A processing method and yarn for adjusting fiber arrangement structure by twisting and shaping

Abstract

The invention relates to a processing method and yarn for adjusting fiber arrangement structure by twisting and shaping. The invention adopts an immersion liquid feeding method to make the outer layer of filaments passing through a liquid feeding device carry solution, and the staple fiber strands are stretched by a stretching mechanism and then enter a primary twisting mechanism for twisting and shaping. The filaments carrying the solution are combined with the staple fiber strands through the primary twisting mechanism and enter a secondary twisting mechanism for twisting and shaping. The filaments are covered by the staple fiber strands under the twisting action and are arranged in a spiral shape under the torsion coordination of the staple fiber strands. After the twisting and shaping, the yarns are cured by a heat treatment device to shape the solution between the filaments and the staple fiber yarns, so that the twisting and torsion of the fibers are twisted and shaped, and at the same time, the surface fibers of the yarns are smoothed, the stress bonding between the filaments and the staple fiber yarns is enhanced, the inner and outer layer structures of the yarns are effectively regulated, the bonding effect between the fibers is greatly enhanced, and the yarn structure and yarn strength are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of yarn prevention, in particular to a processing method for adjusting fiber arrangement structure by twisting and shaping and a yarn. Background Art

[0002] The filament / staple fiber composite spinning technology can make the yarn have the style, feel, and moisture absorption of natural staple fibers, as well as the stiffness and shape retention provided by the filament's own strength and elongation. This excellent yarn quality and unique yarn structure have attracted more and more attention in recent years and have rapidly developed into an important method to meet the performance diversity of textiles. At present, there are many spinning methods that can produce filament composite yarns, mainly ring spinning, rotor spinning, vortex spinning, self-twist spinning, etc.

[0003] The performance of yarn depends on the yarn structure. In composite spinning yarn, the arrangement and distribution of short fibers and filaments and the synergistic conformation between the two play a decisive role in the yarn performance. The above studies have made positive and meaningful explorations on the structure and performance of composite yarns in theory and practice, but they are limited to the study of the performance of yarns spun by a single composite spinning method, and there is a lack of systematic research on the relationship between the structure and performance of composite yarns.

[0004] Ring spinning belongs to the holding end spinning, which has excellent control over fiber forming. After continuous research and improvement, the yarn quality has been further improved. Therefore, ring spinning technology has the advantages of strong adaptability to raw materials, compact yarn structure and high yarn strength. Since the twisting and winding of ring spinning are carried out simultaneously, the spinning speed is limited by the spun yarn package; although the industry has continuously strengthened the research on spun yarn long car and automatic yarn dropping in recent years, the ring spinning speed and twisting efficiency have not undergone significant improvements, and the spinning spindle speed has been maintained in the range of 15000~20000r / min.

[0005] Gharahaghaji et al. used the Solo Spun principle, modified the filament feeding device, and used a grooved beam splitting roller similar to Solo Spun to develop a new type of filament cluster spinning (Cluster-Spun). Since the filaments pass through the beam splitting roller before being fed into the staple fiber whiskers, they are in the shape of a flat ribbon with multiple single filaments arranged in parallel, which is more conducive to the twisting and bonding of the filaments and the staple fibers in the spinning triangle, and strengthens the friction between the two components, and finally obtains a new structure of filament beam spinning yarn. Similarly, Naeem et al. used a micro grooved roller to beam the filaments to enhance the wrapping effect of the filaments on the staple fiber whiskers in the center of the yarn, and finally achieve the purpose of enhancing the wear resistance of the yarn. All of the above composite spinning methods effectively increase the friction between the filaments and the staple fibers, which is more conducive to the full compounding between the two components. In addition, due to the accompanying spinning effect of the filaments, the breakage rate during the spinning process is reduced, and the wrapping effect of the filaments can capture the short fibers outside the sliver, thereby increasing the utilization rate of the short fibers and ultimately improving the yarn quality.

