Bullet plunger

Abstract

The bullet plunger belongs to the technical field of gas well equipment, and in particular to a bullet plunger. The present invention provides a bullet plunger with good use effect. The bullet plunger 100 of the present invention includes a plunger shaft 110-2, characterized in that a spring 110-5 is arranged on the outer wall of the plunger shaft 110-2, a spring 110-4 is arranged between the inner wall of the spring 110-5 and the outer wall of the plunger shaft 110-2, the inner end of the spring 110-4 is against the outer wall of the plunger shaft 110-2, and the outer end of the spring 110-4 is against the inner wall of the spring 110-5.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of gas well equipment, and in particular relates to a bullet plunger. Background Art

[0002] As the gas well continues to produce, the formation pressure is continuously released. Once the gas well production is lower than the critical liquid carrying flow rate, part of the liquid will slip along the oil pipe wall to the bottom of the well, causing the liquid accumulation at the bottom of the well to increase. Over time, the production status of the gas well will gradually change from self-flowing long-open production to intermittent production. The liquid accumulation at the bottom of the well will not only affect the production of natural gas, but sometimes even cause the gas well to stop production.

[0003] In order to improve the natural gas recovery rate, extend the life cycle of gas wells, and increase the production of gas wells, it is necessary to remove the accumulated liquid at the bottom of the well. In the past, measures such as foam drainage, nitrogen gas lift and venting operations were generally used to achieve the purpose of drainage, but these measures are costly and pollute the environment. Plunger drainage has low cost, good drainage effect and no pollution to the environment, but the current technology cannot track the stroke of the plunger, so it is impossible to grasp the time of opening and closing the well. Therefore, a device that can detect whether the plunger has reached the wellhead is needed, so it is also necessary to design a bullet plunger that can cooperate well with the device. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims at solving the above problems and provides a bullet plunger with good use effect.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the spring block plunger 100 of the present invention includes a plunger shaft 110-2, characterized in that a spring piece 110-5 is arranged on the outer wall of the plunger shaft 110-2, a spring 110-4 is arranged between the inner wall of the spring piece 110-5 and the outer wall of the plunger shaft 110-2, the inner end of the spring 110-4 is against the outer wall of the plunger shaft 110-2, and the outer end of the spring 110-4 is against the inner wall of the spring piece 110-5.

[0006] As another preferred embodiment, the inner end of the spring 110-4 of the present invention is arranged in a circular groove on the outer wall of the plunger shaft 110-2, and the outer end of the spring 110-4 is arranged in a circular groove on the inner wall of the spring piece 110-5.

[0007] As another preferred embodiment, the elastic sheet 110-5 of the present invention is provided with an upward upper protrusion in the middle of the upper end, and a downward lower protrusion in the middle of the lower end of the elastic sheet 110-5, and a mounting groove is provided on the plunger shaft 110-2 corresponding to the protrusion.

[0008] As another preferred embodiment, the mounting groove of the present invention is extended on the outer wall of the outer convex annular flange on the plunger shaft 110 - 2 .

[0009] As another preferred solution, the protrusion in the present invention is a semi-circular protrusion, and the installation groove is a semi-circular groove.

[0010] As another preferred solution, multiple groups of the elastic pieces 110-5 in the present invention are arranged vertically, and each group includes a plurality of elastic pieces 110-5 arranged circumferentially. The upper end of the plunger shaft 110-2 is threadedly connected to the top cap 110-6, and the lower end of the plunger shaft 110-2 is threadedly connected to the bottom cap 110-1. The inner wall of the lower end of the top cap 110-6 abuts against the outer wall of the upper end of the uppermost elastic piece group, and the inner wall of the upper end of the bottom cap 110-1 abuts against the outer wall of the lower end of the lowermost elastic piece group;

[0011] A plurality of snap rings 110-3 arranged circumferentially are provided between adjacent elastic piece groups. The inner walls of the snap rings 110-3 respectively abut against the outer wall of the lower end of the upper elastic piece group and the outer wall of the upper end of the lower elastic piece group, and the snap rings 110-3 are fixedly connected to the plunger shaft 110-2.

