A kind of electromagnetic structure of a relay with a permanent magnet balanced armature

Abstract

A kind of electromagnetic structure of a relay with a permanent magnet balanced armature belongs to the technical field of relays. The armature is placed on one side of the upper and lower yokes. The middle part of the armature is rotationally supported on the outer frame through a rotating shaft. The two ends of the armature are respectively arranged in an opening and closing manner with the upper yoke and the lower yoke. The magnet is arranged on the lower yoke and is connected to the middle part of the armature through a magnetic conduction part. The magnet is close to the armature at one end close to the lower yoke. The invention can effectively utilize the magnetic flux generated by the magnet, avoid magnetic leakage waste, improve the magnetic circuit efficiency, reduce the power of the relay, increase the environmental resistance performance of the relay, and solve the problems of low release and holding force, poor anti-vibration and anti-impact ability, and high power consumption of the current relay.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of relays, and in particular relates to an electromagnetic structure of a permanent magnet balanced armature relay. Background Art

[0002] A relay consists of an electromagnetic system and a contact spring system. The electromagnetic system is the relay's input, receiving external voltage or current to drive the relay's movement. The contact spring system is the relay's output, controlling the on / off signal between the contacts by closing and opening them. Currently, small relays are categorized as either non-permanent magnet relays or permanent magnet relays, depending on whether the electromagnetic system contains magnets.

[0003] The internal magnetic circuit of the electromagnetic system without permanent magnet relay is completely composed of the magnetic field generated by external excitation. The action energy of the electromagnetic system is completely provided by external excitation, so the required power consumption is relatively large.

[0004] The internal magnetic circuit of a permanent magnet relay's electromagnetic system is composed of a permanent magnetic field generated by the relay's own magnets and a magnetic field generated by an external excitation. This magnetic field coordinates with the external excitation field, thereby reducing the external power consumption required for relay operation. However, most existing permanent magnet relays rely on the magnet's leakage field to coordinate with the external excitation field. This significantly reduces the magnet's efficiency and fails to fully utilize its magnetic properties. Furthermore, the armature retaining force is insufficient in the released state, resulting in relatively weak vibration and shock resistance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above technical problems, the present invention proposes an electromagnetic structure containing a permanent magnet balanced armature relay, which reduces the volume of the relay while improving the environmental resistance and life of the relay, reducing the power consumption of the relay, and increasing the release voltage to improve debugging efficiency.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A permanent magnet balanced armature relay electromagnetic structure includes an upper yoke, a lower yoke, a coil group, an iron core, a coil frame, a coil, an armature, and a magnet. The coil frame is provided with a coil, the iron core is arranged in the coil to form a coil group, the coil group is placed between the upper yoke and the lower yoke, the armature is placed on one side of the upper and lower yokes, the middle part of the armature is rotatably supported on an outer frame via a rotating shaft, the two ends of the armature are respectively opened and closed with the upper yoke and the lower yoke, the magnet is arranged on the lower yoke, connected to the middle part of the armature via a magnetic conductive member, and the magnet is close to the armature near one end of the lower yoke.

[0008] Further, the magnetic conductive member is of a frame structure, and magnetic conductive member connection ends protruding outward are provided on both sides of the upper end thereof. The magnetic steel is placed on the magnetic conductive member, and the magnetic conductive member connection ends are connected to both sides of the armature above the middle rotating shaft.

[0009] Further, on the frame structure of the magnetic conductive member, a receiving groove for receiving the middle rotating shaft of the armature is provided below the magnetic conductive member connection end.

[0010] Further, the bottom of the magnetic conductive member is in contact with the lower yoke, and a distance is left between the top of the magnetic conductive member and the upper yoke.

[0011] Further, connection bosses protruding outward are respectively provided on both sides of the ends of the upper yoke, the lower yoke and the magnetic conductive member, and clamping grooves matching with the above connection bosses and the middle rotating shaft of the armature are provided on the outer frame to limit the upper yoke, the lower yoke, the magnetic conductive member and the middle rotating shaft of the armature.

[0012] Further, the upper yoke, the lower yoke and the coil group are insulated by a coil holder.

[0013] Further, an armature frame is injection-molded outside the armature. A contact spring connection end connected to the contact spring of the outer frame is provided at the top of the armature frame. Armature middle rotating shafts protruding outward are provided on both sides of the middle of the armature frame, and the wall thickness of the armature frame allows the magnetic circuit to pass through.

