Scattering film and electronic device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a scattering film and an electronic device. The scattering film includes a conductive layer and a scattering layer. A plurality of first through holes penetrating the conductive layer are provided on the conductive layer. The aperture of the first through holes is smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, so that the electromagnetic wave diffracts after passing through the first through holes, thereby increasing the spatial range of electromagnetic wave emission. A scattering layer is provided on the conductive layer. The scattering layer includes at least a structure that is transmissive to electromagnetic waves. The scattering layer further scatters the electromagnetic waves that pass through the conductive layer, thereby further increasing the spatial range of electromagnetic wave emission. Thus, the electromagnetic wave divergence function is achieved, and communication blind spots are avoided as much as possible.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of communication equipment, and in particular to a scattering film and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0002] Electromagnetic wave communication utilizes electromagnetic waves with wavelengths between 0.1 mm and 1 meter. This wavelength corresponds to a frequency range of 300 MHz (0.3 GHz) to 3 THz. Unlike modern communication network transmission methods such as coaxial cable, fiber optic, and satellite communications, electromagnetic wave communication uses electromagnetic waves directly as a medium, eliminating the need for a solid medium. Electromagnetic wave transmission can be used whenever there is no obstacle within a straight-line distance between two points.

[0003] Electromagnetic wave communication is directional due to the linear transmission characteristics of electromagnetic waves. If the user is not in the specified direction area, the signal cannot be received, resulting in a communication blind spot. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One object of the present invention is to provide a scattering film, through which electromagnetic waves can be scattered, thereby increasing the spatial range of electromagnetic wave emission and avoiding communication blind spots as much as possible.

[0005] Another object of an embodiment of the present invention is to provide an electronic device having a large electromagnetic wave signal emission range.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a scattering film, the scattering film comprising:

[0007] a conductive layer, wherein a first through hole is formed on the conductive layer and penetrates the conductive layer, wherein the first through hole allows electromagnetic waves to pass through, and the aperture of the first through hole is smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave;

[0008] The scattering layer is arranged on the first surface of the conductive layer, and the scattering layer at least includes a structure that is transmissive to the electromagnetic wave.

[0009] Optionally, the scattering layer includes a substrate, a plurality of second through holes penetrating the substrate are formed on the substrate, the second through holes are for electromagnetic waves to pass through, and the aperture of the second through holes is smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0010] Optionally, the number and / or aperture of the second through holes presents a trend of continuous change in at least one preset direction, and the preset direction is any direction within the surface of the scattering layer.

[0011] Optionally, each of the first through holes corresponds to a second through hole, and the first through holes and the second through holes corresponding to the first through holes at least partially overlap in a direction perpendicular to the conductive layer.

[0012] Optionally, the plurality of second through holes are arranged in an array, and the apertures of the second through holes along the preset direction show a variation trend of being larger in the middle and smaller on both sides or smaller in the middle and larger on both sides, or,

[0013] The plurality of second through holes are arranged in an array, and the apertures of the second through holes along the preset direction present a trend of continuous increase or continuous decrease.

[0014] Optionally, the plurality of second through holes are arranged in an array, and the number of the second through holes along the preset direction presents a trend of more in the middle and less on both sides or less in the middle and more on both sides, or,

[0015] The plurality of second through holes are arranged in an array, and the number of the second through holes along the preset direction presents a trend of continuous increase or continuous decrease.

[0016] Optionally, the second through hole is filled with a dielectric material that is transmissive of electromagnetic waves.

[0017] Optionally, along the preset direction, the refractive index of the dielectric material to the incident electromagnetic wave shows a trend of being smaller in the middle and larger on both sides.

[0018] Optionally, the scattering layer includes a substrate, a plurality of second through holes penetrating the substrate are opened on the substrate, the second through holes are filled with a dielectric material through which electromagnetic waves can pass, and the refractive index of the dielectric material to the incident electromagnetic waves in at least one preset direction presents a trend of being small in the middle and large on both sides, and the preset direction is any direction within the surface of the scattering layer.

[0019] Optionally, the scattering film further includes a first protruding structure, which is provided on a side of the scattering layer away from the conductive layer, and is configured such that reflection occurs when electromagnetic waves pass through the first protruding structure.

[0020] Optionally, the first protrusion structure includes a plurality of protrusions, and the distance between adjacent protrusions is less than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0021] Optionally, the scattering film further includes a protective layer, which is arranged on a side of the scattering layer away from the conductive layer, and the first protruding structure extends into the protective layer.

[0022] Optionally, the scattering film further includes a connecting layer, and the connecting layer is provided on a second surface of the conductive layer, where the second surface is a surface opposite to the first surface.

[0023] Optionally, the scattering film further includes a second protruding structure, wherein the second protruding structure is provided on the second surface of the conductive layer, and the second protruding structure extends into the connecting layer.

[0024] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, which includes the scattering film provided in the first aspect of the present invention, and further includes an antenna device, wherein a surface of the antenna device is connected to the scattering film.

