A large thrust ball bearing with anti-seismic function and its design method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a large-scale thrust ball bearing with anti-seismic function and its design method, the thrust ball bearing comprises a shaft ring with a lubricating oil channel arranged inside, a seat ring with annular supports arranged on both sides of the raceway, a block wheel retainer evenly distributed on the pitch circle according to a 360° circumference, a basic limit ring fixedly connected with the seat ring as a fixed support, a lubrication hole and a sealing ring arranged on the upper side of the annular support and in contact with the shaft ring; the block wheel retainer comprises a plurality of split cage partitions, a ball rolling body, a support wheel bearing with a structure type of a deep groove ball bearing, and a support shaft fixedly installed in the shaft hole of the split cage partition. The bearing design system comprises a main parameter optimization module and a size calculation module. The present invention utilizes the fixed support of the limit ring and the block wheel retainer to realize a slewing pair connection that resists earthquake loads, low speeds, heavy axial loads, and high reliability requirements, and is applied to low-speed heavy machinery equipment in the fields of energy and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical design, and in particular to a large-scale thrust ball bearing with anti-vibration function and a design method thereof, which is used for the design of large-scale thrust ball bearings for low-speed heavy-duty mechanical equipment such as energy. Background Art

[0002] Thrust ball bearings consist of upper and lower races and a retainer assembly, used to bear axial loads, and are widely used to support mechanical equipment. However, traditional thrust ball bearings have the following two problems:

[0003] On the one hand, the traditional thrust ball bearing has a larger ball configuration, so the contact surface between the ball and the shaft ring and the bottom ring is relatively large. During the operation of the bearing, the friction between the ball and the raceway is relatively large, the noise is loud, and the vibration is also relatively violent. Therefore, this type of bearing is not suitable for use in equipment with high precision requirements.

[0004] On the other hand, there is currently no unified design method for large thrust ball bearings. Designers mainly select and design bearings by selection, and then check their static safety factor and fatigue life. It often takes multiple selections and calculations to complete the parameter design of large thrust ball bearings, which is a large workload and has low work efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a large-scale thrust ball bearing with anti-seismic function and a design method thereof, wherein a closed lubricating oil circuit of the large-scale thrust ball bearing is set in the seat ring, and the fixed support of the limit ring and the segmented wheel retainer are combined. The fixed support of the limit ring and the segmented wheel retainer are utilized to fix the movement of the shaft ring under the action of the lateral load through the limit ring, and the segmented wheel retainer is used to realize the automatic centering of the rolling body after climbing the slope, which can effectively improve the precision and load-bearing capacity of the bearing, so that the large-scale thrust ball bearing has the advantages of large axial load, anti-seismic and long life. The bearing design system proposed by the present invention is essentially an intelligent special software designed for large-scale thrust ball bearings, including a parameter optimization module and a size calculation module. The bearing parameter optimization module uses the rated dynamic load and the rated static load as the objective function, and the rolling body diameter, rolling body spacing, minimum axial load and the like as the constraint conditions, and uses an intelligent optimization algorithm to determine the bearing parameters. The designer only needs to input the outer dimensions of the bearing, determine the optimization objective function, and then input the optimization constraints. The intelligent dedicated software can automatically calculate the design parameters of the large thrust ball bearing, conveniently realizing the parameter design of low-speed and heavy-load large thrust ball bearings.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A large-scale thrust ball bearing with anti-vibration function, comprising a shaft ring (1) with a lubricating oil channel arranged inside, a seat ring (2) with annular supports arranged on both sides of a raceway, a segmented wheel retainer evenly distributed on a pitch circle at a 360° circumference, a basic limit ring (7) fixedly connected to the seat ring (2) as a fixed support, a lubrication hole (8) capable of adding lubricating oil, and a sealing ring (9) arranged at a position where the upper side of the annular support contacts the shaft ring (2);

[0008] The split wheel retainer comprises a plurality of split retainer partitions (3) that roll circumferentially along a pitch circle on a seat ring (2), a plurality of ball-type rolling bodies (4) arranged on the split retainer partitions (3), a plurality of groups of supporting wheel bearings (5) of a deep groove ball bearing structure, and a plurality of supporting shafts (6) fixedly installed in the shaft holes of the split retainer partitions (3); the basic limiting ring (7) and the seat ring (2) are both rotating bodies, and there is a ring-mounted limiting distance between the basic limiting ring (7) and the seat ring (2), and the radial displacement of the thrust ball bearing shaft ring is limited by the basic limiting ring under the action of seismic load.

