A track vibration energy recovery device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a track vibration energy recovery device, including: a piezoelectric power generation device, a vibration coupling mechanism, a mechanical transmission power generation device, and an energy collection and storage device. The piezoelectric power generation device is used to convert the first mechanical vibration energy into piezoelectric electric energy output through a piezoelectric material; the vibration coupling mechanism is used to conduct the remaining first mechanical vibration energy after the conversion of the piezoelectric power generation device to output; the mechanical transmission power generation device is used to convert the second mechanical vibration energy output by the vibration coupling mechanism into mechanical electric energy output; the energy collection and storage device is electrically connected to the piezoelectric power generation device and the mechanical transmission power generation device, respectively, and is used to collect and store the piezoelectric electric energy output and the mechanical electric energy output. The piezoelectric power generation device and the mechanical transmission power generation device in the present invention work in parallel, realizing the step-by-step utilization of mechanical vibration energy and the diversification of mechanical vibration energy collection methods, thereby avoiding the waste of track vibration energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit equipment, and in particular to a rail vibration energy recovery device. Background Art

[0002] Rail trains are characterized by heavy loads and high speeds. As the trains continuously roll over the rails during operation, the rails are always in a reciprocating cycle of loading and unloading. However, the rails in reality are not completely rigid. Factors such as track unevenness stimulate and induce vibrations of varying degrees in each structural layer of the rails. Most of the energy generated by these vibrations is absorbed by the rails, sleepers and roadbed, causing the energy to be wasted.

[0003] Existing rail vibration energy recovery devices, such as the railway track vibration energy collection device based on a spatial X-shaped mechanism disclosed in patent CN2020101492634, are provided with upper and lower pressure plates and two ball pairs connected between the upper and lower pressure plates. The pressure on the upper pressure plate causes the two ball pairs to drive the lower pressure plate to rotate, and the lower pressure plate then drives the rotating shaft cylinder to rotate. A transmission gear is connected to the outside of the rotating shaft cylinder, and the transmission gear is connected to the input shaft of the power generation device, so as to realize the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy. However, the device has too many overall parts, resulting in low reliability and low energy collection efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a track vibration energy recovery device with high energy collection efficiency.

[0005] According to the present invention, a rail vibration energy recovery device includes: a piezoelectric power generation device, a vibration coupling mechanism, a mechanical transmission power generation device, and an energy collection and storage device. The piezoelectric power generation device is used to convert the first mechanical vibration energy into piezoelectric electrical energy output through a piezoelectric material; the vibration coupling mechanism is used to conduct the remaining first mechanical vibration energy after the conversion of the piezoelectric power generation device to output; the mechanical transmission power generation device is used to convert the second mechanical vibration energy output by the vibration coupling mechanism into mechanical electrical energy output; the energy collection and storage device is electrically connected to the piezoelectric power generation device and the mechanical transmission power generation device, respectively, and is used to collect and store the piezoelectric electrical energy output and the mechanical electrical energy output.