[0006] Compared with ring spinning, the advantage of rotor spinning is that it can achieve fast, short-process and automated spinning of fiber strips. However, rotor spinning technology is not as good as ring spinning in the development of high-quality and ultra-high-count spinning, and has not yet broken through the limitations of short-staple rotor spinning high-count and high-strength yarns.

[0007] Vortex spinning is also a free-end spinning method. When the fiber content of the sliver is low during the spinning process of high-count yarn, the twisting force is insufficient, the yarn breakage rate is high, and even spinning is impossible. Therefore, the application scope of vortex spinning technology is limited by factors such as fiber type and yarn variety.

[0008] Since self-twisting yarn requires two strands to twist together to form yarn, self-twisting yarn is a ply yarn, generally a medium-special yarn. At the same time, self-twisting yarn has the disadvantage of weak sections in the untwisted area, and is only suitable for long wool fibers.

[0009] Chinese patent number CN103924350B, published on August 17, 2016, the invention is named a method and device for processing twisted yarn, using a complex mechanism of "first roller-first rubbing roller-second roller-second rubbing roller" to output cotton fiber and polyester filament from the first roller to the first rubbing roller for twisting, forming a same-phase polyester-cotton self-twisting yarn, and then the polyester-cotton self-twisting yarn is twisted together with another polyester filament into the second rubbing roller, forming a double-entangled three-strand self-twisting polyester-cotton yarn of two polyester filaments. By twisting the cotton fiber and polyester filament twice on the self-twisting spinning machine, the problem of loosening and breaking of short-fiber self-twisting yarn such as cotton is avoided, so that the polyester-cotton composite yarn can be processed on the self-twisting spinning machine. However, the process of introducing two filaments is complicated, and the introduction of the second filament increases the side path length, resulting in the traverse parameters and process design of the second rubbing roller being inconsistent with the first rubbing roller, which increases the difficulty of use. The use of two groups of polyester filaments weakens the characteristics of short-staple yarns, and the twisting zones of the polyester-cotton self-twisting yarns need to be staggered so that the two polyester filaments are evenly wound around the cotton fibers, which is difficult to control in actual production. The internal short-staple fiber twist is determined by blending low-melting-point chemical fibers, which are melt-bonded by microwave heating, increasing the difficulty of pre-spinning cotton matching, and the twist effect cannot be adjusted in the spinning process. Summary of the invention

[0010] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a processing method and yarn for adjusting the fiber arrangement structure by twisting and shaping, which can effectively improve the quality of the yarn, improve the yarn structure, increase the yarn strength, reduce the yarn hairiness, and inherit the advantages of filament-short fiber composite spinning.

[0011] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0012] A processing method for adjusting the fiber arrangement structure by twisting and shaping, the processing method is as follows: the short fiber roving and the filament with a solution on the surface are respectively stretched by a stretching mechanism and then enter the first twisting mechanism for the first twisting treatment, the short fiber strands and the filaments after the first twisting treatment enter the second twisting mechanism for the second twisting treatment, under the coordinated twisting action of the first and second twisting mechanisms, the fibers inside the short fiber strands are twisted by bending and twisting; at the same time, the fibers are dynamically adjusted under the reciprocating rotation of the first and second twisting mechanisms Arrangement and twist distribution of yarn body: the filaments are covered by the staple fiber whiskers under the action of twisting, and are arranged in a spiral shape under the torsional coordination of the staple fiber whiskers. The solution carried on the surface of the filaments penetrates from the surface of the filaments into the interior of the staple fibers under the torsional cohesive force of twisting. The fibers with hooked spiral conformation inside the staple fiber whiskers soaked with the solution are subjected to the twisting force to strengthen the torsion and increase the orientation. Subsequently, the yarn composed of staple fiber whiskers and filaments after being processed by the second-level twisting mechanism is solidified and twisted by a heat treatment device to smooth the surface fibers of the yarn, and finally the heat-treated yarn is wound onto the winding device.

[0013] Furthermore, the solution is one of a polyvinyl alcohol solution with a concentration of 0.2%-2%, a polyacrylic acid solution with a concentration of 0.2%-2%, or a polyvinyl butyral ester solution with a concentration of 0.2%-3%.

