An efficient, environmentally friendly and energy-saving raw grain impurity removal device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-efficiency, environmentally friendly and energy-saving raw grain impurity removal device, which includes a feeding and winnowing system, a cylindrical screening system, a vibrating screening system, and a vertical winnowing system connected in sequence; it also includes a gravity sedimentation system and a pulse dust removal system connected in sequence; in the gravity sedimentation system, some light impurity materials and dust that cannot settle follow the return air system back to the vertical winnowing system for secondary vertical winnowing. By adopting the process of winnowing first and then cleaning, the impurity content entering the cleaning system is effectively reduced, especially the content of light and flexible impurities, which can effectively avoid the blockage of the sieve holes on the sieve surface, ensure the stability of the operation efficiency of the sieve surface, and reduce the time and frequency of personnel cleaning the sieve hole blockage. By adopting the structure and process of winnowing + cylindrical screening + vibrating screening + winnowing, the cleaning process is long and the cleaning ability is comprehensive. By adopting the structure and process of circulating winnowing + pulse dust removal, the energy consumption of directly adopting the pulse dust removal structure can be reduced under the condition of meeting the environmental protection requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a device for removing impurities from raw grains. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the content of impurities, especially organic impurities, in the raw grains entering the warehouse after mechanical harvesting is getting higher and higher. Conventional combined cleaning equipment generally cannot clean the impurities to within 1.0% required by the national standard at one time when the impurity content in the raw grains is higher than 2.5%. Usually, a combination of two devices in series is adopted.

[0003] For the combined cleaning equipment with a structure of first vibrating screening and then vertical air separation, the sieve holes of the large impurity sieve surface of the vibrating screen are easily blocked by flexible long impurities and large impurities, affecting the operation efficiency.

[0004] For the combined cleaning equipment with a structure of first air separation and screening and finally vertical air separation, the energy consumption of the dust removal and impurity removal part is high.

[0005] In addition, the existing impurity removal equipment has the following disadvantages:

[0006] 1. One device cannot clean the grains with a high impurity rate to meet the standard requirements.

[0007] 2. The sieve surface and sieve mesh are easily blocked during the cleaning of grain impurities, resulting in a reduction in the operation efficiency of the equipment.

[0008] 3. When solving the problem of adopting the front and rear air separation processes, the total air volume of the system is large and the required energy consumption is high. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of this, the present invention provides an efficient, environmentally friendly and energy-saving device for removing impurities from raw grains, which can clean the grains with a high impurity rate to meet the standard requirements through one device, and has high operation efficiency and low energy consumption of the device.

[0010] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is to adopt an efficient, environmentally friendly and energy-saving device for removing impurities from raw grains, including a feeding air separation system connected in sequence, which is used for preliminarily air separating the raw grains to remove the light impurity materials in the raw grains; a cylindrical screening system, which is used for grading the raw grains after preliminary air separation and removing the long and large impurity materials in the raw grains; a vibrating screening system, which is used for multi-stage screening of the graded raw grains to remove the long and large impurity materials and fine impurity materials in the raw grains; a vertical air separation system, which is used for vertically air separating the raw grains after multi-stage screening to remove the light impurity materials and dust in the raw grains; and further includes a gravity sedimentation system connected in sequence, which is used for gravity sedimentation of the light impurity materials and dust screened out by the vertical air separation system and the light impurity materials screened out by the feeding separation system; a pulse dust removal system, which is used for filtering and sedimentation of the light impurity materials and dust that cannot be sedimented in the gravity sedimentation system; and a part of the light impurity materials and dust that cannot be sedimented in the gravity sedimentation system follow the return air system back to the vertical air separation system for secondary vertical air separation.

[0011] As an improvement, the feeding air separation system includes a casing of the feeding air separation system, a material distribution mechanism and a gravity door arranged in the casing of the feeding air separation system; the gravity door includes a central shaft and a door panel that can be turned around the central shaft; a counterweight lever is arranged on the door panel, so that when the raw grain falling on the gravity door exceeds the force exerted on the door panel by the counterweight lever, the gravity door opens; it also includes an air separation channel communicated with the casing of the feeding air separation system, and the inlet of the air separation channel is arranged below the gravity door; the air separation channel is communicated with the gravity sedimentation system by a feeding suction pipe.

[0012] As a further improvement, the material distribution mechanism is in a triangular pyramid shape, and a buffer plate is inclinedly arranged between the material distribution mechanism and the gravity door.

