An internal structure of a water-cooled wall of a gasifier that is matched and connected to a radiation waste heat boiler

Abstract

The present invention provides a structure of an inner member of a water-cooled wall of a gasifier that is matched and connected to a radiation waste boiler, relating to the field of gasifiers, and includes an inlet pipe, a water inlet header, a membrane water-cooled wall, a water outlet header, an outlet pipe, a burner water-cooled cover, a slag notch, a purger, and a balance pipe; the membrane water-cooled wall is a cylindrical structure, the inlet pipe is connected from the water inlet nozzle of the gasifier shell to the water inlet header to supply water to the membrane water-cooled wall, the water in each water pipe of the membrane water-cooled wall flows upward from bottom to top, absorbs the gasification heat and then enters the water outlet header, the water outlet header collects the outlet water, the upper interface of the slag notch is matched with the lower necking of the membrane water-cooled wall, and the lower interface of the slag notch is matched with the inlet of the radiation waste boiler; the structure of the inner member of the water-cooled wall of the gasifier provided by the present invention improves the safety and reliability of the gasifier. Both the slag notch and the inlet of the radiation waste boiler are water-cooled wall structures, realizing the precise matching of the slag notch of the inner member of the water-cooled wall of the gasifier and the water-cooled wall throat pipe of the radiation waste boiler.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of gasifiers, and particularly relates to an inner structure of a water-cooled wall of a gasifier that is matched and connected with a radiant waste heat boiler. Background Art

[0002] Coal gasification technology is one of the key technologies for the clean and efficient utilization of coal resources. In recent years, with the growth of energy demand and the improvement of environmental protection requirements, coal gasification technology has been developing in the direction of high gasification temperature, high carbon conversion rate, and wide coal type adaptability, and the requirements for coal gasification devices, especially the core device - the gasifier, have also been continuously improved.

[0003] The gasification technology with a radiant waste heat boiler (RSC) is currently in a leading position compared with other gasification technologies. The radiant waste heat boiler (RSC) can recover the high-level heat energy generated by the gasification reaction, thereby generating a large amount of superheated steam for downstream processes to achieve the purpose of energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0004] Gasifiers are divided into two categories: refractory brick gasifiers and water-cooled wall gasifiers according to the furnace type. Refractory brick gasifiers have a simple structure and low construction cost, but have higher operation and maintenance costs, low online rate, and limited gasification temperature; water-cooled wall gasifiers have high gasification temperature, high safety and reliability, high online rate, low operation and maintenance costs, relatively complex structure and configuration, and high construction cost.

[0005] Currently, the gasification technology with a radiant waste heat boiler (RSC) mostly uses refractory brick gasifiers, and still has problems such as frequent maintenance, low online rate, and high brick replacement cost. If a water-cooled wall gasifier is used, the adaptability of the water-cooled wall structure and the interface matching between the gasifier and the radiant waste heat boiler (RSC) will be the difficulties and key points in the design. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an inner structure of a water-cooled wall of a gasifier that is matched and connected with a radiant waste heat boiler to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an inner structure of a water-cooled wall of a gasifier that is matched and connected with a radiant waste heat boiler, including an inlet pipe, an inlet water header, a membrane water-cooled wall, an outlet water header, an outlet pipe, a burner water-cooled cover, a slag outlet, a purger, and a balance pipe;

[0008] The membrane water-cooled wall is a tubular cylindrical structure composed of a plurality of water pipes and fins. The inside of the membrane water-cooled wall is a gasification chamber furnace. The two ends of the membrane water-cooled wall are respectively an upper necking and a lower necking;

[0009] The inlet water header is located at the bottom of the membrane water-cooled wall, and the outlet water header is located at the top of the membrane water-cooled wall;

[0010] The inlet end of the inlet pipe is connected to the water inlet nozzle on the outer shell of the gasifier, the outer shell of the gasifier is located outside the membrane water wall, and the outlet end of the inlet pipe is connected to the water inlet header; both ends of each water pipe of the membrane water wall are respectively connected to the water inlet header and the water outlet header, the inlet end of the outlet pipe is connected to the water outlet header, and the outlet end of the outlet pipe is connected to the water outlet nozzle on the outer shell of the gasifier; the burner water-cooling cover is connected between the burner installation opening on the outer shell of the gasifier and the upper constriction of the membrane water wall and matches the upper constriction of the membrane water wall;

[0011] The slag outlet includes a tube-in-tube channel and a slag outlet header. The slag outlet header is located outside the tube-in-tube channel. The slag outlet header is a ring pipe structure. The slag outlet is connected between the lower constriction of the membrane water wall and the inlet of the radiant waste heat boiler. The upper interface of the tube-in-tube channel matches the lower constriction of the membrane water wall, and the lower interface of the tube-in-tube channel matches the inlet of the radiant waste heat boiler.