[0025] The scattering film provided by an embodiment of the present invention has a plurality of first through holes penetrating the conductive layer, wherein the aperture of the first through holes is smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, so that the electromagnetic wave is diffracted after passing through the first through holes, thereby increasing the spatial range of electromagnetic wave emission; a scattering layer is provided on the conductive layer, and the scattering layer includes at least a structure that is transmissive to electromagnetic waves. The scattering layer further diverges the electromagnetic waves that pass through the conductive layer, thereby further increasing the spatial range of electromagnetic wave emission; thereby achieving the divergence function of the electromagnetic wave and avoiding communication blind spots as much as possible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0027] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a scattering film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of another scattering film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of another scattering film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of another scattering film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 A top view of a scattering film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 A top view of another scattering film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 A top view of another scattering film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 A top view of another scattering film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 A top view of another scattering film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 A cross-sectional view of another scattering film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 11 A cross-sectional view of another scattering film provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 12 A cross-sectional view of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 13 A cross-sectional view of another electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 14 A cross-sectional view of another electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 15 A cross-sectional view of another electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Description of the drawings:

[0043] 110. Conductive layer; 120. Diffusion layer; 111. First through hole; 121. Second through hole; 122. Dielectric material; 130. Protective layer; 140. First protruding structure; 141. Protrusion; 150. Connecting layer; 160. Second protruding structure; 10. Scattering film; 20. Antenna device; 21. Antenna circuit; 22. Substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] To make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions adopted, and the technical effects achieved by the present invention more clearly understood, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific circumstances.

[0046] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0047] An embodiment of the present invention provides a scattering film, comprising a conductive layer and a scattering layer;

[0048] The conductive layer has a first through-hole extending through the conductive layer. The conductive layer is made of any one of copper, aluminum, titanium, zinc, iron, nickel, chromium, cobalt, silver, or gold, or an alloy of two or more of these materials. The first through-hole allows electromagnetic waves to pass through. The aperture of the first through-hole is smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, so that the electromagnetic wave diffracts after passing through the first through-hole, thereby increasing the spatial range of the electromagnetic wave emission.

[0049] The scattering layer is disposed on the first surface of the conductive layer. The scattering layer includes a substrate and at least a structure that is transmissive to electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic waves that pass through the conductive layer are further dispersed by the scattering layer, further increasing the spatial range of electromagnetic wave emission. This achieves the electromagnetic wave dispersion function and minimizes communication blind spots.

[0050] The scattering film provided by an embodiment of the present invention has a plurality of first through holes penetrating the conductive layer, wherein the aperture of the first through holes is smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, so that the electromagnetic wave is diffracted after passing through the first through holes, thereby increasing the spatial range of electromagnetic wave emission; a scattering layer is provided on the conductive layer, and the scattering layer includes at least a structure that is transmissive to electromagnetic waves. The scattering layer further diverges the electromagnetic waves that pass through the conductive layer, thereby further increasing the spatial range of electromagnetic wave emission; thereby achieving the divergence function of the electromagnetic wave and avoiding communication blind spots as much as possible.

[0051] Exemplarily, the scattering layer includes a substrate having a plurality of second through holes extending through the substrate. The second through holes allow electromagnetic waves to pass through, and the aperture of the second through holes is smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves, so that the electromagnetic waves are diffracted after passing through the second through holes, thereby further increasing the spatial range of the electromagnetic wave emission.

[0052] For example, the number and / or aperture of the second through holes vary continuously in at least one predetermined direction, which can be any direction within the surface of the scattering layer. This arrangement can enhance the disorder of electromagnetic wave diffraction in the scattering layer, further increasing the spatial range of electromagnetic wave emission.

[0053] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the mask assembly provided in this embodiment is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0054] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a scattering film provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of another scattering film provided in an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the scattering film includes a conductive layer 110 and a scattering layer 120 .

[0055] The conductive layer 110 can be made of copper and has a plurality of first through-holes 111 extending through the conductive layer 110 for passage of electromagnetic waves. The aperture of each first through-hole 111 is smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave. This causes the electromagnetic wave to diffract upon entering the first through-hole 111. This alters the propagation path of the electromagnetic wave, which was originally transmitted in a single direction, and creates multiple propagation paths through diffraction, thereby expanding the spatial range of the electromagnetic wave emission.

[0056] The scattering layer 120 covers the first surface of the conductive layer 110. The scattering layer 120 includes a substrate with a plurality of second through holes 121 extending through the substrate for passage of electromagnetic waves. The aperture of each second through hole 121 is smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, so that the electromagnetic wave diffracts after entering the second through hole 121, further expanding the spatial range of electromagnetic wave emission. The substrate can be made of a metal material that has a shielding effect on electromagnetic waves or an organic material that can penetrate electromagnetic waves. For example, Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the example, the substrate is made of metal. In order to allow the electromagnetic wave signal passing through the conductive layer 110 to pass through the diffusion layer 120 of the metal substrate, it is necessary to set each first through hole 111 to correspond to a second through hole 121, and the first through hole 111 and the second through hole 121 corresponding to the first through hole 111 at least partially overlap in the direction perpendicular to the conductive layer 110 (Z direction). For example, Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention is described by taking the case where the cross-sectional shape of the first through hole 111 and the second through hole 121 is a circle, and the diameters of the circles cut at any cross section perpendicular to the Z direction are the same, that is, the first through hole 111 and the second through hole 121 are cylindrical through holes, the diameters of the first through hole 111 and the second through hole 121 are equal, and they completely overlap in the Z direction as an example.