[0013] As another further improvement, the cylindrical screening system includes a cylindrical screen arranged with the front higher than the rear; the cylindrical screen can rotate around its own axis; several kinds of specifications of annular screen meshes are arranged from the front to the rear of the cylindrical screen, and the diameters of the screen holes of the several annular screen meshes decrease from the front to the rear; the front end of the cylindrical screen is communicated with the discharge port of the feeding air separation system, and the rear end of the cylindrical screen is communicated with the impurity receiving port of the vibrating screen; the vibrating screening system is arranged below the cylindrical screening system and includes a large impurity screen surface, a fine impurity screen surface and a vibrating screen bottom plate that are inclinedly arranged from the top to the bottom with the front higher than the rear; the raw grain screened out by the annular screen mesh at the frontmost of the cylindrical screen falls onto the fine impurity screen surface through the vibrating screen feeding hopper; the raw grain screened out by the second to the last annular screen meshes of the cylindrical screen falls onto the large impurity screen surface through the material transfer channel; the cavity above the large impurity screen surface is communicated with the impurity receiving port of the vibrating screen, the cavity between the vibrating screen bottom plate and the fine impurity screen surface is communicated with the impurity receiving port of the vibrating screen, and the cavity between the large impurity screen surface and the fine impurity screen surface is communicated with the vertical air separation system.

[0014] As an improvement, three kinds of specifications of annular screen meshes are arranged from the front to the rear of the cylindrical screen, namely the first screen mesh, the second screen mesh and the third screen mesh.

[0015] As an improvement, a number of inclined material plates are arranged in the material transfer channel, so that the raw grain passing through the second screen mesh and the third screen mesh is guided to the middle front part of the large impurity screen surface.

[0016] As an improvement, the vertical air separation system includes a vertically arranged vertical air separation channel; an adjustable air plate for adjusting the cross-sectional width of the vertical air separation channel is arranged in the vertical air separation channel; the upper end of the adjustable air plate is movably connected in the vertical air separation channel, and the lower end is connected with an adjusting bolt; a grain outlet collecting hopper is arranged at the lower end of the vertical air separation channel, and the upper end is communicated with the gravity sedimentation system.

[0017] As an improvement, the gravity sedimentation system includes a gravity sedimentation chamber, in which a vertical partition is provided, and there is a gap between the partition and the bottom of the gravity sedimentation chamber; a waste discharging device is provided at the bottom of the gravity sedimentation chamber; the waste discharging device includes a waste discharging auger housing, and a waste discharging auger is provided in the waste discharging auger housing; a waste discharging gravity gate is arranged behind the waste discharging auger, and the waste discharging gravity gate is connected to the impurity receiving port of the gravity sedimentation system.

[0018] As an improvement, there are two gravity sedimentation chambers, namely a first gravity sedimentation chamber and a second gravity sedimentation chamber arranged side by side on the left and right; the first gravity sedimentation chamber and the second gravity sedimentation chamber are not communicated with each other; the first gravity sedimentation chamber is communicated with the pulse dust removal system; the return air system is connected to the second gravity sedimentation chamber and includes a return air fan, a circulating return air pipe, and a circulating air distribution device connected in sequence, and the circulating air distribution device is connected to the vertical air separation system.

[0019] As an improvement, the pulse dust removal system is a suction type pulse filter dust collector, which includes a pulse dust removal chamber, in which a vertical partition is provided, and there is a gap between the partition and the bottom of the pulse dust removal chamber; a waste discharging device is provided at the bottom of the pulse dust removal chamber; the pulse dust removal chamber is connected to the gravity sedimentation system through a suction pipe, and a suction fan is provided on the suction pipe.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. By adopting the process of air separation first and then cleaning, the impurity content entering the cleaning system is effectively reduced, especially the content of light and flexible impurities, which can effectively avoid the blockage of the sieve holes on the sieve surface, ensure the stability of the sieve surface operation efficiency, and reduce the time and frequency of personnel cleaning the sieve hole blockage.

[0022] 2. By adopting the structure and process of air separation + cylindrical screening + vibrating screening + air separation, the cleaning process is long and the cleaning ability is comprehensive, which can be applied to the cleaning of grains with a high impurity content.

[0023] 3. By adopting the structure and process of circulating air separation + pulse dust removal, under the condition of meeting the environmental protection requirements, the energy consumption of directly adopting the pulse dust removal structure can be reduced, and the volume of the impurity removal and dust removal structure can be reduced. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic sectional view of the present invention, in which the arrow indicates the material flow direction.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4Isometric view after removing the cylindrical screening system.

[0028] Figure 5 Isometric view of the cylindrical screening system.

[0029] Figure 6 Isometric view of the vibrating screening system.

