A three-dimensional vibration isolation and shock isolation and anti-shock bearing with low frequency and high load capacity

Abstract

The present invention provides a three-dimensional bearing for low-frequency and high-load vibration isolation or shock isolation, which adopts a vibration isolation and shock isolation structure form with a vertically downward horizontal or a horizontally downward vertical direction in appearance, and includes: an upper structure, a lower structure, and a horizontal vibration damping element (5). The upper structure includes a built-in vertical damping element (1), a limiting element (2), and an elastic element (3). The lower structure includes an upper frame structure (4) and a lower frame structure (6). The horizontal vibration damping element (5) is arranged between the upper frame structure (4) and the lower frame structure (6), so as to form a barrier vibration isolation or shock isolation effect and a layered energy dissipation structure between the upper frame structure (4) and the lower frame structure (6). The present invention has high vibration isolation and shock isolation efficiency, a high energy dissipation mechanism, high damping characteristics, a low natural frequency, and strong engineering applicability, is convenient for replacement and maintenance, and has a high product utilization rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of public buildings and industrial buildings, and particularly to a three-dimensional vibration isolation and shock isolation anti-impact support with low frequency and high load capacity. Background Art

[0002] During earthquakes, strong impact vibrations, or in transportation, components of an item are prone to damage or destruction due to road surface bumps, impacts, and continuous vibrations. Currently, for the problem that it is difficult to effectively eliminate the combined effects of uneven road surface impacts and continuous vibrations on an item during transportation, and that the carrying instrument is prone to damage or destruction under the influence of comprehensive vibrations, the commonly used methods mainly include airbag support and wire rope fixation. However, these measures are difficult to meet the requirements of equipment vibration isolation / shock isolation design. In summary, the defects of traditional technologies mainly include the following aspects:

[0003] (1) Low damping characteristics. The vibration isolation / shock isolation technology that solely uses airbag support or wire rope fixation has low damping characteristics, making it difficult to perform targeted vibration reduction and isolation design according to the working vibration characteristics of the carrying equipment and the actual requirements of transportation. Moreover, the road surface bumps or uneven impact vibrations during transportation are difficult to be reasonably dissipated, which will increase the probability of damage to the carrying object, resulting in a high risk in item transportation.

[0004] (2) High natural frequency. The vibration isolation / shock isolation technology using airbag support or wire rope fixation can meet the requirement of carrying stability to a certain extent, but generally has a large stiffness and a high natural frequency of the system. Therefore, it is difficult to simultaneously eliminate the adverse effects of road surface bump impact vibrations and continuous vibrations, and cannot ensure the safety of transported items.

[0005] (3) Low vibration isolation / shock isolation efficiency. Traditional transportation vibration isolation / shock isolation control technologies have simple processes, cumbersome loading and unloading, and high natural frequencies and low damping characteristics. Therefore, in complex transportation road conditions, it is difficult to effectively isolate the interference of external vibration sources, dissipate the energy transmitted to the carrying object, and control the vibration of large equipment. Their comprehensive vibration isolation effect is poor, and the vibration isolation efficiency is low, making it difficult to meet the design requirements of items. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention is designed. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional support for low-frequency high-load vibration isolation or shock isolation anti-impact. By using a protective structure device with an internal damper, a horizontal vibration damping element, a limiting element, and an elastic element, it can effectively control the impact of strong earthquake vibrations or transportation-induced vibrations, reduce the vibration / shock hazards, and ensure the safety of the equipment.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional support for low-frequency high-load vibration isolation or shock isolation anti-impact. In terms of appearance, it adopts a vibration isolation and shock isolation structure form with a vertical upward and horizontal downward or horizontal upward and vertical downward direction, including:

[0008] An upper structure, a lower structure, and a horizontal vibration damping element. The upper structure includes an internal vertical damping element, a limiting element, and an elastic element. The lower structure includes an upper frame structure and a lower frame structure. The horizontal vibration damping element is arranged between the upper frame structure and the lower frame structure, so as to form a barrier vibration isolation or seismic isolation effect and a layered energy dissipation structure between the upper frame structure and the lower frame structure.