[0057] It should be noted that the substrate of the scattering layer may also be a material that electromagnetic waves can penetrate. For example, the substrate may be an organic material such as polyethyleneimine or epoxy resin. In this case, the first through hole and the second through hole may not overlap in the Z direction. Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of another scattering film provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4A cross-sectional view of another scattering film provided in an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the scattering film includes a conductive layer 110 and a scattering layer 120. Conductive layer 110 is provided with a first through-hole 111 extending therethrough. For example, conductive layer 110 may be made of copper. The aperture of first through-hole 111 is smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, so that the electromagnetic wave diffracts after passing through first through-hole 111. This changes the path of the electromagnetic wave, which was originally transmitted in a single direction, and creates multiple directional transmission paths through diffraction, thereby expanding the spatial range of the electromagnetic wave emission.

[0058] The scattering layer 120 covers the first surface of the conductive layer 110, and the scattering layer 120 includes a substrate, and a plurality of second through holes 121 penetrating the substrate are provided on the substrate. The aperture of each second through hole 121 is smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, so that the electromagnetic wave diffracts after entering the second through hole 121, further expanding the spatial range of the electromagnetic wave emission. The substrate can be made of an organic material such as polyethyleneimine or epoxy resin that can be penetrated by electromagnetic waves. Since the substrate is a material that can be penetrated by electromagnetic waves, the first through hole 111 and the second through hole 121 may not overlap in the Z direction. For example, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the cross-sectional shape of the first through hole 111 and the second through hole 121 is circular, and the diameters of the circles cut at any cross section perpendicular to the Z direction are the same, that is, the first through hole 111 and the second through hole 121 are cylindrical through holes.

[0059] Figure 5 A top view of a scattering film provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, the diffuser layer 120 is provided with a plurality of second through holes 121 penetrating the diffuser layer 120, and the plurality of second through holes 121 are arranged in an array. Specifically, the plurality of second through holes 121 are arranged in an array along the X direction and the Y direction of the surface of the diffuser layer 120, wherein the X direction may be the length direction of the diffuser layer 120, and the Y direction may be the width direction of the diffuser layer 120. The apertures of the plurality of second through holes 121 show a variation trend of being larger in the middle and smaller on both sides along the X direction. For example, as Figure 5As shown, the cross-sectional shape of the second through hole 121 is circular, and the diameter of the circle cut from any cross section perpendicular to the Z direction (the direction perpendicular to the conductive layer 110) is the same, that is, the second through hole 121 is a cylindrical through hole, and the apertures of the plurality of second through holes 121 present a trend of being large in the middle and small on both sides along the X direction. By setting the aperture of the second through hole 121 to present a trend of being large in the middle and small on both sides along the X direction, the disorder of the diffraction of the electromagnetic wave is enhanced, and the spatial range of the electromagnetic wave emission is further increased. In another embodiment, the apertures of the plurality of second through holes 121 can also present a trend of being small in the middle and large on both sides along the X direction, which can also achieve the technical effect of the present invention. The embodiment of the present invention will not be described in detail here.

[0060] It should be noted that in the above embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the first through hole and the second through hole is not limited. The cross-sectional area of ​​the through hole cut out in any cross section perpendicular to the Z direction may be the same or different. The embodiment of the present invention does not limit this. As long as the electromagnetic wave is diffracted after being incident on the first through hole and the second through hole, the aperture of the plurality of second through holes presents a trend of changing from large in the middle to small on both sides along the X direction. In some embodiments of the present invention, in order to facilitate the formation of the through hole, the cross-sectional shape of the first through hole and the second through hole can be a regular shape such as a circle or a square. The cross-sectional area of ​​the through hole cut out in any cross section perpendicular to the Z direction is the same. The aperture in this embodiment refers to the maximum value of the distance between any two points on the outline of any cross section of the through hole.

[0061] Figure 6 A top view of another scattering film provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 6 As shown, the diffuser layer 120 is provided with a plurality of second through holes 121 penetrating the diffuser layer 120, and the plurality of second through holes 121 are arranged in an array. Specifically, the plurality of second through holes 121 are arranged in an array along the X direction and the Y direction of the surface of the diffuser layer 120, wherein the X direction may be the length direction of the diffuser layer 120, and the Y direction may be the width direction of the diffuser layer 120. For example, Figure 6 As shown, the second through hole 121 is a cylindrical through hole as an example to illustrate an embodiment of the present invention. Along the positive direction of X, the apertures of the multiple second through holes 121 show a trend of continuous increase. By setting the apertures of the second through holes 121 to show a trend of continuous increase along the positive direction of X, the disorder of the diffraction of the electromagnetic waves is enhanced, and the spatial range of the electromagnetic wave emission is further increased. In other embodiments of the present invention, along the positive direction of X, the apertures of the multiple through holes 111 can also show a trend of continuous decrease, which can also achieve the technical effects of the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention will not be repeated here.

