A kind of oil drilling hole expansion structure

Abstract

The present application discloses a petroleum drilling eye-reaming structure, including a cylindrical body coaxially connected to the top of the drill pipe, the cylindrical body axis forms a first through cavity, the first through cavity axis is coaxially connected to a center tube and a piston cylinder from top to bottom, the center tube axis forms a second through cavity, a cylindrical piston is fitted in the piston cylinder, a push piston is provided at the outer side of the center tube near the bottom of the sealing sleeve, the bottom of the push piston extends to the piston cylinder, a reflux cavity is formed between the inner wall of the push piston and the outer wall of the piston cylinder, and the side wall of the piston cylinder is formed with a first reflux hole connecting its inner cavity and the reflux cavity. The advantage of the present invention is that the central fluid is redirected to realize the driving of the push piston, so as to realize the extension and retraction of the blade.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to oil drilling, and in particular to an oil drilling reaming structure. Background Art

[0002] The work of drilling holes in the ground using mechanical equipment or manpower is called drilling. It usually refers to the project of drilling wells and large-diameter water supply wells for the exploration or development of liquid and gaseous minerals such as oil and natural gas. Drilling is widely used in national economic construction. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a petroleum drilling hole expansion structure.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.

[0005] The embodiment of the present application discloses an oil drilling reaming structure, including a cylindrical body coaxially connected to the top of a drill pipe, the cylindrical body having a first through cavity formed at its axis, the first through cavity having a center tube and a piston cylinder coaxially connected thereto in sequence from top to bottom, the center tube having a second through cavity formed thereat, a cylindrical piston being fitted in the piston cylinder, a push piston being provided at a sealing sleeve near the bottom of the outer side of the center tube, the bottom of the push piston extending to the piston cylinder, a reflux cavity being formed between the inner wall of the push piston and the outer wall of the piston cylinder, a first reflux hole connecting the inner cavity thereof and the reflux cavity being formed on the side wall of the piston cylinder,

[0006] When the cylindrical piston is located at the first position, the second through cavity is connected to the first reflux hole;

[0007] When the cylindrical piston is located at the second position, the cylindrical piston blocks the first reflux hole.

[0008] The top of the push piston is provided with blade wings arranged along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical body, and a slide groove extending obliquely upward outward is formed inside the cylindrical body. The blade wings slide in the slide groove, and when the push piston moves upward, the blade wings are pushed to extend obliquely upward.

[0009] Preferably, in the above-mentioned oil drilling reaming structure, the central pipe and the piston cylinder are connected via an upper core shaft.

[0010] Preferably, in the above-mentioned oil drilling reaming structure, the outer wall of the piston cylinder seals the first through cavity below the first reflux hole.

[0011] Preferably, in the above-mentioned oil drilling reaming structure, a second retaining ring is provided between the pushing piston and the blade, and a fixed seat is provided at the bottom of the second retaining ring.

[0012] Preferably, in the above-mentioned oil drilling reaming structure, a compression spring is arranged on the top of the blade wing, and the compression spring pushes the blade wing to be retracted obliquely downward.

[0013] Preferably, in the above-mentioned oil drilling reaming structure, a third retaining ring is provided between the compression spring and the blade.

[0014] Preferably, in the above-mentioned oil drilling reaming structure, the compression spring is sleeved on the outside of the central pipe, and a spring protective tube is provided on the outside of the compression spring.

[0015] Preferably, in the above-mentioned oil drilling reaming structure, the top of the spring protective tube is fixedly mounted on the upper fixing seat by threads, the upper fixing seat is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the first through cavity, and an adjustment gap is formed between the bottom of the spring protective tube and the top of the third retaining ring.