[0030] Figure 7 Isometric view of the gravity sedimentation system and the pulse dust removal system.

[0031] Figure 8 Schematic structural diagram of the impurity discharging device.

[0032] Figure 9 Schematic structural diagram of the material distributing and decorating device.

[0033] Figure 10 Schematic structural diagram of the material transfer channel.

[0034] Markings in the figure:

[0035] 1 is the feeding air separation system; 2 is the cylindrical screening system; 3 is the vibrating screening system; 4 is the gravity sedimentation system; 5 is the pulse dust removal system; 6 is the traveling system; 7 is the vibrating screen impurity receiving port; 8-1 is the first gravity sedimentation system impurity receiving port; 8-2 is the second gravity sedimentation system impurity receiving port; 9 is the pulse dust removal system impurity receiving port; 10 is the grain outlet; 11 is the circulating return air duct; 12 is the circulating air equalizing device; 13 is the vertical air separation system; 14 is the return air fan.

[0036] 1-1 is the housing of the feeding air separation system; 1-2 is the material distributing mechanism; 1-3 is the buffer plate; 1-4 is the gravity door; 1-5 is the air separation channel; 1-6 is the feeding suction air duct; 1-4-1 is the central shaft; 1-4-2 is the counterweight lever; 1-4-3 is the door panel.

[0037] 2-1 is the feeding channel; 2-2 is the cylindrical framework; 2-3 is the first screen; 2-4 is the second screen; 2-5 is the third screen; 2-6 is the long (large) impurity discharge port; 2-7 is the long (large) impurity discharge channel; 2-8 is the material transfer channel; 2-9 is the cylindrical drive motor; 2-10 is the drive chain; 2-11 is the sprocket; 2-12 is the lower supporting roller for cylindrical limit; 2-13 is the upper supporting roller for cylindrical limit; 2-14 is the frame of the cylindrical screening system.

[0038] 3-1 is the vibrating screen feeding hopper; 3-2 is the top feeding port of the vibrating screen; 3-3 is the large impurity screen surface; 3-4 is the fine impurity screen surface; 3-5 is the vibrating screen bottom plate; 3-6 is the fine impurity discharge port; 3-7 is the long and large impurity feeding port; 3-8 is the large impurity discharge port; 3-9 is the mixed material discharge port.

[0039] 4-1 is the first gravity sedimentation system; 4-2 is the second gravity sedimentation system; 4-1-1 is the air inlet of the first gravity sedimentation chamber; 4-1-2 is the impurity discharge motor of the first gravity sedimentation chamber; 4-1-3 is the housing of the impurity discharge auger of the first gravity sedimentation chamber; 4-1-4 is the impurity discharge auger of the first gravity sedimentation chamber; 4-1-5 is the gravity door for impurity discharge of the first gravity sedimentation chamber; 4-1-6 is the air suction port of the feeding air separation system; 4-1-7 is the housing of the first gravity sedimentation chamber; 4-1-8 is the air outlet of the first gravity sedimentation chamber; 4-2-1 is the air inlet of the second gravity sedimentation chamber; 4-2-2 is the impurity discharge motor of the second gravity sedimentation chamber; 4-2-3 is the housing of the impurity discharge auger of the second gravity sedimentation chamber; 4-2-4 is the impurity discharge auger of the second gravity sedimentation chamber; 4-2-5 is the gravity door for impurity discharge of the second gravity sedimentation chamber; 4-2-5 is the housing of the second gravity sedimentation chamber.

[0040] 5-1 is the air suction hood; 5-2 is the air suction pipe; 5-3 is the air suction fan.

[0041] 13-1 is the housing of the vertical air separation device; 13-2 is the adjusting bolt; 13-3 is the adjustable air plate; 13-4 is the vertical air separation channel; 13-5-1 is the connection channel of the first gravity sedimentation chamber; 13-5-2 is the connection channel of the second gravity sedimentation chamber. Detailed implementation mode

[0042] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the specific implementation mode.

[0043] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention includes a feeding air separation system 1 connected in sequence, which is used for preliminary air separation of the raw grain to remove light and miscellaneous materials in the raw grain; a cylindrical screening system 2, which is used for grading the raw grain after preliminary air separation and removing large and long miscellaneous materials in the raw grain; a vibrating screening system 3, which is used for multi-stage screening of the graded raw grain to remove large and long miscellaneous materials and fine miscellaneous materials in the raw grain; a vertical air separation system 13, which is used for vertical air separation of the raw grain after multi-stage screening to remove light and miscellaneous materials and dust in the raw grain; and further includes a gravity sedimentation system 4 connected in sequence, which is used for gravity sedimentation of the light and miscellaneous materials and dust screened out by the vertical air separation system 13 and the light and miscellaneous materials screened out by the feeding separation system; a pulse dust removal system 5, which is used for filtering and sedimentation of the light and miscellaneous materials and dust that cannot be sedimented in the gravity sedimentation system 4; and some of the light and miscellaneous materials and dust that cannot be sedimented in the gravity sedimentation system 4 follow the return air system back to the vertical air separation system 13 for secondary vertical air separation.

