Dry ice granulator

Abstract

The present invention discloses a dry ice granulator, belonging to the technical field of dry ice processing and manufacturing. It includes a frame, on which a compression molding device, a hydraulic station, an electric control system and a cooling system are provided. It is characterized in that the compression molding device includes a power mechanism, a working mechanism and a connecting plate. The connecting plate is arranged between the power mechanism and the working mechanism, and the power mechanism, the working mechanism and the connecting plate are detachably connected together. The power mechanism includes a piston push rod. The working mechanism includes a piston, a fixing bolt and a working chamber. The piston is threadedly connected to the front end of the piston push rod through the fixing bolt, and the piston, the fixing bolt and the piston push rod are all located in the working chamber. The working chamber is mainly composed of a condensation and exhaust part and a pressing and molding part, and the condensation and exhaust part and the pressing and molding part are respectively located in the front and rear parts of the working chamber. Compared with the prior art, it has the characteristics of improving the service life of the dry ice granulator and solving cost waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of dry ice processing and manufacturing, and particularly belongs to a dry ice granulator. Background Art

[0002] Solid carbon dioxide is commonly known as "dry ice". With the development of industry, dry ice is widely used in various fields such as food preservation, removing grease and dirt on industrial mold equipment. The manufacture of dry ice is a process in which liquid carbon dioxide is transformed into snow-like solid through a throttling expansion valve, and then the snow-like solid is extruded into shape by a compression mechanism.

[0003] For example, the existing Chinese utility model patent with the patent number CN201120236759.1 discloses a dry ice granulator, and its basic description is as follows: It includes a power component, a hydraulic control reversing component, and an extrusion component connected to the hydraulic control reversing component. The extrusion component includes an extrusion oil cylinder and an extrusion cavity; it also includes an electrical control box provided at the front end of the device. The feature is that a cavity door and a gasket are provided at the front end of the extrusion cavity; an electric contact pressure gauge is provided on the extrusion cavity, and a PLC controller is provided in the electrical control box, and the contact of the electric contact pressure gauge is connected to the PLC controller.

[0004] Based on the retrieval of the above patent and combined with the use of equipment in the prior art, it is found that the following deficiencies exist in the application of similar dry ice granulators:

[0005] ① The dry ice granulator drives the compression mechanism through a hydraulic system to perform extrusion molding work. When the dry ice granulator works for a long time and the temperature of the hydraulic oil becomes too high, the precision components in the hydraulic system are in a relatively high temperature for a long time, which will cause certain deformation. Since the materials of different components are different, their thermal expansion coefficients are also different. Different deformation amplitudes will cause the fit tolerance between components to exceed the reasonable range, which will affect the transmission accuracy of the system, resulting in the obstruction of the valve body movement and the leakage of hydraulic oil, affecting the normal operation of the dry ice granulator;

[0006] ② When the dry ice granulator feeds materials, when liquid carbon dioxide enters the dry ice granulator from the storage tank through the feed pipeline, part of the liquid carbon dioxide will condense into snow-like solid in the feed pipeline. After the dry ice granulator works for a long time, the snow-like solid in the feed pipeline accumulates and causes the feed pipeline to be blocked, affecting the normal operation of the dry ice granulator;

[0007] ③ After the dry ice granulator feeds materials, liquid carbon dioxide absorbs heat and condenses into snow-like solid in the working chamber. In this process, about 60% of the liquid carbon dioxide vaporizes into gas and is discharged from the exhaust hole, but some snow-like solid will also be discharged to the outside from the exhaust hole, resulting in a large amount of cost waste;

[0008] ④When the dry ice granulator is performing compression molding operations, the compression mechanism uses fixing bolts that connect and fix the piston to the piston rod. During long-term operation, under the influence of vibrations and other factors, these bolts are prone to loosening or even falling off. This phenomenon can cause the piston to fall off from one end of the piston rod. During the operation of the compression mechanism, the fallen piston will be impacted by the piston rod, causing extremely serious damage such as impacts and frictions to the dry ice granulator, affecting the normal operation of the dry ice granulator.

