A lightweight and highly explosion-resistant unit board and its protective product

Abstract

The present invention discloses a lightweight high explosion-proof unit panel and its protective product, wherein the unit panel comprises an outer metal plate layer, a middle metal plate layer, an inner metal plate layer, an energy absorbing layer, and a foam metal plate layer arranged in parallel to each other, wherein the energy absorbing layer comprises a plurality of energy absorbing layers, each energy absorbing layer comprises a plurality of energy absorbing tubes arranged in parallel to each other; the energy absorbing tubes of two adjacent energy absorbing layers are perpendicular to each other; an energy absorbing layer is arranged between the outer metal plate layer and the middle metal plate layer, and a foam metal plate layer is arranged between the middle metal plate layer and the inner metal plate layer; the outer surfaces of the outer metal plate layer, the middle metal plate layer, the inner metal plate layer, each energy absorbing tube, and the foam metal plate layer are all sprayed with explosion-proof coating. The lightweight high explosion-proof unit panel of the present invention has the characteristics of high resistance, light weight, and easy transportation, and is suitable for making explosion-proof doors, explosion-proof walls, explosion-proof roofs, and wall column guard plates.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a high explosion-proof unit plate, in particular to a lightweight high explosion-proof unit plate, belonging to the technical field of protective structures. Background Art

[0002] There are many types of bulletproof and explosion-proof composite structures at present, and the common ones are ordinary high-strength concrete, steel structure or polymer high-strength fiberboard structure. Although these bulletproof and explosion-proof composite structures also have certain bulletproof and explosion-proof effects, they all have problems such as low bulletproof and explosion-proof capabilities, large monomer weight (mainly steel explosion-proof and bulletproof structures or walls), high cost, and relatively poor durability. The use of ordinary engineering material plates to reinforce the inner and outer walls of buildings not only requires large plate thickness or volume, and a lot of construction materials, but also has low bulletproof and explosion-proof efficiency. Therefore, it is difficult to form a real practical promotion and application in the military, public security, diplomatic embassies and consulates, public protection, and peacekeeping operations. For example, CN201952936U discloses a novel sandwich explosion-proof and bullet-proof wall, which is composed of ultra-high-strength active powder concrete panels or ultra-high-strength steel fiber concrete panels, rock wool, carbon fiber cloth or aramid fiber cloth or blended high-strength fiber cloth. Ultra-high-strength active powder concrete panels or ultra-high-strength steel fiber concrete panels are respectively arranged on both sides of the rock wool, and steel wire mesh is evenly distributed in the ultra-high-strength active powder concrete panels or ultra-high-strength steel fiber concrete panels located on the back explosion side, and the outermost layer of the back explosion side is provided with carbon fiber cloth or aramid fiber cloth or blended high-strength fiber cloth. Adjacent layers are bonded by adhesive and fixed to form a wall by bolts. However, its structure and manufacturing process are complicated, the cost is high, and the durability is poor. CN 202380603U discloses a bulletproof and explosion-proof building board, which is composed of an ultra-high-strength steel fiber concrete layer, a rock wool layer, a carbon fiber cloth layer, an ultra-high-strength active powder concrete layer and a glass fiber reinforced plastic grille. The glass fiber reinforced plastic grille is installed on the ultra-high-strength steel fiber concrete layer. Although the board has good durability, its bulletproof function against bullets is relatively weak.

[0003] CN107355026 discloses a lightweight energy-absorbing bulletproof and explosion-proof wall, comprising a corrugated steel plate, a steel wire mesh, a bulletproof plate, a lightweight anti-cracking concrete and a polymer coating, wherein steel wire meshes are respectively arranged on the inner and outer sides of the corrugated steel plate, the steel wire meshes on both sides are connected by a steel wire mesh connector passing through the corrugated steel plate, a lightweight energy-absorbing material is poured inside the corrugated steel plate, a lightweight elastic material is poured between the corrugated steel plate and the steel wire mesh, a bulletproof plate is arranged on the outer side of the steel wire mesh, lightweight anti-cracking concrete is poured on the outer side of the bulletproof plate, and a polymer coating is sprayed on the outer side of the lightweight anti-cracking concrete.

[0004] CN111021626A discloses an explosion-proof plate material with an explosion-proof buffer structure, comprising a body, a buffer assembly arranged in the body, a fireproof steel plate, a heat insulation layer, an elastic buffer plate, a damping material layer, and explosion-proof fiber concrete arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside of the buffer assembly, and a plurality of energy-absorbing grooves are arranged on the energy-consuming material fireproof steel plate. The present invention uses the structure of the fireproof steel plate, the heat insulation layer, the elastic buffer plate, the damping material layer, and the explosion-proof fiber concrete arranged in sequence, so that the impact force generated during the fire explosion first passes through the fireproof steel plate and the heat insulation layer to insulate the fire, and then passes through the elastic buffer layer to buffer and consume the excess energy of the shock wave, and uses the damping material layer to generate a large reverse damping effect to form a damping force within a certain range, and a semicircular structure or a conical energy-absorbing groove that can absorb the shock wave is arranged on the fireproof steel plate, and this structure can greatly absorb the energy generated by the explosion and improve the pit explosion capacity.