[0044] The above structures are all installed on the traveling system 6. It can be foreseen that the traveling system 6 includes a bottom plate and rollers provided on the bottom plate.

[0045] Figure 2Shows the internal structure of the present invention and marks the movement direction of material flow.

[0046] The specific structure of the present invention is as Figures 2 to 10 shown.

[0047] The feeding and winnowing system 1 includes a feeding and winnowing system casing 1-1, a material distributing mechanism 1-2 and a gravity door 1-4 arranged in the feeding and winnowing system casing 1-1; the gravity door 1-4 includes a central shaft 1-4-1 and a door panel 1-4-3 that can be turned around the central shaft 1-4-1; a counterweight lever 1-4-2 is arranged on the door panel 1-4-3, so that when the raw grain falling on the gravity door 1-4-3 exceeds the force exerted on the door panel 1-4-3 by the counterweight lever 1-4-2, the gravity door 1-4 opens; it also includes a winnowing channel 1-5 communicated with the feeding and winnowing system casing 1-1, and the inlet of the winnowing channel 1-5 is arranged below the gravity door 1-4; the winnowing channel 1-5 is communicated with the gravity sedimentation system 4 by a feeding suction pipe 1-6.

[0048] The material distributing mechanism 1-2 is a triangular pyramid with a larger bottom and a smaller top, and a buffer plate 1-3 is inclined between the material distributing mechanism 1-2 and the gravity door 1-4.

[0049] The raw grain enters the semi-closed feeding and winnowing system 1 in a concentrated manner through an external conveying device. The concentrated raw grain flows in from directly above the material distributing mechanism 1-2 in the feeding and winnowing system casing 1-1, and through the staggered two-way multi-point diversion effect of the pyramid-shaped triangular material distributing mechanism 1-2, the material is gradually dispersed on the winnowing cross-section of the winnowing system, and through the guiding of the buffer plate 1-3, it falls layer by layer to the flip plate 1-4-3 of the gravity door 1-4.

[0050] The gravity door 1-4 is a lever device that can rotate around the central shaft 1-4-1, and the amount of rotation is adjusted by its own counterweight lever 1-4-2. When the weight of the raw grain accumulated above the gravity door 1-4 is greater than the force of the counterweight lever system, the flip plate 1-4-3 on the gravity door 1-4 opens around the central shaft 1-4-1, and the greater the weight of the grain accumulation, the larger the opening size. Due to the accumulation of grain on the gravity door 1-4, the size of the grain flow dispersed on the winnowing cross-section of the winnowing system is further widened and homogenized. Since the opening size is certain, the thickness size of the grain flow falling into the winnowing channel 1-5 at the same time is certain.

[0051] The winnowing channel 1-5 is connected with the feeding suction pipe 1-6, and the feeding suction pipe 1-6 is connected with the suction port 4-1-6 of the first gravity sedimentation chamber feeding and winnowing system. Due to the negative pressure effect of the pulse dust collector 5, the winnowing channel 1-5 is in a negative pressure suction state.

[0052] When the material forms a waterfall-like fall after passing through the gravity gate 1-4 and flows through the air separation channel 1-5, under the suction force, the light and miscellaneous materials are separated from the material flow and enter the gravity sedimentation system 4 for sedimentation, while the heavy materials enter the cylindrical screening system 2.