[0014] Furthermore, the staple fiber strands are cotton fibers or polyester fibers, and the filaments are polyester chemical fiber filaments.

[0015] Furthermore, the first-stage twisting mechanism and the second-stage twisting mechanism have opposite traverse directions, the same rotational linear speeds, and the same traverse frequencies.

[0016] Furthermore, the heating temperature of the heat treatment device is 100-150°C.

[0017] At the same time, the present invention also provides a yarn processed by the above-mentioned twisting and shaping method for adjusting the fiber arrangement structure, wherein the yarn includes a forward twisting and twisting zone, a reverse twisting and twisting zone and a filament spiral arrangement zone, wherein the forward twisting and twisting zone and the reverse twisting and twisting zone form a continuous twisting torsional bonding structure, and the filament spiral arrangement zone is composed of a filament wrapping zone tightly wound on the surface of the forward twisting and twisting zone and the reverse twisting and twisting zone.

[0018] Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the processing method of the present invention for adjusting the fiber arrangement structure by twisting and shaping has the following advantages: the present invention adopts a single liquid-carrying filament to be covered by the twisted staple whiskers produced by twisting of the twisting mechanism, and the staple whiskers are arranged in a spiral shape under the drive of the twisting and twisting, thereby reinforcing the surface structure of the staple yarn, ensuring the continuous stability of the staple whiskers, eliminating the untwisted weak loops existing in the twisting and twisting, solving the problem of the difficulty in continuous yarn formation of staple fibers by twisting, and maintaining the traditional style and feel of the staple yarn; the reciprocating steering of the primary and secondary twisting mechanisms will dynamically adjust the fiber arrangement and the twist distribution of the yarn body, so that the internal staple fiber torque is balanced and the untwisted weak loops are eliminated; at the same time, when the liquid-carrying filaments are wrapped, the solution infiltrates the staple whiskers, changes the fiber molecular structure, increases the fiber orientation, strengthens the twisting and twisting of the fibers, and heat-treats the solidified solution to enhance the fiber bonding force, so that the twisting and twisting of the fibers between the primary and secondary twisting mechanisms are shaped, and the surface fibers are smoothed, the yarn structure is improved, the yarn strength is increased, and the yarn hairiness is reduced. The spun yarn is directly wound, which greatly improves the production efficiency. The invention inherits the advantages of filament-short fiber composite spinning, ensures the extensiveness and variety adaptability of raw materials, and breaks through the limit of the spun yarn count. The invention is easy to operate, has no additional energy consumption, has a simple and clear structure, and is easy to promote and use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a processing method for adjusting the fiber arrangement structure by twisting and shaping.

[0020] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of the yarn spun by the twisting and shaping processing method for adjusting the fiber arrangement structure. In the figure: 1-filament tube, 2-filament, 3-roving tube, 4-short fiber roving, 5-drafting mechanism (52-front roller, 51-front rubber roller, 54-middle roller, 53-upper sheath, 56-rear roller and 55-rear rubber roller), 6-liquid feeding device, 7-short fiber whiskers, 8-first-stage twisting mechanism, 9-second-stage twisting mechanism yarn, 10-heat treatment device, 11-yarn, 12-winding device, 13-forward twisting and twisting zone, 14-reverse twisting and twisting zone, 15-filament spiral arrangement zone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Combined with reference to Figure 1 As shown, a twisting and shaping method for adjusting the fiber arrangement structure, the steps are as follows:

[0023] S1, after the short fiber roving 4 is unwound from the roving tube 3, it is stretched by the three-roller stretching mechanism 5 and then enters the primary twisting mechanism 8 placed at the front end of the front roller 52 and the front rubber roller 51. At the same time, the filament 2 unwound from the filament tube 1 passes through the liquid feeding device 6, and its surface layer carries the solution, and is also fed into the primary twisting mechanism 8 after passing through the front roller 52 and the front rubber roller 51.