[0006] The rail vibration energy recovery device according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the piezoelectric power generation device and the mechanical transmission power generation device work in parallel, realizing the step-by-step utilization of mechanical vibration energy, greatly improving the energy collection efficiency of the device, and avoiding the waste of rail vibration energy while realizing the recovery and reuse of rail vibration energy; in addition, the electric energy generated by the two power generation devices is collected and stored by an energy collection and storage device, and can be used to power electronic equipment beside the track, or to serve as an emergency backup power supply for platform public facilities, and has strong practicality.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the piezoelectric power generation device includes a first shell and a plurality of groups of piezoelectric vibrators disposed in the first shell, and the output end of the piezoelectric vibrator is electrically connected to the input end of the energy collection and storage device.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the piezoelectric vibrator is a Cymbal-type piezoelectric vibrator.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first shell is hemispherical, at least two insulating trays are provided inside the first shell along its height direction, and the piezoelectric vibrator is correspondingly mounted on the upper and lower end surfaces of each of the insulating trays.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the upper and lower end surfaces of the insulating tray are equally divided into a plurality of sector-shaped installation areas along its circumference, and the piezoelectric vibrators are installed in arrays in each of the sector-shaped installation areas.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the polarization directions of the piezoelectric vibrators on the upper end surface of the same insulating tray are the same, the polarization directions of the piezoelectric vibrators on the lower end surface of the same insulating tray are the same as the polarization directions of the piezoelectric vibrators on the upper end surface, the polarization directions of the piezoelectric vibrators adjacent to each other vertically between adjacent insulating trays are opposite, the cymbal-shaped metal caps of the piezoelectric vibrators adjacent to each other vertically between adjacent insulating trays are connected by a conductive medium, the cymbal-shaped metal caps of the piezoelectric vibrators adjacent to each other on the same end surface of each insulating tray are connected by a wire, and the piezoelectric vibrators are connected in parallel.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the upper and lower end surfaces of the first shell are both designed to be flat and are connected to the cymbal-shaped metal cap of the piezoelectric vibrator through an insulating medium.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a shock-absorbing pad is provided on the upper end surface of the first shell.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the vibration coupling mechanism includes an upper pressure plate and a lower pressure plate, and a return spring arranged between the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate, the upper pressure plate is used to support the piezoelectric generator, and the lower pressure plate is used to drive the input side of the mechanical transmission generator under the elastic force of the return spring.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the mechanical transmission power generation device includes a chimney-shaped second shell and a piston, a connecting rod, a crank arm, an eccentric shaft, a speed-increasing gearbox transmission-connected to the eccentric shaft, and a generator transmission-connected to the speed-increasing gearbox, which are arranged in the second shell. The output end of the generator is electrically connected to the input end of the energy collection and storage device, one end of the connecting rod is detachably connected to the piston, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the crank arm. The upper pressure plate, the lower pressure plate, and the return spring are all arranged in the chimney-shaped shell. The upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate are arranged vertically up and down, and the lower pressure plate is used to drive the piston to reciprocate along the height direction of the chimney-shaped shell.

[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the embodiment along the AA direction;

[0020] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a piezoelectric power generating device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a top view of an insulating tray according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Reference numerals:

[0023] Piezoelectric power generation device 100, first housing 110, insulating tray 111, conductive medium 112, shock-absorbing pad 113, piezoelectric vibrator 120;

[0024] Vibration coupling mechanism 200, upper pressing plate 210, wire hole 211, lower pressing plate 220, return spring 230;

[0025] The mechanical transmission power generation device 300 , the second housing 310 , the piston 320 , the connecting rod 330 , the crank arm 340 , the eccentric shaft 350 , the speed increasing gear box 360 , and the generator 370 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., and orientations or positional relationships indicated are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0029] refer to Figures 1 to 4 , which is a rail vibration energy recovery device according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprises: a piezoelectric power generation device 100, a vibration coupling mechanism 200, a mechanical transmission power generation device 300, and an energy collection and storage device (not shown in the drawings).

[0030] The piezoelectric power generation device 100 is provided with a piezoelectric material, and the piezoelectric material converts the first mechanical vibration energy generated when the train passes over the rails into piezoelectric electrical energy output.

[0031] The vibration coupling mechanism 200 transmits the first mechanical vibration energy remaining after the conversion by the piezoelectric power generator 100 to the input side of the mechanical transmission power generator 300 .

[0032] The mechanical transmission power generation device 300 converts the second mechanical vibration energy transmitted and output by the vibration coupling mechanism 200 into mechanical electrical energy for output.

[0033] The energy collection and storage device includes a rectifier device and an energy storage device which are electrically connected in series. The rectifier device is electrically connected to the output ends of the piezoelectric power generation device 100 and the mechanical transmission power generation device 300, respectively, and is used to rectify and filter the piezoelectric power output and the mechanical power output. The energy storage device is used to store the electric energy output by the rectifier device, so as to achieve the purpose of recycling the track vibration energy. The energy stored in the energy storage device has a wide range of uses, for example, it can be used to power electronic equipment beside the track, or to serve as an emergency backup power supply for platform public facilities.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, the piezoelectric power generation device 100 includes a first shell 110 and a plurality of piezoelectric vibrators 120 disposed in the first shell 110 . The output end of the piezoelectric vibrator 120 is electrically connected to the input end of the energy collection and storage device.

[0035] The piezoelectric ceramic in the piezoelectric vibrator 120 is deformed due to mechanical vibration, and electromotive force is generated at both ends of its polarization direction, thereby converting mechanical vibration energy into electrical energy.