[0014] Further, a first magnetic flux circuit is formed between the magnetic steel and the lower part of the armature, and a second magnetic flux circuit is formed by the upper yoke, the iron core, the lower yoke, the magnetic steel and the upper part of the armature. The directions of the first magnetic flux circuit and the second magnetic flux circuit are opposite. After the coil is electrified, a coil magnetic flux circuit is formed from the upper yoke, the iron core, the lower yoke, the lower part of the armature to the upper part of the armature. The direction of the coil magnetic flux circuit is opposite to that of the first magnetic flux circuit and the same as that of the second magnetic flux circuit.

[0015] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] The present invention provides a permanent magnet balanced armature type relay. The shapes and fixed structures of the magnetic steel and the magnetic conductive member can effectively utilize the magnetic flux generated by the magnetic steel, avoid magnetic leakage waste, improve the magnetic circuit efficiency, reduce the power of the relay, increase the environmental resistance performance of the relay, and solve the problems of low release and holding force, poor vibration and shock resistance, and high power consumption of the current relay. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the electromagnetic structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the outer frame structure;

[0019] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the coil group structure;

[0020] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the armature group structure;

[0021] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the permanent magnet group structure;

[0022] Figure 6 Schematic diagram at the release position when not energized;

[0023] Figure 7 Schematic diagram at the initial stage when the coil is energized and the armature and the lower yoke are not released yet;

[0024] Figure 8 Schematic diagram at the initial stage when the coil is de-energized and the armature and the upper yoke are not released yet;

[0025] Figure 9 Relay suction and reaction force matching diagram.

[0026] Components in the figure: 1 is the upper yoke, 2 is the lower yoke, 3 is the coil group, 4 is the armature group, 5 is the permanent magnet group, 6 is the outer frame, 7 is the iron core, 8 is the coil bobbin, 9 is the coil, 10 is the armature, 11 is the armature frame, 12 is the permanent magnet, 13 is the magnetic conduction part, 14 is the permanent magnet frame, 15 is the magnetic conduction part connection end, 16 is the receiving groove, 17 is the contact spring connection end. Specific implementation mode

[0027] In order to better explain the present invention for easy understanding, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings through specific implementation modes.

[0028] An electromagnetic structure of a permanent magnet balanced armature type relay, including an upper yoke 1, a lower yoke 2, a coil group 3, an iron core 7, a coil bobbin 8, a coil 9, an armature 10, and a permanent magnet 12. The coil 9 is provided on the coil bobbin 8, and the iron core 7 is arranged in the coil 9 on the coil bobbin 8 to form a coil group 3. The coil group 3 is placed between the upper yoke 1 and the lower yoke 2. The armature 10 is placed on one side of the upper and lower yokes. The middle part of the armature 10 is rotatably supported on the outer frame 6 through a rotating shaft. The two ends of the armature 10 are respectively arranged to open and close with the upper yoke 1 and the lower yoke 2. The permanent magnet 12 is arranged on the lower yoke 2 and is connected to the middle part of the armature 10 through a magnetic conduction part 13. The permanent magnet 12 is close to the armature near one end of the lower yoke 2. A contact spring system is provided on the outer frame 6, and the reaction force of the contact spring system is applied to the armature 10, and the contact spring system cooperates with the suction force generated by the electromagnetic system.

[0029] The magnetic conduction part 13 is of a frame structure, and two sides of its upper end are provided with outwardly protruding magnetic conduction part connection ends 15. The permanent magnet 12 is placed inside the magnetic conduction part 13, and the magnetic conduction part connection ends 15 are in contact connection with both sides of the armature above the middle rotating shaft.

[0030] On the frame structure of the magnetic conduction member 13, a receiving groove 16 for the middle rotating shaft of the armature 10 is provided below the connection end 15 of the magnetic conduction member.

[0031] The bottom of the magnetic conduction member 13 is in contact with the lower yoke 2, and there is a certain distance between the top of the magnetic conduction member 13 and the upper yoke 1.

[0032] On both sides of the ends of the upper yoke 1, the lower yoke 2 and the magnetic conduction member 13, connection bosses protruding outward are respectively made. On the outer frame 6, clamping grooves matching the above connection bosses and the middle rotating shaft of the armature 10 are provided. The outer frame 6 limits and fixes the upper yoke 1, the lower yoke 2, the magnetic conduction member 13 and the middle rotating shaft of the armature 10.

[0033] Between the upper yoke 1, the lower yoke 2 and the coil group 3 is insulated by the coil holder 8.

[0034] The outer part of the armature 10 is injection-molded with an armature frame 11. The top of the armature frame 11 is made with a contact spring connection end 17. On both sides of the middle of the armature frame 11, middle rotating shafts of the armature protruding outward are made. The wall thickness of the armature frame 11 allows the magnetic path to pass through.