[0005] CN108680062A discloses a high-resistance bulletproof and explosion-proof composite structure and its manufacturing method, which belongs to the technical field of protective structures. The composite structure is composed of three parts: a high-strength bulletproof penetration structure layer, a ductile explosion-proof structure layer and a special-shaped surface bulletproof plate. The special-shaped surface bulletproof plate, the high-strength bulletproof penetration structure layer and the ductile explosion-proof structure layer are arranged in sequence; the high-strength bulletproof penetration structure layer is composed of four parts: an anti-penetration structure layer skeleton, a high-strength and high-hardness anti-penetration material, an impact dispersion energy absorption layer, and a fine steel mesh; the anti-penetration structure layer skeleton is made of a metal grid, a penetration structure layer panel and a penetration structure layer bottom plate; the ductile explosion-proof structure layer is compositely formed by a ductile explosion-proof structure skeleton and an internally filled polyurethane foam material; the ductile explosion-proof structure skeleton is composed of an internal support tie rod, a ductile explosion-proof structure panel and a ductile explosion-proof structure bottom plate, and the surface of the special-shaped surface bulletproof plate is distributed with spherical segments or hemispherical convex bodies arranged in a plum blossom shape.

[0006] Explosion-proof doors are protective devices for door openings in bunker projects or structures. Faced with the current application of high-tech in modern weapons and equipment, the weakest link appears in the protective door. The bulletproof and explosion-proof composite structure in the prior art contains materials such as concrete or foam concrete, which has low resistance, is easy to deform, and is heavy. It is inconvenient to transport and install. Due to the huge size of the door panel, the bearing capacity of the foundation is high. In order to prevent foundation settlement, especially uneven settlement, the difficulty of foundation construction in some areas with soft soil is increased, the construction period is extended, and the site selection of ground protection projects is subject to certain restrictions. Once the door panel is under the action of high-intensity shock waves, the door opening and device are easily deformed under the weight of the door panel and the shock wave, resulting in the door being unable to open; once the door panel is blown up, emergency repair and construction are extremely difficult, resulting in blockage of the entrance and exit, affecting normal opening and maintenance. According to the destruction phenomenon and analysis of explosion-proof doors in tunnel explosion tests, the destructive effect of explosion-proof doors is the result of the combined action of fragments and shock waves. The individual actions of fragments and shock waves cannot cause such serious destructive effects. Therefore, in the design of explosion-proof doors, we should not only consider the penetration of fragments into explosion-proof doors and the shape and destruction of explosion-proof doors under the action of shock waves alone, but also pay attention to the combined destructive effect of fragments and shock waves on explosion-proof doors. Under the dual action of fragments and shock waves, bulk materials will cause secondary splashing, which will cause a certain degree of damage to objects and personnel in the protective door. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lightweight and highly explosion-proof unit panel in view of the deficiencies in the prior art, which has the characteristics of light weight, each component having explosion-proof capability, and good overall explosion-proof effect.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows.

[0009] A lightweight and highly explosion-resistant unit plate, the unit plate comprising an outer metal plate layer, a middle metal plate layer, an inner metal plate layer, an energy absorbing layer, and a foam metal plate layer arranged in parallel to each other, the energy absorbing layer comprising a plurality of energy absorbing layers, each of which comprises a plurality of energy absorbing tubes arranged in parallel to each other;

[0010] The energy absorbing tubes of each energy absorbing layer are filled with a first energy absorbing material, or,

[0011] The energy absorbing tubes of each energy absorbing layer are filled with a second energy absorbing material, or,

[0012] The energy absorbing tubes of each energy absorbing layer are filled with a first energy absorbing material, and the space between the energy absorbing tubes of each energy absorbing layer is filled with a second energy absorbing material;

[0013] The energy absorbing tubes of two adjacent energy absorbing layers are perpendicular to each other; an energy absorbing layer is provided between the outer metal plate layer and the middle metal plate layer, and a foam metal plate layer is provided between the middle metal plate layer and the inner metal plate layer; the outer surfaces of the outer metal plate layer, the middle metal plate layer, the inner metal plate layer, each energy absorbing tube, and the foam metal plate layer are all sprayed with explosion-proof paint.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the explosion-proof coating is polyurea.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the outer metal plate layer and the inner metal plate layer are connected by a connector; the outer surfaces of the connectors are sprayed with explosion-proof paint;