[0036] The first shell 110 provides a support for the entire stack of piezoelectric vibrators 120, and also provides a constant prestress for the entire stack of piezoelectric vibrators 120, ensuring that the stack of piezoelectric vibrators 120 is always in a compressed state when vibrating. In addition, the first shell 110 can be directly attached to the contact surface of the vibration source, or the area of ​​the vibration source can be expanded through other mechanical structures.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, the piezoelectric vibrator 120 is a Cymbal-type piezoelectric vibrator. A piezoelectric vibrator of this structure can transform the small radial expansion and contraction of the piezoelectric ceramic disc into the bending deformation of the metal thin shell cavity. Under the same voltage, the same number of Cymbal-type piezoelectric vibrators can produce a larger displacement output than piezoelectric vibrators of other structures.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, the first shell 110 is a hemispherical cavity, and at least two horizontally placed insulating trays 111 are provided inside the first shell 110 along its height direction. The Cymbal-type piezoelectric vibrators are correspondingly mounted on the upper and lower end surfaces of each insulating tray 111.

[0039] In this embodiment, each cymbal-shaped piezoelectric vibrator is bonded to the insulating tray 111 with epoxy resin. The hemispherical first shell 110 is used as a carrier for the piezoelectric vibrator 120 stack. On the one hand, the receiving area of ​​the piezoelectric vibrator 120 for external vibration energy is expanded, which is conducive to capturing more vibration energy and improving the coupling degree between the piezoelectric power generation device 100 and the external vibration source; on the other hand, the hemispherical shell provides a certain prestress for the entire piezoelectric vibrator 120 stack while maintaining a high compressive strength, thereby improving the tensile strength of the entire piezoelectric power generation device 100 and ensuring that the piezoelectric vibrator 120 stack is always in a compressed state when vibrating.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the upper and lower end surfaces of the insulating tray 111 are equally divided into a plurality of sector-shaped installation areas along its circumferential direction, and the piezoelectric vibrators 120 are installed in arrays in each sector-shaped installation area.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, the polarization directions of the piezoelectric vibrators 120 on the upper end surface of the same insulating tray 111 are the same, the polarization directions of the piezoelectric vibrators 120 on the lower end surface of the same insulating tray 111 are the same as the polarization direction of the piezoelectric vibrators 120 on the upper end surface, the polarization directions of the piezoelectric vibrators 120 adjacent to each other in the upper and lower directions between adjacent insulating trays 111 are opposite, the cymbal-shaped metal caps of the piezoelectric vibrators 120 adjacent to each other in the upper and lower directions between adjacent insulating trays 111 maintain the same polarity and are connected together through the conductive medium 112, the cymbal-shaped metal caps of the adjacent piezoelectric vibrators 120 on the same end surface of each insulating tray 111 are connected together through a wire, and finally each piezoelectric vibrator 120 forms a parallel connection structure.