[0012] As another preferred solution, two groups of the elastic pieces 110-5 in the present invention are arranged vertically, and each group includes three elastic pieces 110-5 arranged circumferentially.

[0013] As another preferred solution, the snap ring 110-3 in the present invention is welded to the plunger shaft 110-2.

[0014] As another preferred solution, the elastic piece 110-5 is in the shape of an arc-shaped vertical plate. One side of the middle part of the elastic piece 110-5 in the vertical direction extends outward to form an insertion plate, and the other side of the middle part of the elastic piece 110-5 in the vertical direction has a slot. The length of the lower end of the slot extending outward is greater than the length of the upper end of the slot extending outward, and the length of the lower end of the insertion plate is greater than the length of the upper end of the insertion plate.

[0015] As another preferred solution, the central angle of the elastic piece 110-5 in the present invention is 120 degrees.

[0016] As another preferred solution, a groove with a C-shaped cross-section is provided on the inner wall of the middle part of the elastic piece 110-5 in the vertical direction, and an arc-shaped flange corresponding to the C-shaped groove is provided on the plunger shaft 110-2.

[0017] Secondly, the top cap 110-6 in the present invention includes a vertically upward cylindrical body. The outer wall of the upper end of the upper cylinder extends outward to form a flange. The lower end of the upper cylinder is connected to the upper end of a regular frustum. The upper end surface of the frustum coincides with the lower end surface of the upper cylinder. The lower end of the frustum is connected to the upper end of a lower cylindrical body. The lower end surface of the frustum coincides with the upper end surface of the lower cylinder. A reverse T-shaped hole is provided in the middle of the bottom surface of the lower cylinder. The inner wall of the upper part of the reverse T-shaped hole has threads. The lower part of the reverse T-shaped hole corresponds to the outer convex annular flange with an installation groove at the uppermost end of the plunger shaft 110-2. The inner wall of the lower end of the reverse T-shaped hole protrudes towards the middle to form an annular flange.

[0018] In addition, the bottom cap 110-1 described in the present invention includes a lower inverted frustum body, the upper end of the inverted frustum body is connected to the lower end of the cylinder, the lower end face of the cylinder coincides with the upper end face of the inverted frustum body, a T-shaped hole is arranged in the middle of the upper end face of the cylinder, the lower inner wall of the T-shaped hole is threaded, the upper part of the T-shaped hole corresponds to the outer convex annular flange of the mounting groove arranged at the lower end of the plunger shaft 110-2, and the inner wall of the upper end of the T-shaped hole bulges toward the middle to form an annular flange.

[0019] The invention has beneficial effects.

[0020] The plunger of the present invention pushes the spring 110-5 to the maximum diameter state by means of the spring 110-4. The plunger 100 moves up and down in the downhole casing, with a one-way distance of about 3,000 meters. During this process, the plunger needs to be close to the casing wall at all times to achieve a sealing effect and discharge the bottom-hole liquid from the wellhead. Considering the complex downhole conditions and the difference in roundness at different positions of the casing, the spring block structure can be used to automatically adjust the outer diameter of the spring block according to different sizes at different positions. At the same time, it can avoid the plunger outer diameter being slightly larger and causing interference fit with the casing and getting stuck. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following description.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the plunger structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is an exploded view of the plunger of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the plunger shaft structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the plunger shrapnel of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the in-place sensing control system of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a main sectional view of the control instrument structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 It is the layout diagram of the controller of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 It is the appearance diagram of the controller of the present invention.

[0030] Fig. 9 It is the appearance diagram of the controller of the present invention without the control panel.

[0031] Fig.10 , 11 It is the flow diagram of the electric valve of the controller in different states of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.12 This is the 12V circuit wiring diagram of the controller of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.13 This is the 6V circuit wiring diagram of the controller of the present invention.