[0024] S2 / After being stretched, the staple fiber strips 7 and the filaments 2 pass through the primary twisting mechanism 8 and then enter the secondary twisting mechanism 9 again. Under the coordinated twisting action of the primary and secondary twisting mechanisms 8 and 9, the internal fibers of the staple fiber strips 7 are bent and twisted to form a twist. When the primary and secondary twisting mechanisms 8 and 9 reciprocate, the fiber arrangement and the twist distribution of the yarn body are dynamically adjusted, and the fed liquid-carrying filaments 2 are covered by the staple fiber strips 7 under the twisting action, and are arranged in a spiral shape under the coordinated twisting of the staple fiber strips. The filaments 3 are covered in the staple fibers, which enhances the yarn cohesion and enables the staple fiber strips 7 to be twisted continuously without unravelling, thereby stabilizing the twist winding, consolidating the yarn structure, and eliminating the generation of weak loops.

[0025] The solution carried on the surface of the filament 2 penetrates from the surface of the filament 3 into the interior of the staple fiber under the twisting and torsion cohesion force, and the fibers with hooked helical conformation inside the staple fiber strand 7 soaked with the solution are subjected to the twisting force to strengthen the torsion and increase the orientation. At the same time, the yarn output by the primary and secondary twisting mechanisms 8 and 9 is cured and twisted by the heat treatment device 10, and the surface fibers of the yarn 11 are smoothed. The cured solution makes the twisting and torsion of the fibers between the primary and secondary twisting mechanisms 8 and 9 fixed, and at the same time strengthens the binding force between the filament and the staple fiber and between the fibers inside the staple fiber. Finally, the heat-treated yarn 11 is wound on the winding device 12.

[0026] The short fiber whiskers 7 can be cellulose fiber whiskers such as cotton fibers or chemical fiber whiskers such as polyester, and the filaments 2 can be chemical fiber filaments such as polyester.

[0027] The solution in the liquid feeding device 6 may be a polyvinyl alcohol solution with a concentration of 0.2%-2%; a polyacrylic acid solution with a concentration of 0.2%-2%; or a polyvinyl butyral ester solution with a concentration of 0.2%-3%.

[0028] The three-roller drafting mechanism includes a front roller 52, a front rubber roller 51, a middle roller 54, an upper sheath 53, a rear roller 56 and a rear rubber roller 55. The jaw line of the primary twisting mechanism 9 is 50 to 200 mm away from the jaw line of the front roller 52 and the front rubber roller 51. The jaw line of the secondary twisting mechanism 9 is 80 to 250 mm away from the jaw line of the primary twisting mechanism 8. The primary twisting mechanism 8, the secondary twisting mechanism 9 and the three-roller drafting mechanism 5 are maintained on the same horizontal line.

[0029] The primary twisting mechanism 8 and the secondary twisting mechanism 9 can perform both rotational motion and reciprocating transverse motion. The transverse motion directions of the primary twisting mechanism 8 and the secondary twisting mechanism 9 are opposite, the rotational linear speed and the transverse motion speed are the same. The primary twisting mechanism 8 and the secondary twisting mechanism 9 have a rotational linear speed of 10m / min-100m / min, a transverse motion speed of 1m / min-10m / min, and a transverse displacement distance of 5cmm-25cm.

[0030] The primary twisting mechanism 8 and the secondary twisting mechanism 9 are respectively composed of two pairs of twisting rubber rollers, wherein the surfaces of the twisting rubber rollers are treated with super-hydrophobicity, so that the solution carried on the surface of the filament will not adhere to the twisting rubber rollers when contacting the twisting rubber rollers.

[0031] The straight-line distance between the heat treatment device 10 and the secondary twisting rubber roller 9 is 3-15 mm, and the heat treatment temperature is 100-150°C.