[0009] Furthermore, the hardness of the shaft ring (1) and the seat ring (2) after tempering is 57 to 62 HRC.

[0010] Furthermore, the raceway surfaces of the shaft ring (1) and the seat ring (2) are hardened using a surface induction hardening process.

[0011] Furthermore, the ball rolling element (4) is subjected to a full quenching process, and the hardness after quenching and tempering is required to be not less than 60HRC. The hardness of the ball rolling element (4) is 1 to 2HRC greater than the hardness of the shaft ring (1) and the seat ring (2).

[0012] Furthermore, the support shaft (6) is fixedly installed in the shaft hole of the split retainer partition (3) by cold installation or by adding a clamping ring to the shaft end.

[0013] Furthermore, the support wheel bearing (5) is interference-fitted with the inner ring of the support shaft (6) by means of liquid nitrogen cold installation.

[0014] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a design method for the above-mentioned large-scale thrust ball bearing with anti-seismic function, the bearing design system includes a parameter optimization module and a size calculation module; the specific design steps are as follows:

[0015] Step A: Input the outer dimensions of the bearing, which include the maximum outer diameter Dmax of the bearing shaft ring and the seat ring and the minimum inner diameter dmin of the bearing shaft ring and the seat ring;

[0016] Step B: Determine the optimization objective function;

[0017] Step C: Input optimization constraints;

[0018] Step D: Calculate the bearing static safety factor K s , K s =C oa / P oa , where C oa is the rated static load, P oa is the equivalent static load;

[0019] Step E: Calculate the nominal bearing fatigue life L 10h , and the rated dynamic load / equivalent dynamic load is required to be greater than 2.4;

[0020] Step F: Bearing detail dimension calculation;

[0021] Step G: Determine whether the bearing structure meets the structural requirements of the fastener and the circular motion of the segmented wheel retainer. If not, return to step A to modify the bearing outer dimensions.

[0022] Further, in step B, the objective function is the rated dynamic load C a , rated dynamic load C a The specific calculation formula is C a =3.647b m f c Z 2 / 3 D W 1.4 ,

[0023] where b m is the coefficient, the value is 1.3; f c is the rated dynamic load factor, Z is the number of rolling elements, D w is the rolling element diameter.

[0024] Furthermore, in step C, the specific steps of inputting optimization constraints are:

[0025] (C1) Input ball diameter D of the ball rolling element (4) w , Kmin(Dmax-dmin)<D w <Kmax(Dmax-dmin),Kmin=0.26,Kmax=0.42;

[0026] (C2) Input bearing pitch diameter D wp , D wp =0.5(Dmax+dmi);

[0027] (C3) input ball rolling element (4) spacing ε1, ε1 = 6 to 12 mm;

[0028] (C4) Input the spacing between adjacent cages ε2, ε2 = 12 mm;

[0029] Among them, Z is the number of rolling elements, D w is the rolling element diameter, D wp is the pitch circle diameter.

[0030] Further, in step F, the bearing detail dimension calculation includes:

[0031] (F1) Shaft ring (1) Channel curvature radius r i =0.54D w , D w is the rolling element diameter;

[0032] (F2) Center diameter of the groove of the shaft ring (1) and the seat ring (2) d i =D wp ;

[0033] (F3) Shaft washer (1) Groove bottom height h e =0.5(TD w ), T is the bearing height; the groove bottom height of the raceway (2) h i ;

[0034] (F4) Shaft washer (1) height b = h i +0.1D w , seat ring (2) height c = h e +0.1D w ;

[0035] (F5) Shaft ring (1) Groove height g i =bh i , raceway height (2) g e =ch i .

[0036] Advantages and positive effects of the present invention:

[0037] 1. Aiming at the axial slewing pair under extreme working conditions such as low speed and heavy load, the present invention sets a closed lubricating oil circuit of a large thrust ball bearing on the seat ring, combines the fixed support of the limit ring and the segmented wheel retainer, utilizes the fixed support of the limit ring and the segmented wheel retainer, fixes the movement of the shaft ring under the action of the lateral load through the limit ring, and adopts the segmented wheel retainer to realize automatic self-alignment after the rolling body climbs the slope, which can effectively improve the accuracy and load-bearing capacity of the bearing, so that the large thrust ball bearing has the advantages of large axial load, shock resistance and long life.