[0009] Preferably, the upper frame structure is a steel frame structure. An upper bearing plate (41) is arranged at the top of the upper frame structure, and the vertical damping element, the limiting element, and the elastic element are arranged inside.

[0010] Preferably, the vertical damping element is arranged inside the upper frame structure and serves as a first vibration isolation or seismic isolation element. The vertical damping element acts together with the limiting element and the elastic element as a high-performance damping device that provides resistance to motion and dissipates motion energy.

[0011] Preferably, the vertical damping element is one of a spring damper, a hydraulic damper, a pulse damper, a rotary damper, a viscous damper, a damping hinge, or a damping slide rail.

[0012] Preferably, the limiting element is arranged inside the upper frame structure and serves as a second vibration isolation or seismic isolation element. The limiting element acts together with the vertical damping element and the elastic element to protect the device as an upper limit limiter and a lower limit limiter element during safe transportation or storage.

[0013] Preferably, the limiting element is one of a multi-speed ratio adjustable limiter, a reset stroke limiter, a hydraulic limiter, or a pneumatic limiter.

[0014] Preferably, the elastic element is arranged inside the upper frame structure and serves as a third vibration isolation or seismic isolation element. A guiding assembly (31) is arranged around the elastic element. The elastic element acts together with the vertical damping element and the limiting element to bear and transmit vertical loads inside the upper frame structure. The elastic element is an element that mitigates and suppresses impacts caused by the road surface, and can ensure that the building structure resists medium and low-frequency vibrations and resists earthquakes.

[0015] Preferably, the elastic element is one of a leaf spring, a helical spring, a torsion bar spring, a gas spring, or a rubber spring.

[0016] Preferably, the horizontal shock damping element is arranged between the upper frame structure and the lower frame structure and serves as a fourth vibration isolation or seismic isolation element. The horizontal shock damping element enables the upper frame structure to quickly stop on the device at the stable deflection position after being vibrated, greatly absorbs the natural vibration energy of the horizontal vibration system, and achieves an efficient vibration isolation effect. The horizontal shock damping element includes an X-direction horizontal guide rail and a Y-direction horizontal guide rail that are orthogonally arranged along the diagonal of the lower frame structure, a reset spring respectively arranged parallel to the X-direction horizontal guide rail and the Y-direction horizontal guide rail, a horizontal slider arranged parallel to the X-direction horizontal guide rail and the Y-direction horizontal guide rail, and a rotary damping module respectively connected to the horizontal slider and the reset spring. The reset springs are coupled to each other.

[0017] Preferably, the lower frame structure is a steel frame with a certain thickness, and its size can be customized according to the transported product. Reserved holes are provided on the base of the lower frame structure, so as to form a stable connection with the horizontal shock damping element and the upper frame structure through the reserved holes. A transition plate is arranged between the upper frame structure and the lower frame structure.

[0018] The load range of a single three-dimensional module of this three-dimensional support is 10 kg - 50 t. Multiple support modules can be finely leveled and can bear a weight of up to hundreds of tons. After using the jack to lift the structure in place, the vibration damping support can be repaired and replaced. The maintenance, installation, and replacement of the support module are very simple.

[0019] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solutions are as follows:

[0020] (1) High vibration isolation and seismic isolation efficiency. The three-dimensional support protection structure device is divided into an upper structure and a lower structure. The upper part is composed of three parts: an internal damper (i.e., a vertical damping element), a limiting element, and an elastic element, and the lower part is a structural support. On the basis of only fixing the base in the original device, the technology of installing a horizontal shock damping element between the upper structure and the lower structure is adopted, so that this structural form can efficiently control the strong impact vibration during an earthquake and the vibration generated when a vehicle such as a transport vehicle travels at low speed or high speed during transportation, ensure the stability of the packaging box during transportation, and has the advantages of high vibration isolation efficiency and high stability.