[0012] The slag outlet is a separate water circuit. External water inlet is connected to the water inlet of the slag outlet header. Water flows into the water inlet header of the slag outlet, and then is distributed to the tube-in-tube channel. Water in the tube-in-tube channel converges into the water outlet header of the slag outlet, and then flows out from the water outlet of the slag outlet header to the external water outlet pipeline; the specific water flow direction is that water first flows into the water inlet header of the slag outlet, then flows downward in the straight section of the tube-in-tube channel to the bottom of the slag outlet and then returns upward to the conical section of the tube-in-tube channel, then flows downward into the water outlet header of the slag outlet, and finally flows to the external water outlet pipeline.

[0013] The inlet pipe is connected from the water inlet nozzle on the outer shell of the gasifier to the water inlet header, supplies water to the membrane water wall, and provides overall support for the internal component structure of the membrane water wall.

[0014] The membrane water wall is a tube-in-tube cylindrical structure composed of water pipes and fins. The main function of the finned tubes is to increase the heating surface or heat dissipation and improve the heat transfer efficiency. A certain pitch is maintained between the water pipes. The upper constriction of the membrane water wall matches the burner water-cooling cover, and the lower constriction of the membrane water wall matches the slag outlet. The water pipes in the constriction section jump tubes according to the layout and pitch requirements. Tube jumping means that the water pipes jump out of the tube screen in the direction of the tube screen composition. The reason is that after the cylindrical constriction, the pitch of the water pipes in the circumferential direction gradually becomes smaller, and when the water pipes cannot be arranged, some water pipes must jump out.

[0015] The water wall is usually laid on the inner wall surface of the furnace and is mainly used to absorb the radiant heat released by the furnace flame and high-temperature flue gas, because it has the function of cooling and protecting the furnace wall.

[0016] Modern large and medium-sized boilers generally adopt membrane water walls, which are composed of rolled finned tubes. The fins of adjacent tubes are connected and welded into a whole by electric welding. The advantages of the membrane water wall are as follows: good furnace sealing, reduced air leakage, which can reduce the exhaust gas loss and is conducive to slightly positive pressure combustion; it can fully protect the furnace wall, thus reducing the furnace wall thickness and weight and being conducive to the adoption of a suspension structure; it can improve the coking situation in the furnace; it improves the pre-assembly degree of boiler components and can reduce the installation workload; compared with the bare tube water wall, it improves the heat absorption capacity of the tubes. Therefore, most of the boilers produced in China in recent years adopt membrane water walls. The membrane water wall requires that the thermal deviation between adjacent tubes should be as small as possible to prevent tube damage caused by thermal stress due to thermal deviation. In order to withstand the pressure of deflagration in the furnace or the pressure fluctuation of combustion in the furnace, which may cause deformation or damage to the structure of the water wall, rigid beams must be arranged in layers around the outer side of the furnace wall to make the whole water wall a rigid whole.

[0017] Further, the water pipe includes a straight tube part, an upper reduced diameter part, a lower reduced diameter part, an upper interface part and a lower interface part. The straight tube part, the upper reduced diameter part and the lower reduced diameter part are all linear. The straight tube part is vertically placed. The two ends of the straight tube part are respectively connected to the upper reduced diameter part and the lower reduced diameter part to form a trapezoidal structure without a bottom surface. The upper interface part is connected to the other end of the upper reduced diameter part, and the other end of the lower reduced diameter part is connected to the lower interface part.

[0018] Further, the slag notch header includes a slag notch water inlet header and a slag notch water outlet header. The slag notch water inlet header is located below the slag notch water outlet header. The slag notch water inlet header is connected to the slag notch header water inlet, and the slag notch water outlet header is connected to the slag notch header water outlet.