[0009] ⑤When the dry ice granulator is performing compression molding operations, the piston inside the compression mechanism moves in a reciprocating linear motion. During this process, when the piston is performing a reset motion, it often carries some snowflake-like solids in the working chamber to the end where the piston is connected to the piston rod. After long-term operation, too much ice accumulates between the piston and the piston rod due to the accumulation of snowflake-like solids, and the piston cannot be reset, affecting the normal operation of the dry ice granulator. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dry ice granulator, aiming to improve the working life of the dry ice granulator and solve the problem of cost waste.

[0011] The dry ice granulator provided by the present invention includes a frame, on which a compression molding device, a hydraulic station, an electric control system and a cooling system are arranged. It is characterized in that the compression molding device includes a power mechanism, a working mechanism and a connecting plate. The connecting plate is arranged between the power mechanism and the working mechanism, and the power mechanism, the working mechanism and the connecting plate are detachably connected together; the power mechanism includes a piston push rod; the working mechanism includes a piston, a fixing bolt and a working chamber; the piston is threadedly connected to the front end of the piston push rod through the fixing bolt, and the piston, the fixing bolt and the piston push rod are all located in the working chamber; the working chamber is mainly composed of a condensation and exhaust part and a pressing and molding part, and the condensation and exhaust part and the pressing and molding part are respectively located at the front and rear parts of the working chamber; a liquid inlet is opened between the condensation and exhaust part and the pressing and molding part of the working chamber; the electric control system includes an electric control box, an electric contact pressure gauge, a front travel switch, a rear travel switch and a solenoid valve. The electric contact pressure gauge is arranged on the working mechanism, and the front travel switch and the rear travel switch are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the power mechanism; the electric contact pressure gauge, the front travel switch, the rear travel switch and the solenoid valve are all electrically connected to the electric control box; a oil pipe is connected between the solenoid valve and the hydraulic station; the cooling system includes a heat exchange device, a liquid inlet pipe, a liquid outlet pipe, an air inlet pipe and an exhaust pipe. The liquid inlet pipe is connected to the heat source inlet of the heat exchange device; one end of the liquid outlet pipe is connected to the heat source outlet of the heat exchange device, and the other end of the liquid outlet pipe is connected to the liquid inlet of the working chamber; one end of the air inlet pipe is connected to the cold source inlet of the heat exchange device; the other end of the air inlet pipe is connected to the working mechanism, and the connection position of the air inlet pipe corresponds to the position of the condensation and exhaust part of the working chamber; one end of the exhaust pipe is connected to the cold source outlet of the heat exchange device, and the other end of the exhaust pipe passes through the fuel tank and is connected to the outside.

[0012] Further, a plurality of exhaust holes are opened on the condensation and exhaust part, a filter screen is sleeved on the outer periphery of the exhaust holes of the condensation and exhaust part, and a filter sheet is further sleeved on the outer periphery of the filter screen.

[0013] Further, the gap of the filter screen is smaller than the gap of the filter sheet, and the thickness of the filter screen is smaller than the thickness of the filter sheet.

[0014] Further, the fixing bolt includes a head and a screw rod. The outer circumferential surface of the head is a conical surface, that is, the diameter of the head away from the screw rod is smaller than the diameter of the head close to the screw rod; a slotted groove is opened on the outer circumferential surface of the head; the slotted groove is on the axial plane perpendicular to the screw rod, and the helix direction of the slotted groove is opposite to the helix direction of the screw rod.

[0015] Further, there are at least 2 slotted grooves, and the slotted grooves are evenly distributed in a ring on the outer circumferential surface of the head.

[0016] Further, an ice discharge groove penetrating its inner hole is opened on the outer side surface of the connecting plate.