[0062] It should be noted that in the above embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the first through hole and the second through hole is not limited. The cross-sectional area of ​​the through hole cut out of any cross section perpendicular to the Z direction may be the same or different. The embodiment of the present invention does not limit this. As long as the electromagnetic wave is diffracted after being incident on the first through hole and the second through hole, the apertures of the multiple second through holes show a trend of continuous increase or decrease along the X direction. In some embodiments of the present invention, in order to facilitate the formation of the through hole, the cross-sectional shape of the first through hole and the second through hole can be a regular shape such as a circle or a square. The cross-sectional area of ​​the through hole cut out of any cross section perpendicular to the Z direction is the same. The aperture in this embodiment refers to the maximum value of the distance between any two points on the outline of any cross section of the through hole.

[0063] Figure 7 A top view of another scattering film provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 7 As shown, the diffuser layer 120 is provided with a plurality of second through holes 121 penetrating the diffuser layer 120, and the plurality of second through holes 121 are arranged in an array. Specifically, the plurality of second through holes 121 are arranged in an array along the X direction and the Y direction of the surface of the diffuser layer 120, wherein the X direction may be the length direction of the diffuser layer 120, and the Y direction may be the width direction of the diffuser layer 120. For example, Figure 7 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention is described by taking the through hole 111 as a cylindrical through hole as an example. The multiple second through holes 121 have the same aperture, and along the X direction, the number of the second through holes 121 shows a trend of more in the middle and less on both sides. That is, along the X direction, the second through holes 121 in the middle are arranged more densely, and the second through holes 121 on both sides are arranged more sparsely. By setting the number of the second through holes 121 to show a trend of more in the middle and less on both sides along the X direction, the disorder of the diffraction of the electromagnetic wave is enhanced, and the spatial range of the electromagnetic wave emission is further increased. It should be noted that in other embodiments of the present invention, along the X direction, the number of the second through holes 121 shows a trend of less in the middle and more on both sides. Along the X direction, the apertures of the second through holes 121 can also be unequal, for example, showing a trend of larger in the middle and smaller on both sides, or smaller in the middle and larger on both sides, or showing a trend of continuous increase or continuous decrease, which can also achieve the technical effects of the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention will not be repeated here.

[0064] It should be noted that in the above embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the first through hole and the second through hole is not limited. The cross-sectional area of ​​the through holes cut out in any cross section perpendicular to the Z direction may be the same or different. The embodiment of the present invention does not limit this. As long as the electromagnetic wave is diffracted after being incident on the first through hole and the second through hole, and the number of second through holes shows a trend of more in the middle and less on both sides along the X direction, it can be sufficient. In some embodiments of the present invention, in order to facilitate the formation of the through hole, the cross-sectional shape of the first through hole and the second through hole can be a regular shape such as a circle or a square. The cross-sectional area of ​​the through holes cut out in any cross section perpendicular to the Z direction is the same. The aperture in this embodiment refers to the maximum value of the distance between any two points on the outline of any cross section of the through hole.

[0065] Figure 8 A top view of another scattering film provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 8 As shown, the scattering layer 120 is provided with a plurality of second through holes 121 penetrating the scattering layer 120. The plurality of second through holes 121 may be arranged in an array. Specifically, the plurality of second through holes 121 may be arranged in an array along the X direction and the Y direction of the surface of the scattering layer 120. The X direction may be the length direction of the scattering layer 120, and the Y direction may be the width direction of the scattering layer 120. For example, as Figure 8 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention is described by taking the second through hole 121 as a cylindrical through hole as an example. Along the positive direction of X, the apertures of the multiple second through holes 121 show a trend of continuous increase, and the number of the second through holes 121 along the positive direction of X shows a trend of continuous decrease. By setting the number of second through holes 121 to show a trend of continuous increase along the positive direction of X, the disorder of the diffraction of electromagnetic waves is enhanced, and the spatial range of electromagnetic wave emission is further increased. It should be noted that in other embodiments of the present invention, along the X direction, the number of second through holes 121 can also show a trend of continuous increase, the apertures of the second through holes 121 can also be equal, or show a trend of large in the middle and small on both sides, or small in the middle and large on both sides, or show a trend of continuous decrease, which can also achieve the technical effect of the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention will not be repeated here.