[0016] Preferably, in the above-mentioned oil drilling eye-reaming structure, a water eye connected to the reflux chamber is formed on the side wall of the cylindrical body, and the water eye extends in the direction of action of the blade. When the pushing piston moves upward, the water eye is connected to the water eye; when the pushing piston moves downward, the pushing piston blocks the water eye.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantage of the present invention is that the central fluid is redirected to drive the push piston, so as to achieve the extension and retraction of the blade. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 The figure shows an initial schematic diagram of a petroleum drilling reaming structure in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 Shown Figure 1 Enlarged view of middle section A;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the oil drilling hole expansion structure before the falling ball is separated from the claw spring in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 Shown Figure 3 Enlarged view of middle segment B;

[0023] Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of the oil well drilling hole expansion structure after the falling ball is separated from the claw spring in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 Shown Figure 5 Enlarged view of middle segment C;

[0025] Figure 7 Shown Figure 5 Enlarged view of middle segment D;

[0026] Figure 8 Shown Figure 5 Enlarged view of middle E segment;

[0027] Fig. 9 Shown is a three-dimensional view of a cylindrical piston in a specific embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in detail in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] Combination Figure 1-9 As shown, the oil drilling reaming structure 100 is mainly realized by a flow change structure for oil drilling reaming and a blade assembly:

[0032] The flow change structure used for oil drilling expansion has the main function of changing the flow of the central fluid to drive the push piston to achieve the extension and retraction of the blade.

[0033] The flow-changing structure for expanding a well in oil drilling comprises a cylindrical body 101 coaxially connected to the top of a drill pipe, wherein the axis of the cylindrical body 101 forms a first through cavity 102, wherein a center pipe 103 and a piston cylinder 104 are coaxially connected in sequence from top to bottom in the first through cavity 102, wherein the axis of the center pipe 103 and the piston cylinder 104 respectively form a second through cavity 105 and a third through cavity 121 which are interconnected, wherein a cylindrical piston 106 is arranged in close contact and rotation in the third through cavity 121, wherein the cylindrical piston 106 A fourth through cavity 122 connected to the third through cavity 121 is formed at the axis, a reflux cavity 108 is formed between the outer wall of the piston cylinder 104 and the inner wall of the cylindrical body 101, a plurality of first reflux holes 109 connected to the reflux cavity 108 are evenly distributed along the annular direction on the inner wall of the third through cavity 121, and second reflux holes 123 corresponding to the first reflux holes 109 are distributed on the inner wall of the fourth through cavity 122. When the cylindrical piston 106 rotates, the first reflux holes 109 are connected to or not connected to the second reflux holes 123.

[0034] In this technical solution, the two reflux holes can be connected or disconnected through the movement of the cylindrical piston. When in the connected state, the fluid will rush to the reflux chamber to drive the piston on the top of the reflux chamber to push the blade wing out; when disconnected, the piston will automatically move down to retract the blade wing. This technical solution can drive the cylindrical piston to rotate when the blade wing needs to be extended, and continue to drive the cylindrical piston to rotate when it is not needed, so that the blade wing can be continuously extended and recovered, and the hole can be expanded or not expanded at different locations underground. Compared with general products that can only achieve one hole expansion + recovery action, this technical solution has obvious advantages.

[0035] Furthermore, the outer wall of the cylindrical piston 106 is annularly arranged with V-grooves 124 connected end to end, and the inner wall of the third through cavity 121 is formed with balls 125 that fit and roll on the V-grooves 124 , and the central angle formed by two adjacent second reflux holes 123 = the central angle formed by the two V-grooves 124 .

[0036] In this technical solution, during specific operation, the cylindrical piston is provided with a V-groove on the outside, and the center angle formed by the two V-grooves 124 is equal to the center angle formed by the two adjacent second reflux holes 123, that is, the cylindrical piston is driven to rotate one V-groove to connect the two reflux holes, and then rotate another V-groove to dislocate the two reflux holes and disconnect them, so as to continuously check whether there is fluid impact in the reflux chamber, that is, to extend and recycle the blade. It should be noted that this technical solution adopts a V-groove, and of course, it can also be realized by using an S-groove, and it only needs to realize that the cylindrical piston is moved vertically while rotating itself, which should belong to the scope of this application.