[0017] Further, a controller, a display screen, a control switch and a relay are arranged in the electric control box, and the display screen, the control switch and the relay are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0018] The dry ice granulator provided by the present invention is provided with a cooling system, which is composed of two heat exchange devices connected in series. The gaseous carbon dioxide discharged after the dry ice granulator works is collected as a cold source to pre-cool the liquid carbon dioxide in the feeding pipeline, effectively reducing the probability of blockage of the feeding pipeline and improving the working life of the dry ice granulator; for the gaseous carbon dioxide after pre-cooling, the remaining cold energy can also cool the hydraulic oil in the oil tank, effectively reducing the probability of damage to the precision components in the hydraulic system caused by the high temperature of the hydraulic oil, and further improving the working life of the dry ice granulator.

[0019] The present invention is provided with a filter screen and a filter plate. The filter screen is used to filter the gaseous carbon dioxide discharged from the exhaust hole in the working chamber, avoiding the discharge of snowflake-shaped solids formed by condensation from the exhaust hole, and effectively solving the problem of cost waste; the filter plate plays a role in strengthening the filter screen, avoiding damage to the filter screen due to excessive force and affecting the normal operation of the dry ice granulator.

[0020] The present invention is provided with fixing bolts. When the dry ice granulator performs compression molding operations, the piston is pushed by the piston push rod to extrude the snowflake-shaped solid. At this time, the positive pressure F received by the piston generates a component force F acting on the inclined groove 2 , and the component forces F of multiple inclined grooves 2 form a torque, and the action of this torque causes the screw to tighten, thereby realizing the self-locking effect of the fixing bolt during the working process of the compression mechanism, effectively solving the problem that the bolts used to connect and fix the piston to the piston rod of the existing compression mechanism fall off under the action of factors such as vibration due to long-term work, and improving the working life of the dry ice granulator.

[0021] The present invention is provided with an ice accumulation discharge groove. During the operation of the dry ice granulator, the snowflake-shaped solid carried back by the piston during its reset movement can be discharged to the outside through the ice accumulation discharge groove, effectively solving the problem that the piston cannot be reset due to ice blockage, and further improving the working life of the dry ice granulator.

[0022] The above series of structures effectively improve the service life of the dry ice granulator and solve the problem of cost waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The drawings partially disclose specific embodiments of the present invention, wherein,

[0024] Figure 1 is the front view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is the A partial sectional view drawn from Figure 1 the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is the Figure 2 B partial enlarged view drawn from the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is the force analysis diagram of the fixing bolt of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is the left view of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is the right view of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is the rear view of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is the schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing bolt of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 This is the schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting plate of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0033] As Figures 1-9 shown, the dry ice granulator provided by the present invention includes a frame 1, on which a compression molding device 2, a hydraulic station 3, an electric control system 4 and a cooling system 5 are arranged. The compression molding devices 2 are symmetrically distributed above the frame 1. The compression molding device 2 includes a power mechanism 21, a working mechanism 22 and a connecting plate 23. The connecting plate 23 is arranged between the power mechanism 21 and the working mechanism 22, and the power mechanism 21, the working mechanism 22 and the connecting plate 23 are detachably connected together;

[0034] As Figure 2 shown, the power mechanism 21 includes a piston push rod 211; the working mechanism 22 includes a piston 221, a fixing bolt 222 and a working chamber 223; the piston 221 is threadedly connected to the front end of the piston push rod 211 through the fixing bolt 222, and the piston 221, the fixing bolt 222 and the piston push rod 211 are all located in the working chamber 223.