[0035] Embodiment 1

[0036] See Figures 1-5 , the present invention is an electromagnetic structure of a permanent magnet balanced armature type relay, including an upper yoke 1, a lower yoke 2, a coil group 3, an armature group 4, a permanent magnet group 5 and an outer frame 6. Among them, the coil group 3 is composed of an iron core 7, a coil holder 8 and a coil 9. The armature group 4 is composed of an armature 10 and an armature frame 11. The permanent magnet group 5 is composed of a permanent magnet 12, a magnetic conduction member 13 and a permanent magnet frame 14.

[0037] See Figure 3 , the coil 9 is wound on the coil holder 8, and the coil holder 8 is sleeved on the iron core 7 to form the coil group 3. The coil group 3 is assembled between the upper yoke 1 and the lower yoke 2. Between the yoke and the coil group 3 is insulated by the coil holder 8. The material of the coil holder 8 is engineering plastic.

[0038] See Figure 4 , the armature 10 is in a flat plate shape. Its outer part is injection-molded with an armature frame 11 to form the armature group 4. The upper and lower ends of the armature 10 are exposed. The middle part and the back part are embedded in the armature frame 11. On both ends of the middle of the armature frame 11, middle rotating shafts protruding outward are made. The middle rotating shafts are inserted into the clamping grooves of the outer frame 6. The armature group 4 is limited by cooperating with the outer frame 6. The armature group 4 can rotate within a certain range and is limited in the rotation direction by the upper yoke 1 and the lower yoke 2. The upper and lower ends of the armature 10 are separately in separated or closed contact with the upper yoke 1 and the lower yoke 2. At the same time, on the premise of not affecting the rotation, the armature group 4 is as close to the magnetic conduction member 13 as possible.

[0039] See Figure 5, the magnetic conduction part 13 and the magnet 12 are fixedly combined in the magnet frame 14 to form a magnet group 5, and the magnet group 5 is placed on the lower yoke 2. The material of the magnet 12 is neodymium iron boron, samarium cobalt or aluminum nickel cobalt.

[0040] See Figure 2 , Figure 9 , the upper yoke 1, the lower yoke 2 and the magnet group 5 are all limited and fixed by the outer frame 6. A contact spring system is provided in the outer frame 6, and the reaction force of the contact spring system is applied to the armature group 4, and is matched with the suction force generated by the electromagnetic system to realize the operation of the relay. The relay suction and reaction force matching diagram is as Figure 9 shown.

[0041] The working principle of the present invention:

[0042] The permanent magnet balanced armature type electromagnetic structure of the present invention contains a magnet 12, which is a key part of the electromagnetic system. The electromagnetic system contains two working air gaps, one small and one large. When the coil group 3 is not energized, see Figure 6 , the magnetic flux at the small air gap must be greater than the magnetic flux at the large air gap, the magnetic field force at the small air gap is greater than the magnetic field force at the large air gap. In the released state, the armature group 4 contacts the lower yoke 2, and under the action of the permanent magnet suction force, the armature group 4 can be kept in the released position. Since the armature group 4 is in the permanent magnet magnetic circuit of the small air gap when contacting the lower yoke 2, the permanent magnet suction force between the armature group 4 and the lower yoke 2 is relatively large, which better improves the environmental resistance performance of the relay in the released state.

[0043] When the coil group 3 is energized, see Figure 7 , the electromagnetic suction force begins to act on the electromagnetic system. The magnetic field direction generated by the coil group 3 is opposite to the magnetic field direction generated at the small air gap and the same as the magnetic field direction at the large air gap. As the energizing current increases, the holding force between the armature group 4 and the lower yoke 2 at the small air gap gradually decreases, and the holding force between the armature group 4 and the upper yoke 1 at the large air gap gradually increases until the magnetic field force between the armature group 4 and the upper yoke 1 is greater than the sum of the reaction force and the holding force between the armature group 4 and the lower yoke 2, and the armature group 4 begins to rotate until the armature group 4 contacts the upper yoke 1 and reaches the attracted position, completing the attraction process. Since the permanent magnet magnetic circuit direction between the armature group 4 and the upper yoke 1 is the same as the electromagnetic magnetic circuit direction, and at the same time the permanent magnet magnetic circuit direction between the armature group 4 and the lower yoke 2 is opposite to the electromagnetic magnetic circuit direction, the power consumption required by the coil is greatly reduced.