[0016] The connecting members are a plurality of connecting screws, and the outer metal sheet layer and the inner metal sheet layer are connected by a plurality of connecting screws that pass through the foam metal sheet layer and the energy absorbing layer, or,

[0017] The connecting member is a frame, and the outer metal plate layer, the middle metal plate layer, the inner metal plate layer, the energy absorption layer, and the foam metal plate layer are all installed on the frame, or,

[0018] The connecting members are a plurality of clips, and the outer metal sheet layer and the inner metal sheet layer are connected by the clips, or,

[0019] The connecting piece is a side plate, and the outer metal plate layer, the inner metal plate layer and the side plate are connected by welding.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution, the energy absorbing tube is a carbon fiber tube or the energy absorbing tube is made of a carbon fiber composite material. The carbon fiber composite material is a composite material with resin as a matrix and carbon fiber as a reinforcement.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution, the outer side surfaces of the outer metal plate layer, the middle metal plate layer, the inner metal plate layer, the energy absorbing layer, and the foam metal plate layer are all flat, or,

[0022] The outer side surfaces of the outer metal sheet layer, the middle metal sheet layer, the inner metal sheet layer, the energy absorbing layer, and the foam metal sheet layer are all curved surfaces, or,

[0023] The outer side surfaces of the outer metal plate layer, the middle metal plate layer, the inner metal plate layer, the energy absorbing layer and the foam metal plate layer are all folded surfaces.

[0024] As a preferred technical solution, the first energy absorbing material is hard polyurethane foam, and the second energy absorbing material is soft polyurethane foam. Carbon fiber is a new type of fiber material with high tensile strength, high strength, and high modulus fiber with a carbon content of more than 95%. Under the same strength conditions, the material required for carbon fiber is much lower than that required for conventional protective doors, which can greatly reduce the mass of the protective door. Carbon fiber has a very high damping coefficient, which can quickly stop shock wave vibrations and absorb most of the energy. Carbon fiber has high axial strength and modulus, no creep, ultra-high temperature resistance in a non-oxidizing environment, good fatigue resistance, specific heat and conductivity between non-metals and metals, good corrosion resistance, carbon fiber has good electrical and thermal conductivity, and good electromagnetic shielding. Energy-absorbing tubes made of carbon fiber composite materials can avoid the shortcomings of energy-absorbing tubes made of conventional materials, such as energy-absorbing tubes made of metal materials, such as being too hard, insufficient energy absorption, corrosion resistance, aging resistance, high temperature resistance, and insufficient electromagnetic shielding.

[0025] Rigid polyurethane foam is a porous medium with low price, low density and easy molding. It has good kinetic energy absorption characteristics, can slow down impact, reduce vibration, and reduce stress amplitude. Its yield strength gradually increases with the increase of strain rate within a certain range. Rigid polyurethane foam can achieve good anti-explosion effect by combining with rigid layers (outer metal plate layer, middle metal plate layer, inner metal plate layer). When the explosive equivalent is certain, polyurethane foam can effectively absorb the energy of explosion shock wave, reduce the force of protective door, and reduce the rebound of protective door. Flexible polyurethane foam (FlexiblePolyurethane Foam, referred to as polyurethane soft foam) refers to a kind of soft polyurethane foam with certain elasticity. It is the largest polyurethane product. The main products are high rebound foam (HRF), block sponge, slow rebound foam, self-skin foam (ISF), and semi-rigid energy-absorbing foam. The pore structure of polyurethane soft foam is mostly open. Generally, it has the properties of low density, good elastic recovery, sound absorption, breathability, and heat preservation. It is mainly used as furniture cushioning material, vehicle seat cushioning material, and various soft cushioning laminated composite materials.

[0026] As an optimal technical solution, the thickness of the foam metal plate layer is 3-6 times the thickness of the outer metal plate layer; the diameter of the energy absorbing tube is 3-5 times the thickness of the outer metal plate layer; the thickness of the middle metal plate layer and the inner metal plate layer are both less than the thickness of the outer metal plate layer.

[0027] As a preferred technical solution, the outer metal plate layer, the middle metal plate layer, and the inner metal plate layer are metal plate layers made of steel. The foam metal plate layer is a foam metal plate layer made of foam aluminum. Foam aluminum is a metal material composed of a small amount of aluminum metal skeleton and a large number of bubbles. It has the characteristics of a continuous metal phase and a dispersed air phase. First, the presence of bubbles gives it a higher porosity; secondly, it also has the advantages of low density, strong impact absorption ability, high temperature resistance, strong fire resistance, corrosion resistance, sound insulation and noise reduction, low thermal conductivity and high temperature resistance, and high electromagnetic shielding. The dynamic stress-strain curve of foam aluminum has a "three-stage" characteristic; the absorption and diffusion of shock waves by foam aluminum mainly depends on the constitutive viscosity effect. The combination of foam aluminum with hard polyurethane foam and soft polyurethane foam can increase the energy absorption by more than 50% compared with the use of polyurethane alone, and the energy absorption efficiency by more than 30%.

