultrasonic generator generates a frequency above the hearing range of the human ear. For nailing technology, vibrations with a frequency between 10kHz and 100kHz, preferably between 15kHz and 50kHz, are suitable. For this purpose, the following ultrasonic generator can be used, which is connected to the (electromechanical) vibration converter (such as a piezoelectric converter) of the vibration system in the sense of a functional generator. The vibration system typically has a vibration converter, an ultrasonic oscillation unit and, if necessary, a booster (amplitude amplifier), which can be easily provided and is also sufficient for reducing the necessary force for squeezing in the rivet.

[0015] If the vibrations are coupled into the nail in the longitudinal direction (that is, with vibrations in the joining direction), the pressing force in the joining direction is increased. The vibrations are coupled into the nail and / or at least one component substantially parallel to the joining direction of the nail, so that overall less pressing or pressing force is required for the nail.

[0016] It is also particularly preferred that the nail is driven into at least one component by hammering with the aid of a vibrating tool, such as the vibrating system already mentioned or a component thereof, such as an ultrasonic oscillator or a punch arranged upstream of the ultrasonic oscillator. “Driven by hammering” is to be understood here as driving in with a very high number of blows or multiple pulses of the tool (e.g., within a short period of time, such as several thousand times per second). For this purpose, the frequency of the vibration can be suitably matched to a typical natural frequency of the system.

[0017] The nail has a plurality of functional sections that are inserted into one another, whereby the nail can be adjusted to the thickness of a component or the thickness of a connection of a plurality of components as desired. The functional section is determined by the thickness of the connection area and its function is precisely coordinated to the connection area. By varying the number and function of the sections, the nail can be used for different components and different areas of application. Depending on the application, the functional sections can be made of the same material. It is also conceivable that the functional section is made of a material suitable for the function of the section.

[0018] According to a particularly advantageous design, the functional sections are inserted into each other in a releasable manner by a form-locking and / or force-locking plug connection. The releasable plug connection has the advantage that the connection can be released again without damaging the functional section. Thus, the nail can be easily matched to the current application range or the component to be joined by the connection of the functional section. The functional sections are particularly easy to be inserted into each other in a form-locking manner. As long as the reaction force caused by the adhesion friction is not exceeded, the force-locking plug connection prevents the movement of the functional section. The force-locking plug connection can be easily realized by the use of magnetized functional sections, for example. After the functional sections are inserted into each other, the functional sections are attracted by the magnetic effect and completely abut against each other. In addition, this makes the connection of the functional sections easy. It is also conceivable that the functional sections are attached to each other by adhesives. The different connection technologies of the functional sections, depending on the function, are particularly advantageous. Thus, the fixing functional section can be connected to the extending functional section in a non-releasable manner, or in the case of a plurality of extending functional sections, these functional sections can be connected to one another in a non-releasable manner and only the last extending functional section can be connected to the punching tool in a releasable manner. The fixing functional section can also be connected directly to the punching tool in a releasable or non-releasable manner.

[0019] The plug connection advantageously has a male part with an outwardly directed contact geometry and a female part with an inwardly directed contact opening. The contact geometry of the plug connection can therefore have any shape that matches one another. The contact geometry can be designed, for example, as a cylinder, rhombus, polygon, star or keyhole.

[0020] If the functional section is a functional section for fixing, in particular part of the nail shank, the functional section acts as a holding section in the drawing area of ​​the component or in the connection area of ​​multiple components. Depending on the application and / or the materials to be joined, the functional section for fixing can be made of other materials. However, it is also possible to manufacture all functional sections from the same material or to manufacture the corresponding functional sections from a particularly suitable material depending on the function.

[0021] If the functional section is a functional section for extension, in particular a part of the nail shank, the functional section acts as an additional retaining element to cause the extension of the nail shank together with the first functional section. In particular, the functional section for extension can be used to extend the retaining section. As a result, the nail length can be matched to the connection thickness. Depending on the application and / or the material to be joined, the functional section for extension can be made of other materials. However, it is also possible to manufacture all functional sections from the same material or to manufacture the corresponding functional sections from a particularly suitable material depending on the function.