[0037] Furthermore, a claw spring 126 is extended and connected near the bottom of the inner wall of the fourth through cavity 122, and a falling ball 127 is received inside the claw spring 126. The falling ball 127 drives the claw spring 126 to move downward and drives the cylindrical piston 106 to move along one oblique side of the V-shaped groove 124. A second compression spring 128 is sleeved outside the claw spring 126 in the fourth through cavity 122, and the second compression spring 128 pushes the cylindrical piston 106 to return to its original position along the other oblique side of the V-shaped groove 124.

[0038] In the technical scheme, during the specific operation, the falling ball drives the rotation of the cylindrical piston. When the falling ball falls, it drives the claw spring to move downward, thereby driving the cylindrical piston to move downward and rotate at the same time, that is, move along one side of the V-groove; when the falling ball is separated from the claw spring, due to the action of the compression spring, the cylindrical piston rebounds and moves from the other side of the V-groove, that is, it rises and rotates at the same time, thereby realizing a V-groove movement, that is, a falling ball is dropped, and the cylindrical piston rotates a V-groove, that is, the two reflux holes are connected, and another falling ball is dropped, and the cylindrical piston rotates another V-groove, and the two reflux holes are misaligned and not connected. That is, the falling ball is continuously dropped to realize the connection or non-connection between the two reflux holes, thereby continuously realizing whether there is fluid impact in the reflux chamber, that is, realizing the extension and recovery of the blade. It should be noted that the falling ball is preferably used, but it is not limited to the falling ball. Of course, other falling objects, such as cylindrical objects, can also be used to drive the cylindrical piston downward, which should all fall within the scope of this application.

[0039] Furthermore, a steering bearing 129 is provided between the cylindrical piston 106 and the second compression spring 128 , and a first retaining ring 130 is provided between the steering bearing 129 and the second compression spring 128 .

[0040] In this technical solution, since the cylindrical piston needs to rotate while moving up and down, the steering bearing can ensure that its own rotation will not affect other components; since the force of the falling ball is relatively large during the falling process, the first retaining ring can protect the steering bearing from damage.

[0041] Furthermore, the claw spring 126 is closely disposed inside the first sleeve 131 , and the inner diameter of the first sleeve 131 is first flat and then gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0042] In this technical solution, during specific operation, the claw spring needs to catch the falling ball so that the falling ball drives the claw spring and the cylindrical piston to move downward, so as to realize the movement along the V-shaped groove. This is realized through the first sleeve. In the upper section of the first sleeve where the inner diameter is flat, due to the clamping effect of the first sleeve, the falling ball cannot be separated from the claw spring, so the falling ball will drive the claw spring to move downward, thereby realizing the downward movement of the cylindrical piston; when it moves to the lower part of the first sleeve, due to the increase in the inner diameter, the claw spring cannot effectively catch the falling ball, the falling ball falls off, the claw spring loses the downward force, and the second compression spring pushes the cylindrical piston upward until the cylindrical piston is against the inner wall of the piston cylinder. It should be noted that the gradually increasing inner diameter section of the first sleeve can be directly cancelled, and only the flat section needs to be retained to clamp the falling ball for a distance. If it is directly cancelled, since there is no restriction on the outer side of the claw spring, the falling ball will also fall directly, which should all fall within the scope of this application.

[0043] Furthermore, the outer wall of the first sleeve 131 is fixed to the inner wall of the spindle seat 132, the bottom of the second compression spring 128 is supported on the top of the spindle seat 132, and the outer wall of the spindle seat 132 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the second sleeve 133. The outer wall of the piston cylinder 104 is sealed to the inner wall of the second sleeve 133 below the first reflux hole 109, and the outer wall of the second sleeve 133 is sealed and fixed to the inner wall of the first through cavity 102.

[0044] In this technical solution, the piston cylinder and other internal components can be installed first through the first sleeve, and then installed uniformly in the first through cavity, which facilitates the installation of various components.

[0045] Furthermore, a fifth through cavity 134 is formed at the axis of the core shaft seat 132 , the inner diameter of the bottom of the fifth through cavity 134 is smaller than the diameter of the falling ball 127 , and a side wall hole 135 communicating with the first through cavity 102 is formed on the side wall of the fifth through cavity 134 .