[0019] Further, the shell-and-tube channel is composed of tubes and round steel, including a conical section and a straight tube section. The conical section is in the shape of an upward-opening hollow frustum structure, and the straight tube section is a hollow cylinder. The conical section and the straight tube section are connected. The water inlet of the tube is connected to the slag notch water inlet header, and the water outlet of the tube is connected to the slag notch water outlet header;

[0020] The conical section is in the shape of an upward-opening hollow frustum structure, which matches the lower reduced diameter of the downward-opening hollow frustum structure of the membrane water wall. The lower interface of the straight tube section matches the inlet of the radiant waste heat boiler; both the slag notch and the inlet of the radiant waste heat boiler are of water wall structure, which can realize the precise matching between the slag notch of the inner part of the gasifier water wall and the water wall throat tube of the radiant waste heat boiler.

[0021] The slag notch is a separate water circuit, and the design size is easy to be adjusted accordingly in cooperation with the design of the inlet of the radiant waste heat boiler, and it can be removed from the gasifier as a whole, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly.

[0022] The process packages of some gasification technologies integrate the radiant waste heat boiler (RSC) into a water-cooled wall structure. A relatively long water-cooled wall throat is provided at the inlet of the radiant waste heat boiler (RSC). The outlet of the inner component of the water-cooled wall of the gasifier needs to match the inlet structure of the radiant waste heat boiler (RSC). The size of the water-cooled wall throat of the radiant waste heat boiler (RSC) is extended upward and connected through the slag outlet to the lower constriction of the membrane water-cooled wall of the gasifier.

[0023] The design of the waste heat boiler is related to the specific gasification process and the temperature field and flow field inside the waste heat boiler. The inlet of the waste heat boiler of some gasification process technologies is a refractory brick structure. The improved waste heat boiler is designed as a water-cooled wall structure to improve the temperature field and flow field distribution at the inlet of the waste heat boiler, solve the problems of slagging and plugging, improve the equipment life, and reduce the inspection and maintenance costs.

[0024] Plugging may occur at the connection between the inner component structure of the gasifier and the radiant waste heat boiler during operation and needs to be disassembled and replaced. The purpose of designing the slag outlet is to solve the replacement problem during plugging.

[0025] Furthermore, the purger is located at the bottom of the annular space between the membrane water-cooled wall and the gasifier shell. The purger is connected to the purge gas inlet nozzle on the gasifier shell. The purger is a ring pipe structure, and evenly distributed air inlet holes are opened on the ring pipe. A baffle is arranged outside each air inlet hole.

[0026] Purge gas and protective gas are introduced into the purger to maintain the pressure balance inside and outside the furnace and simultaneously clean the fly ash between the furnace and the gasifier shell.

[0027] Since the inlet speed of the purge gas and the protective gas is relatively high, in order to avoid directly scouring the inner component of the water-cooled wall of the gasifier, a baffle is arranged outside the air inlet hole.

[0028] Furthermore, the balance pipe is located in the gap between the upper constriction of the membrane water-cooled wall and the burner water-cooled cover, connecting the gasification chamber furnace and the annular space, and playing a role in balancing the pressure inside and outside the furnace.

[0029] Furthermore, the membrane water-cooled wall, the burner water-cooled cover, and the heat-absorbing surface of the slag outlet are coated with a refractory lining to protect the membrane water-cooled wall.

[0030] Furthermore, both the water inlet header and the water outlet header are ring pipe structures. The water inlet header is provided with nozzles connected to the lower interface parts on the introducing pipe and the water passing pipe; the water outlet header is provided with nozzles connected to the upper interface parts on the leading-out pipe and the water passing pipe.

[0031] The inlet header is located at the bottom of the membrane water wall, and after collecting the inlet water, it distributes the water to each water pipe of the membrane water wall. The water in each water pipe of the membrane water wall flows upward from bottom to top, absorbs the heat on the gasification side and then enters the outlet header. The outlet header is located at the top of the membrane water wall and collects the outlet water.

[0032] Further, the outlet pipe is of a spiral coiled structure.

[0033] The outlet pipe is connected from the outlet header to the outlet nozzle of the gasifier shell, leading out the saturated steam after heat absorption. It is of a spiral coiled structure and can absorb the thermal expansion displacement difference between the inner part of the water wall and the gasifier shell.

[0034] The gasifier operates at a high temperature. During the start-up and shutdown processes and the temperature fluctuation state, the temperatures of the inner part of the water wall and the gasifier shell are different, and the corresponding thermal expansion amounts are different. The difference in thermal expansion amounts between the two is the thermal expansion displacement difference.