[0022] If the functional section is a punching tool, in particular with a nail tip, it forms the functional section of the nail that drills through the component. The punching tool can be designed differently depending on the component and the application. The punching tool can be, for example, pointed or flat-topped at the end, depending on the application, and / or the diameter difference relative to the nail shank can vary and / or the punching tool can be made of a material that is particularly required for the application.

[0023] The nail can thus also be designed differently depending on the application by terminating after one or more extending functional sections with a functional section suitable for the application as a punching tool.

[0024] It is particularly advantageous that the punching tool can be separated after the punching process. This means that there is no interfering nail tip on the component after the punching process. As a result, the nail can also be used when joining simple components, such as thin sheets, or for components without contour structures. As a result, the scope of application is significantly expanded by the nailing method according to the invention, because the nail can now also be used in the following applications, in which the nail must not protrude beyond the component after the punching process or must end in a dead zone (for example, in a closed contour or a closed cast structure). The conventional nailing method is limited to components with a contour structure or such a material that the nail tip ends in the component or in a dead zone. The nailing method according to the invention can be separated due to the punching tool as a separate functional section and there is no interference as a tip protruding from the component. As a result, the length of the excess part is shortened to a minimum. The separation can be carried out in different ways corresponding to the application situation. For example, the punching tool can be easily removed in a particularly simple manner or can fall off after the punching process, for example due to a certain duration of action of the ultrasonic oscillation or triggered by the punching process itself. The punching tool can be inserted and / or glued, for example, to the functional section in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting manner, but can be separated after the punching process.

[0025] If the punching tool is reusable, it can be used multiple times as a punching tool. This advantageously results in material and cost savings, since fewer punching tools are required. The punching tool can then be made of a high-strength material for multiple uses, while the functional section can be designed only for a single use. For example, the punching tool can be varied according to the application while the functional section remains the same and can be used again for the respective application.

[0026] The punching tool is advantageously designed as a slotted structure on the side facing away from the nail shank. The nail can then be stretched open due to the ultrasonic oscillations at the end of the joining process and the pressing force of the nail can be increased in this way. Typically, at least one slot is introduced into the nail tip. Nails with slotted punching tools are also advantageously used for process monitoring, because the vibration characteristics of the nail change significantly during the process and in particular during the punching process due to the free end. Such changes can then be detected, for example, in the vibration characteristics and / or in the acoustic emission and used for process protection.

[0027] The nail shank is provided with a surface structure which, when the nail is inserted into the component, is fixed in the component, thereby generating a larger contact surface between the nail and the component and thereby generating a higher pressing-out force or holding force. During the pressing-in of the nail, the displaced material of the component squeezes into the surface structure and clamps the nail shank from behind. As a result, the holding force is higher than in conventional nails without a surface structure. The surface structure can have a wavy, angular or barbed profile. Depending on the application, the surface structure will be wavy if the nail is to be particularly easy to slide into the component. The surface structure will more likely be angular if the surface structure is, for example, to form a thread so that the nail can be screwed out of the component again. However, the surface structure will more likely be barbed if the pulling out of the nail is to be prevented.

[0028] Furthermore, the invention provides a component arrangement consisting of at least two components which are connected by a nail which has been driven in by the method described above.

[0029] As already mentioned, the proposed method and the proposed component arrangement, namely the novel combination of ultrasound superposition and the nail according to the invention, are preferably suitable for hybrid vehicle body construction, since very different materials are to be connected to one another there, for which often only one-sided access to the joint or the joint flange is available. With this method or this arrangement, it is conceivable to replace conventional insertion methods of punched screws and / or nails by the method-induced and economical advantages.

[0030] Another area of ​​application besides the automotive industry is rail vehicle construction and the transport industry. In addition, gondola and cableway construction is a possible area of ​​application. Here, the proposed method or the proposed device can replace current blind rivet connections. The pre-punching required for blind rivets is omitted, so that the process costs can be reduced.

[0031] Further advantages and embodiments of the invention are apparent from the description of the drawings and the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The invention is schematically illustrated in the following figures on the basis of exemplary embodiments and is described in more detail below with reference to the figures.