[0038] 2. The bearing design system of the present invention includes a parameter optimization module and a size calculation module, which can conveniently realize the parameter design of low-speed and heavy-load large-scale thrust ball bearings. The bearing parameter optimization module uses the rated dynamic load and rated static load as the objective function, and the rolling element diameter, rolling element spacing, minimum axial load, etc. as constraints, and adopts an intelligent optimization algorithm to determine the bearing parameters.

[0039] 3. The present invention utilizes the fixed support of the limit ring and the block wheel retainer to achieve low-speed, heavy axial load, and high-reliability rotary pair connection, can resist earthquake loads, and is applied to low-speed heavy-duty mechanical equipment such as energy.

[0040] 4. The retainer in the present invention is a segmented wheel retainer. The segmented and wheel-type structure avoids the problem of large vibration and even breakage of the traditional annular integrated structure retainer during the operation of the bearing, so that the large thrust ball bearing has a seismic resistance function. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a large-scale thrust ball bearing with anti-seismic function in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a large-scale thrust ball bearing segmented wheel-type retainer with anti-vibration function in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of a design method of a large-scale thrust ball bearing with anti-seismic function in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Among them, 1. shaft ring, 2. seat ring, 3. split cage partition, 4. ball rolling element, 5. support wheel bearing, 6. support shaft, 7. limit ring, 8. lubrication hole, 9. sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The present invention is a large thrust ball bearing with anti-seismic function and its design method, which is developed to solve the problem that the large thrust ball bearing with open structure in the prior art cannot form closed oil circuit lubrication and cannot resist the axial rotation pair under extreme working conditions such as earthquake load, low speed and heavy load.

[0047] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, it shows a large-scale thrust ball bearing with anti-seismic function in an embodiment of the present invention, including a shaft ring 1 with a lubricating oil channel arranged inside, a seat ring 2 with annular supports arranged on both sides of the raceway, a segmented wheel retainer evenly distributed on the pitch circle according to a 360° circumference, a basic limiting ring 7 fixedly connected to the seat ring 2 as a fixed support, a lubrication hole 8 for adding lubricating oil and a sealing ring 9 arranged on the upper side of the annular support and in contact with the shaft ring 2; the segmented wheel retainer includes a plurality of split retainer partitions 3 that roll circumferentially along the pitch circle on the seat ring 2, a plurality of ball rolling bodies 4 arranged on the split retainer partitions 3, a plurality of groups of supporting wheel bearings 5 ​​with a structural type of deep groove ball bearings, and a plurality of supporting shafts 6 fixedly installed in the axial holes of the split retainer partitions 3; the basic limiting ring 7 and the seat ring 2 are both rotating bodies, and there is a ring-mounted limiting spacing between the basic limiting ring 7 and the seat ring 2.

[0049] Specifically, the number of the split cage partitions 3 is determined according to the size of the actual bearing and the size of the split cage partitions 3; Figure 2 As shown, the spherical rolling elements 4 arranged on the split retaining frame partition 3 are generally set to 9, 5 are arranged in the middle, and 2 are arranged on each side of the supporting wheel bearing 5; the supporting wheel bearing 5 is arranged to be 2 groups, and the number of supporting shafts 6 corresponds to the number of groups of supporting wheel bearings 5, which is set to 2.

[0050] The hardness of the shaft ring 1 and the seat ring 2 after tempering is 57-62HRC.

[0051] The raceway surfaces of the shaft ring 1 and the seat ring 2 are hardened by surface induction hardening.

[0052] The ball rolling element 4 is fully quenched, and the hardness after quenching and tempering is required to be no less than 60HRC. The hardness of the ball rolling element 4 is 1-2HRC greater than that of the shaft ring 1 and the seat ring 2.

[0053] The support shaft 6 is fixedly installed in the shaft hole of the split retainer partition 3 by cold installation or by adding a clamping ring at the shaft end.

[0054] The support wheel bearing 5 is interference fit with the inner ring of the support shaft 6 by liquid nitrogen cold installation.

[0055] The shaft ring 1, seat ring 2, split cage partition 3, ball rolling element 4, support wheel bearing 5 and support shaft 6 are made of alloy steel; in order to avoid long-term static diffusion, the shaft ring 1, seat ring 2 and ball rolling element 4 can also be made of different materials.