[0034] Fig.14 The present invention is a circuit diagram of the display part of the control instrument circuit board.

[0035] Fig.15 The invention discloses an EEPROM circuit schematic diagram of a controller circuit board.

[0036] Fig.16 It is a circuit schematic diagram of the 10485 serial port portion of the controller circuit board of the present invention.

[0037] Fig.17 It is a circuit schematic diagram of the electromagnetic valve driving part of the controller circuit board of the present invention.

[0038] Fig.18 The invention discloses a circuit schematic diagram of a matrix keyboard on a circuit board of a controller.

[0039] Fig.19 The invention discloses a circuit diagram of a single-chip microcomputer of a circuit board of a controller.

[0040] Fig. 20 , 21 It is a circuit principle diagram of the AD conversion part of the controller circuit board of the present invention.

[0041] Fig. 22 The present invention is a circuit diagram of the solar charging management part of the controller circuit board.

[0042] Fig.23 The present invention is a circuit diagram of the wiring terminals of the controller circuit board.

[0043] Fig.24 The present invention is a circuit diagram of the switch quantity input part of the controller circuit board.

[0044] Fig.25 It is a control flow chart of the circuit board of the controller of the present invention.

[0045] Fig.26 It is a main sectional view of the in-place sensor structure of the present invention.

[0046] Fig. 27 It is a side sectional view of the in-place sensor structure of the present invention.

[0047] Fig.28 This is an axonometric diagram of the sensor structure of the present invention.

[0048] Fig.29 , 30It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the in-place sensor and the blowout preventer of the present invention.

[0049] Fig.31 It is the circuit principle diagram of the in-place sensor of the present invention.

[0050] Fig.32 It is a control flow chart of the in-place sensor of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] As shown in the figure, the bullet plunger of the present invention can be applied to a gas well control system, which includes a controller and an in-place sensor. The controller 1 includes a control box 1-2, in which a first battery 6, a 485 splitter 8, a 485 module 11, a solar control panel 4, a step-down module 14, a DTU (Data Transfer Unit) device 7, a circuit board 3, and an electric valve 10 (which can be a CWX 15N electric valve), the upper end of the control box 1-2 is provided with a box cover 1-1 and a control panel 2, the control box 1-2 is provided with an air pipe joint 12, the air pipe joint 12 is connected to the electric valve 10, the control signal output port of the circuit board 3 is connected to the control signal input port of the electric valve 10, the power port of the circuit board 3 is connected to the output port of the step-down module 14, the input port of the step-down module 14 is connected to the output port of the solar control panel 4, the power port of the solar control panel 4 is connected to the battery, the input port of the solar control panel 4 is respectively connected to the IN2 port of the solar panel 15 and the 485 module 11, the IN1 of the 485 module 11 is connected to the battery, the power port of the 485 module 11 is connected to the battery, the A+ and B- ports of the 485 module 11 are connected to the 485 first transmission port of the circuit board 3 through the 485 splitter, the 485 second transmission port of the circuit board 3 is connected to the 485 transmission port of the DTU device 7, and the power port of the DTU device 7 is connected to the power port of the circuit board 3;

[0052] Or the controller 1 includes a control box 1-2, in which a second battery, a 485 splitter 8, a DTU device 7, a circuit board 3, and an electric valve 10 are arranged, a box cover 1-1 and a control panel 2 are arranged on the upper end of the control box 1-2, a trachea joint 12 is arranged on the control box 1-2, the trachea joint 12 is connected to the electric valve 10, a control signal output port of the circuit board 3 is connected to a control signal input port of the electric valve 10, a power port of the circuit board 3 is connected to a 6V battery, a 485 splitter is connected to a 485 first transmission port of the circuit board 3, a 485 second transmission port of the circuit board 3 is connected to a 485 transmission port of the DTU device 7, a power port of the DTU device 7 is connected to a power port of the circuit board 3, and a solar panel interface of the circuit board 3 is connected to a solar panel 15;