[0033] in:

[0034] Figure 1 The device according to the invention is shown schematically in a preferred embodiment.

[0035] Figure 2 A part of the device according to the invention is shown schematically in a preferred embodiment.

[0036] Figure 3 The sequence of the method according to the invention is schematically shown in a preferred embodiment.

[0037] Figure 4 The nail according to the invention is shown schematically in a first preferred embodiment.

[0038] Figure 4a The nail according to the invention is schematically shown in a second preferred embodiment.

[0039] Figure 5 The nail according to the invention is schematically shown in a third preferred embodiment.

[0040] Figure 6 The nail according to the invention is schematically shown in a fourth preferred embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] exist Figure 1 , a device 100 for inserting a nail into at least one component, with the aid of which the method according to the invention can also be carried out, is shown in simplified and schematic form in a preferred embodiment. The device 100 is exemplarily an industrial robot or a production device, which is used, for example, in the manufacture of motor vehicle bodies.

[0042] The device 100 has a support structure 3 arranged on the ground and three arm segments or components 4, 5 and 6 arranged on the support structure, which are connected to each other and movable and together form a robot arm that can be moved by a motor. A positioning unit 10 is arranged at the end of the arm 6, which can be positioned, for example, Figure 2 , and the setting unit is only roughly schematically outlined here.

[0043] In addition, a switch cabinet 90 is provided, in which a control and regulation unit 91 and a vibration generator 92 designed as an ultrasonic generator are placed. The control and regulation unit 91 is used not only to control the robot arm but also to control the setting unit 10, while the ultrasonic generator 92 can be used as described later. Figure 2 As explained in detail, a vibration converter is connected to the setting unit 10.

[0044] exist Figure 2 A part of the device according to the invention is schematically shown in a preferred embodiment, namely in particular Figure 1The positioning unit 10 has a vibration system 39, which has an electromechanical vibration converter 30, such as a piezoelectric converter, a so-called booster 31 (also called an amplitude amplifier) ​​and a tool for the extrusion in the form of an ultrasonic oscillation unit 32.

[0045] The vibration converter 30 is coupled or connected to the Figure 1 An electric vibration generator 92 such as that shown in the figure can be connected to it. In this way, the vibration system 39 can be set into vibration. The vibration system 39 is held in the housing unit 35 here by the booster 31. This housing unit 35 is in turn connected to the drive device 50, so that the vibration system 39 is connected to the drive device 50 in this way, so that the force F and the feed movement can be transmitted to the vibration system 39 and more precisely along the joining direction R. A flange 51 is provided on the drive device 50, which is only roughly schematically shown here, with the help of which it can be as shown. Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 5 , the drive device 50 is arranged, for example, on a robot arm or an arm segment 6 .

[0046] Furthermore, a support 16 is mounted on the housing unit 35 by means of spring elements 17, which surrounds a part of the vibration system 39 and can hold and guide the nail 20. With the help of a conveying mechanism 95, such a nail 20 can be automatically placed in the support 16, so that the nail is placed in front of the ultrasonic oscillation unit 32.

[0047] Furthermore, two components 11, 12 are shown, which can be connected, for example, by means of nails 20 and using the device 100 or the setting unit 10. For this purpose, the setting unit can be placed on the Figure 2 , in which the holder 16 rests, for example, against the component 11 , wherein the holder 16 in this sense also serves as a clamp and the nail 20 is held in a suitable orientation relative to the components 11 , 12 .

[0048] In order to insert the nail 20 into the components 11, 12 and thus connect the components to one another, the vibration system 39 is set to vibration using the vibration generator 92 and is moved toward the nail 20 along the joining direction R using the drive 50 and thus brought into contact with the nail. By further controlled or regulated feed movements generated by the drive 50, the nail 20 can thus be driven into the components.

[0049] Due to the vibrations transmitted by the vibration system 39 to the nail 20 and thereby also to the components 11 , 12 , if necessary, the force required for driving the nail into the component is significantly reduced.