[0056] like Figure 3As shown, it shows a design method for a large thrust ball bearing with anti-seismic function. The large thrust ball bearing with a lubrication system of the above structure can be designed according to the design method. The bearing design system includes a main parameter optimization module and a size calculation module; the specific design steps are as follows:

[0057] Step A: Input the outer dimensions of the bearing, which include the maximum outer diameter Dmax of the bearing shaft ring and the seat ring and the minimum inner diameter dmin of the bearing shaft ring and the seat ring;

[0058] Step B: Determine the optimization objective function; the objective function is the rated dynamic load C a , rated dynamic load C a The specific calculation formula is C a =3.647b m f c Z 2 / 3 D W 1.4 ,

[0059] where b m is the coefficient, the value is 1.3; f c is the rated dynamic load factor, Z is the number of rolling elements, D w is the rolling element diameter.

[0060] Step C: Enter the optimization constraints. The specific steps for entering the optimization constraints are:

[0061] (C1) Input ball diameter D of the ball rolling element (4) w , Kmin(Dmax-dmin)<D w <Kmin(Dmax-dmin),Kmin=0.26,Kmax=0.42;

[0062] (C2) Input bearing pitch diameter D wp , D wp =0.5(Dmax+dmin);

[0063] (C3) input ball rolling element (4) spacing ε1, ε1 = 6 to 12 mm;

[0064] (C4) Input the spacing between adjacent cages ε2, ε2 = 12 mm;

[0065] Among them, Z is the number of rolling elements, D w is the rolling element diameter, D wp is the pitch circle diameter.

[0066] Step D: Calculate the bearing static safety factor K s , K s =C oa / Poa , where C oa is the rated static load, P oa is the equivalent static load; see GB / T4662 for specific calculation;

[0067] Step E: Calculate the nominal bearing fatigue life L 10h , see GB / T6391 for details, (the fatigue life of rolling bearings is much greater than this value), and the rated dynamic load / equivalent dynamic load is required to be greater than 2.4;

[0068] Step F: Bearing detail dimension calculation; Bearing detail dimension calculation includes;

[0069] (F1) Shaft ring 1 channel curvature radius ri = 0.54D w , D w is the rolling element diameter;

[0070] (F2) The center diameter of the groove of the shaft ring 1 and the seat ring 2 is di = D wp ;

[0071] (F3) Shaft washer 1 groove bottom height h e =0.5(TD w ), T is the bearing height; the height of the groove bottom of the race 2 h i ;

[0072] (F4) Shaft washer 1 height b = h i +0.1D w , seat ring 2 height c = h e +0.1D w ;

[0073] (F5) Shaft ring 1 groove height g i =bh i , raceway height g e =ch i .

[0074] Step G: Determine whether the bearing structure meets the structural requirements of the fastener and the circular motion of the segmented wheel retainer. If not, return to step A to modify the bearing outer dimensions.

[0075] To sum up, the present invention aims at the axial slewing pair under extreme working conditions such as low speed and heavy load, and a closed lubricating oil circuit of a large thrust ball bearing is arranged on the seat ring. Combined with the fixed support of the limit ring and the segmented wheel retainer, the fixed support of the limit ring and the segmented wheel retainer are utilized to fix the movement of the shaft ring under the action of the lateral load through the limit ring, and the segmented wheel retainer is adopted to realize automatic centering after the rolling body climbs the slope, which can effectively improve the accuracy and load-bearing capacity of the bearing, so that the large thrust ball bearing has the advantages of large axial load, seismic resistance and long life; the bearing design system of the present invention includes a parameter optimization module and a size calculation module, which can conveniently realize the parameter design of low-speed and heavy-load large thrust ball bearings. The bearing parameter optimization module takes the rated dynamic load and the rated static load as the objective function, and takes the rolling body diameter, rolling body spacing, minimum axial load and the like as constraints, and adopts an intelligent optimization algorithm to determine the bearing parameters.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0077] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0078] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A design method for a large thrust ball bearing with anti-seismic function, characterized in that: The large-scale thrust ball bearing with anti-seismic function comprises a shaft ring (1) with a lubricating oil channel arranged inside, a seat ring (2) with annular supports arranged on both sides of the raceway, a segmented wheel retainer evenly distributed on the pitch circle at a 360° circumference, a basic limit ring (7) fixedly connected to the seat ring (2) as a fixed support, a lubrication hole (8) capable of adding lubricating oil, and a sealing ring (9) arranged on the upper side of the annular support at a position in contact with the shaft ring (1); The segmented wheel retainer comprises a plurality of split retainer partitions (3) that roll circumferentially along a pitch circle on a seat ring (2), a plurality of ball-type rolling bodies (4) arranged on the split retainer partitions (3), a plurality of groups of supporting wheel bearings (5) of a structural type of deep groove ball bearings, and a plurality of supporting shafts (6) fixedly mounted in shaft holes of the split retainer partitions (3); the basic limiting ring (7) and the seat ring (2) are both rotating bodies, and a ring-mounted limiting spacing exists between the basic limiting ring (7) and the seat ring (2), and the radial displacement of the thrust ball bearing shaft ring is limited by the basic limiting ring under the action of a seismic load; The design system of the large-scale thrust ball bearing with anti-seismic function includes a parameter optimization module and a size calculation module; the specific design steps are as follows: Step A: Input the outer dimensions of the bearing, which include the maximum outer diameter Dmax of the bearing shaft ring and the seat ring and the minimum inner diameter dmin of the bearing shaft ring and the seat ring; Step B: Determine the optimization objective function; Step C: Input optimization constraints; Step D: Calculate the bearing static safety factor K s , K s =C oa / P oa , where C oa is the rated static load, P oa is the equivalent static load; Step E: Calculate the nominal bearing fatigue life L 10h , and the rated dynamic load / equivalent dynamic load is required to be greater than 2.4; Step F: Bearing detail dimension calculation; Step G: Determine whether the bearing structure meets the structural requirements of the fastener and the circular motion of the segmented wheel retainer. If not, return to step A to modify the bearing outer dimensions.