[0032] See attached Figure 2As shown, a single strand of yarn is composed of a forward twisting and twisting zone 11, a reverse twisting and twisting zone 12 and a filament wrapping zone 13; the short fiber strands are twisted and twisted back and forth by two twisting mechanisms to form a twisted torsional embrace; when the primary and secondary twisting mechanisms form a Z-direction twisting and twisting on the intermediate short fiber strands, the short fiber strands form a forward twisting and twisting zone 11; when the primary and secondary twisting mechanisms form an S-direction twisting and twisting on the intermediate short fiber strands, the short fiber strands form a reverse twisting and twisting zone 11; driven by the twisting force, the filaments are tightly wound along the surface of the twisted short fiber strands to form a filament wrapping zone 13; when the primary and secondary twisting mechanisms turn, the twist-free zone produced by the fiber twist balance is eliminated under the synergistic action of the filament wrapping, forming a tight connection between the forward twisting and twisting zone 11 and the reverse twisting and twisting zone 12. The multi-level fiber arrangement structure is regulated by twisting of the composite yarn through the transverse friction of the primary twisting mechanism 6 and the secondary twisting mechanism 7, forming a single yarn structure with spiral winding of surface filaments and positive and negative twisting and embracing of internal fibers. Specific embodiments

[0034] Example 1

[0035] The short fiber whiskers are 450tex pure cotton roving whiskers, the filaments are 25D polyester filaments, the liquid feeding device contains a 0.2% polyvinyl alcohol solution, the liquid feeding rate is 10ml / min, and the existing heat treatment device is used, and the heat treatment temperature is set to 120℃. The process flow is as follows:

[0036] After the pure cotton roving whiskers are unwound from the roving tube, they enter the three-roller drafting mechanism and are output from the front jaw. At the same time, after the polyester filaments are unwound from the filament tube, they are fed by the front roller through the liquid feeding device filled with polyvinyl alcohol solution and placed in the center of the short fiber whiskers after drafting. The short fiber whiskers and filaments output by the front jaw at 45m / min enter the primary and secondary twisting mechanisms in turn. The primary and secondary twisting mechanisms have opposite traverse directions and the same traverse frequency. Their linear speed is 45m / min, the maximum traverse distance is 25cm, and the traverse speed is 3m / min. After being twisted and entangled by the twisting mechanism, the yarn enters the heat treatment device micro-processing device "CN105401270B A constrained soft and smooth spinning device", in which the heat treatment module is about 20mm and the temperature is 120℃. The hairiness on the yarn surface is smoothed by the heat treatment device and adheres to the yarn surface. At the same time, it is solidified and twisted by the internal solution of polyester filament and pure cotton staple fiber to form a soft yarn with no torque and tightly bonded fiber torsion.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] The short fiber whiskers are 800tex viscose roving whiskers, the filaments are 25D polyester filaments, the liquid feeding device contains a 1% polyacrylic acid solution, the liquid feeding rate is 6ml / min, and the existing heat treatment device is used, and the heat treatment temperature is set to 150℃. The process flow is as follows:

[0039] After the viscose roving whiskers are unwound from the roving tube, they enter the three-roller drafting mechanism and are output from the front jaw. At the same time, the polyester filaments are unwound from the filament tube and fed by the front roller through the liquid feeding device filled with polyacrylic acid solution, and placed in the center of the short fiber whiskers after drafting. The short fiber whiskers and filaments output by the front jaw at 40m / min enter the primary and secondary twisting mechanisms in turn. The primary and secondary twisting mechanisms have opposite traverse directions and the same traverse frequency. The linear speed is 40m / min, the maximum traverse distance is 20cm, and the traverse speed is 5m / min. After being twisted and embraced by the twisting mechanism, the yarn enters the micro-processing device of the heat treatment device, in which the heat treatment module is about 25mm and the temperature is 150℃. The surface hairiness of the yarn is smoothed by the heat treatment device and conforms to the surface of the yarn. At the same time, it is solidified and twisted by the internal solution of the polyester filament and the viscose staple fiber, forming a soft, torque-free yarn with tightly bonded fiber torsions.