[0050] exist Figure 3 The process of the method according to the invention in a preferred embodiment is schematically shown in FIG. For this purpose, the two illustrations can be seen accordingly, as also in FIG. Figure 1 Parts of the device according to the invention as shown in or as in Figure 2 . In particular, the ultrasonic oscillation unit 32 and the bracket 16 as well as the nail 20 and the two components 11 and 12 to be connected are shown. In the first illustration on the left, a situation is shown in which the components 11 and 12 are arranged, and the nail 20 with a nail tip is positioned on the components but has not yet been squeezed in. Then, the ultrasonic oscillation unit 32 begins to load the nail 20 with a force in the direction of the components 11 and 12. The vibration is coupled into the nail 20 as an ultrasonic oscillation. The ultrasonic oscillation is generated by an electric vibration generator 92, in particular by an ultrasonic generator. The vibration is coupled into the nail 20 along the longitudinal direction, thereby enhancing the pressing force along the joining direction. The vibration is generated at a frequency between 10kHz and 100kHz, preferably between 15kHz and 50kHz, according to the technical characteristics of the nail.

[0051] Finally, the second illustration on the right shows the end position to be reached, in which the nail 20 is driven into the components 11 , 12 and the nail shank 21 is fixed in the components 11 , 12 .

[0052] exist Figures 4 to 6 The design of the nail 20 is discussed in detail.

[0053] The nail 20 is Figure 4 It has a nail head 24, a nail shank 21 and a nail tip 28. The nail 20 has functional sections 25 that are inserted into one another. The functional sections 25 are inserted into one another in a releasable manner via a positive and / or non-positive plug connection 26.

[0054] exist Figure 4 In the embodiment, the nail shank 21 together with the nail head 24 forms a functional section 25a and another functional section 25c is formed by the nail tip 28. The functional section 25a is used as a functional section for fixing. The functional section 25c is the nail tip. The nail tip acts as a punching tool.

[0055] The positive-locking and / or non-positive-locking plug connection 26 has a male part with an outwardly directed contact geometry and a female part with inwardly directed contact openings.

[0056] exist Figure 4a In the embodiment, the nail shank 21 has functional sections 25a, 25b and 25c. The nail shank 21 is extended by the functional section 25b. The functional section 25b serves as another functional section for fixing. The nail shank 21 can thus be matched to the thickness of the components 11, 12 in terms of length. The length of the functional sections 25a and 25b depends on the thickness of the drawing area of ​​one or more components 11, 12 or the connection area of ​​the components 11, 12. The functional sections 25a and 25b can be constructed to have different lengths due to the application situation. The functional sections 25a, 25b forming the nail shank 21 are provided with a surface structure 22 continuously or at least partially according to the component thickness and the component material.

[0057] The positive-locking and / or non-positive-locking plug connection 26 has a male part with an outwardly directed contact geometry and a female part with inwardly directed contact openings.

[0058] The contact geometry is based on Figure 5 For example, it can be designed in a keyhole shape, a cylinder shape, a star shape or a rhombus shape.

[0059] The nail 20 is matched to the required length by means of functional sections 25a, 25b, 25c connected to each other in a form-locking and / or force-locking manner due to the application situation. After the nail 20 is positioned on the components 11, 12 with the nail tip 28, the force in the direction of the components 11, 12 is applied to the nail 20 by the ultrasonic oscillation unit. The ultrasonic oscillation generated by the ultrasonic generator is coupled into the nail 20 along the longitudinal direction, thereby increasing the pressing force along the joining direction. During the pressing process, the nail 20 is squeezed into the components 11, 12. The nail shank 21 composed of the functional sections 25a and 25c or 25a, 25b, 25c is fixed in the components 11, 12. The holding force is increased by the surface structure 22. The functional sections 25a, 25b forming the fixing area of ​​the nail shank 21 are connected to each other in a form-locking and / or force-locking manner or in a non-releasable manner. The functional section 25c forming the punching tool 25c, 28 is connected to the functional section 25a, 25b in a releasable manner. As a result, the punching tool 25c, 28 can be separated after the pressing process. After the punching tool 25c, 28 is separated, the nail 20 does not protrude beyond the component connection with the nail tip 25c, 28. Depending on the application, punching tools 25c, 28 made of different materials can be used. The punching tool 25c, 28 can be reused if it is made of a material that is hard according to the application.