[0028] A protective product is assembled by connecting workpieces using a plurality of any one of the above-mentioned lightweight and highly explosion-resistant unit panels.

[0029] As a preferred technical solution, the protective product is composed of a plurality of lightweight and highly explosion-resistant unit panels that are detachably assembled by connecting workpieces.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] 1. A structure of an outer metal plate layer, a middle metal plate layer, an inner metal plate layer sandwiched with an energy absorbing layer and a foam metal plate layer is set up, and the outer metal plate layer, the middle metal plate layer and the inner metal plate layer form a hard skeleton.

[0032] 2. The side of the outer metal plate layer away from the middle metal plate layer is the explosion-facing surface. The side of the inner metal plate layer away from the middle metal plate layer is the back explosion surface. The energy-absorbing layer is closer to the explosion-facing surface than the foam metal plate layer. The energy-absorbing layer includes a number of energy-absorbing layers arranged by tubular materials. The energy-absorbing tubes of two adjacent energy-absorbing layers are perpendicular to each other and are strengthened in both the vertical and horizontal directions. The structure of filling the energy-absorbing tube with the first energy-absorbing material is easier to fix and has a good energy-absorbing effect compared to directly using soft energy-absorbing materials. The use of foam metal in combination with the first energy-absorbing material and the second energy-absorbing material can increase the energy absorption by more than 50% and the energy absorption efficiency by more than 30% compared to using the first energy-absorbing material and the second energy-absorbing material alone, and has a good energy-absorbing effect and anti-flying effect.

[0033] 3. The outer metal plate layer coated with explosion-proof coating bears the first impact of the shock wave. After the impact deformation, the criss-crossed energy-absorbing tubes absorb the energy for the first time. The middle metal plate layer coated with explosion-proof coating bears the secondary impact of the shock wave. At this time, the shock wave weakens and needs to absorb the energy of the foam metal plate layer with a hardness greater than that of the criss-crossed energy-absorbing tubes. Finally, the inner metal plate layer bears the remaining shock wave energy to prevent flying pieces from appearing after the unit plate is broken. The progressive impact-resistant structure can effectively absorb energy and resist explosion. The middle metal plate layer is set on the rigid and flexible interface formed between the energy-absorbing layer and the foam metal plate layer, which can maximize the impact resistance.

[0034] 4. High resistance, not easy to deform, light weight, easy to transport and install. When used as a door panel, it has low requirements for foundation bearing capacity, reduces the difficulty of foundation construction in some areas with weak soil, shortens the construction period, and makes the site selection of ground protection projects unrestricted.

[0035] 5. The structure does not contain materials such as concrete or foam concrete. Under the dual effects of fragments and shock waves, each component is coated with explosion-proof coating, the material will not cause splashing, and it will provide a certain degree of protection for objects and personnel within the protection range.

[0036] 6. The outer surfaces of each metal plate layer, each energy-absorbing tube, foam metal plate layer, and connecting parts are sprayed with explosion-proof paint. The explosion-proof paint acts on each component of the explosion-proof plate to ensure the integrity of each component when the explosion-proof plate is impacted, thereby improving the explosion-proof effect and reducing the cost. It can be used as explosion-proof doors, explosion-proof walls, explosion-proof roofs, explosion-proof shields, protective covers for large columns or pipelines, wall protective plates, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a front view of a preferred embodiment of the lightweight and highly explosion-resistant unit board of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The cross-sectional view of the lightweight and highly explosion-resistant unit panel is shown along AA'.

[0039] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of part C.

[0040] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The cross-sectional view of the lightweight and highly explosion-resistant unit panel is shown along BB'.

[0041] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of part D.

[0042] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the lightweight and highly explosion-resistant unit board of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of part E.

[0044] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the lightweight and highly explosion-resistant unit board of the present invention.

[0045] Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 A partial enlarged view of part F.

[0046] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the lightweight and highly explosion-resistant unit board of the present invention.

[0047] Fig.11 yes Fig.10 A partial enlarged view of part G.

[0048] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the lightweight and highly explosion-resistant unit board of the present invention.

[0049] Fig.13 yes Fig.12 A partial enlarged view of part H.

[0050] Fig.14 It is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the lightweight and highly explosion-resistant unit board of the present invention.

[0051] Fig.15 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of lightweight and highly explosion-resistant unit panels installed on a frame.

[0052] Fig.16 yes Fig.15 The cross-sectional view of the lightweight and highly explosion-resistant unit panel is shown along II'.