[0035] Further, the burner water-cooling shroud is a coil structure composed of water pipes and a cylinder. The cylinder is located above the water pipes. The two ends of the water pipes are respectively connected to the water pipe inlet and the water pipe outlet. The water pipe inlet is connected to the inlet nozzle on the gasifier shell, and the water pipe outlet is connected to the outlet nozzle on the gasifier shell. Water is passed through the coil for cooling to protect the burner. The function of the cylinder is to connect the burner water-cooling shroud and the gasifier shell.

[0036] Beneficial effects:

[0037] (1) The structure of the inner part of the water wall of the gasifier matched and connected with the radiant waste heat boiler provided by the present invention improves the safety and reliability of the gasifier, reduces the number of maintenance times, thereby improving the online operation rate of the gasifier, saving the cost of brick replacement, and reducing the operation and maintenance cost;

[0038] (2) The membrane water wall of the structure of the inner part of the water wall of the gasifier matched and connected with the radiant waste heat boiler provided by the present invention adopts an integral tube-in-tube structure. The upper necking and the lower necking are made into a cone in the form of skipping tubes. It is simpler to manufacture compared with the conventional coil cone, and a large number of 180° and 90° small R elbows are saved. It can save material cost and manufacturing cost. At the same time, from the perspective of hydrodynamics, the number of water pipes is reduced, the flow resistance is reduced, and it is more conducive to reducing energy consumption and system safety;

[0039] The following will further illustrate the concept, specific structure and technical effects generated by the present invention with reference to the drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention. Description of the Drawings

[0040] Figure 1It is a schematic structural diagram of the internal parts of the water-cooled wall of a gasifier;

[0041] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a single water pipe of a membrane water-cooled wall;

[0042] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a burner water-cooled cover;

[0043] Figure 4 Schematic structural diagram of the slag notch;

[0044] The reference signs are as follows: 1 - inlet pipe; 2 - water inlet header; 3 - membrane water-cooled wall; 4 - water outlet header; 5 - outlet pipe; 6 - burner water-cooled cover; 6-1 - water pipe; 6-2 - steel pipe; 6-3 - water pipe inlet; 6-4 - water pipe outlet; 7 - slag notch; 7-1 - tube-type channel; 7-2 - slag notch header; 7-2-1 - slag notch header inlet; 7-2-2 - slag notch header outlet; 7-2-3 - slag inlet header; 7-2-4 - slag outlet header; 8 - purger; 9 - balance pipe; 10 - gasifier shell; 11 - water pipe; 11-1 - straight tube part; 11-2 - upper necking part; 11-3 - lower necking part; 11-4 - upper connection part; 11-5 - lower connection part; 12 - burner installation opening. Detailed implementation manners

[0045] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the detailed implementation manners. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of this application.

[0046] In the drawings, components with the same structure are denoted by the same reference numerals, and components with similar structures or functions are denoted by similar reference numerals. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily shown, and the present invention does not limit the size and thickness of each component. In order to make the drawings clearer, the thickness of some parts in the drawings is appropriately exaggerated.

[0047] Embodiment

[0048] As Figures 1 to 4Among them, in a preferred embodiment, a structure of the inner member of the water-cooled wall of a gasifier that is matched and connected to a radiation waste boiler is provided, including a set of inlet pipes 1 for water inlet, a set of inlet water collectors 2 for collecting and distributing the inlet water, a set of membrane water-cooled walls 3 for forming the furnace chamber of the gasification chamber, a set of outlet water collectors 4 for collecting the outlet water, a set of outlet pipes 5 for the outlet water, a set of burner water-cooled covers 6 for protecting the burner, a set of slag outlets 7 for connecting the gasifier and the radiation waste boiler, a set of purgers 8 for introducing purge gas and protective gas, and a set of balance pipes 9 for balancing the pressure inside and outside the furnace chamber. The structure of the inner member of the water-cooled wall of the gasifier is a rotary cylindrical structure with the center line as the axis.

[0049] The membrane water-cooled wall 3 is a tubular cylindrical structure composed of a plurality of water pipes 11 and fins. The inside of the membrane water-cooled wall 3 is the furnace chamber of the gasification chamber. The two ends of the membrane water-cooled wall 3 are respectively an upper necking and a lower necking; the number of the water pipes 11 and fins is determined according to the size and shape of the actually designed water-cooled wall.

