Differential with electronic differential lock

Abstract

The differential with an electronic differential lock mechanism of the present invention comprises a differential housing, a differential cover, a half-shaft gear I, a half-shaft gear II, a planetary gear shaft, two planetary gears and an electronic lock mechanism, wherein the electronic lock mechanism comprises a locking dog tooth ring, an ejector pin, an electromagnet, a drive plate and a wave spring, wherein the locking dog tooth ring is sleeved outside the shaft shoulder of the half-shaft gear I, the wave spring is arranged in the locking dog tooth ring and sleeved on the shaft shoulder surface outside the tooth groove of the half-shaft gear I, one end of the ejector pin abuts against the end face of the locking dog tooth ring, and the other end of the ejector pin extends outwardly through the outside of the differential housing and extends to the inclined groove of the drive plate, the drive plate is sleeved outside the differential housing on the side where the half-shaft gear I is located, and the electromagnet is against the outer end face of the drive plate and is positioned on the main reducer housing. The electromagnet in the electromagnet absorbs and releases the drive plate, and relative rotation is generated between the drive plate and the differential housing to realize the locking function. The present invention has a simple structure, reliable performance, small size and flexible layout.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a differential device of an automobile, in particular to a differential with an electronic differential lock mechanism. Background Art

[0002] Differentials are used in various vehicles to ensure vehicle stability during steering. When driving on relatively good roads, the performance of the differential can meet the normal driving of the car. When the car is driving on bad road conditions, for example, when one of the wheels is stuck in the mud, although the wheel on the other side is on a flat road, it cannot move forward because the wheel stuck in the mud slips. Even if the throttle is increased, it will be useless and will only increase tire wear. For this reason, the industry has invented a differential with a locking mechanism. The existing differential with a locking mechanism usually has a more complex overall structure and a higher cost. It cannot be widely used in all cars. In addition, the reliability and layout flexibility of the electronic differential lock of the existing differential need to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a differential with an electronic differential lock mechanism in view of the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, which has a simple structure, reliable performance, small size and flexible layout.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned purpose is: a differential with an electronic differential lock mechanism, including a differential case, a differential cover, a half-shaft gear I, a half-shaft gear II, a planetary gear shaft, two planetary gears and an electronic locking mechanism, wherein the half-shaft gear I, the half-shaft gear II and the two planetary gears are respectively installed in the inner cavity of the case formed by the differential case and the differential cover, the planetary gear shaft passes through the differential case and the two planetary gears in sequence, and the two planetary gears are respectively meshed with the half-shaft gear I and the half-shaft gear II, the electronic locking mechanism includes a locking dog tooth ring, a thimble, an electromagnet, a drive plate, and a wave spring, the locking dog tooth ring is a circular tooth ring with uniformly arranged convex teeth on the inner surface, the shoulder connected to the bevel gear of the half-shaft gear I is a thickened shoulder, and the thickened shoulder surface of the half-shaft gear I is recessed inward to form uniformly arranged tooth grooves, and the inner surface of one end of the locking dog tooth ring is also protruding inwardly and provided with a positioning ring for positioning the wave spring, and the locking dog tooth ring The cam is sleeved on the outside of the shoulder of the axle gear I, the wave spring is arranged in the locking dog tooth ring and sleeved on the shoulder surface of the outer side of the tooth groove of the axle gear I, the ejector pins are evenly arranged on the end of the locking dog tooth ring away from the axle gear I, one end of the ejector pin is against the end face of the locking dog tooth ring, and the other end of the ejector pin extends outwardly through the outside of the differential housing and extends to the inclined groove of the drive plate, the drive plate is sleeved on the outside of the differential housing on the side where the axle gear I is located, and the inner side of the drive plate is facing the outer side of the ejector pin hole of the differential housing, and the electromagnet is close to the It is located on the outer end face of the driving plate and is positioned on the main reducer housing; when the electromagnet releases the driving plate, the driving plate and the differential housing rotate at the same speed, and the half-shaft gear I rotates; when the electromagnet attracts the driving plate, the driving plate and the differential housing rotate relative to each other, and the ejector pin slides from the deep part of the inclined groove of the driving plate to the shallow part of the inclined groove, and the ejector pin pushes the locking dog tooth ring inward to compress the wave spring, and the locking dog tooth ring moves inward, and the convex teeth on its inner surface are clamped with the tooth grooves on the shoulder surface of the half-shaft gear I, and the half-shaft gear I is locked.