[0066] It should be noted that in the above embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the first through hole and the second through hole is not limited. The cross-sectional area of ​​the through hole cut out in any cross section perpendicular to the Z direction may be the same or different. The embodiment of the present invention does not limit this. As long as the electromagnetic wave is diffracted after being incident on the first through hole and the second through hole, and the number of the second through holes shows a trend of continuous increase or decrease along the X direction, it can be sufficient. In some embodiments of the present invention, in order to facilitate the formation of the through hole, the cross-sectional shape of the first through hole and the second through hole can be a regular shape such as a circle or a square. The cross-sectional area of ​​the through hole cut out in any cross section perpendicular to the Z direction is the same. The aperture in this embodiment refers to the maximum value of the distance between any two points on the outline of any cross section of the through hole.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present invention, based on the above embodiments, Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the second through holes 121 are filled with a dielectric material 122 that is transmissive of electromagnetic waves. For example, each second through hole can be filled with the same dielectric material or different dielectric materials.

[0068] Figure 9 A top view of another scattering film provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 9 As shown, the diffuser layer 120 is provided with a plurality of second through holes 121 penetrating the diffuser layer 120, and the plurality of second through holes 121 may be arranged in an array. Specifically, the plurality of second through holes 121 are arranged in an array along the X direction and the Y direction of the surface of the diffuser layer 120, wherein the X direction may be the length direction of the diffuser layer 120, and the Y direction may be the width direction of the diffuser layer 120. For example, as Figure 9 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention is described using the cylindrical second through hole 121 as an example. The plurality of second through holes 121 have the same aperture. For example, the distance between any two adjacent second through holes 121 in the X direction is equal, i.e., the second through holes 121 are equidistantly arranged in the X direction.

[0069] Each second through hole 121 is filled with a different dielectric material 122, and the refractive index of the dielectric material 122 in the plurality of second through holes 121 to electromagnetic waves presents a trend of being small in the middle and large on both sides along the X direction. Exemplarily, along the X direction, each second through hole 121 is filled with a different dielectric material 122, and along the X direction, the refractive index of the dielectric material 122 filled in each second through hole 121 presents a trend of being small in the middle and large on both sides, so that the refractive index of the diverging layer 120 as a whole to electromagnetic waves presents a trend of being low in the middle and high on both sides along the X direction, thereby achieving the divergence of electromagnetic waves. Exemplarily, iodine crystal, copper oxide, crystal, quartz, polystyrene, sodium chloride, glass, air, glass, sodium chloride, polystyrene, quartz, crystal, copper oxide, and iodine crystal are filled in sequence along the X direction. As shown in FIG. Figure 9As shown, the shadows in the second through hole 121 represent the dielectric material 122 filled therein, and a greater density of the shadows indicates a greater refractive index of the dielectric material 122 .

[0070] It should be noted that in the above embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the first through hole and the second through hole is not limited. The areas of the cross sections of the through holes cut at any cross section perpendicular to the Z direction may be the same or different. The embodiment of the present invention does not limit this, as long as it satisfies the requirement that the electromagnetic wave diffracts after being incident on the first through hole and the second through hole. In some embodiments of the present invention, in order to facilitate the formation of the through hole, the cross-sectional shape of the first through hole and the second through hole may be a regular shape such as a circle or a square, and the areas of the cross sections of the through holes cut at any cross section perpendicular to the Z direction are the same. The aperture in this embodiment refers to the maximum value of the distance between any two points on the contour of any cross section of the through hole.

[0071] In the above embodiment, the technical solution of the present invention is described using as an example an example in which the second through holes 121 have the same aperture and are arranged equidistantly along the X direction, and the refractive index of the dielectric material filled in each second through hole 121 exhibits a trend of being smaller in the center and larger on both sides. In other embodiments of the present invention, the apertures of the second through holes 121 along the X direction may also be unequal, for example, exhibiting a trend of being larger in the center and smaller on both sides, or smaller in the center and larger on both sides, or exhibiting a trend of continuously increasing or continuously decreasing. The second through holes 121 may also be arranged unequally along the X direction, for example, exhibiting a trend of having more in the center and fewer on both sides, or fewer in the center and more on both sides, or exhibiting a trend of continuously increasing or decreasing in number. The present invention is not limited thereto. Figure 10 A cross-sectional view of another scattering film provided in an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 10 As shown, in this embodiment, along the X direction, the apertures of the plurality of second through holes 121 present a trend of changing from smaller in the middle to larger on both sides. Along the X direction, the refractive index of the dielectric material 122 filled in each second through hole 121 presents a trend of changing from smaller in the middle to larger on both sides.

[0072] In the above embodiment, the technical solution of the present invention is described by taking the aperture of the second through hole as being smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave as an example. In other embodiments of the present invention, the aperture of the second through hole may also be larger than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave. In this case, the second through hole is filled with a dielectric material that allows electromagnetic waves to pass through. In a preset direction, the refractive index of the dielectric material to the incident electromagnetic wave shows a trend of being smaller in the middle and larger on both sides. The preset direction is any direction within the surface of the conductive layer. For details, please refer to Figure 9In this case, the second through holes 121 no longer have a diffraction effect on electromagnetic waves. Along the X direction, each second through hole 121 is filled with a different dielectric material 122. In addition, along the X direction, the refractive index of the dielectric material 122 filled in each second through hole 121 shows a trend of changing from small in the middle to large on both sides. As a result, the refractive index of the scattering layer 120 as a whole in the X direction for electromagnetic waves shows a trend of changing from low in the middle to high on both sides, thereby achieving the divergence of electromagnetic waves.