[0021] (2) High energy consumption mechanism. The three-dimensional support protection structure can effectively solve the problem that it is difficult to effectively remove the strong impact load on the potholed road surface during the transportation of precision instruments such as optical equipment, and the transported instruments are easily damaged or destroyed under the influence of comprehensive vibration by means of an internal damper (i.e., a vertical damping element), a limiting element, an elastic element, and the technology of using a horizontal shock damping element between the upper and lower structures, greatly weakens the vibration hazard caused by strong impact, and ensures that the items are not damaged.

[0022] (3) High damping characteristics and low natural frequency. Based on the vibration isolation theory and seismic fortification requirements, this design adopts a vibration isolation / earthquake-resistant structure form with a vertical downward horizontal or upper horizontal and vertical downward direction in terms of appearance, which can effectively form a layered energy dissipation mechanism; in terms of the internal framework, elastic elements, vertical damping elements and limit elements are adopted, which can effectively form a multi-dimensional energy dissipation mechanism. The horizontal and vertical multi-dimensional vibration isolation elements used in this protection structure have a certain vertical load-bearing capacity, high damping characteristics, can absorb the strong impact vibration energy caused by road bumps, greatly weaken the vibration hazard, effectively isolate the vibration interference, and also apply limit elements to horizontally limit and protect the upper frame structure, and control it within a reasonable vibration range. Multiple protection mechanisms can reduce the overall deformation ability of the structure, can effectively achieve the overall vibration or shock control of the system, greatly improve the overall vibration isolation and earthquake isolation performance, and can control the vibration within the range of 1Hz - 10Hz. This vibration isolation device has the advantages of low natural frequency, high-efficiency vibration isolation and high safety, enabling it to meet the three-degree-of-freedom anti-vibration / earthquake requirements, greatly reducing the adverse effects of vibration / shock, and at the same time, the deformation of the shock absorber is lower than the allowable deformation to meet safety, which is beneficial to the efficient transportation of goods.

[0023] (4) Strong engineering applicability. The load range of a single three-dimensional module is 10kg - 50t, and the multi-bearing module can be finely leveled, with a load capacity of up to hundreds of tons. The maintenance, installation and replacement of the bearing module are very simple, and the component compatibility is high, which is convenient for the same-standard configuration and use of components with the same function in various projects or replacement during the operation and maintenance stage. When necessary, after using a jack to lift the structure in place, the vibration damping bearing can be repaired and replaced. The entire repair and replacement process is extremely simple and will not cause great damage to the equipment to be transported, and the product utilization rate is high.

[0024] Based on the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings, those skilled in the art will more clearly understand the above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Some specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the drawings in an exemplary but not restrictive manner. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts or components. Those skilled in the art should understand that these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. The objects and features of the present invention will become more apparent in view of the following description in conjunction with the drawings, in which:

[0026] FIG Figure 1 is a front view of a three-dimensional bearing structure for low-frequency high-load vibration isolation or earthquake isolation and impact resistance according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] FIG Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of a three-dimensional bearing structure for low-frequency high-load vibration isolation or earthquake isolation and impact resistance according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] FIGFigure 3 Detailed schematic diagram of a three - dimensional support three - dimensional structure for low - frequency and high - load vibration isolation or shock isolation and anti - impact according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Appendix Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of a horizontal vibration - damping and damping element according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specific implementation manners

[0030] The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but are not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] See Figures 1-3 , in this embodiment, a three - dimensional support for low - frequency and high - load vibration isolation or shock isolation and anti - impact adopts a vibration isolation and shock isolation structure form of vertical downward and horizontal or horizontal upward and vertical downward, including: an upper structure, a lower structure, and a horizontal vibration - damping and damping element 5. The upper structure includes an internal vertical damping element 1, a limiting element 2, and an elastic element 3. The lower structure includes an upper frame structure 4 and a lower frame structure 6. The horizontal vibration - damping and damping element 5 is arranged between the upper frame structure 4 and the lower frame structure 6, so as to effectively form a barrier vibration isolation or shock isolation effect and a layered energy - dissipation mechanism between the upper frame structure 4 and the lower frame structure 6, effectively reducing the interference of the external environmental vibration / shock on the transportation equipment, and having strong engineering applicability.