2. The design method of a large-scale thrust ball bearing with anti-seismic function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hardness of the shaft ring (1) and the seat ring (2) after tempering is 57 to 62 HRC.

3. The design method of a large-scale thrust ball bearing with anti-seismic function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The raceway surfaces of the shaft ring (1) and the seat ring (2) are hardened using a surface induction hardening process.

4. The design method of a large-scale thrust ball bearing with anti-seismic function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ball-type rolling element (4) is subjected to a full quenching process, and the hardness after quenching and tempering is required to be not less than 60HRC. The hardness of the ball-type rolling element (4) is 1 to 2HRC greater than the hardness of the shaft ring (1) and the seat ring (2).

5. The design method of a large-scale thrust ball bearing with anti-seismic function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The support shaft (6) is fixedly installed in the shaft hole of the split retainer partition (3) by cold installation or by adding a clamping ring to the shaft end.

6. The design method of a large-scale thrust ball bearing with anti-seismic function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The supporting wheel bearing (5) is interference-fitted with the supporting shaft (6) by means of liquid nitrogen cold-packing.

7. The design method of a large-scale thrust ball bearing with anti-seismic function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step B, the objective function is the rated dynamic load C a , rated dynamic load C a The specific calculation formula is C a =3.647b m f c Z 2 / 3 D W 1.4 , where b m is the coefficient, the value is 1.3; f c is the rated dynamic load factor, Z is the number of rolling elements, D w is the rolling element diameter.

8. The design method of a large-scale thrust ball bearing with anti-seismic function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step C, the specific steps for inputting optimization constraints are as follows: (C1) Input ball diameter D of the ball rolling element (4) w ,Kmin (Dmax-dmin)<D w <Kmax (Dmax-dmin),Kmin=0.26,Kmax=0.42; (C2) Input bearing pitch diameter D wp , D wp =0.5(Dmax+dmin); (C3) Input ball rolling element (4) spacing ε1, ε1 = 6 ~ 12mm; (C4) Input the spacing between adjacent cages ε2, ε2 = 12mm; Where Z is the number of rolling elements, D w is the rolling element diameter, D wp is the pitch circle diameter.

9. The design method of a large-scale thrust ball bearing with anti-seismic function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step F, the bearing detail dimension calculation includes: (F1) Shaft washer (1) Channel curvature radius r i =0.54D w , D w is the rolling element diameter; (F2) Center diameter of the groove of the shaft ring (1) and the seat ring (2) d i =D wp ; (F3) Shaft washer (1) Groove bottom height h e =0.5(TD w ), T is the bearing height; the groove bottom height of the raceway (2) h i ; (F4) Shaft washer (1) height b = h i +0.1D w , seat ring (2) height c = h e +0.1D w ; (F5) Shaft washer (1) Groove height g i =bh i , raceway height (2) g e =ch i .

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