[0053] The in-place sensor comprises a shell 102, an end cap 101 is arranged on the opening side of the shell 102, the shell 102 is connected to the end cap 101 by a fastener, a circuit board 104 is arranged in the shell 102, and a threading hole is arranged on the shell 102; the circuit board 104 comprises a signal transceiver part, a power supply part, an indication part, a single-chip microcomputer and a magnetic field sensor, the signal transmission port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the signal transmission port of the signal transceiver part, the indication signal output port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the signal input port of the indication part, the detection signal input port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the detection signal output port of the magnetic field sensor, and the electric energy output port of the power supply part is respectively connected to the power port of the signal transceiver part, the power port of the indication part, the power port of the single-chip microcomputer, and the power port of the magnetic field sensor;

[0054] The signal transmission port of the signal transceiver part is connected to the signal transmission port of the 485 module 11.

[0055] The gas well control system of the present invention can simultaneously collect parameters of multiple wells, process, and package them and send them to the platform through the 485 signal line (the controller 1 communicates with the control platform through the 485 module 11). The operator can read the data of multiple wells at the same time on the platform and remotely control the opening and closing of the wells through the platform, thereby reducing the workload, saving labor and transportation costs, and improving work efficiency.

[0056] The in-place sensor of the gas well control system of the present invention monitors the in-place status of the plunger through a magnetic field sensor, which is convenient for real-time background monitoring and eliminates the need to go to the site every day to check whether the plunger is stuck or other unexpected situations occur.

[0057] The first battery is a 12V battery, and the second battery is a 6V battery.

[0058] The in-place sensor uses a magnetic field sensor (the plunger material can be 35CrMo) to detect changes in magnetic field strength and then determine whether a plunger has passed. When a plunger passes, the magnetic field sensor will detect changes in magnetic field strength and send a plunger in-place signal to the host computer through the signal transceiver.

[0059] Figure 8 This is a 12V circuit wiring diagram. Pins ① and ② of the circuit board 3 are power supply interfaces and require 6V power supply. The battery 6 is 12V DC. The 12V power supply is connected to the step-down module 14 to reduce the voltage to 6V for use. The solar control panel 4 is connected to the battery 6 and the solar panel 15 at the same time so that the solar panel 15 charges the 12V battery 6 and provides a 12V power supply to connect to the step-down module 14.

[0060] One end of the 485 splitter 8 is connected to the corresponding pin of the circuit board 3 One end is connected to the 485 module 11 and other sensors and can expand multiple channels to collect multi-well temperature, pressure temperature, and flow data at the same time. The circuit board 3 can control up to 64 channels. The advantage of the 485 bus connection is that all sensors can be connected in parallel and the collected data do not interfere with each other. The 485 module 11 is powered by the battery 6 and can collect information status of the battery 6 and the solar panel at the same time.

[0061] Pins ⑨⑩ of circuit board 3 are connected to DTU7 to provide 5V power. The pin is connected to the DTU7 data transceiver port for data transmission. DTU has a built-in IoT card, which uses the IoT to transmit data to the platform.

[0062] Pins ③ and ⑤ of the circuit board 3 are connected to the electric valve 10 to provide it with positive and negative 5V electricity to control its flow direction.

[0063] The battery adopts a 12V battery; it is convenient for long-term use and takes up little space.