[0032] Among them, the upper frame structure 4 is a steel frame structure, and an upper bearing plate 41 is arranged at the top, which has very strong stiffness and bearing capacity. The internal vertical damping element 1, limiting element 2, and elastic element can effectively solve the problem that items are prone to damage or destruction when affected by the uneven road surface impact and continuous vibration during transportation, can meet the requirements for vertical vibration control, and have the advantage of high - efficiency vibration isolation.

[0033] Among them, the vertical damping element 1 is arranged inside the upper frame structure 4 and serves as the first vibration isolation or shock isolation element. The vertical damping element 1 is one of a spring damper, a hydraulic damper, a pulse damper, a rotary damper, a viscous damper, a damping hinge, or a damping slide rail. Of course, those skilled in the art can also select other types of dampers as the vertical damping element 1 according to the prior art. The vertical damping element 1 acts together with the limiting element 2 and the elastic element 3 as a high - performance damping device that provides resistance to motion and dissipates motion energy, and can effectively reduce the vibration influence transmitted vertically and improve the frequency response.

[0034] Among them, the limit element 2 is arranged inside the upper frame structure 4 and serves as the second vibration isolation or shock isolation element. The limit element 2 is one of a multi-speed ratio adjustable limiter, a reset stroke limiter, a hydraulic limiter or a pneumatic limiter. Of course, those skilled in the art can also select other types of limiters as the limit element 2 according to the prior art. The limit element 2 acts together with the vertical damping element 1 and the elastic element 3 to protect the upper limit limiter and the lower limit limiter elements during the safe transportation or storage of the device, and has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, small occupied space and maintenance-free.

[0035] Among them, the elastic element 3 is arranged inside the upper frame structure 4 and serves as the third vibration isolation or shock isolation element. Guide assemblies 31 are arranged around the elastic element 3. The elastic element 3 is one of a leaf spring, a helical spring, a torsion bar spring, a gas spring or a rubber spring. Of course, those skilled in the art can also select other types of springs as the elastic element 3 according to the prior art. The elastic element 3 acts together with the vertical damping element 1 and the limit element 2 to bear and transmit vertical loads inside the upper frame structure 4 and is an element that alleviates and suppresses the impact caused by the road surface, and can ensure the effect of the building structure in resisting medium and low frequency vibrations and resisting earthquakes.

[0036] The lower frame structure 6 is a steel frame with a certain thickness, and its size can be customized according to the situation of the transported product. When making the base of the lower frame structure 6, holes should be reserved to facilitate the formation of a stable connection with the horizontal vibration damping element 5 and the upper frame structure 4. The lower frame structure 6 mainly plays the role of fixing the horizontal vibration damping element and bearing the upper structure, and a transition plate 7 is arranged between the upper frame structure 4 and the lower frame structure 6.

[0037] See Figure 1 , the horizontal vibration damping element 5 is arranged between the upper frame structure 4 and the lower frame structure 6 and serves as the fourth vibration isolation or shock isolation element. The horizontal vibration damping element 5 can make the upper frame structure 4 quickly stop at the device in the stable deflection position after being subjected to vibration, and can greatly absorb the inherent vibration energy of the horizontal vibration system, so as to achieve an efficient vibration isolation effect.

[0038] See Figure 4 , the horizontal vibration damping element 5 includes an X-direction horizontal guide rail 51 and a Y-direction horizontal guide rail 52 that are orthogonally arranged along the diagonal of the lower frame structure 6, reset springs 53 that are respectively arranged parallel to the X-direction horizontal guide rail 51 and the Y-direction horizontal guide rail 52, horizontal sliders 54 that are arranged on the X-direction horizontal guide rail 51 and the Y-direction horizontal guide rail 52 in parallel, and a rotary damping module 55 that is respectively connected to the horizontal sliders 54 and the reset springs 53, and the reset springs 53 are coupled to each other.