[0050] The inlet water collector 2 is located at the bottom of the membrane water-cooled wall 3, and the outlet water collector 4 is located at the top of the membrane water-cooled wall 3;

[0051] The inlet end of the inlet pipe 1 is connected to the water inlet nozzle on the gasifier shell 10. The gasifier shell 10 is located outside the membrane water-cooled wall 3. The outlet end of the inlet pipe 1 is connected to the inlet water collector 2; both ends of each water pipe 11 of the membrane water-cooled wall 3 are respectively connected to the inlet water collector 2 and the outlet water collector 4. The inlet end of the outlet pipe 5 is connected to the outlet water collector 4, and the outlet end of the outlet pipe 5 is connected to the water outlet nozzle on the gasifier shell 10; the burner water-cooled cover 6 is connected between the burner installation opening 12 of the gasifier shell 10 and the upper necking of the membrane water-cooled wall 3 and is matched with the upper necking of the membrane water-cooled wall 3;

[0052] The slag outlet 7 includes a tubular channel 7-1 and a slag outlet collector 7-2. The slag outlet collector 7-2 is located outside the tubular channel 7-1. The slag outlet collector 7-2 is a ring pipe structure. The slag outlet 7 is connected between the lower necking of the membrane water-cooled wall 3 and the inlet of the radiation waste boiler. The upper interface of the tubular channel 7-1 is matched with the lower necking of the membrane water-cooled wall 3, and the lower interface of the tubular channel 7-1 is matched with the inlet of the radiation waste boiler.

[0053] The inlet pipe 1 is connected from the water inlet nozzle of the gasifier shell 10 to the inlet water collector 2 to supply water to the membrane water-cooled wall 3 and at the same time provide overall support for the inner member structure of the membrane water-cooled wall 3.

[0054] The membrane water wall 3 is a tubular cylindrical structure composed of water pipes 11 and fins. The main function of the finned tubes is to increase the heating surface or heat dissipation and improve the heat transfer efficiency. A certain pitch is maintained between the water pipes 11. The upper reduced opening of the membrane water wall 3 is matched with the burner water-cooled cover 6, and the lower reduced opening of the membrane water wall 3 is matched with the slag outlet 7. The water pipes in the reduced opening section jump according to the layout and pitch requirements. Jumping the pipes means that the water pipes 11 jump out of the tube screen in the direction of the tube screen composition. The reason is that after the cylindrical reduced opening, the pitch of the water pipes 11 in the circumferential direction gradually becomes smaller. When the water pipes 11 cannot be arranged, some of the water pipes 11 must be jumped out.

[0055] The water pipe 11 includes a straight tube part 11-1, an upper reduced opening part 11-2, a lower reduced opening part 11-3, an upper interface part 11-4 and a lower interface part 11-5. The straight tube part 11-1, the upper reduced opening part 11-2 and the lower reduced opening part 11-3 are all straight-line types. The straight tube part 11-1 is vertically placed. The two ends of the straight tube part 11-1 are respectively connected to the upper reduced opening part 11-2 and the lower reduced opening part 11-3 to form a trapezoidal structure without a lower bottom surface. The upper interface part 11-4 is connected to the other end of the upper reduced opening part 11-2, and the other end of the lower reduced opening part 11-3 is connected to the lower interface part 11-5.

[0056] The slag outlet header 7-2 includes a slag inlet header 7-2-3 and a slag outlet header 7-2-4. The slag inlet header 7-2-3 is located below the slag outlet header 7-2-4. The slag inlet header 7-2-3 is connected to the slag inlet of the slag outlet header 7-2-1, and the slag outlet header 7-2-4 is connected to the slag outlet of the slag outlet header 7-2-2.

[0057] The tubular channel 7-1 is composed of tubes and round steel, including a conical section and a straight tube section. The conical section is in the shape of a hollow frustum with an upward opening, and the straight tube section is a hollow cylinder. The conical section and the straight tube section are connected. The water inlet of the tube is connected to the slag inlet header 7-2-3, and the water outlet of the tube is connected to the slag outlet header 7-2-4.

[0058] The round steel is embedded between the tube rows composed of tubes to form the laterally enclosed tubular channel 7-1.