[0053] The cylindrical screening system 2 is arranged below the feeding air separation system 1. The cylindrical screening system 2 includes a cylindrical screen arranged with the front higher than the rear; the cylindrical screen can rotate around its own axis; several kinds of specifications of annular screen meshes are arranged from the front to the rear of the cylindrical screen, and the diameters of the screen holes of several annular screen meshes decrease from the front to the rear; the front end of the cylindrical screen is communicated with the discharge port of the feeding air separation system 1, and the rear end of the cylindrical screen is communicated with the vibrating screen impurity receiving port 3-7. In this embodiment, three kinds of specifications of annular screen meshes are arranged from the front to the rear of the cylindrical screen, namely the first screen mesh 2-3, the second screen mesh 2-4, and the third screen mesh 2-5, and the screen holes of the first screen mesh 2-3 > the screen holes of the second screen mesh 2-4 > the screen holes of the third screen mesh 2-5. Specifically, the three annular screen meshes are fixed on the cylindrical frame 2-2, and are radially limited by the grouped cylindrical limiting lower rollers 2-12 and cylindrical limiting upper rollers 2-13. The cylindrical frame 2-2 is fixedly connected with the sprocket 2-11 and is driven to rotate by the cylindrical drive motor 2-9 and the drive chain 2-10 to make a rotational motion. A feeding channel 2-1 (which is also the discharge port of the feeding air separation system 1) is arranged at the front end of the cylindrical screen, and a part of the feeding channel 2-1 enters the inside of the cylindrical frame 2-2.

[0054] The vibrating screening system 3 is arranged below the cylindrical screening system 2 and includes a large impurity screen surface 3-3, a fine impurity screen surface 3-4, and a vibrating screen bottom plate 3-5 that are inclined from the front higher than the rear to the rear lower; among them, the screen hole size of the large impurity screen surface 3-3 is larger than that of the fine impurity screen surface 3-4.

[0055] The raw grains screened out by the annular screen mesh at the very front of the cylindrical screen (the first screen mesh 2-3 in this embodiment) fall onto the fine impurity screen surface 3-4 through the vibrating screen feeding hopper 3-1; the raw grains screened out by the second to the last annular screen meshes of the cylindrical screen (the second screen mesh 2-4 and the third screen mesh 2-5 in this embodiment) fall onto the large impurity screen surface 3-3 through the material transfer channel 2-8 and the vibrating screen top feeding port 3-2; several inclined material plates are arranged in the material transfer channel 2-8, so that the raw grains passing through the second screen mesh 2-4 and the third screen mesh 2-5 are guided in the opposite direction to the middle front part of the large impurity screen surface 3-3, thereby increasing the length of the material flow on the vibrating screen surface. The cavity above the large impurity screen surface 3-3 is communicated with the vibrating screen impurity receiving port 3-7, the cavity between the vibrating screen bottom plate 3-5 and the fine impurity screen surface 3-4 is communicated with the vibrating screen impurity receiving port 3-7, and the cavity between the large impurity screen surface 3-3 and the fine impurity screen surface 3-4 is communicated with the vertical air separation system.

[0056] For the convenience of installation, each component in the cylindrical screening system 2 and the vibrating screening system 3 is arranged on the frame 2-14 of the cylindrical screening system. The vibrating screening system 3 is supported by springs and makes a reciprocating linear throwing motion in the length direction of the sieve body by a vibrating motor.

[0057] After the raw grain is cleaned by the feeding air separation system 1, it enters the feeding channel 2-1 on the cylindrical screening system 2 and then falls onto the first sieve mesh 2-3 screen surface inside the cylindrical skeleton 2-2. Since the cylindrical screening system 2 is an inclined structure, under the driving action of the cylindrical driving motor 2-9 and the transmission chain 2-10, the grain flow flows through the second sieve mesh 2-4 and the third sieve mesh 2-5 respectively from the first sieve mesh 2-3. The materials smaller than the sieve holes of the sieve mesh flow from the inside of the cylindrical sieve to the outside, and the materials that cannot pass through flow through the long and large impurity discharge port 2-6 and the long and large impurity discharge channel 2-7 to the long and large impurity feeding port 3-7 in the vibrating screening system 3.

[0058] The materials cleaned by the first sieve mesh 2-3 of the cylindrical screening system 2 enter the vibrating screen feeding hopper 3-1 through the material transfer channel 2-8 and then enter the fine impurity sieve surface 3-4.

[0059] The materials cleaned by the second sieve mesh 2-4 and the third sieve mesh 2-5 of the cylindrical screening system 2 enter the first half and the middle part of the large impurity sieve surface 3-3 through the opening of the top feeding port 3-2 of the vibrating screen from the material transfer channel 2-8. The materials entering the vibrating screening system 3 move in a parabolic straight line from the high end to the low end under the excitation force of the vibrating motor.

[0060] The materials that cannot pass through the sieve holes of the sieve plate of the large impurity sieve surface 3-3 flow from the large impurity discharge port 3-8 and the impurities entering from the medium and long (large) impurity feeding port 3-7 to the vibrating screen impurity receiving port 7 together. The materials passing through the sieve holes of the sieve plate of the large impurity sieve surface 3-3 fall onto the fine impurity sieve surface 3-4.