[0035] As Figure 3As shown, the fixing bolt 222 includes a head 222a and a screw rod 222b. The outer circumferential surface of the head 222a is a conical surface, that is, the diameter of the end of the head 222a away from the screw rod 222b is smaller than the diameter of the end of the head 222a close to the screw rod 222b; an inclined groove 2221 is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the head 222a; the inclined groove 2221 is on the axial plane perpendicular to the screw rod 222b, and the helix direction of the inclined groove 2221 is opposite to that of the screw rod 222b; there are at least two inclined grooves 2221, and the inclined grooves 2221 are evenly distributed in a ring on the outer circumferential surface of the head 222a; as Figure 4 As shown, when the dry ice granulator is performing compression molding operation, the piston 221 is pushed by the piston push rod 211 to extrude the snowflake-shaped solid. At this time, the positive pressure F received by the piston 221 acts on the inclined groove 2221 to generate a component force F 2 , and the component forces F 2 of multiple inclined grooves 2221 form a torque. The action of this torque causes the screw rod 222b to be screwed tightly, so as to realize the self-locking effect of the fixing bolt 222 during the working process of the compression mechanism, effectively solving the problem that the bolts used to connect and fix the piston to the piston rod of the existing compression mechanism fall off under the action of vibration and other factors during long-term work, and improving the working life of the dry ice granulator.

[0036] As Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, an ice accumulation discharge groove 231 penetrating its inner hole is formed on the outer side surface of the connecting plate 23. When the dry ice granulator is working, the snowflake-shaped solid carried back by the piston 221 during its reset movement can be discharged to the outside through the ice accumulation discharge groove 231, effectively solving the problem that the piston 221 cannot be reset due to ice blockage, and further improving the working life of the dry ice granulator.

[0037] As Figure 2 As shown, the working chamber 223 is mainly composed of a condensation and exhaust part 223a and a pressing and molding part 223b, and the condensation and exhaust part 223a and the pressing and molding part 223b are respectively located at the front and rear parts of the working chamber 223; a liquid inlet 2231 is formed between the condensation and exhaust part 223a and the pressing and molding part 223b of the working chamber 223; a number of exhaust holes are formed on the condensation and exhaust part 223a, a filter net 224 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the exhaust holes of the condensation and exhaust part 223a, and a filter sheet 225 is further sleeved on the outer periphery of the filter net 224; the gap of the filter net 224 is smaller than the gap of the filter sheet 225, and the thickness of the filter net 224 is smaller than the thickness of the filter sheet 225; the filter net 224 is used to filter the gaseous carbon dioxide discharged from the exhaust holes of the working chamber 223, avoiding the snowflake-shaped solid formed by condensation from being discharged from the exhaust holes, effectively solving the problem of cost waste; the filter sheet 225 plays a role in strengthening the filter net 224, avoiding damage to the filter net 224 due to excessive force and affecting the normal operation of the dry ice granulator.

[0038] The hydraulic station 3 includes a motor 31, a hydraulic pump 32, an oil tank 33 and a hydraulic fan 34. One end of the motor 31 is fixedly connected to the hydraulic pump 32. There is a pipeline connected between the hydraulic pump 32 and the oil tank 33. There is also a pipeline connected between the oil tank 33 and the hydraulic fan 34.

[0039] The electric control system 4 includes an electric control box 41, an electric contact pressure gauge 42, a front travel switch 43, a rear travel switch 44 and a solenoid valve 45. Inside the electric control box 41, there are a controller, a display screen, a control switch and a relay, and the display screen, the control switch and the relay are all electrically connected to the controller. The electric contact pressure gauge 42 is arranged on the working mechanism 22. The front travel switch 43 and the rear travel switch 44 are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the power mechanism 21. The electric contact pressure gauge 42, the front travel switch 43, the rear travel switch 44 and the solenoid valve 45 are all electrically connected to the controller. There are pipelines connected between the solenoid valve 45 and the hydraulic pump 32, the oil tank 33, the hydraulic fan 34 and the power mechanism 21 respectively.