[0064] A short transverse partition plate 1-5 extending inward is arranged at the middle of the upper end of the inner wall on one side of the control box 1-2, and a long transverse partition plate 1-3 extending inward is arranged at the upper end of the inner wall on the other side of the control box 1-2. The battery 6 is arranged at the front side close to the long partition plate 1-3, and the battery 6 is arranged below the long partition plate 1-3. The 485 splitter 8 is arranged at the front side close to the partition plate 1-5. The solar control panel 4, the step-down module 14, and the DTU device 7 are arranged at the lower part of the rear wall of the control box 1-2; the solar control panel 4, the step-down module 14, and the DTU device 7 are arranged horizontally, and the solar control panel 4 is close to the On the side of the long partition board 1-3, the DTU device 7 is close to the side of the short partition board 1-5, and the step-down module 14 is arranged between the solar control panel 4 and the DTU device 7; the lower ends of both sides of the control panel 2 are placed on the upper ends of the long partition board 1-3 and the short partition board 1-5, and are connected by fasteners; a circuit board 3 is arranged above the battery 6, and the wiring terminals of the circuit board 3 and the control panel 2 are arranged at the lower end of the circuit board 3 near the short partition board 1-5 side; the air pipe joint 12 is arranged in the middle of the side wall of the control box 1-2 on the short partition board 1-5 side and extends outward, and the air pipe joint 12 and the electric valve 10 are arranged below the short partition board 1-5.

[0065] The control panel 2 is installed on the upper layer of the partition plates 1-3 and 1-5 through screw holes. The control panel 2 is provided with buttons that can be used to set parameters and control the switch well.

[0066] The partition plates 1-3 and 1-5 divide the control box 1 into two layers, and the battery 6 is placed on the bottom layer.

[0067] The battery 6 is fixed in the control box 1-2 by a pressing plate 5. The pressing plate 5 is a horizontal L-shape. The upper horizontal plate of the pressing plate 5 is pressed on the middle of the upper end of the battery 6. The length direction of the upper horizontal plate is perpendicular to the length direction of the long partition plate 1-3. The lower vertical plate of the pressing plate 5 is arranged on the side away from the long partition plate 1-3. The lower vertical plate corresponds to the inner wall of the battery 6. The lower end of the lower vertical plate is bent outward, and a vertical through hole is provided at the outer bent portion. A connecting column is provided on the bottom plate of the control box 1-2 below the outer bend, and a threaded hole is provided at the upper end of the connecting column. The bolt passes through the vertical through hole and is screwed into the threaded hole; the outer end of the upper horizontal plate is bent upward, and the upward bent portion is fixed to the side wall of the control box 1-2 below the long partition plate 1-3 by bolts.

[0068] One end of the pressure plate 5 is connected to the top surface of the control box 1 with screws, and the other end is connected to the bottom surface of the control box 1 with screws, which is used to press the battery 6 to prevent the battery 6 from moving during use, causing a short circuit or crushing other components.

[0069] The length of the long partition board 1-3 is 250mm, and screw holes are set on both sides; the length of the short partition board 1-5 is 25mm. There are many modules, and most of the wiring of each module needs to pass through the circuit board 3. The wiring terminals of the circuit board 3 are facing the partition board 1-5. The circuit board 3 is placed upward. After the wiring is connected and tested, the control board 2 is turned over and the circuit board 3 is placed downward. The short partition board 1-5 is used to avoid pressing the internal wiring wires to cause short circuits during the flipping of the circuit board 2, and prevent the wiring wires from being pressed down. At the same time, it is convenient to adjust the position of the wiring wires while closing the control panel 2.

[0070] The 485 splitter 8 is installed on a guide rail 9, and the guide rail 9 is set on the bottom plate of the control box 1-2 by screws.

[0071] The 485 splitter 8 adopts the Chenchuan FM02-05D splitter, and the guide rail 9 adopts the C45 national standard guide rail.

[0072] The solar control panel 4, the step-down module 14, and the DTU device 7 are all fixed to the rear wall of the control box 1-2 through through holes and fasteners.

[0073] The control panel 2 is provided with buttons for setting parameters and controlling switches.

[0074] The control panel 2 is provided with a connecting column extending downward, a threaded hole is provided at the lower end of the connecting column, and a through hole is provided on the circuit board 3 corresponding to the threaded hole, and a bolt passes through the through hole and is screwed into the threaded hole.

[0075] The combination of the connecting column, the threaded hole and the bolt is four groups, which are arranged at the four corners of the circuit board 3.