[0061] When the materials flow through the sieve holes of the fine impurity sieve surface 3-4, the materials that cannot pass through the sieve holes of the fine impurity sieve surface 3-4 enter the mixed material discharge port 3-9 and enter the vertical air separation device 13 inside from the end for specific gravity separation.

[0062] The materials passing through the sieve holes of the fine impurity sieve surface 3-4 fall to the fine impurity discharge port 3-6 and then enter the vibrating screen impurity receiving port 7.

[0063] The vertical air separation system 13 includes a vertically arranged vertical air separation channel 13-4; the vertical air separation channel 13-4 is surrounded by the vertical air separation device housing 13-1. An adjustable air plate 13-3 for adjusting the cross-sectional width of the vertical air separation channel 13-4 is arranged in the vertical air separation channel 13-4; the upper end of the adjustable air plate 13-3 is movably connected inside the vertical air separation channel 13-4, and the lower end is connected with an adjusting bolt 13-2; a grain outlet collecting hopper 10 is arranged at the lower end of the vertical air separation channel 13-4, and the upper end is communicated with the gravity sedimentation system 4.

[0064] The gravity sedimentation system 4 includes a gravity sedimentation chamber, in which a vertical partition is provided, and there is a gap between the partition and the bottom of the gravity sedimentation chamber; a waste discharging device is arranged at the bottom of the gravity sedimentation chamber; the waste discharging device includes a waste discharging auger housing, and a waste discharging auger is arranged in the waste discharging auger housing; a waste discharging gravity door is arranged behind the waste discharging auger, and the waste discharging gravity door is connected to the impurity receiving port of the gravity sedimentation system.

[0065] In this embodiment, there are two gravity sedimentation chambers, namely a first gravity sedimentation chamber and a second gravity sedimentation chamber arranged side by side; the first sedimentation chamber is surrounded by a first gravity sedimentation chamber housing 4-1-7, and the second gravity sedimentation chamber is surrounded by a second gravity sedimentation chamber housing 4-2-6.

[0066] The first gravity sedimentation chamber and the second gravity sedimentation chamber are not connected to each other and are independent; the first gravity sedimentation chamber is connected to the pulse dust removal system 5; the return air system is connected to the second gravity sedimentation chamber, and includes a return air fan 14, a circulating return air pipe 11, and a circulating air distribution device 12 connected in sequence, and the circulating air distribution device 12 is connected to the vertical air separation system 13. The feeding air separation system 1 is connected to the feeding air separation system air suction port 4-1-6 on the first gravity sedimentation chamber through a feeding air suction pipe 1-6.

[0067] The upper end of the vertical air separation channel 13-4 is connected to the first gravity sedimentation chamber and the second gravity sedimentation chamber respectively through a first gravity sedimentation chamber connection channel 13-5-1 and a second gravity sedimentation chamber connection channel 13-5-2. Specifically, the first gravity sedimentation chamber connection channel 13-5-1 is connected to the first gravity sedimentation chamber air inlet 4-1-1 of the first gravity sedimentation system 4-1. The second gravity sedimentation chamber connection channel 13-5-2 is connected to the second gravity sedimentation chamber air inlet 4-2-1 of the second gravity sedimentation chamber.

[0068] The pulse dust removal system 5 is a suction type pulse filter dust collector, including a pulse dust removal chamber, in which a vertical partition is provided, and there is a gap between the partition and the bottom of the pulse dust removal chamber; a waste discharging device (the structure is the same as that of the waste discharging device in the gravity sedimentation system and will not be described here again) is arranged at the bottom of the pulse dust removal chamber; the pulse dust removal chamber is connected to the gravity sedimentation system 4 through a suction pipe 5-2, and a suction fan 5-3 and a suction hood 5-1 are arranged on the suction pipe 5-2. The suction fan 5-3 makes the feeding air separation system 1 and the vertical air separation system 13 generate negative pressure so as to remove light impurity materials and dust. Finally, the dust and light impurities filtered and sedimented by the pulse dust removal system 5 are discharged from the pulse dust removal system impurity receiving port 9, and the clean gas is discharged from the exhaust port of the suction fan 5-3.

[0069] When the raw grains enter the lower part of the vertical air separation channel 13-4 of the vertical air separation device 13 from the discharge port 3-9 of the mixed materials, due to the action of negative pressure suction, the light impurities and dust are separated from the grains and enter the first gravity sedimentation system 4-1 and the second gravity sedimentation system 4-2 through the first gravity sedimentation chamber connection channel 13-5-1 and the second gravity sedimentation chamber connection channel 13-5-2 respectively.