[0073] Based on the above embodiments, Figures 1-4 As shown, the scattering film may further include a protective layer 130, which covers the side of the scattering layer 120 away from the conductive layer 110. The protective layer 130 has insulating and protective functions, preventing the scattering layer 120 from contacting other external electronic components during use of the scattering film and causing a short circuit, and also protecting the scattering layer 120 from damage during use. Exemplarily, the protective layer 130 is any one of a PPS (Polyphenylenesulfide) film layer, a PEN (Polyethylene naphthalate two formic acid glycolester) film layer, a polyester film layer, a polyimide film layer, a film layer formed by curing epoxy resin ink, a film layer formed by curing polyurethane ink, a film layer formed by curing modified acrylic resin, or a film layer formed by curing polyimide resin.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figures 1-4 As shown, the scattering film may further include a first protruding structure 140, which is disposed on a side of the scattering layer 120 away from the conductive layer 110. When electromagnetic waves are emitted through the first protruding structure 140, diffuse reflection occurs, causing the movement path of the electromagnetic waves, which were originally only transmitted in a direction, to change. The diffuse reflection generates transmission paths in multiple directions, further expanding the divergence range of the electromagnetic waves.

[0075] As for the material for realizing the electromagnetic wave reflection function, the present invention preferably adopts the first protrusion structure 140 made of metal. Of course, the present invention is not limited to this. Any material that can realize the electromagnetic wave reflection function can be applied to the present invention. For example, the first protrusion structure 140 made of alloy can also be used. In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first protrusion structure 140 can be a metal protrusion provided on the diffusion layer 120. The diffusion layer 120 and the first protrusion structure 140 are made of the same material as a whole, which can improve the bonding strength between the two, making the first protrusion structure 140 not easy to fall off, thereby ensuring the service life and stability of the diffusion film. Figure 3 and Figure 4In the illustrated embodiment, since the base material of the scattering layer 120 is an organic material such as polyethyleneimine or epoxy resin that is permeable to electromagnetic waves, the first protruding structures 140 and the scattering layer 120 are made of different materials.

[0076] Exemplarily, the first raised structure 140 may include multiple protrusions 141 to enhance the diffuse reflection effect. The distance between adjacent protrusions 141 is less than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave. Exemplarily, the distance between adjacent protrusions 141 is 0 μm-500 μm. Adjacent protrusions 141 may be arranged in a continuous manner or spaced apart from each other. The present invention does not impose any specific restrictions on the size of the protrusions 141. The sizes of the multiple protrusions 141 may be the same or different.

[0077] In the embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the first protrusion structure 140 can be varied according to actual needs, and can be a regular or irregular three-dimensional geometric shape, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. In some examples, the shape of the first protrusion structure 140 is one or more of a pointed corner, an inverted cone, a granular shape, a dendrite, a columnar shape, and a block shape. For example, Figures 1-4 In the example, the first protruding structure 140 has an irregular curved shape.

[0078] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the first protruding structure 140 extends into the protective layer 130, thereby improving the connection reliability between the scattering layer 120 and the protective layer 130 and preventing peeling and falling off between the protective layer 130 and the scattering layer 120. The height of the first protruding structure 140 is less than the thickness of the protective layer 130. The design ensures that the first protruding structure 140 extends into the protective layer 130 but does not extend out of the protective layer 130 to prevent the protective layer 130 from failing. It should be noted that when the first protruding structure 140 includes a plurality of protrusions 141 of different heights, the height of the first protruding structure 140 at this time refers to the highest height of all the protrusions 141. Exemplarily, the thickness of the protective layer 130 is 1μm-25μm, and the height of the first protruding structure 140 is 0.1μm-15μm.