[0039] Adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the following beneficial effects are obtained:

[0040] (1) High vibration isolation and seismic isolation efficiency. The three-dimensional support protection structure device is divided into an upper structure and a lower structure. The upper part consists of three main parts: a vertical damping element, a limiting element, and an elastic element, and the lower part is a structural support. Based on the original device only having a fixed base connection, the technology of installing a horizontal vibration damping element between the upper structure and the lower structure is adopted, enabling this structural form to effectively control the strong impact vibrations during earthquakes and the vibrations generated when vehicles such as carrier vehicles are driving at low or high speeds during transportation, ensuring the stability of the packaging box during transportation and having the advantages of high vibration isolation efficiency and high stability.

[0041] (2) High energy consumption mechanism. The three-dimensional support protection structure can effectively solve the problem that it is difficult to effectively remove the strong impact loads from potholed roads during the transportation of precision instruments such as optical equipment, and the transported instruments are prone to damage or destruction due to the combined vibration effects, by using vertical damping elements, limiting elements, elastic elements, and the technology of installing a horizontal vibration damping element between the upper and lower structures, greatly reducing the harmful effects of strong impact-induced vibrations and ensuring that the items are not damaged.

[0042] (3) High damping characteristics and low natural frequency. Based on the vibration isolation theory and seismic fortification requirements, this design adopts a vibration isolation / seismic structure form with a vertical downward-horizontal or upper-horizontal-vertical downward direction in terms of appearance, which can effectively form a layered energy consumption mechanism; in terms of the internal structure, elastic elements, damping elements, and limiting elements are used to effectively form a multi-dimensional energy consumption mechanism. The horizontal and vertical multi-dimensional vibration isolation elements used in this protection structure have a certain vertical load-bearing capacity, high damping characteristics, can absorb the strong impact vibration energy caused by road bumps, greatly reduce the harmful effects of vibrations, effectively isolate vibration interference, and also apply limiting elements to horizontally limit and protect the upper frame structure, controlling it within a reasonable vibration range. Multiple protection mechanisms can reduce the overall deformation ability of the structure, effectively achieve the overall vibration or shock control of the system, greatly improve the overall vibration isolation and seismic isolation performance, and can control the vibration within the range of 1Hz - 10Hz. This vibration isolation device has the advantages of low natural frequency, high-efficiency vibration isolation, and high safety, enabling it to meet the requirements of three-degree-of-freedom anti-vibration and seismic isolation, greatly reducing the adverse effects of vibrations or shocks, and at the same time, the deformation of the shock absorber is lower than the allowable deformation to meet safety requirements, which is beneficial to the efficient transportation of items.

[0043] (4) Strong engineering applicability. The load range of a single three-dimensional module is 10kg - 50t, and multiple support modules can be finely leveled, with a load capacity of up to hundreds of tons. The maintenance, installation, and replacement of the support modules are very simple, and the component compatibility is high, facilitating the use of the same standard configuration of components with the same functions in various projects or replacement during the operation and maintenance stage. When necessary, after using a jack to lift the structure in place, the vibration damping support can be repaired and replaced. The entire repair and replacement process is extremely simple and will not cause major damage to the equipment to be transported, with a high product utilization rate.