[0070] Some of the light impurities and dust that enter the first gravity sedimentation chamber housing 4-1-7 of the first gravity sedimentation system 4-1 are sedimented on the first gravity sedimentation chamber waste discharge auger housing 4-1-3. The first gravity sedimentation chamber waste discharge motor 4-1-2 drives the first gravity sedimentation chamber waste discharge auger 4-1-4 to rotate and push the sediment towards the discharge port. Since the length of the first gravity sedimentation chamber waste discharge auger 4-1-4 is less than the length of the first gravity sedimentation chamber waste discharge auger housing 4-1-3, the sediment will accumulate at the end of the first gravity sedimentation chamber waste discharge auger 4-1-4 and the discharge end of the first gravity sedimentation chamber waste discharge auger housing 4-1-3, causing the inside and outside of the first gravity sedimentation system 4-1 to be in a partitioned state. When the sediment accumulates to a certain state, the first gravity sedimentation chamber waste discharge auger 4-1-4 pushes the sediment to open the first gravity sedimentation chamber waste discharge gravity door 4-1-5 and discharges the sediment to the first gravity sedimentation system impurity receiving port 8-1.

[0071] The light impurities and dust that cannot be sedimented in the first gravity sedimentation chamber waste discharge auger housing 4-1-3 enter the inlet of the pulse dust removal system 5 from the first gravity sedimentation chamber air outlet 4-1-8, are filtered and sedimented in the pulse dust removal system 5, and are discharged to the pulse dust removal system impurity receiving port 9 through the bottom closed auger after sedimentation.

[0072] Some of the light impurities and dust that enter the second gravity sedimentation chamber housing 4-2-3 of the second gravity sedimentation system 4-2 are sedimented on the second gravity sedimentation chamber waste discharge auger housing 4-2-4. The second gravity sedimentation chamber waste discharge motor 4-2-2 drives the second gravity sedimentation chamber waste discharge auger 4-2-4 to rotate and push the sediment towards the discharge port. Since the length of the second gravity sedimentation chamber waste discharge auger 4-2-4 is less than the length of the second gravity sedimentation chamber waste discharge auger housing 4-2-3, the sediment will accumulate at the end of the second gravity sedimentation chamber waste discharge auger 4-2-4 and the discharge end of the second gravity sedimentation chamber waste discharge auger housing 4-2-3, causing the inside and outside of the second gravity sedimentation system 4-2 to be in a partitioned state. When the sediment accumulates to a certain state, the second gravity sedimentation chamber waste discharge auger 4-2-4 pushes the sediment to open the second gravity sedimentation chamber waste discharge gravity door 4-2-5 and discharges the sediment to the second gravity sedimentation system impurity receiving port 8-2.

[0073] The light impurities and dust that cannot settle in the housing 4-2-3 of the second gravity settling chamber's impurity discharging auger enter the return air fan 14 through the air outlet of the second gravity settling chamber housing 4-2-6, and then the dust-containing and impurity-containing gas is circulated to the secondary recycling at the grain and impurity separation part below the discharge opening 3-9 of the mixed material of the vibrating screening system 3 and the vertical air separation channel 13-4 of the vertical air separation device 13 through the circulating air path composed of the circulating return air pipe 11 and the circulating air equalizing device 12.