[0059] The conical section is in the shape of a hollow frustum with an upward opening, which is matched with the lower reduced opening of the membrane water wall in the shape of a hollow frustum with a downward opening. The lower interface of the straight tube section is matched with the inlet of the radiant waste heat boiler; both the slag outlet and the inlet of the radiant waste heat boiler are water wall structures, which can achieve the precise matching of the slag outlet of the inner part of the gasifier water wall and the water wall throat pipe of the radiant waste heat boiler.

[0060] The slag notch is a separate waterway, and its designed dimensions are easy to be adjusted accordingly in coordination with the design of the inlet of the radiant waste heat boiler, and it can be removed from the gasifier as a whole, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly.

[0061] In some gasification technology process packages, the radiant waste heat boiler (RSC) is integrally designed as a water-cooled wall structure, and a relatively long water-cooled wall throat pipe is provided at the inlet of the radiant waste heat boiler (RSC). The outlet of the inner part of the water-cooled wall of the gasifier needs to match the structure of the inlet of the radiant waste heat boiler (RSC). The size of the water-cooled wall throat pipe of the radiant waste heat boiler (RSC) is extended upwards and is connected in a matching manner with the lower constriction of the membrane water-cooled wall of the gasifier through the slag notch.

[0062] The design of the waste heat boiler is related to the specific gasification process and the temperature field and flow field inside the waste heat boiler. The inlets of the waste heat boilers of some gasification process technologies are of refractory brick structures. The improved waste heat boiler is designed as a water-cooled wall structure to improve the temperature field and flow field distributions at the inlet of the waste heat boiler, solve the problems of slagging and plugging, increase the service life of the equipment, and reduce the inspection, maintenance and repair costs.

[0063] During the operation process, blockage of slag may occur at the connection between the inner part structure of the gasifier and the radiant waste heat boiler, and it needs to be disassembled and replaced. The purpose of designing the slag notch is to solve the replacement problem during slag blockage.

[0064] The purger 8 is located at the bottom of the annular space between the membrane water-cooled wall 3 and the gasifier shell 10. The purger 8 is connected with the purging gas inlet nozzle on the gasifier shell 10. The purger 8 is of a ring pipe structure, and evenly distributed air inlet holes are opened on the ring pipe, and baffles are arranged outside each air inlet hole.

[0065] Purging gas and protective gas are introduced into the purger 8 to maintain the pressure balance inside and outside the furnace, and at the same time sweep the fly ash between the furnace and the gasifier shell 10.

[0066] Since the inlet speeds of the purging gas and the protective gas are relatively high, in order to avoid directly scouring the inner part of the water-cooled wall of the gasifier, baffles are arranged outside the air inlet holes.

[0067] The balance pipe 9 is located in the gap between the upper constriction of the membrane water-cooled wall 3 and the burner water-cooled cover 6, and connects the gasification chamber furnace and the annular space, playing a role in balancing the pressure inside and outside the furnace.

[0068] The heat receiving surfaces of the membrane water-cooled wall 3, the burner water-cooled cover 6 and the slag notch 7 are coated with refractory linings to protect the membrane water-cooled wall 3.

[0069] Both the water inlet header 2 and the water outlet header 4 are of ring pipe structures. The water inlet header 2 is provided with nozzles connected with the lower interface parts 11-5 on the introducing pipe 1 and the water connecting pipe 11; the water outlet header 4 is provided with nozzles connected with the leading-out pipe 5 and the upper interface parts 11-4 on the water connecting pipe 11.

[0070] The upper interface part 11-4 of the water pipe 11 is butt-welded to the nozzle on the water outlet header 4, and the lower interface part 11-5 of the water pipe 11 is butt-welded to the nozzle on the water inlet header 2.

[0071] The water inlet header 2 is located at the bottom of the membrane water wall 3. After collecting the inlet water, it distributes the water to each water pipe 11 of the membrane water wall 3. The water in each water pipe 11 of the membrane water wall 3 flows from bottom to top, absorbs the heat on the gasification side, and then enters the water outlet header 4. The water outlet header 4 is located at the top of the membrane water wall 3 and collects the outlet water. The lead-out pipe 5 is of a spiral coiled structure.

[0072] The lead-out pipe 5 is connected from the water outlet header 4 to the water outlet nozzle of the gasifier shell 10 to lead out the saturated water vapor after heat absorption. It is of a spiral coiled structure and can absorb the thermal expansion displacement difference between the inner parts of the water wall and the gasifier shell 10.