[0044] The above has introduced in detail the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention. Specific examples are used herein to elaborate on the principles and implementation manners of the embodiments of the present utility model. The description of the above embodiments is only applicable to helping understand the principles of the embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, those of ordinary skill in the art will have changes in the specific implementation manners and application scopes according to the embodiments of the present invention. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional bearing for low-frequency high-load vibration isolation or shock isolation and anti-shock, characterized in that Comprising: An upper structure, a lower structure, and a horizontal vibration damping element (5). The upper structure includes a built-in vertical damping element (1), a limiting element (2), an elastic element (3), and an upper frame structure (4). The lower structure includes a lower frame structure (6). The horizontal vibration damping element (5) is disposed between the upper frame structure (4) and the lower frame structure (6), thereby forming a barrier vibration isolation or seismic isolation effect and a layered energy dissipation structure between the upper frame structure (4) and the lower frame structure (6); Wherein, the vertical damping element (1) is disposed within the upper frame structure (4) and serves as a first vibration isolation or seismic isolation element. The vertical damping element (1) acts together with the limiting element (2) and the elastic element (3) as a high-performance damping device that provides resistance to motion and dissipates motion energy. The vertical damping element (1) is one of a spring damper, a hydraulic damper, a pulse damper, a rotary damper, a viscous damper, a damping hinge, or a damping slide rail; Wherein, the horizontal vibration damping element (5) is disposed between the upper frame structure (4) and the lower frame structure (6) and serves as a fourth vibration isolation or seismic isolation element. The horizontal vibration damping element (5) is a device that enables the upper frame structure (4) to quickly stop at a stable deflection position after being subjected to vibration, greatly absorbing the natural vibration energy of the horizontal vibration system and achieving an efficient vibration isolation effect. The horizontal vibration damping element (5) includes an X-direction horizontal guide rail (51) and a Y-direction horizontal guide rail (52) orthogonally disposed along the diagonal of the lower frame structure (6), a return spring (53) disposed parallel to the X-direction horizontal guide rail (51) and the Y-direction horizontal guide rail (52) respectively, a horizontal slider (54) disposed parallel to the X-direction horizontal guide rail (51) and the Y-direction horizontal guide rail (52), and a rotary damping module (55) connected to the horizontal slider (54) and the return spring (53) respectively, and the return springs (53) are coupled to each other.

2. The three-dimensional bearing for low-frequency high-load vibration isolation or shock isolation and anti-shock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper frame structure (4) is a steel frame structure, with an upper bearing plate (41) provided at the top, and the vertical damping element (1), the limiting element (2), and the elastic element are built therein.

3. The three-dimensional bearing for low-frequency high-load vibration isolation or shock isolation and anti-shock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting element (2) is disposed within the upper frame structure (4) and serves as a second vibration isolation or seismic isolation element. The limiting element (2) acts together with the vertical damping element (1) and the elastic element (3) to protect the device as an upper limit limiter and a lower limit limiter element during safe transportation or storage.

4. A three-dimensional bearing for low-frequency high-load vibration isolation or shock isolation and anti-shock according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting element (2) is one of a multi-speed ratio adjustable limiter, a reset stroke limiter, a hydraulic limiter, or a pneumatic limiter.

5. A three-dimensional bearing for low-frequency high-load vibration isolation or shock isolation and anti-shock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic element (3) is arranged inside the upper frame structure (4) and serves as a third vibration isolation or seismic isolation element. A guiding assembly (31) is arranged around the elastic element (3). The elastic element (3) acts together with the vertical damping element (1) and the limiting element (2) to bear and transfer vertical loads inside the upper frame structure (4). The elastic element (3) has elements that can mitigate and suppress the impacts caused by the road surface, ensuring that the building structure can resist medium and low-frequency vibrations and earthquakes.

6. The three-dimensional bearing for low-frequency and high-load vibration isolation or shock isolation and anti-shock according to claim 5, characterized in that: The elastic element (3) is one of a leaf spring, a helical spring, a torsion bar spring, a gas spring or a rubber spring.

7. A three-dimensional bearing for low-frequency and high-load vibration isolation or shock isolation and anti-shock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower frame structure (6) is a steel frame with a certain thickness, and its size can be customized according to the situation of the transported product. Reserved holes are arranged on the base of the lower frame structure (6), so as to form a stable connection with the horizontal vibration damping element (5) and the upper frame structure (4) through the reserved holes. A transition plate (7) is arranged between the upper frame structure (4) and the lower frame structure (6).

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