[0040] The cooling system 5 includes a heat exchange device 51, a liquid inlet pipeline 52, a liquid outlet pipeline 53, an air inlet pipeline 54 and an exhaust pipeline 55. The liquid inlet pipeline 52 is connected to the heat source inlet of the heat exchange device 51. One end of the liquid outlet pipeline 53 is connected to the heat source outlet of the heat exchange device 51, and the other end of the liquid outlet pipeline 53 is connected to the liquid inlet 2231 of the working chamber 223. One end of the air inlet pipeline 54 is connected to the cold source inlet of the heat exchange device 51. The other end of the air inlet pipeline 54 is connected to the working mechanism 22, and the connection position of the air inlet pipeline 54 corresponds to the position of the condensation exhaust part 223a of the working chamber 223. One end of the exhaust pipeline 55 is connected to the cold source outlet of the heat exchange device 51, and the other end of the exhaust pipeline 55 passes through the oil tank 33 and is connected to the outside. The gaseous carbon dioxide discharged after the dry ice granulator works is collected through the air inlet pipeline 54 as a cold source to pre-cool the liquid carbon dioxide in the heat exchange device 51, effectively reducing the probability of blockage of the feed pipeline and improving the working life of the dry ice granulator. For the gaseous carbon dioxide after pre-cooling, the remaining cold energy can also cool the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 33 through the exhaust pipeline 55, effectively reducing the probability of damage to the precision components in the hydraulic system caused by the high temperature of the hydraulic oil, and further improving the working life of the dry ice granulator.

[0041] In a specific embodiment, first, one end of the liquid inlet pipe 52 is connected to the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank. Then, the time relay is adjusted through the display screen, and the liquid inlet time is set to 15 seconds. After that, the dry ice granulator is started. The liquid carbon dioxide in the liquid carbon dioxide storage tank enters the heat exchange device 51 through the liquid inlet pipe 52, and then enters the working chamber 223 from the liquid inlet 2231 through the liquid outlet pipe 53. The dry ice granulator stops liquid inlet after 15 seconds. After the liquid carbon dioxide enters the working chamber 223, a part of the liquid carbon dioxide absorbs heat and condenses into snowflake-like solids in the working chamber 223, and another part of the liquid carbon dioxide vaporizes into gaseous carbon dioxide. The gaseous carbon dioxide passes through the filter screen 224 and the filter plate 225 in sequence from the exhaust holes of the condensation exhaust part 223a and enters the intake pipe 54. Then, the gaseous carbon dioxide enters the heat exchange device 51 through the intake pipe 54 to pre-cool the liquid carbon dioxide entering the working chamber 223 in the next wave. After the pre-cooling operation, the gaseous carbon dioxide cools the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 33 through the exhaust pipe 55. Finally, the gaseous carbon dioxide after the cooling operation is discharged to the outside through the exhaust pipe 55. When the electric contact pressure gauge 42 detects that the air pressure in the working chamber 223 drops to 0.1 Mpa, the electric contact pressure gauge 42 sends a signal to the controller. After receiving the signal, the controller starts the hydraulic station 3. The hydraulic station 3 controls the hydraulic oil to push the piston push rod 211, and the piston push rod 211 pushes the piston 221 to extrude the snowflake-like solids in the working chamber 223 into strip or granular solid particles until the piston 221 moves to the end of the pressing and forming part 223b. During this process, the positive pressure F received by the piston 221 generates a component force F on the inclined groove 2221 of the fixing bolt 222 2 , and the component forces F of multiple inclined grooves 2221 2 form a torque, and the action of this torque causes the screw 222b to be tightened, realizing the self-locking of the fixing bolt 222. When the piston 221 moves to the end of the pressing and forming part 223b, the front travel switch 43 sends a signal to the controller, and the controller sends a signal to the solenoid valve 45 to change the direction. The piston push rod 211 drives the piston 221 to reset until the rear travel switch 44 sends a signal to complete the reset. The dry ice granulator completes an action process. During the reset process, the snowflake-like solids carried back by the piston 221 are discharged to the outside through the ice discharge groove 231 after extrusion. As can be seen from the above, the present invention effectively improves the service life of the dry ice granulator and solves the problem of cost waste.