[0074] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the above preferred embodiments should not be regarded as limitations on the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can also be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An efficient, environmentally friendly and energy-saving device for removing impurities from raw grains, characterized in that Comprising, connected in sequence: A feeding air separation system for preliminarily air separating raw grains to remove light and miscellaneous materials in the raw grains; A cylindrical sieving system for classifying the raw grains after preliminary air separation and removing large and long miscellaneous materials in the raw grains; the cylindrical sieving system includes a cylindrical sieve arranged with the front end higher than the rear end; the cylindrical sieve can rotate around its own axis; the cylindrical sieve is provided with several kinds of annular sieves with different specifications from front to back, and the diameters of the sieve holes of the several annular sieves decrease from front to back; the front end of the cylindrical sieve is communicated with the discharge port of the feeding air separation system, and the rear end of the cylindrical sieve is communicated with the impurity receiving port of the vibrating sieve; A vibrating sieving system for performing multi-stage screening on the classified raw grains to remove large and long miscellaneous materials and fine miscellaneous materials in the raw grains; the vibrating sieving system is arranged below the cylindrical sieving system and includes a large impurity sieve surface, a fine impurity sieve surface and a vibrating sieve bottom plate which are inclined from front to back and from top to bottom; the raw grains screened out by the annular sieve at the frontmost part of the cylindrical sieve fall onto the fine impurity sieve surface through the vibrating sieve feed hopper; the raw grains screened out by the second to the last annular sieves of the cylindrical sieve fall onto the large impurity sieve surface through the material transfer channel; the cavity above the large impurity sieve surface is communicated with the impurity receiving port of the vibrating sieve, the cavity between the vibrating sieve bottom plate and the fine impurity sieve surface is communicated with the impurity receiving port of the vibrating sieve, and the cavity between the large impurity sieve surface and the fine impurity sieve surface is communicated with the vertical air separation system; A vertical air separation system for vertically air separating the raw grains after multi-stage screening to remove light and miscellaneous materials and dust in the raw grains; Also comprising, connected in sequence: A gravity sedimentation system for performing gravity sedimentation on the light and miscellaneous materials and dust screened out by the vertical air separation system and the light and miscellaneous materials screened out by the feeding separation system; The gravity sedimentation system includes a gravity sedimentation chamber, and there are two gravity sedimentation chambers, namely a first gravity sedimentation chamber and a second gravity sedimentation chamber arranged side by side left and right; The first gravity sedimentation chamber and the second gravity sedimentation chamber are not communicated with each other; The first gravity sedimentation chamber is communicated with the pulse dust removal system; the return air system is connected to the second gravity sedimentation chamber and includes a return air fan, a circulating return air pipe and a circulating air equalizing device connected in sequence, and the circulating air equalizing device is connected to the vertical air separation system; A pulse dust removal system for filtering and sedimenting the light and miscellaneous materials and dust that cannot be sedimented in the gravity sedimentation system; Some of the light and miscellaneous materials and dust that cannot be sedimented in the gravity sedimentation system follow the return air system back to the vertical air separation system for secondary vertical air separation.

2. An original grain impurity removal device with high efficiency, environmental protection and energy saving according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding air separation system includes a feeding air separation system housing and a material distributing mechanism and a gravity door arranged in the feeding air separation system housing; the gravity door includes a central shaft and a door panel that can rotate around the central shaft; a counterweight lever is arranged on the door panel so that the gravity door opens when the raw grains falling on the gravity door exceed the force exerted on the door panel by the counterweight lever; it also includes an air separation channel communicated with the feeding air separation system housing, and the inlet of the air separation channel is arranged below the gravity door; the air separation channel is communicated with the gravity sedimentation system by using a feeding suction pipe.

3. An original grain impurity removal device with high efficiency, environmental protection and energy saving according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material distributing mechanism is in a triangular pyramid shape, and a buffer plate is inclined between the material distributing mechanism and the gravity door.

4. An apparatus for removing impurities from raw grains, which is highly efficient, environmentally friendly and energy-saving, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The cylindrical sieve is provided with three types of annular sieves from front to back, namely the first sieve, the second sieve, and the third sieve.

5. An original grain impurity removal device with high efficiency, environmental protection and energy conservation according to claim 4, characterized in that: A number of inclined material plates are arranged in the material transfer channel, so that the raw grains passing through the second sieve and the third sieve are guided to the middle front part of the large impurity sieve surface.

6. An original grain impurity removal device with high efficiency, environmental protection and energy saving according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical air separation system includes a vertically arranged vertical air separation channel; an adjustable air plate for adjusting the cross-sectional width of the vertical air separation channel is arranged in the vertical air separation channel; the upper end of the adjustable air plate is movably connected in the vertical air separation channel, and the lower end is connected with an adjusting bolt; a grain outlet collecting hopper is arranged at the lower end of the vertical air separation channel, and the upper end is communicated with the gravity sedimentation system.

7. An original grain impurity removal device with high efficiency, environmental protection and energy saving according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vertical partition is arranged in the gravity sedimentation chamber, and there is a gap between the partition and the bottom of the gravity sedimentation chamber; a waste discharging device is arranged at the bottom of the gravity sedimentation chamber; the waste discharging device includes a waste discharging auger housing, and a waste discharging auger is arranged in the waste discharging auger housing; a waste discharging gravity door is arranged behind the waste discharging auger, and the waste discharging gravity door is connected to the impurity receiving port of the gravity sedimentation system.

8. An original grain impurity removal device with high efficiency, environmental protection and energy saving according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulse dust removal system is an inhalation type pulse filter dust collector, including a pulse dust removal chamber; a vertical partition is arranged in the pulse dust removal chamber, and there is a gap between the partition and the bottom of the pulse dust removal chamber; a waste discharging device is arranged at the bottom of the pulse dust removal chamber; the pulse dust removal chamber is connected to the gravity sedimentation system through an air suction pipe, and an air suction fan is arranged on the air suction pipe.

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