[0053] Fig.17 It is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the lightweight and highly explosion-resistant unit board of the present invention.

[0054] Fig.18 yes Fig.17 A partial enlarged view of part J.

[0055] Fig.19 yes Fig.17 A partial enlarged view of part K.

[0056] Fig. 20 It is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the lightweight and highly explosion-resistant unit board of the present invention.

[0057] Fig.21 It is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the lightweight and highly explosion-resistant unit board of the present invention.

[0058] Fig. 22 yes Fig.21 A partial enlarged view of the L part.

[0059] Fig.23 It is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the lightweight and highly explosion-resistant unit board of the present invention.

[0060] Fig.24 yes Fig.23 A partial enlarged view of part M.

[0061] Fig.25 It is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the lightweight and highly explosion-resistant unit board of the present invention.

[0062] Fig.26 yes Fig.25 A local enlarged view of part N.

[0063] Wherein: frame-1; connecting screw-11; clip-12; side plate-13;

[0064] Unit board-2;

[0065] Inner metal sheet layer-31; middle metal sheet layer-32; outer metal sheet layer-33;

[0066] Energy absorbing layer-4; energy absorbing layer-41; energy absorbing tube-42;

[0067] Foam metal sheet layer-5;

[0068] The first energy absorbing material is 6; the second energy absorbing material is 61. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0070] Example 1. Figure 1-5 As shown, a lightweight and highly explosion-resistant unit plate, the unit plate 2 comprises an outer metal plate layer 33, a middle metal plate layer 32, an inner metal plate layer 31, an energy absorbing layer 4, and a foam metal plate layer 5 arranged in parallel with each other, the energy absorbing layer 4 comprises a plurality of energy absorbing layers 41, and each energy absorbing layer 41 comprises a plurality of energy absorbing tubes 42 arranged in parallel with each other;

[0071] The energy absorbing tube 42 of each energy absorbing layer 41 is filled with the first energy absorbing material 6 .

[0072] The energy absorbing tubes 42 of two adjacent energy absorbing layers 41 are perpendicular to each other; an energy absorbing layer 4 is provided between the outer metal plate layer 33 and the middle metal plate layer 32, and a foam metal plate layer 5 is provided between the middle metal plate layer 32 and the inner metal plate layer 31; the outer surfaces of the outer metal plate layer 33, the middle metal plate layer 32, the inner metal plate layer 31, each energy absorbing tube 42, and the foam metal plate layer 5 are sprayed with explosion-proof paint. The damping energy absorbing device is a damping energy absorbing device made of one of butyl, acrylate, polysulfide, nitrile, silicone rubber, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, epoxy resin, butyl rubber, and polyurethane.

[0073] The explosion-proof coating is polyurea, which is an elastomeric substance generated by the reaction of an isocyanate component and an amino compound component.

[0074] The outer metal plate layer 33 and the inner metal plate layer 31 are connected by connecting pieces; the outer surfaces of the connecting pieces are sprayed with explosion-proof paint.

[0075] The connecting parts are a plurality of connecting screws 11 , and the outer metal plate layer 33 and the inner metal plate layer 31 are connected by a plurality of connecting screws 11 passing through the foam metal plate layer 5 and the energy absorbing layer 4 , and the energy absorbing tube 42 is a carbon fiber tube.

[0076] The energy absorbing tube 42 is made of a carbon fiber composite material, which is a composite material with resin as the matrix and carbon fiber as the reinforcement. Carbon fiber is a new type of fiber material with high tensile strength, high strength and high modulus fiber with a carbon content of more than 95%. Under the same strength conditions, the material required for carbon fiber is much lower than that required for conventional protective doors, which can greatly reduce the mass of the protective door. Carbon fiber has a very high damping coefficient, which can quickly stop the shock wave vibration and absorb most of the energy. Carbon fiber has high axial strength and modulus, no creep, ultra-high temperature resistance in a non-oxidizing environment, good fatigue resistance, specific heat and conductivity between non-metals and metals, good corrosion resistance, carbon fiber has good electrical and thermal conductivity, and good electromagnetic shielding. The energy absorbing tube made of carbon fiber composite materials can avoid the shortcomings of energy absorbing tubes made of conventional materials such as metal materials, such as being too hard, insufficient energy absorption, corrosion resistance, aging resistance, high temperature resistance, and insufficient electromagnetic shielding.

[0077] The first energy absorbing material 6 is a hard polyurethane foam. The hard polyurethane foam is a porous medium with low price, low density and easy molding. It has good kinetic energy absorption characteristics, can slow down impact, reduce vibration, and reduce stress amplitude. Its yield strength gradually increases with the increase of strain rate within a certain range. The hard polyurethane foam can achieve a good explosion-proof effect by combining with the rigid outer metal plate layer, the middle metal plate layer and the inner metal plate layer. When the explosive equivalent is constant, the polyurethane foam can effectively absorb the energy of the explosion shock wave, reduce the force on the protective door, and reduce the rebound of the protective door.