[0044] When the coil group 3 cuts off the current, see Figure 8 , the electromagnetic suction force decreases. Due to the existence of the reaction force in the contact spring system, when the magnetic holding force between the armature group 4 and the upper yoke 1 is less than the sum of the reaction force and the magnetic field force between the armature group 4 and the lower yoke 2, the armature group 4 begins to rotate under the action of the reaction force and the suction force of the permanent magnet magnetic circuit of the large air gap until the armature group 4 contacts the lower yoke 2 and reaches the released position, completing the release process.

[0045] The present invention adopts a permanent magnet electromagnetic structure, which is divided into a yoke iron group, a coil group, an armature, a permanent magnet and a magnetic conduction part, wherein the upper and lower yoke irons are used as the yoke iron group. In the power-off release state, the armature contacts with the lower yoke iron, and when it is energized and turns to the suction position, the armature contacts with the upper yoke iron. The contact area between the lower yoke iron and the armature is small, so a large holding force can be provided under the action of the permanent magnet circuit, thereby improving the anti-vibration and anti-shock capabilities of the relay in the release state, and greatly reducing the bounce of the normally closed contact; in the suction state, the contact area between the armature and the upper yoke iron is large, and the suction force generated by the magnetic circuit after the coil is powered off is small, which is beneficial to improving the release voltage and reducing the debugging difficulty; at the same time, due to the presence of the permanent magnet mechanism, the power consumption and volume of the electromagnetic relay are reduced, the part structure and cost of the relay are reduced, and the sensitivity and stability of the relay are improved.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet balanced armature type relay electromagnetic structure, comprising an upper yoke (1), a lower yoke (2), a coil group (3), an iron core (7), a coil holder (8), a coil (9), an armature (10), and a permanent magnet (12). The coil (9) is provided on the coil holder (8), the iron core (7) is disposed within the coil (9) to form the coil group (3), and the coil group (3) is placed between the upper yoke (1) and the lower yoke (2), characterized in that: The armature (10) is placed on one side of the upper and lower yokes. The middle part of the armature (10) is rotationally supported on an outer frame (6) via a rotating shaft. The two ends of the armature (10) are respectively arranged to be open and close with the upper yoke (1) and the lower yoke (2). The magnet (12) is arranged on the lower yoke (2) and is connected to the middle part of the armature (10) via a magnetic conduction member (13). The magnet (12) is close to the armature near one end of the lower yoke (2). The bottom of the magnetic conduction member (13) is in contact with the lower yoke (2), and there is a distance between the top of the magnetic conduction member (13) and the upper yoke (1). The magnet (12) and the lower part of the armature (10) form a first magnetic flux circuit, and the upper yoke (1), the iron core (7), the lower yoke (2), the magnet (12) and the upper part of the armature (10) form a second magnetic flux circuit. The directions of the first magnetic flux circuit and the second magnetic flux circuit are opposite. After the coil is energized, a coil magnetic flux circuit is formed from the upper yoke (1), the iron core (7), the lower yoke (2), the lower part to the upper part of the armature (10). The direction of the coil magnetic flux circuit is opposite to that of the first magnetic flux circuit and the same as that of the second magnetic flux circuit.

2. The electromagnetic structure of a permanent magnet balanced armature type relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic conduction member (13) is of a frame structure, and magnetic conduction member connection ends (15) protruding outwards are arranged on both sides of its upper end. The magnet (12) is placed on the magnetic conduction member (13), and the magnetic conduction member connection ends (15) are connected to both sides of the armature above the middle rotating shaft.

3. The electromagnetic structure of a permanent magnet balanced armature relay according to claim 2, characterized in that: On the frame structure of the magnetic conduction member (13), a receiving groove (16) for receiving the middle rotating shaft of the armature (10) is arranged below the magnetic conduction member connection ends (15).

4. An electromagnetic structure of a permanent magnet balanced armature type relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: Connection bosses protruding outwards are respectively arranged on both sides of the ends of the upper yoke (1), the lower yoke (2) and the magnetic conduction member (13). Card slots matching with the above connection bosses and the middle rotating shaft of the armature (10) are arranged on the outer frame (6) to limit the upper yoke (1), the lower yoke (2), the magnetic conduction member (13) and the middle rotating shaft of the armature (10).

5. The electromagnetic structure of a permanent magnet balanced armature relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper yoke (1), the lower yoke (2) and the coil group (3) are insulated by a coil holder (8).

6. The electromagnetic structure of a permanent magnet balanced armature type relay according to claim 1, wherein: An armature frame (11) is injection-molded outside the armature (10). A contact spring connection end (17) connected to the contact spring of the outer frame (6) is arranged at the top of the armature frame (11). Armature middle rotating shafts protruding outwards are arranged on both sides of the middle part of the armature frame (11). The wall thickness of the armature frame (11) allows the magnetic circuit to pass through.

Images