[0079] In order to facilitate the connection of the scattering film of the present invention with other components, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, the diffuser film may further include a connecting layer 150, which is disposed overlying the second surface of the conductive layer 110. The second surface is the surface of the conductive layer 110 away from the diffuser layer 120. Exemplarily, the connecting layer 150 is an adhesive film layer. The adhesive film layer facilitates connection of the diffuser film of this embodiment to other components. Exemplarily, the adhesive film layer is made of any one of the following materials: epoxy resin, modified epoxy resin, acrylic acid, modified rubber, thermoplastic polyimide, modified thermoplastic polyimide, polyurethane, polyacrylate, and silicone.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figures 1-4 As shown, the scattering film may further include a second protruding structure 160, which is provided on the second surface of the conductive layer 110. The second protruding structure 160 extends into the connecting layer 150, thereby improving the connection reliability between the conductive layer 110 and the connecting layer 150 and preventing the connection layer 150 from peeling off from the conductive layer 110. The connecting layer 150 covers all the second protruding structures 160. Therefore, the height of the second protruding structure 160 of this embodiment is less than or equal to the thickness of the connecting layer 150. Through the above design, it is ensured that the second protruding structure 160 extends into the connecting layer 150 but does not extend out of the connecting layer 150. It should be noted that Figures 1-4 The shape of the second protruding structure 160 is merely exemplary. Due to differences in process methods and parameters, the shape of each second protruding structure 160 may be a regular or irregular three-dimensional geometric shape. For example, the shape of the second protruding structure 160 may be one or more of a pointed corner, an inverted cone, a granular shape, a dendrite, a columnar shape, and a block shape. The second protruding structure 160 in the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the shapes shown in the figure and described above. As long as the second protruding structure 160 is conducive to improving the connection stability between the connecting layer 150 and the conductive layer 110, it is within the scope of protection of the present invention. The shapes of the plurality of second protruding structures 160 may be the same or different, and the sizes of the second protruding structures 160 may also be the same or different. In other words, the shapes of the plurality of second protruding structures 160 may be one or more of a pointed corner, an inverted cone, a granular shape, a dendrite, a columnar shape, and a block shape, and the sizes of the plurality of second protruding structures 160 of the same shape may not be exactly the same. In addition, multiple second protrusion structures 160 are distributed continuously or discontinuously on the side of the conductive layer 110 close to the connecting layer 150. For example, when the multiple second protrusion structures 160 are pointed and continuously distributed, a regular, periodic tooth-like three-dimensional pattern or an irregular, disordered tooth-like three-dimensional pattern can be formed. Of course, only one of the cases is listed here, and the combinations of other shapes mentioned above are also within the scope of protection of this application, so they are not listed one by one here.

[0081] It should be noted that the plurality of second protrusion structures 160 may have different heights. In this case, the height of a second protrusion structure 160 refers to the highest height of all second protrusion structures 160. The outer surface of the connection layer 150 and the surface of the conductive layer 110 may be a flat surface or a gently undulating non-planar surface, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0082] In some embodiments of the present invention, the second protruding structures 160 are made of a conductive material to facilitate the removal of interfering charges accumulated in the conductive layer 110 during use of the scattering film, thereby preventing the accumulation of interfering charges and the formation of interference sources. For example, the conductive layer 110 and the second protruding structures 160 are integrally formed from the same material. When connected to other components, the plurality of second protruding structures 160 are squeezed, causing them to pierce the connecting layer 150 and connect to ground, thereby removing interfering charges accumulated in the conductive layer 110.

[0083] In the embodiment of the present invention, the height of the second protruding structure 160 is preferably 0.1 μm-30 μm, and the thickness of the connecting layer 150 is preferably 0.1 μm-45 μm, to ensure that the second protruding structure 160 can pierce the connecting layer 150 when the scattering film is in use, thereby ensuring that the scattering film can be grounded.

[0084] In the above embodiment, the positions of the conductive layer and the scattering layer can also be interchanged, that is, the electromagnetic wave can first pass through the conductive layer and then pass through the scattering layer; or it can first pass through the scattering layer and then pass through the conductive layer, and the technical effect of the present invention can also be achieved. The embodiment of the present invention is not limited here. Figure 11 A cross-sectional view of another scattering film provided in an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 11 As shown, this embodiment is Figure 2 The illustrated embodiment is substantially the same except that the positions of the conductive layer 110 and the scattering layer 120 are interchanged.

[0085] To accommodate a wide range of applications, the diffuser film of the present invention features a flexible, foldable, and bendable structure. Specifically, by employing flexible structures for the conductive layer 110 and diffuser layer 120, such as an FPC circuit board, and by providing a flexible connection layer 150 disposed on one surface of the conductive layer 110 and a flexible protective layer 130 disposed on one surface of the diffuser layer 120, the diffuser film of the present invention is both foldable and bendable. In actual use, the diffuser film can be bent or folded into any desired shape, such as a ring or semi-enclosed structure, including arcuate, elliptical, or stacked structures.

[0086] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, Figure 12 A cross-sectional view of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 13 A cross-sectional view of another electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 14 A cross-sectional view of another electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 15 A cross-sectional view of another electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 12-15As shown, the electronic device includes a scattering film 10 and an antenna device 20. The antenna device 20 includes an antenna circuit 21 and a substrate 22 for mounting the antenna circuit 21. The scattering film 10 includes a conductive layer 110 having a plurality of through-holes extending through the conductive layer 110, so that the refractive index of the scattering film 10 for electromagnetic waves exhibits a trend of being low in the center and high at the edges, at least in the X-direction. The scattering film 10 also includes a first protruding structure 140 and a protective layer 130 disposed on a first surface of the conductive layer 110. The first protruding structure 140 extends into the insulating layer 130. The scattering film 10 also includes a second protruding structure 160 and a connecting layer 150 disposed on a second surface of the conductive layer 110. The second protruding structure 160 extends into the connecting layer 150. The second surface is the surface opposite the first surface.