[0078] The foam metal sheet layer is a foam metal sheet layer 5 made of foam aluminum. Foam aluminum is a metal material composed of a small amount of aluminum metal skeleton and a large amount of bubbles. It has the characteristics of a continuous metal phase and a dispersed air phase. First, the presence of bubbles makes it have a higher porosity; secondly, it also has the advantages of low density, strong impact absorption ability, high temperature resistance, strong fire resistance, corrosion resistance, sound insulation and noise reduction, low thermal conductivity and high temperature resistance, and high electromagnetic shielding. The dynamic stress-strain curve of foam aluminum has a "three-stage" characteristic; the absorption and diffusion of shock waves by foam aluminum mainly depends on the constitutive viscosity effect. The combination of foam aluminum with hard polyurethane foam and soft polyurethane foam can increase the energy absorption by more than 50% compared with the use of polyurethane alone, and the energy absorption efficiency can be increased by more than 30%.

[0079] The outer side surfaces of the middle metal plate layer 32, the inner metal plate layer 31, the energy absorbing layer 4 and the foam metal plate layer 5 are all flat surfaces.

[0080] The thickness of the foamed metal sheet layer 5 is 4 times the thickness of the outer metal sheet layer 33. The thickness of the outer metal sheet layer 33 is 15 mm.

[0081] The diameter of the energy absorbing tube 42 is 5 times the thickness of the metal plate layer 3 .

[0082] The thickness of the middle metal sheet layer 32 and the inner metal sheet layer 31 are both 5 mm.

[0083] Each sheet metal layer 3 is a sheet metal layer 3 made of steel.

[0084] The surface density of the frame strip of the lightweight and highly explosion-proof unit board is 400kg / m 2 . The test shows that it can resist the fragments and shock waves of a 1000-pound MK83 explosion 5 meters away from the door. The fragments can be evaluated and tested according to the 54-type 12.7mm armor-piercing incendiary bomb at 30 meters. The shock wave is based on the explosion similarity criterion and is equivalent to the shock wave overpressure of a 1000-pound MK83 aerial bomb explosion at a distance of 1.4 meters from the protective door.

[0085] The advantages of this embodiment are as follows: 1. A structure is provided in which an outer metal plate layer 33, a middle metal plate layer 32, an inner metal plate layer 31 sandwich an energy absorbing layer 4, and a foam metal plate layer 5. The outer metal plate layer 33, the middle metal plate layer 32, and the inner metal plate layer 31 form a hard skeleton.

[0086] 2. The side of the outer metal plate layer away from the middle metal plate layer is the explosion-facing surface. The side of the inner metal plate layer away from the middle metal plate layer is the back explosion surface. The energy-absorbing layer 4 is closer to the explosion-facing surface than the foam metal plate layer 5. The energy-absorbing layer 4 includes a plurality of energy-absorbing layers 41 arranged by tubular materials. The energy-absorbing tubes 4242 of two adjacent energy-absorbing layers 41 are perpendicular to each other and are strengthened in both the vertical and horizontal directions. The structure in which the first energy-absorbing material 6 is filled in the energy-absorbing tube 42 is easier to fix and has a good energy-absorbing effect than directly using soft energy-absorbing materials. The use of foam metal in combination with the first energy-absorbing material 6 and the second energy-absorbing material 61 can increase the energy absorption by more than 50% and the energy absorption efficiency by more than 30% compared with using the first energy-absorbing material 6 and the second energy-absorbing material 61 alone, and has a good energy-absorbing effect and anti-flying effect.

[0087] 3. The outer metal plate layer 33 coated with explosion-proof coating bears the first impact of the shock wave, and after the impact deformation, the criss-crossed energy-absorbing tubes 42 absorb the energy for the first time; the middle metal plate layer 32 coated with explosion-proof coating bears the secondary impact of the shock wave, and at this time the shock wave weakens, and the energy absorption of the foam metal plate layer 5 with a hardness greater than that of the criss-crossed energy-absorbing tubes 42 is required. Finally, the inner metal plate layer 31 finally bears the remaining shock wave energy to prevent flying pieces from appearing after the unit plate is broken. The progressive impact-resistant structure is adopted, which can effectively absorb energy and resist explosion. The middle metal plate layer 32 is arranged on the rigid and flexible interface formed between the energy-absorbing layer 4 and the foam metal plate layer 5, which can maximize the impact resistance.