[0005] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the thickened shoulder of the half-shaft gear I is divided into two sections, the shoulder immediately adjacent to the bevel gear is the first shoulder, a second shoulder is connected to the outside of the first shoulder, the diameter of the second shoulder is smaller than the diameter of the first shoulder, a step surface is formed between the first shoulder and the second shoulder, the tooth groove is arranged on the first shoulder of the half-shaft gear I, the wave spring is sleeved on the surface of the second shoulder of the half-shaft gear I, the inner side of the wave spring is against the step surface, the outer side of the wave spring is against the positioning ring of the locking dog tooth ring, and the inner diameter of the positioning ring is equal to the inner diameter of the second shoulder.

[0006] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the locking dog tooth ring is provided with at least three ejector pins at the end away from the half-shaft gear I, the intervals between adjacent ejector pins are equal, the differential housing is provided with an ejector pin hole at the corresponding position of each ejector pin, the ejector pin extends to the outside of the differential housing through the ejector pin hole at the end away from the locking dog tooth ring, and the drive plate is provided with an inclined groove at the position corresponding to each ejector pin.

[0007] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the inner end surface and the outer end surface of the driving disk are both flat planes, an arc surface is formed between the inner end surface and the center hole, and a single inclined groove is an overall V-shaped inclined groove in the circumferential direction of the driving disk.

[0008] The differential with an electronic differential lock mechanism of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention thickens the shoulder of one of the half-shaft gears, sets a tooth groove on the thickened shoulder, and sets a locking dog tooth ring that matches the tooth groove. The components inside the differential housing do not need to be greatly modified, and the size of the components is not greatly increased. The drive plate and the electromagnet are both close to the outer end surface of the differential housing. The locking and unlocking of the locking dog tooth ring and the half-shaft gear I are achieved by changing the stroke of the ejector pin. The electronic locking mechanism has a simple structure, a small volume and a small required space, which further improves its reliability and layout flexibility, so that the electronic differential lock function can be added with as little change as possible to the original structural plan and space, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing development costs.

[0009] The differential with an electronic differential lock mechanism of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an unlocked differential with an electronic differential lock mechanism of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a differential lock with an electronic differential lock mechanism of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 3 It is an exploded view of the axle gear I, wave spring, locking dog tooth ring, ejector pin, drive plate, and electromagnet;

[0013] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the axle gear Ⅰ;

[0014] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the half shaft gear Ⅰ and the locking dog tooth ring are locked;

[0015] Explanation of the accompanying numbers: 1-differential housing, 2-spring retaining ring, 3-bearing pressure plate, 4-electromagnet, 5-thrust bearing, 6-driving plate, 7-thrust pin, 8-locking dog tooth ring, 9-side shaft gear gasket, 10-wave spring, 11-side shaft gear Ⅰ, 12-roll pin, 13-planetary gear, 14-planetary shaft, 15-side shaft gear Ⅱ, 16-differential cover, 17-bevel gear, 18-first shaft shoulder, 19-tooth groove, 20-second shaft shoulder, 21-convex tooth, 22-locating ring, 23-bevel groove, 24-inner end face of driving plate, 25-arc surface, 26-outer end face of driving plate, 27-step surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the differential with an electronic differential lock mechanism of the present invention comprises a differential case 1, a differential cover 16, axle gears Ⅰ11, axle gears Ⅱ15, a planetary gear shaft 14, two planetary gears 13 and an electronic lock mechanism. The differential cover 16 and the differential case 1 are fitted with interference fit through the stopper and are pressed by tooth bolts (not shown in the figure). The axle gears Ⅰ11, axle gears Ⅱ15 and two planetary gears 13 are respectively installed in the inner cavity of the case formed by the differential case 1 and the differential cover 16. The planetary gear shaft 14 passes through the differential case 1 and the two planetary gears 13 in sequence, and the two planetary gears 13 are respectively meshed with the axle gears Ⅰ11 and the axle gears Ⅱ15. There is a washer between the side gear II 15 and the differential cover 16. The side gear II 15 is supported by the washer in the groove of the differential cover 16 and can rotate. There is a washer between the planetary gear 13 and the differential case 1. The planetary gear 13 is constrained in radial direction by the planetary shaft 14 so that the planetary gear 13 can rotate around the planetary shaft 14. The winding pin 12 limits the axial movement of the planetary shaft 14. The side gear gasket 9 is restricted by the differential case 1 and cannot rotate relatively.