[0046] In this technical solution, when the two reflux holes are connected, the fluid needs to impact into the reflux chamber, so the downward flow space of the fluid needs to be compressed. After the falling ball falls, the bottom hole is blocked, and part of the fluid flows out from the side wall hole and continues to fall into the first through cavity. Since the side wall hole is located on the side wall, the fluid is blocked to a certain extent, thereby achieving impact in the reflux chamber.

[0047] Furthermore, a pushing piston 107 is provided on the sealing sleeve near the bottom of the outer side of the central tube 103, and the bottom of the pushing piston 107 extends to the piston cylinder 104, and a reflux chamber 108 is formed between the inner wall of the pushing piston 107 and the outer wall of the piston cylinder 104. A knife wing 110 arranged along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical body 101 is provided on the top of the pushing piston 107, and a slide groove 111 extending obliquely upward outward is formed inside the cylindrical body 101. The knife wing 110 slides in the slide groove 111, and when the pushing piston 107 moves upward, the pushing knife wing 110 extends obliquely upward.

[0048] In this technical solution, the blade wing is fitted and slidably installed in the slide groove. When the piston is pushed upward, the blade wing is driven to slide obliquely upward and outward, thereby extending the blade wing and realizing the hole expansion operation.

[0049] Furthermore, the central tube 103 and the piston cylinder 104 are connected via an upper core shaft 112 .

[0050] In this technical solution, the upper core shaft is used for transition connection, which facilitates installation and can protect the piston cylinder.

[0051] Furthermore, the outer wall of the piston cylinder 104 seals the first through cavity 102 below the first reflux hole 109 .

[0052] In this technical solution, the bottom of the reflux chamber needs to be sealed, otherwise the fluid will flow downward and will not reversely impact and push the piston.

[0053] Furthermore, a second retaining ring 113 is arranged between the pushing piston 107 and the blade wing 110 , and a fixing seat 114 is arranged at the bottom of the second retaining ring 113 .

[0054] In this technical solution, installation needs are met, installation is convenient and equipment stability is improved.

[0055] Furthermore, a first compression spring 115 is provided at the top of the blade wing 110, and the first compression spring 115 pushes the blade wing 110 to be retracted obliquely downward.

[0056] In this technical solution, when the pushing piston loses power, the first compression spring compresses the blade wing downward along the slide groove and retracts it.

[0057] Furthermore, a third retaining ring 116 is provided between the first compression spring 115 and the blade wing 110 .

[0058] Furthermore, the first compression spring 115 is sleeved on the outside of the central tube 103 , and a spring protection tube 117 is provided on the outside of the first compression spring 115 .

[0059] This technical solution is used to protect the spring and prevent it from getting stuck and being damaged.

[0060] Furthermore, the top of the spring protection tube 117 is fixedly mounted on the upper fixing seat 118 by means of threads, and the upper fixing seat 118 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the first through cavity 102 . An adjustment gap 119 is formed between the bottom of the spring protection tube 117 and the top of the third retaining ring 116 .

[0061] In this technical solution, the maximum extension distance of the blade wing depends on the distance between the spring guard tube and the third retaining ring. This distance determines the maximum upward movement distance of the blade wing, that is, determines the extension distance. Therefore, the extension length of the blade wing can be adjusted by adjusting the thread distance between the spring guard tube and the upper fixed seat.

[0062] Furthermore, a water eye 120 connected to the reflux chamber 108 is formed on the side wall of the cylindrical body 101, and the water eye 120 extends in the direction of action of the blade 110. When the piston 107 is pushed upward, the water eye 120 is connected to the water eye 120; when the piston 107 is pushed downward, the piston 107 is pushed to block the water eye 120.

[0063] In this technical solution, the function of the water eye is to flush water to cool down the blade and remove chips when expanding the blade, so as to protect the blade. In addition, the fluid in the water eye comes from the reflux cavity, and the structure is compact and reasonable.