[0088] 4. High resistance, not easy to deform, the structure does not contain concrete or foam concrete and other materials, light weight, easy to transport and install. When used as a door panel, the requirements for the bearing capacity of the foundation are low, which reduces the construction difficulty of the foundation in some areas with weak soil, shortens the construction period, and makes the site selection of ground protection projects unrestricted.

[0089] 5. The structure does not contain materials such as concrete or foam concrete. Under the dual effects of fragments and shock waves, each component is coated with explosion-proof coating, the material will not cause splashing, and it will provide a certain degree of protection for objects and personnel within the protection range.

[0090] 6. The outer surfaces of each metal plate layer, each energy absorbing tube 42, foam metal plate layer 5, and connecting parts are sprayed with explosion-proof paint. The explosion-proof paint acts on each component of the explosion-proof plate to ensure the integrity of each component when the explosion-proof plate is impacted, thereby improving the explosion-proof effect and reducing the cost. It can be used as explosion-proof doors, explosion-proof walls, explosion-proof roofs, explosion-proof shields, protective covers for large columns or pipelines, wall protective plates, etc.

[0091] This embodiment is provided with a structure of an outer metal plate layer 33, a middle metal plate layer 32, an inner metal plate layer 31 sandwiching an energy absorbing layer 4 and a foam metal plate layer 5. The outer metal plate layer 33, the middle metal plate layer 32 and the inner metal plate layer 31 form a hard skeleton. The energy absorbing layer 4 is closer to the explosion-facing surface than the foam metal plate layer 5. The energy absorbing layer 4 includes a plurality of energy absorbing layers 41 arranged by tubular materials and combined vertically and horizontally. The energy absorbing tube 42 is a flexible reinforcing rib compared to the first energy absorbing material and the second energy absorbing material. The foam metal is used in combination with the first energy absorbing material and the second energy absorbing material, and the energy absorption efficiency is increased by more than 50% compared with the use of the first energy absorbing material and the second energy absorbing material alone, and the energy absorption effect and anti-flying effect are good. The outer side surface of the outer metal plate layer 33 is the explosion-proof surface, and the inner side surface of the inner metal plate layer 31 is the back explosion surface. The structure does not contain materials such as concrete or foam concrete, has high resistance, is not easy to deform, and has a small weight.

[0092] A protective product, which is assembled from a plurality of unit panels provided in the embodiment. It is easy to transport and install, has low requirements on the bearing capacity of the foundation, reduces the difficulty of foundation construction in some areas with soft soil, shortens the construction period, and makes the site selection of ground protection projects unrestricted. It is convenient for emergency repair and construction. Under the dual effects of fragments and shock waves, since all components are coated with explosion-proof coatings, the material will not cause splashing, which will provide a certain degree of protection for objects and personnel in the protective product.

[0093] Example 2. Figure 6-7 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the second energy absorbing material 61 is filled between the energy absorbing tubes 42 of each energy absorbing layer 41 .

[0094] Example 3. Figure 8-9 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that the energy absorbing tubes 42 of each energy absorbing layer 41 are not filled with the first energy absorbing material, and the second energy absorbing material 61 is filled between the energy absorbing tubes 42 of each energy absorbing layer 41 .

[0095] Example 4. Figure 10-11 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the energy absorbing layer 4 includes two energy absorbing layers 41 .

[0096] Example 5. Figure 12-13 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the energy absorbing layer 4 includes four energy absorbing layers 41 .

[0097] Example 6. Fig.14 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the diameter of the energy absorbing tube 42 is 6 times the thickness of the outer metal plate layer 33 . Fig.14 The length and width of the middle unit board are omitted.

[0098] Example 7. Figure 15-16 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the diameter of the energy absorbing tube 42 is 6 times the thickness of the outer metal plate layer 33. The connecting member is a frame 1, and each metal plate layer 3, energy absorbing layer 4, and foam metal plate layer 5 are all installed on the frame 1. The outer surfaces of each metal plate layer 3, each energy absorbing tube 42, foam metal plate layer 5, and frame 1 are sprayed with explosion-proof paint.

[0099] Example 8. Figure 17-19 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the connecting member is a plurality of clips 12 , and the outer metal plate layer 33 and the inner metal plate layer 31 are connected via the clips 12 .

[0100] Example 9. Fig. 20 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the embodiment 8 is that the connecting member is the side plate 13 , and the outer metal plate layer 33 , the inner metal plate layer 31 and the side plate 13 are welded and connected.

[0101] Example 10. Figure 21-22 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the outer side surfaces of the outer metal plate layer 33, the middle metal plate layer 32, the inner metal plate layer 31, the energy absorbing layer 4, and the foam metal plate layer 5 are all folded surfaces.

[0102] Example 11. Figure 23-24 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the outer side surfaces of the outer metal plate layer 33, the middle metal plate layer 32, the inner metal plate layer 31, the energy absorbing layer 4, and the foam metal plate layer 5 are all folded surfaces.