[0042] By pasting piezoelectric vibrators 120 with the same polarization direction on the upper and lower end surfaces of the insulating tray 111 and forming a parallel structure, when the piezoelectric vibrator 120 is bent and deformed, the upper and lower piezoelectric vibrators 120 respectively extend and shorten. Due to the same polarization direction, the electric field formed by the piezoelectric ceramics in the upper and lower piezoelectric vibrators 120 is in opposite directions. The charges on the cymbal metal caps of the upper and lower piezoelectric vibrators 120 are the same, and form an electric potential with the opposite-sign charges accumulated on the electrode of the piezoelectric vibrator 120 close to the insulating tray 111. The total output voltage of the piezoelectric power generation device 100 is the same as the voltage output by a single piezoelectric vibrator 120, and the total output power of the piezoelectric power generation device 100 is the sum of the power output by all piezoelectric vibrators 120. Through such a structural layout, it is possible to maximize the energy collection efficiency while making reasonable use of space.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, the upper and lower end surfaces of the first shell 110 are both designed to be plane and connected to the cymbal-shaped metal cap of the piezoelectric vibrator 120 through an insulating medium. The upper and lower bottom surfaces of the hemispherical shell 110 are designed to be plane, which can be close to the contact surface of the cymbal-shaped piezoelectric vibrator, thereby increasing the receiving area of ​​the cymbal-shaped piezoelectric vibrator for external vibration energy.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, a shock-absorbing pad 113 is provided on the upper end surface of the first shell 110. When a train passes by, the rail transmits mechanical vibration energy to the Cymbal-type piezoelectric vibrator through the shock-absorbing pad 113, and the cymbal-type metal cap on the upper surface of the Cymbal-type piezoelectric vibrator will produce corresponding bending vibration deformation. Due to the coupling between the cymbal-type metal cap and the piezoelectric ceramic in the Cymbal-type piezoelectric vibrator, the external vibration will be buffered and amplified and converted into radial stress of the piezoelectric vibrator 120. Under the action of the radial stress, the piezoelectric ceramic produces radial movement inside. Based on the principle of the piezoelectric effect, the alternating external vibration causes the piezoelectric ceramic to generate an alternating electric field, thereby converting the mechanical vibration energy into electrical energy. The shock-absorbing pad 113 has excellent elastic energy storage and damping dissipation effects. By setting the shock-absorbing pad 113, the vibration frequency generated when the train just passes over the piezoelectric generator 100 can be attenuated. On the one hand, the safety and reliability of the track vibration energy recovery device is improved, and on the other hand, the vibration frequency is controlled within the working response range of the Cymbal-type piezoelectric vibrator to improve the energy recovery efficiency.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, the vibration coupling mechanism 200 includes an upper pressing plate 210 and a lower pressing plate 220, and a return spring 230 disposed between the upper pressing plate 210 and the lower pressing plate 220. The upper pressing plate 210 is used to support the piezoelectric power generation device 100, and the lower pressing plate 220 is used to drive the input side of the mechanical transmission power generation device 300 under the elastic force of the return spring 230. The first mechanical vibration energy remaining after the conversion of the piezoelectric power generation device 100 is transmitted to the upper pressing plate 210, and the upper pressing plate 210 is connected to the lower pressing plate 220 through the return spring 230. When the lower pressing plate 220 is under pressure, it transmits the pressure to the input side of the mechanical transmission power generation device 300, and the mechanical transmission power generation device 300 converts the pressure into electrical energy by doing work.

[0046] A wire hole 211 is also provided on the upper pressing plate 210 , and the electric energy output by the piezoelectric power generation device 100 is led out from the wire hole 211 to the energy collection and storage device through the wire line.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 2As shown, the mechanical transmission power generation device 300 includes a chimney-shaped second shell 310 and a piston 320, a connecting rod 330, a crank arm 340, an eccentric shaft 350, a speed increasing gear box 360 transmission connected to the eccentric shaft 350, and a generator 370 transmission connected to the speed increasing gear box 360, and the output end of the generator 370 is electrically connected to the input end of the energy collection and storage device.

[0048] One end of the connecting rod 330 is connected to the piston 320 through a spline, and the other end of the connecting rod 330 is connected to the crank arm 340 through a roller bearing.

[0049] The upper pressing plate 210, the lower pressing plate 220, and the return spring 230 are all arranged in the second housing 310, and the upper pressing plate 210 and the lower pressing plate 220 are arranged vertically up and down in the second housing 310. When the upper pressing plate 210 is vibrated, the vibration is transmitted to the return spring 230, and the return spring 230 generates an elastic force and acts on the lower pressing plate 220. After the lower pressing plate 220 is compressed, the piston 320 is driven to reciprocate along the height direction of the second housing 310.

[0050] The connecting rod 330 performs horizontal rotation under the drive of the piston 320, and drives the eccentric shaft 350 connected to the crank arm 340 to rotate through the roller bearing, and the eccentric shaft 350 outputs mechanical energy outward. Since the rotation speed of the eccentric shaft 350 is relatively low, the eccentric shaft 350 is connected to the speed-increasing gearbox 360 for acceleration, and then the output shaft of the speed-increasing gearbox 360 is connected to the generator 370 through a coupling to realize the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0051] In addition, the reciprocating rotation of the crank arm 340 eliminates the inverter current generated by the generator during the return stroke of the piston 320, so that the generator 370 is always in forward rotation regardless of whether the piston 320 is in the descending or ascending stroke, thereby enhancing the safety and reliability of the mechanical transmission power generation device 300. The speed of the generator 370 is increased by the acceleration of the speed increasing gearbox 360, thereby improving the energy collection efficiency of the mechanical transmission power generation device 300.