[0064] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0065] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A petroleum drilling hole expansion structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cylindrical body coaxially connected to the top of the drill pipe, wherein the axis of the cylindrical body forms a first through cavity, the axis of the first through cavity is coaxially connected to a center tube and a piston cylinder in sequence from top to bottom, the axis of the center tube and the piston cylinder respectively form a second through cavity and a third through cavity which are interconnected, a cylindrical piston is arranged in the third through cavity for rotation, the axis of the cylindrical piston forms a fourth through cavity which is connected to the third through cavity, a reflux cavity is formed between the outer wall of the piston cylinder and the inner wall of the cylindrical body, and a reflux cavity is formed in the third through cavity. A plurality of first reflux holes connected to the reflux chamber are evenly arranged along the annular direction on the wall, and second reflux holes corresponding to the first reflux holes are arranged on the inner wall of the fourth through cavity. When the cylindrical piston rotates, the first reflux holes are connected to or not connected to the second reflux holes. V-grooves connected end to end are arranged along the annular direction on the outer wall of the cylindrical piston. Balls that fit and roll on the V-grooves are formed on the inner wall of the third through cavity. The central angle formed by two adjacent second reflux holes is equal to the central angle formed by the two V-grooves. A claw spring is extended and connected to the inner wall of the cavity near the bottom, and the claw spring receives the falling ball inside. The falling ball drives the claw spring to move downward and drives the cylindrical piston to move along one oblique side of the V-shaped groove. A compression spring is sleeved on the outer side of the claw spring in the fourth through cavity, and the compression spring pushes the cylindrical piston to reset along the other oblique side of the V-shaped groove. A steering bearing is arranged between the cylindrical piston and the compression spring, and a first retaining ring is arranged between the steering bearing and the compression spring. The claw spring is fitted inside the first sleeve, and the inner diameter of the first sleeve is first flat and then gradually increases from top to bottom. The outer wall of the first sleeve is fixed to the inner wall of the mandrel seat, and the bottom of the compression spring is supported on the top of the mandrel seat. The outer wall of the mandrel seat is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the second sleeve. A pushing piston is provided at the sealing sleeve near the bottom on the outer side of the central tube, and the bottom of the pushing piston extends to the piston cylinder. The reflux chamber is formed between the inner wall of the pushing piston and the outer wall of the piston cylinder, and the first reflux hole communicates with the inner cavity of the piston cylinder and the reflux chamber. When the cylindrical piston is located at the first position, the second through cavity is connected to the first reflux hole; When the cylindrical piston is located at the second position, the cylindrical piston blocks the first reflux hole. The top of the push piston is provided with blade wings arranged along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical body, and a slide groove extending obliquely upward outward is formed inside the cylindrical body. The blade wings slide in the slide groove, and when the push piston moves upward, the blade wings are pushed to extend obliquely upward.

2. The oil drilling reamer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central tube and the piston cylinder are connected via an upper core shaft.

3. The oil drilling reamer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the piston cylinder seals the first through cavity below the first reflux hole.

4. The oil well drilling reaming structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second retaining ring is arranged between the pushing piston and the blade, and a fixing seat is arranged at the bottom of the second retaining ring.

5. The oil well drilling reaming structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A compression spring is arranged on the top of the blade wing, and the compression spring pushes the blade wing to be retracted obliquely downward.

6. The oil well drilling reaming structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A third retaining ring is arranged between the compression spring and the blade wing.

7. The oil well drilling reaming structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The compression spring is sleeved on the outside of the central tube, and a spring protection tube is arranged on the outside of the compression spring.

8. The oil well drilling reaming structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top of the spring protection tube is fixedly mounted on the upper fixing seat by means of threads, the upper fixing seat is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the first through cavity, and an adjustment gap is formed between the bottom of the spring protection tube and the top of the third retaining ring.

9. The oil well drilling reaming structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the columnar body is formed with a water hole connected to the reflux chamber, and the water hole extends in the direction of action of the blade. When the push piston moves upward, the water hole is connected to the water hole; when the push piston moves downward, the push piston blocks the water hole.

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