[0103] Example 12. Figure 25-26 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the outer side surfaces of the outer metal plate layer 33, the middle metal plate layer 32, the inner metal plate layer 31, the energy absorbing layer 4, and the foam metal plate layer 5 are all curved surfaces.

Claims

1. A lightweight and highly explosion-resistant unit panel, characterized in that: The unit plate (2) comprises an outer metal plate layer (33), a middle metal plate layer (32), an inner metal plate layer (31), an energy absorption layer (4), and a foam metal plate layer (5) arranged in parallel with each other; the energy absorption layer (4) comprises a plurality of energy absorption layers (41); each energy absorption layer (41) comprises a plurality of energy absorption tubes (42) arranged in parallel with each other; The energy absorbing tube (42) of each energy absorbing layer (41) is filled with a first energy absorbing material (6), or, The energy absorbing tubes (42) of each energy absorbing layer (41) are filled with a second energy absorbing material (61), or, The energy absorbing tubes (42) of each energy absorbing layer (41) are filled with a first energy absorbing material (6), and the space between the energy absorbing tubes (42) of each energy absorbing layer (41) is filled with a second energy absorbing material (61); The energy absorbing tubes (42) of two adjacent energy absorbing layers (41) are perpendicular to each other; an energy absorbing layer (4) is provided between the outer metal plate layer (33) and the middle metal plate layer (32); and a foam metal plate layer (5) is provided between the middle metal plate layer (32) and the inner metal plate layer (31); and the outer surfaces of the outer metal plate layer (33), the middle metal plate layer (32), the inner metal plate layer (31), the energy absorbing tubes (42), and the foam metal plate layer (5) are all sprayed with explosion-proof paint; The thickness of the foam metal plate layer (5) is 3 to 6 times the thickness of the outer metal plate layer (33); the diameter of the energy absorbing tube (42) is 3 to 5 times the thickness of the outer metal plate layer (33); the thickness of the middle metal plate layer (32) and the inner metal plate layer (31) are both less than the thickness of the outer metal plate layer (33); The outer metal plate layer (33), the middle metal plate layer (32), and the inner metal plate layer (31) are metal plate layers (3) made of steel; and the foam metal plate layer (5) is a foam metal plate layer (5) made of foam aluminum.

2. The lightweight and highly explosion-resistant unit board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion-proof coating is polyurea.

3. The lightweight and highly explosion-resistant unit board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer metal plate layer (33) and the inner metal plate layer (31) are connected via a connecting piece; the outer surfaces of the connecting pieces are sprayed with explosion-proof paint; The connecting members are a plurality of connecting screws (11), and the outer metal plate layer (33) and the inner metal plate layer (31) are connected via a plurality of connecting screws (11) that pass through the foam metal plate layer (5) and the energy absorbing layer (4), or, The connecting member is a frame (1), and the outer metal plate layer (33), the middle metal plate layer (32), the inner metal plate layer (31), the energy absorption layer (4), and the foam metal plate layer (5) are all mounted on the frame (1), or, The connecting members are a plurality of clips (12), and the outer metal plate layer (33) and the inner metal plate layer (31) are connected via the clips (12), or, The connecting piece is a side plate (13), and the outer metal plate layer (33), the inner metal plate layer (31) and the side plate (13) are connected by welding.

4. The lightweight and highly explosion-resistant unit board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy absorbing tube (42) is a carbon fiber tube or the energy absorbing tube (42) is made of a carbon fiber composite material. The carbon fiber composite material is a composite material with resin as a matrix and carbon fibers as a reinforcement.

5. The lightweight and highly explosion-resistant unit board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side surfaces of the outer metal plate layer (33), the middle metal plate layer (32), the inner metal plate layer (31), the energy absorption layer (4), and the foam metal plate layer (5) are all flat surfaces, or, The outer side surfaces of the outer metal plate layer (33), the middle metal plate layer (32), the inner metal plate layer (31), the energy absorption layer (4), and the foam metal plate layer (5) are all curved surfaces, or, The outer side surfaces of the outer metal plate layer (33), the middle metal plate layer (32), the inner metal plate layer (31), the energy absorption layer (4), and the foam metal plate layer (5) are all folded surfaces.

6. The lightweight and highly explosion-resistant unit board according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first energy absorbing material (6) is hard polyurethane foam, and the second energy absorbing material (61) is soft polyurethane foam.

7. A protective product, characterized in that: The protective product is assembled by connecting multiple lightweight and highly explosion-resistant unit panels as described in claim 1.

8. The protective product according to claim 7, characterized in that: The protective product is composed of multiple lightweight and highly explosion-proof unit panels that are detachably assembled by connecting workpieces.

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