[0017] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the electronic locking mechanism includes a locking dog tooth ring 8, a pin 7, an electromagnet 4, a drive plate 6, and a wave spring 10. The locking dog tooth ring 8 is a circular tooth ring with uniformly arranged convex teeth 21 on the inner surface, and the end surfaces on both sides of the locking dog tooth ring 8 are flat surfaces. The inner surface of one end of the locking dog tooth ring 8 is also protruding inwardly provided with a positioning ring 22 for positioning the wave spring 10. The shoulder to which the bevel gear 17 of the half-shaft gear Ⅰ11 is connected is a thickened shoulder, and the thickened shoulder surface of the half-shaft gear Ⅰ11 is recessed inward to form uniformly arranged tooth grooves 19. The locking dog tooth ring 8 is sleeved outside the shoulder of the half-shaft gear Ⅰ11, and the wave spring 10 is arranged in the locking dog tooth ring 8 and sleeved on the shoulder surface outside the tooth groove 19 of the half-shaft gear Ⅰ11. In this embodiment, the thickened shoulder of the side gear I11 is divided into two sections. The shoulder immediately adjacent to the bevel gear 17 is the first shoulder 18. The first shoulder 18 is also connected to the second shoulder 20. The diameter of the second shoulder 20 is smaller than that of the first shoulder 18. A step surface 27 is formed between the first shoulder 18 and the second shoulder 20. The tooth groove 19 is arranged on the first shoulder 18 of the side gear I11. The wave spring 10 is sleeved on the surface of the second shoulder 20 of the side gear I11. The inner side of the wave spring 10 abuts against the step surface 27. The outer side of the wave spring 10 abuts against the positioning ring 22 of the locking dog tooth ring 8. The inner diameter of the positioning ring 22 is equal to the outer diameter of the second shoulder 20. The wave spring 10 is located between the side gear I11 and the locking dog tooth ring 8. When the wave spring 10 is not compressed, the side gear I11 is separated from the locking dog tooth ring 8. After separation, the side gear I11 can rotate.

[0018] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the ejector pins 7 are evenly arranged at the end of the locking dog tooth ring 8 away from the side gear Ⅰ11, one end of the ejector pins 7 abuts against the end face of the locking dog tooth ring 8, and the other end of the ejector pins 7 extends outwardly through the outside of the differential case 1 and extends into the inclined groove 23 of the drive plate 6. Furthermore, at least three ejector pins 7 are provided at the end of the locking dog tooth ring 8 away from the side gear Ⅰ11, and four ejector pins 7 are provided in this embodiment, and the intervals between adjacent ejector pins 7 are equal. The differential case 1 is provided with an ejector pin hole at the corresponding position of each ejector pin 7, and the end of the ejector pin 7 away from the locking dog tooth ring 8 extends to the outside of the differential case 1 through the ejector pin hole, and the drive plate 6 is sleeved on the outside of the differential case 1 on the side where the side gear Ⅰ11 is located, and the inner side surface of the drive plate 6 faces the outer side of the ejector pin hole of the differential case 1. The drive plate 6 is provided with an inclined groove 23 at the position where each ejector pin 7 faces. The inner end surface 24 of the drive disk and the outer end surface 26 of the drive disk are both flat planes. There is an arc surface 25 between the inner end surface 24 of the drive disk and the center hole. Four inclined grooves 23 are arranged between the inner end surface 24 of the drive disk and the arc surface 25. The middle positions of the four inclined grooves 23 correspond to the positions of the four ejector holes. A single inclined groove 23 is an overall V-shaped inclined groove 23 in the circumferential direction of the drive disk 6, that is, the middle part of the inclined groove 23 is deeper and the two sides are shallower. Figure 3 as shown in .