[0052] In this embodiment, the generator 370 can preferably be a PDMC generator to improve the energy collection efficiency. The piezoelectric generator 100 and the mechanical transmission generator 300 are connected by the upper pressure plate 210, the return spring 230 and the lower pressure plate 220, so as to realize the diversification of the mechanical vibration energy collection method. In addition, the two mechanical vibration energy collection methods work in parallel, which can realize the cascade utilization of the track vibration energy and improve the energy collection efficiency.

[0053] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0054] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rail vibration energy recovery device, characterized in that: include: A piezoelectric power generation device (100), used for converting first mechanical vibration energy into piezoelectric electrical energy output through a piezoelectric material; A vibration coupling mechanism (200) for conducting and outputting the remaining first mechanical vibration energy after conversion by the piezoelectric power generation device (100); A mechanical transmission power generation device (300) for converting the second mechanical vibration energy output by the vibration coupling mechanism (200) into mechanical electrical energy output; an energy collection and storage device, which is electrically connected to the piezoelectric power generation device (100) and the mechanical transmission power generation device (300), respectively, and is used to collect and store the piezoelectric power output and the mechanical power output; The vibration coupling mechanism (200) comprises an upper pressing plate (210) and a lower pressing plate (220), and a return spring (230) arranged between the upper pressing plate (210) and the lower pressing plate (220), wherein the upper pressing plate (210) is used to support the piezoelectric power generation device (100), and the lower pressing plate (220) is used to drive the input side of the mechanical transmission power generation device (300) under the elastic force of the return spring (230).

2. The rail vibration energy recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piezoelectric power generation device (100) comprises a first shell (110) and a plurality of groups of piezoelectric vibrators (120) arranged in the first shell (110); the output end of the piezoelectric vibrator (120) is electrically connected to the input end of the energy collection and storage device.

3. The rail vibration energy recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The piezoelectric vibrator (120) is a Cymbal-type piezoelectric vibrator.

4. The rail vibration energy recovery device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The first shell (110) is hemispherical, and at least two insulating trays (111) are arranged inside the first shell (110) along its height direction. The piezoelectric vibrator (120) is correspondingly mounted on the upper and lower end surfaces of each insulating tray (111).

5. The rail vibration energy recovery device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper and lower end surfaces of the insulating tray (111) are equally divided into a plurality of fan-shaped installation areas along its circumferential direction, and the piezoelectric vibrators (120) are installed in arrays in each of the fan-shaped installation areas.

6. The rail vibration energy recovery device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The polarization directions of the piezoelectric vibrators (120) on the upper end surface of the same insulating tray (111) are the same; the polarization directions of the piezoelectric vibrators (120) on the lower end surface of the same insulating tray (111) are the same as the polarization direction of the piezoelectric vibrators (120) on the upper end surface; the polarization directions of the piezoelectric vibrators (120) adjacent to each other vertically between adjacent insulating trays (111) are opposite; the cymbal-shaped metal caps of the piezoelectric vibrators (120) adjacent to each other vertically between adjacent insulating trays (111) are connected via a conductive medium (112); the cymbal-shaped metal caps of the piezoelectric vibrators (120) adjacent to each other on the same end surface of each insulating tray (111) are connected via a wire; and the piezoelectric vibrators (120) are connected in parallel.

7. The rail vibration energy recovery device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper and lower end surfaces of the first shell (110) are both designed to be flat and are connected to the cymbal-shaped metal cap of the piezoelectric vibrator (120) through an insulating medium.

8. The rail vibration energy recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A shock-absorbing pad (113) is provided on the upper end surface of the first shell (110).

9. The rail vibration energy recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical transmission power generation device (300) comprises a chimney-shaped second housing (310), a piston (320), a connecting rod (330), a crank arm (340), an eccentric shaft (350), a speed increasing gear box (360) drivingly connected to the eccentric shaft (350), and a generator (370) drivingly connected to the speed increasing gear box (360), wherein the output end of the generator (370) is electrically connected to the input end of the energy collection and storage device. One end of the connecting rod (330) is detachably connected to the piston (320), and the other end of the connecting rod (330) is rotatably connected to the crank arm (340). The upper pressure plate (210), the lower pressure plate (220), and the return spring (230) are all arranged in the second shell (310). The upper pressure plate (210) and the lower pressure plate (220) are arranged vertically up and down, and the lower pressure plate (220) is used to drive the piston (320) to reciprocate along the height direction of the second shell (310).

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