[0073] The gasifier operates at a high temperature. During the startup and shutdown processes and temperature fluctuation states, the temperatures of the inner parts of the water wall and the gasifier shell 10 are different, and the corresponding thermal expansion amounts are different. The difference in thermal expansion amounts between the two is the thermal expansion displacement difference.

[0074] The burner water-cooling shroud 6 is a coiled pipe structure composed of a water pipe 6-1 and a cylinder 6-2. The cylinder 6-2 is located above the water pipe 6-1. The two ends of the water pipe 6-1 are respectively connected to the water pipe inlet 6-3 and the water pipe outlet 6-4. The water pipe inlet 6-3 is connected to the water inlet nozzle on the gasifier shell 10, and the water pipe outlet 6-4 is connected to the water outlet nozzle on the gasifier shell 10. Water is passed through the coiled pipe for cooling, which plays a role in protecting the burner.

[0075] During installation, after each component is separately manufactured, the membrane water wall 3, the water inlet header 2, the water outlet header 4, the inlet pipe 1, the lead-out pipe 5, and the balance pipe 9 are first assembled into an integral body, and then the integral body is installed into the gasifier shell 10. The inlet pipe 1 and the lead-out pipe 5 are respectively assembled and connected to the water inlet nozzle and the water outlet nozzle on the gasifier shell 10. After the burner water-cooling shroud 6 is assembled with the burner installation flange cover of the gasifier shell 10, it is assembled and fitted with the upper reduced opening of the membrane water wall 3. The slag outlet 7 is assembled and fitted with the lower reduced opening of the membrane water wall 3. The purger 8 is assembled with the purge gas inlet nozzle on the gasifier shell 10.

[0076] When the gasifier is operating, the saturated water in the steam drum enters the water inlet header 2 through the inlet pipe 1. The water inlet header 2 evenly distributes the water to each water pipe 11 of the membrane water wall 3. After the saturated water absorbs the heat of the gasification reaction to form a steam-water mixture, it is collected by the outlet header 4 and then led back to the steam drum through the outlet pipe 5, forming a water circulation system. The burner water-cooled shroud 6, the slag notch 7, and the membrane water wall 3 are in a parallel water circuit, which can realize water distribution adjustment to avoid the burner water-cooled shroud 6 and the slag notch 7 from being damaged due to too little water supply. All three are within the water circulation system. The water wall is protected by the circulating water cooling, providing a safe and reliable reaction space for gasification. The purger 8 continuously provides protective gas and purging gas for the inner components of the water wall. The balance pipe 9 connects the furnace and the annular space to achieve the internal and external pressure balance of the membrane water wall 3, thus ensuring the reliable operation of the gasifier.

Claims

1. A structure of the inner part of the water-cooled wall of a gasifier that is matched and connected to a radiation waste heat boiler, characterized in that It includes an inlet pipe (1), a water inlet header (2), a membrane water wall (3), a water outlet header (4), an outlet pipe (5), a burner water-cooling hood (6), a slag notch (7), a purger (8) and a balance pipe (9); The membrane water wall (3) is a tubular cylindrical structure composed of multiple water pipes (11) and fins. The interior of the membrane water wall (3) is a gasification chamber furnace. The two ends of the membrane water wall (3) are respectively an upper necking and a lower necking; The water inlet header (2) is located at the bottom of the membrane water wall (3), and the water outlet header (4) is located at the top of the membrane water wall (3); The inlet end of the inlet pipe (1) is connected to the water inlet nozzle on the outer shell (10) of the gasifier. The outer shell (10) of the gasifier is located outside the membrane water wall (3). The outlet end of the inlet pipe (1) is connected to the water inlet header (2). Both ends of each water pipe (11) of the membrane water wall (3) are respectively connected to the water inlet header (2) and the water outlet header (4). The inlet end of the outlet pipe (5) is connected to the water outlet header (4), and the outlet end of the outlet pipe (5) is connected to the water outlet nozzle on the outer shell (10) of the gasifier. The burner water-cooling hood (6) is connected between the burner installation opening (12) on the outer shell (10) of the gasifier and the upper necking of the membrane water wall (3) and is matched with the upper necking of the membrane water wall (3); The slag notch (7) includes a tubular channel (7-1) and a slag notch header (7-2). The slag notch header (7-2) is located outside the tubular channel (7-1). The slag notch header (7-2) is a ring pipe structure. The slag notch (7) is connected between the lower necking of the membrane water wall (3) and the inlet of the radiant waste heat boiler. The upper interface of the tubular channel (7-1) is matched with the lower necking of the membrane water wall (3), and the lower interface of the tubular channel (7-1) is matched with the inlet of the radiant waste heat boiler; The slag notch header (7-2) includes a slag notch water inlet header (7-2-3) and a slag notch water outlet header (7-2-4). The slag notch water inlet header (7-2-3) is located below the slag notch water outlet header (7-2-4). The slag notch water inlet header (7-2-3) is connected to the slag notch header water inlet (7-2-1), and the slag notch water outlet header (7-2-4) is connected to the slag notch header water outlet (7-2-2); The tubular channel (7-1) is composed of pipes and round steel and includes a conical section and a straight cylinder section. The conical section is a hollow frustum structure with an upward opening, and the straight cylinder section is a hollow cylinder. The conical section and the straight cylinder section are connected. The water inlet of the pipe is connected to the slag notch water inlet header (7-2-3), and the water outlet of the pipe is connected to the slag notch water outlet header (7-2-4); The slag notch (7) is a separate water circuit.