[0019] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the electromagnet 4 is against the outer end face 26 of the drive disc and is positioned on the main reducer housing (not shown in the figure). The electromagnet 4 does not rotate. A spring retainer 2, a bearing pressure plate 3, and a thrust bearing 5 are preferably provided between the inner ring of the electromagnet 4 and the outer surface of the differential housing 1. These parts are all standard parts and will not be described in detail here. When the electromagnet 4 is powered off, the electromagnet 4 releases the driving disc 6. When the electromagnet 4 releases the driving disc 6, the driving disc 6 rotates at the same speed as the differential housing 1, and the axle gear Ⅰ11 rotates; when the electromagnet 4 is powered on, the electromagnet 4 absorbs the driving disc 6. When the electromagnet 4 absorbs the driving disc 6, the driving disc 6 and the differential housing 1 rotate relative to each other, and the ejector pin 7 slides from the deep part of the inclined groove 23 of the driving disc 6 to the shallow part of the inclined groove 23. When the outer side of the ejector pin 7 slides in the inclined groove 23, the inner side of the ejector pin 7 moves inward, and the ejector pin 7 pushes the locking dog tooth ring 8 inward to compress the wave spring 10. The locking dog tooth ring 8 moves inward, and the convex teeth 21 on the inner surface are clamped with the tooth groove 19 on the shoulder surface of the axle gear Ⅰ11, and the axle gear Ⅰ11 is locked, which will eventually limit the relative rotation between the axle gear Ⅰ11 and the differential housing 1.

[0020] When the car is running on a road with good road conditions, the electromagnet 4 of the differential is powered off, the electromagnet 4 releases the drive disc 6, the drive disc 6 rotates at the same speed as the differential case 1, and the half-shaft gear Ⅰ11 rotates. When the car is driving on a bad road, such as one of the wheels is stuck in the mud and slipping, the driver can press the "electromagnet switch", the electromagnet 4 of the differential is energized, the electromagnet 4 attracts the drive plate 6, the drive plate 6 is attracted by the electromagnet, the drive plate 6 and the differential housing 1 produce relative rotation, and the ejector pin 7 slides from the deep part of the inclined groove 23 of the drive plate 6 to the shallow part of the inclined groove 23, the ejector pin 7 pushes the locking dog tooth ring 8 inward, and the convex teeth 21 on its inner surface are clamped with the tooth groove 19 on the shoulder surface of the half-shaft gear I11, the half-shaft gear I11 is locked, and there is no relative movement in the differential housing 1, the half-shaft gear I11 and the half-shaft gear II15 are connected as a whole through the differential, the rotation speed of the wheels at both ends of the half-shaft gear I11 and the half-shaft gear II15 is equal, and the car can be driven out of the mud smoothly by increasing the throttle.