Claims

1. A dry ice granulator, comprising a frame (1), on which a compression molding device (2), a hydraulic station (3), an electric control system (4) and a cooling system (5) are arranged. It is characterized in that the compression molding device (2) includes a power mechanism (21), a working mechanism (22) and a connecting plate (23). The connecting plate (23) is arranged between the power mechanism (21) and the working mechanism (22), and the power mechanism (21), the working mechanism (22) and the connecting plate (23) are detachably connected together; the power mechanism (21) includes a piston push rod (211); the working mechanism (22) includes a piston (221), a fixing bolt (222) and a working chamber (223). The piston (221) is threadedly connected to the front end of the piston push rod (211) through the fixing bolt (222), and the piston (221), the fixing bolt (222) and the piston push rod (211) are all located in the working chamber (223). The working chamber (223) is composed of a condensation and exhaust part (223a) and a pressing and molding part (223b), and the condensation and exhaust part (223a) and the pressing and molding part (223b) are respectively located at the front and rear parts of the working chamber (223). A liquid inlet (2231) is opened between the condensation and exhaust part (223a) and the pressing and molding part (223b) of the working chamber (223); the cooling system (5) includes a heat exchange device (51), a liquid inlet pipe (52), a liquid outlet pipe (53), an air inlet pipe (54) and an exhaust pipe (55). The liquid inlet pipe (52) is connected to the heat source inlet of the heat exchange device (51); one end of the liquid outlet pipe (53) is connected to the heat source outlet of the heat exchange device (51), and the other end of the liquid outlet pipe (53) is connected to the liquid inlet (2231) of the working chamber (223); one end of the air inlet pipe (54) is connected to the cold source inlet of the heat exchange device (51); the other end of the air inlet pipe (54) is connected to the working mechanism (22), and the connection position of the air inlet pipe (54) corresponds to the position of the condensation and exhaust part (223a) of the working chamber (223); one end of the exhaust pipe (55) is connected to the cold source outlet of the heat exchange device (51), and the other end of the exhaust pipe (55) passes through the oil tank (33) and is connected to the outside; a plurality of exhaust holes are opened on the condensation and exhaust part (223a), a filter net (224) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the exhaust holes of the condensation and exhaust part (223a), and a filter sheet (225) is also sleeved on the outer periphery of the filter net (224); the gap of the filter net (224) is smaller than the gap of the filter sheet (225), and the thickness of the filter net (224) is smaller than the thickness of the filter sheet (225); The fixing bolt (222) includes a head (222a) and a screw rod (222b). The outer circumferential surface of the head (222a) is a conical surface, that is, the diameter of the end of the head (222a) away from the screw rod (222b) is smaller than the diameter of the end of the head (222a) close to the screw rod (222b); an inclined groove (2221) is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the head (222a); the inclined groove (2221) is on the axial plane perpendicular to the screw rod (222b), and the helix direction of the inclined groove (2221) is opposite to the helix direction of the screw rod (222b). An ice accumulation discharge groove (231) penetrating through its inner hole is formed on the outer side surface of the connecting plate (23). The hydraulic station (3) includes a motor (31), a hydraulic pump (32), an oil tank (33) and a hydraulic fan (34).

2. The dry ice granulator according to claim 1, characterized in that there are at least 2 inclined grooves (2221), and the inclined grooves (2221) are evenly distributed in a circular array on the outer circumferential surface of the head (222a).

3. The dry ice granulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric control system (4) includes an electric control box (41), an electric contact pressure gauge (42), a front travel switch (43), a rear travel switch (44) and a solenoid valve (45). The electric contact pressure gauge (42) is arranged on the working mechanism (22), and the front travel switch (43) and the rear travel switch (44) are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the power mechanism (21); the electric contact pressure gauge (42), the front travel switch (43), the rear travel switch (44) and the solenoid valve (45) are electrically connected to the electric control box (41) together; a oil pipe is connected between the solenoid valve (45) and the hydraulic station (3).

4. The dry ice granulator according to claim 3, characterized in that a controller, a display screen, a control switch and a relay are arranged in the electric control box (41), and the display screen, the control switch and the relay are electrically connected to the controller together.

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