2. The inner structure of the water-cooled wall of the gasifier connected to the radiation waste heat boiler as claimed in claim 1, wherein The water pipe (11) includes a straight tube portion (11-1), an upper necked-down portion (11-2), a lower necked-down portion (11-3), an upper interface portion (11-4) and a lower interface portion (11-5). The straight tube portion (11-1), the upper necked-down portion (11-2) and the lower necked-down portion (11-3) are all linear. The straight tube portion (11-1) is vertically placed. The two ends of the straight tube portion (11-1) are respectively connected to the upper necked-down portion (11-2) and the lower necked-down portion (11-3) to form a trapezoidal structure without a bottom surface. The upper interface portion (11-4) is connected to the other end of the upper necked-down portion (11-2), and the other end of the lower necked-down portion (11-3) is connected to the lower interface portion (11-5).

3. The structure of the inner member of the water-cooled wall of the gasifier that is connected in a matching manner with the radiation waste heat boiler as described in claim 1, wherein The purger (8) is located at the bottom of the annular space between the membrane water wall (3) and the gasifier shell (10). The purger (8) is connected to the purge gas inlet nozzle on the gasifier shell (10). The purger (8) is a ring pipe structure, and evenly distributed air inlet holes are opened on the ring pipe, and baffles are arranged outside each air inlet hole.

4. The structure of the inner component of the gasifier water-cooled wall connected to the radiation waste heat boiler as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The balance pipe (9) is located in the gap between the upper necked-down portion of the membrane water wall (3) and the burner water-cooling cover (6), and communicates the gasification chamber furnace and the annular space.

5. The structure of the inner component of the gasifier water wall that is matched and connected to the radiation waste heat boiler as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The heat transfer surfaces of the membrane water wall (3), the burner water-cooling cover (6) and the slag notch (7) are coated with refractory lining.

6. The structure of the inner member of the water-cooled wall of the gasifier connected to the radiation waste heat boiler as claimed in claim 2, wherein Both the water inlet header (2) and the water outlet header (4) are ring pipe structures. The water inlet header (2) is provided with nozzles connected to the introduction pipe (1) and the lower interface portion (11-5) on the water pipe (11); the water outlet header (4) is provided with nozzles connected to the lead-out pipe (5) and the upper interface portion (11-4) on the water pipe (11).

7. The structure of the inner component of the gasifier water wall connected to the radiation waste heat boiler as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The lead-out pipe (5) is a spiral coiled structure.

8. The structure of the inner member of the gasifier water wall connected to the radiation waste heat boiler as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The burner water-cooling cover (6) is a coiled pipe structure composed of a water passage pipe (6-1) and a cylinder (6-2). The cylinder (6-2) is located above the water passage pipe (6-1). The two ends of the water passage pipe (6-1) are respectively connected to a water passage pipe water inlet (6-3) and a water passage pipe water outlet (6-4). The water passage pipe water inlet (6-3) is connected to the water inlet nozzle on the gasifier shell (10), and the water passage pipe water outlet (6-4) is connected to the water outlet nozzle on the gasifier shell (10).

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