[0021] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. The structure of the present invention is not limited to the forms listed in the above embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A differential with an electronic differential lock mechanism, comprising a differential case (1), a differential cover (16), a half-shaft gear I (11), a half-shaft gear II (15), a planetary gear shaft (14), two planetary gears (13) and an electronic lock mechanism, wherein the half-shaft gear I (11), the half-shaft gear II (15) and the two planetary gears (13) are respectively mounted in an inner cavity of a case formed by the differential case (1) and the differential cover (16), the planetary gear shaft (14) passes through the differential case (1) and the two planetary gears (13) in sequence, and the two planetary gears (13) are respectively meshed with the half-shaft gear I (11) and the half-shaft gear II (15), and the invention is characterized in that: The electronic locking mechanism comprises a locking dog tooth ring (8), a pin (7), an electromagnet (4), a drive plate (6), and a wave spring (10). The locking dog tooth ring (8) is a circular tooth ring having an inner surface provided with evenly arranged convex teeth (21). The shaft shoulder to which the bevel gear (17) of the half shaft gear I (11) is connected is a thickened shaft shoulder. The thickened shaft shoulder surface of the half shaft gear I (11) is inwardly recessed to form evenly arranged tooth grooves (19). The inner surface of one end of the locking dog tooth ring (8) is also A positioning ring (22) for positioning the wave spring (10) is protruded inside, a locking dog tooth ring (8) is sleeved on the outside of the shaft shoulder of the half-shaft gear I (11), the wave spring (10) is arranged in the locking dog tooth ring (8) and sleeved on the shaft shoulder surface outside the tooth groove (19) of the half-shaft gear I (11), and the ejector pins (7) are evenly arranged at the end of the locking dog tooth ring (8) away from the half-shaft gear I (11), one end of the ejector pin (7) is against the end face of the locking dog tooth ring (8), and the other end of the ejector pin (7) extends outward. The electromagnet (4) extends out of the differential housing (1) and into the inclined groove (23) of the drive plate (6). The drive plate (6) is sleeved outside the differential housing (1) on the side where the axle gear I (11) is located, and the inner side surface of the drive plate faces the outer side of the ejector pin (7) hole of the differential housing (1). The electromagnet (4) is against the outer end surface (26) of the drive plate and is positioned on the main reducer housing. When the electromagnet (4) releases the drive plate (6), the drive plate (6) rotates at the same speed as the differential housing (1), and the axle gear I (11) rotates at the same speed. When the electromagnet (4) attracts the drive plate (6), the drive plate (6) and the differential case (1) rotate relative to each other, and the ejector pin (7) slides from the deep part of the inclined groove (23) of the drive plate (6) to the shallow part of the inclined groove (23). The ejector pin (7) pushes the locking dog tooth ring (8) inward to compress the wave spring (10). The locking dog tooth ring (8) moves inward, and the convex teeth (21) on the inner surface of the locking dog tooth ring (8) are engaged with the tooth grooves (19) on the shoulder surface of the axle shaft gear I (11), and the axle shaft gear I (11) is locked.

2. The differential with an electronic differential lock mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickened shoulder of the side gear I (11) is divided into two sections. The shoulder immediately adjacent to the bevel gear (17) is a first shoulder (18). A second shoulder (20) is connected to the outside of the first shoulder (18). The diameter of the second shoulder (20) is smaller than that of the first shoulder (18). A step surface (27) is formed between the first shoulder (18) and the second shoulder (20). The tooth groove (19) is arranged on the first shoulder (18) of the side gear I (11). The wave spring (10) is sleeved on the surface of the second shoulder (20) of the side gear I (11). The inner side of the wave spring (10) abuts against the step surface (27). The outer side of the wave spring (10) abuts against the positioning ring (22) of the locking dog tooth ring (8). The inner diameter of the positioning ring (22) is equal to the inner diameter of the second shoulder (20).

3. The differential with an electronic differential lock mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking dog tooth ring (8) is provided with at least three ejector pins (7) at one end away from the half-shaft gear I (11), and the intervals between adjacent ejector pins (7) are equal. The differential housing (1) is provided with an ejector pin (7) hole at a position corresponding to each ejector pin (7), and the ejector pin (7) at one end away from the locking dog tooth ring (8) passes through the ejector pin (7) hole and extends to the outside of the differential housing (1). The drive plate (6) is provided with an inclined groove (23) at a position corresponding to each ejector pin (7).

4. The differential with an electronic differential lock mechanism as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The inner end surface (24) and the outer end surface of the drive disk are both flat planes, and an arcuate surface (25) is provided between the inner end surface and the center hole. The single inclined groove (23) is an overall V-shaped inclined groove (23) in the circumferential direction of the drive disk (6).

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