[0060] exist Figure 6 The nail tip 28 is configured as a slotted structure on the side away from the nail shank. At least one slot is introduced. The slot allows the nail tip to be stretched after the pressing process. The slot causes the vibration characteristics of the nail to change significantly during the process and especially when drilling through the component due to the free end, so that this change can be detected in the vibration characteristics and in the acoustic emission and can be used for process protection. The nail 20 can have a functional section 25 ( Figure 6 right), but can also be constructed as a one-piece structure ( Figure 6 left).

[0061] Furthermore, the invention provides a component arrangement consisting of at least two components 11 , 12 which are connected to one another by means of a nail 20 which has been driven in by the method described above.

[0062] Due to the surface structure 22 on the nail shank 21, when the nail 20 is driven in due to the ultrasonic oscillations coupled into the nail 20, depending on the process parameters, in particular towards the end of the process, local welding of the nail 20 to the components 11, 12 may occur. This local welding increases the strength of the connection.

[0063] In addition to the lower required forces and smaller deformations of the components, the proposed method achieves a significant noise reduction, in particular due to the elimination of the previously required powerful single pulses with a peak sound pressure level of up to 180 dB and due to the use of ultrasound and the thousands of small multiple pulses generated thereby and the surface structure of the nail shaft.

[0064] As already mentioned, the proposed method allows an expansion of the application range, such as the joining of thinner-walled components and thicker-walled and / or higher-strength components, by reducing distortion of the joined component flanges (lightweight construction potential) or reducing the joining force requirements. Cost savings are also achieved by dispensing with compressed air during the actual joining process and by dispensing with a sound-absorbing hood for the complete processing unit, which is currently unavoidable in conventional nail setting methods using single-pulse compressed air.

Claims

1. A method for inserting a nail (20) into at least one component (11, 12), the nail having a nail head (24), a nail shank (21) and a nail tip (28), the method comprising the following steps: - arranging the at least one component (11, 12); - positioning the nail (20); - driving the nail (20), wherein a force is applied to the nail (20) in the direction of the component (11, 12), so that the nail is pushed into the at least one component (11, 12), It is characterized in that, in addition to the force application, vibrations are coupled into the nail (20), wherein the vibrations are generated as ultrasonic oscillations; and A nail (20) constructed as a multi-section structure is used, wherein the nail (20) has a plurality of functional sections inserted into one another and ends with a functional section as a punching tool, the punching tool having a nail tip (28) and being separable after the punching process, so that the nail must not protrude beyond the component after the punching process or must end in a closed contour or a closed cast structure, wherein the nail shank is provided with a surface structure continuously or at least partially, depending on the component thickness and the component material, which surface structure is fixed in at least one component (11, 12) when the nail (20) is inserted into the at least one component (11, 12), wherein during the pressing process of the nail, displaced material of the component presses into the surface structure and clamps the nail shank from behind, wherein the surface structure enables local welding of the nail (20) to the component (11, 12) to occur when the nail (20) is pressed in due to ultrasonic oscillations coupled to the nail (20).

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The vibrations are coupled into the nail (20) in the longitudinal direction.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The vibrations are generated at a frequency between 10 kHz and 100 kHz.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vibrations are generated at a frequency between 15 kHz and 50 kHz.

5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The nail (20) is driven into the at least one component (11, 12) by means of a tool which applies force to the nail (20) and is set into vibration.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The functional sections (25) are releasably plugged into one another via a positive-locking and / or non-positive plug connection (26).

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The plug connection has a male part with an outwardly directed contact geometry and a female part with inwardly directed contact openings.

8. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The functional sections include a functional section for fixing.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The functional section for fixing is a part of the nail shaft.

10. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The functional section includes a functional section for extension.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that The functional section for extension is a part of the nail shaft.

12. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The punching tool can be reused.

13. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The punching tool for cutting the components (11, 12) is made of a high-strength material.

14. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The punching tool is configured as a slotted structure at a side away from the nail shank.

15. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The vibrations are generated by an ultrasonic generator (92).

16. A component arrangement consisting of at least two components (11, 12), which are connected by a nail (20) which has been driven in by a method according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

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