[0087] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 13 and Figure 15 As shown, the second through holes 121 are filled with a dielectric material 122 that is transmissive of electromagnetic waves. For example, each second through hole can be filled with the same dielectric material or different dielectric materials.

[0088] One surface of the substrate 22 is bonded to the connecting layer 150 of the scattering film 10, thereby connecting the antenna device 20 to the scattering film 10. By connecting the scattering film 10 to the antenna device 20, the electromagnetic wave signal emitted by the antenna circuit 21, after passing through the scattering film 10, is deflected in the X direction toward the sides with a larger refractive index, thereby achieving the function of electromagnetic wave divergence and expanding the spatial range of electromagnetic wave emission. Furthermore, after encountering the first protruding structure 140, the diverged electromagnetic wave is diffusely reflected, causing the previously directionally transmitted electromagnetic wave's motion path to change. The diffuse reflection generates multiple directional transmission paths, further expanding the electromagnetic wave's divergence range.

[0089] In the description herein, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "right," and other orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely for ease of description and simplified operation. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used solely for descriptive purposes and have no special meaning.

[0090] In this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment" or "example" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0091] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0092] The technical principles of the present invention have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. These descriptions are intended solely to illustrate the principles of the present invention and are not to be construed in any way as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art will readily conceive of other specific embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort, and such embodiments will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A scattering film, characterized in that: include: a conductive layer, wherein a first through hole is formed on the conductive layer and penetrates the conductive layer, wherein the first through hole allows electromagnetic waves to pass through, and the aperture of the first through hole is smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave so that the electromagnetic wave diffracts after passing through the first through hole; and the first through hole is a cylindrical through hole; a scattering layer disposed on the first surface of the conductive layer, the scattering layer comprising at least a structure through which the electromagnetic wave is transmissive, and a propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave is not parallel to the plane where the conductive layer is located; The scattering layer includes a substrate, and a plurality of second through holes penetrating the substrate are formed on the substrate, wherein the second through holes allow electromagnetic waves to pass through, and the aperture of the second through holes is smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves, so that the electromagnetic waves are diffracted after passing through the second through holes; Each of the first through holes corresponds to a second through hole, and the first through holes and the second through holes corresponding to the first through holes at least partially overlap in a direction perpendicular to the conductive layer.

2. The scattering film according to claim 1, wherein The number and / or aperture of the second through holes show a trend of continuous change in at least one preset direction, and the preset direction is any direction within the surface of the scattering layer.

3. The scattering film according to claim 2, characterized in that The plurality of second through holes are arranged in an array, and the apertures of the second through holes along the preset direction show a variation trend of being larger in the middle and smaller on both sides or smaller in the middle and larger on both sides, or, The plurality of second through holes are arranged in an array, and the apertures of the second through holes along the preset direction present a trend of continuous increase or continuous decrease.

4. The scattering film according to claim 2, characterized in that The plurality of second through holes are arranged in an array, and the number of the second through holes along the preset direction presents a trend of more in the middle and less on both sides or less in the middle and more on both sides, or, The plurality of second through holes are arranged in an array, and the number of the second through holes along the preset direction presents a trend of continuous increase or continuous decrease.

5. The scattering film according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The second through hole is filled with a dielectric material that is transmissive to electromagnetic waves.

6. The scattering film according to claim 5, characterized in that Along the preset direction, the refractive index of the dielectric material to the incident electromagnetic wave shows a variation trend of being smaller in the middle and larger on both sides.

7. The scattering film according to claim 1, wherein The scattering layer includes a substrate, a plurality of second through holes penetrating the substrate are opened on the substrate, and the second through holes are filled with a dielectric material that can allow electromagnetic waves to pass through. In at least one preset direction, the refractive index of the dielectric material to the incident electromagnetic wave shows a trend of being small in the middle and large on both sides. The preset direction is any direction within the surface of the scattering layer.

8. The scattering film according to claim 1, wherein The invention also includes a first protruding structure, which is arranged on a side of the scattering layer away from the conductive layer. When electromagnetic waves pass through the first protruding structure, reflection occurs.

9. The scattering film according to claim 8, characterized in that The first protrusion structure includes a plurality of protrusions, and a distance between adjacent protrusions is less than a wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

10. The scattering film according to claim 8, characterized in that The device further comprises a protective layer, which is arranged on a side of the scattering layer away from the conductive layer, and the first protruding structure extends into the protective layer.

11. The scattering film according to claim 1, wherein The conductive layer further includes a connecting layer, wherein the connecting layer is disposed on a second surface of the conductive layer, and the second surface is a surface opposite to the first surface.

12. The diffusion film according to claim 11, wherein The invention also includes a second protruding structure, wherein the second protruding structure is arranged on the second surface of the conductive layer and extends into the connecting layer.

13. An electronic device, characterized in that: The device comprises the scattering film according to any one of claims 1 to 12, and further comprises an antenna device, wherein one surface of the antenna device is connected to the scattering film.

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