[0040] Example 3

[0041] The short fiber whiskers are 280tex lyocell roving whiskers, the filaments are 20D polypropylene filaments, the liquid feeding device contains a 0.4% polyvinyl butyral ester solution, the liquid feeding rate is 10ml / min, and the heat treatment device is used, and the heat treatment temperature is set to 150℃. The process flow is as follows:

[0042] After the lyocell roving is unwound from the roving tube, it enters the three-roller drafting mechanism and is output from the front jaw. At the same time, the polypropylene filament is unwound from the filament tube and fed by the front roller through a liquid feeding device filled with polyvinyl alcohol solution, and is placed at 2 / 3 of the overall position of the short fiber sliver after drafting. The short fiber sliver and filament output by the front jaw at 30m / min enter the primary and secondary twisting mechanisms in turn. The primary and secondary twisting mechanisms have opposite lateral movement directions and the same lateral movement frequency. The linear speed is 30m / min, the maximum lateral movement distance is 10cm, and the lateral movement speed is 2.5m / min. After being twisted and embraced by the twisting mechanism, the yarn enters the micro-processing device of the heat treatment device, in which the heat treatment module is about 20mm and the temperature is 150℃. The surface hairiness of the yarn is smoothed by the heat treatment device and conformed to the surface of the yarn. At the same time, it is solidified and twisted by the polypropylene filament and the internal solution of the lyocell staple fiber to form a soft, torque-free yarn with tightly bonded fibers.

[0043] In this document, the directional words such as front, back, top, and bottom are defined by the positions of the components in the drawings and the positions of the components relative to each other, and are only for the sake of clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of the directional words should not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0044] In the absence of conflict, the above embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting the fiber arrangement structure by twisting and shaping, wherein the yarn formed by the processing method comprises a forward twisting and twisting zone, a reverse twisting and twisting zone and a filament spiral arrangement zone, wherein the forward twisting and twisting zone and the reverse twisting and twisting zone form a continuous twisting and twisting torsional entanglement structure, and the filament spiral arrangement zone is composed of a filament wrapping zone tightly wound on the surface of the forward twisting and twisting zone and the reverse twisting and twisting zone; characterized in that: The processing method is as follows: the staple fiber roving and the filaments with solution on the surface are respectively stretched by a stretching mechanism and then enter into a first-stage twisting mechanism for a first-stage twisting treatment; the staple fiber strands and filaments after the first-stage twisting treatment enter into a second-stage twisting mechanism for a second-stage twisting treatment; under the coordinated twisting action of the first-stage and second-stage twisting mechanisms, the fibers inside the staple fiber strands are twisted in a buckling and torsion manner; at the same time, under the reciprocating rotation action of the first-stage and second-stage twisting mechanisms, the fiber arrangement and the twist distribution of the yarn body are dynamically adjusted, and the filaments are twisted in a second-stage twisting mechanism. The silk is covered by the staple fiber whiskers under the action of twisting, and is arranged in a spiral shape under the coordination of the torsional twisting of the staple fiber whiskers. The solution carried on the surface of the filament penetrates from the surface of the filament into the interior of the staple fiber under the torsional cohesive force of twisting. The fibers with hooked spiral conformation inside the staple fiber whiskers soaked in the solution are subjected to the twisting force to strengthen the torsion and increase the orientation. Subsequently, the yarn composed of the staple fiber whiskers and the filaments after being processed by the second-stage twisting mechanism is solidified and twisted by a heat treatment device to smooth the surface fibers of the yarn, and finally the heat-treated yarn is wound onto the winding device.

2. A twisting and shaping method for adjusting the fiber arrangement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solution is one of a polyvinyl alcohol solution with a concentration of 0.2%-2%, a polyacrylic acid solution with a concentration of 0.2%-2%, or a polyvinyl butyral ester solution with a concentration of 0.2%-3%.

3. The method for adjusting the fiber arrangement structure by twisting and shaping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The short fiber strands are cotton fibers or polyester fibers, and the filaments are polyester chemical fiber filaments.

4. The method for adjusting the fiber arrangement structure by twisting and shaping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-stage twisting mechanism and the second-stage twisting mechanism have opposite traverse directions, the same rotational linear speeds, and the same traverse frequencies.

5. The method for adjusting the fiber arrangement structure by twisting and shaping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating temperature of the heat treatment device is 100-150°C.

Images