[0076] The inner surface of the box cover 1-1 is pasted with a silicone foam board, and the upper end surface of the box cover 1-1 is pasted with a silicone foam strip. One side of the box cover 1-1 is connected to one side of the control box 1-2 through a hinge, and the other side of the box cover 1-1 is connected to the other side of the control box 1-2 through a compression lock (heavy-duty adjustable buckle can be used). The control box 1 is sealed to prevent rainwater from entering the box and causing a short circuit.

[0077] A silicone foam board is pasted on the plane of the box cover 1-1. After the box cover 1-1 is closed, the silicone foam board is squeezed by the end faces of the box covers 1-1 and 1-2 to seal, so as to prevent water from entering the box in rainy and snowy weather or sand from entering the box in other bad weather. A sealing strip is pasted on the contact surface of the box cover 1-1 and the box body 1-2 to prevent rainwater from entering the box.

[0078] The inner end of the air pipe joint 12 passes through the through hole on the side wall of the control box 1-2 and has an external thread, a nut is screwed on the external thread, and the inner end of the nut is against the inner wall of the control box 1-2; the electric valve 10 is screwed into the air pipe joint 12 and fixed, and the electric valve 10 is a three-way electric valve ( Figure 6 , 7 The lateral port in the middle of the three-way electric valve is connected to the pneumatic diaphragm valve E2HPMV-1).

[0079] Figure 6 , 7 The middle air pipe joint 12 is connected to two horizontal pipes at the same time. The left sides of the two pipes are connected to the casing pressure outlet at the bottom of the well. The pressure at the bottom of the well will provide a certain amount of power. The right side is directly connected to the atmosphere for pressure relief. The air pipe joint 12 is also connected to the three-way electric valve 10. The air pipe joint 12 plays a role of a transfer. The three-way electric valve 10 can directly connect the air pipe to the corresponding interface through a reducer. Considering the issues of fixation and aesthetics, the air pipe joint 12 is designed. The two horizontal ports at the bottom of the air pipe joint 12 are not connected. There is a 3mm vertical hole above the bottom of the left port that directly leads to the lower port of the electric valve. There is a 3mm vertical hole above the bottom of the right port (this port leads to the atmosphere) that is connected to the upper horizontal hole of the air pipe joint. The upper port of the electric valve is connected to the upper horizontal hole of the air pipe joint. Figure 6 When positive electricity is connected, the electric valve is connected in the vertical direction. Under the action of casing pressure, the underground gas flows into the air pipe through the 3mm vertical hole on the left side of the air pipe joint and the vertical hole of the electric valve, and then flows into the atmosphere through the 3mm vertical hole on the right side of the air pipe joint. Figure 7 When negative electricity is connected, the middle lateral port of the solenoid valve is connected to the bottom port of the electric valve, and the sleeve pressure flows to the pneumatic diaphragm valve through this path.

[0080] The circuit board 3 is used to control the flow direction of the oil pressure (casing pressure) output from the bottom of the well. One end of the three-way electric valve is connected to the atmosphere, and the other end is connected to other control equipment (pneumatic diaphragm valve). When the circuit board 3 gives negative electricity to the electric valve 10, the airflow will flow to other pneumatic control equipment (pneumatic diaphragm valve), and when the electric valve 10 is positively charged, the airflow will be discharged into the atmosphere.

[0081] The circuit board 3 includes a display part, an EEPROM, a matrix keyboard, a single-chip microcomputer, a 485 serial port part, an AD conversion part (the AD conversion part is a reserved part for standby use. When in normal use, the detection signal is received through the 485 module, such as oil pressure, casing pressure, back pressure, temperature and other information), a switch input part (the switch input part is a reserved part. When in normal use, the detection signal is received through the 485 module, such as oil pressure, casing pressure, back pressure, temperature and other information), a solenoid valve drive part, a solar charging management part and a wiring terminal. The display signal transmission port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the display part, and the storage signal transmission port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the EEPROM. The single-chip computer is connected to the PROM, the keyboard signal transmission port of the single-chip computer is connected to the matrix keyboard, the information transmission port of the single-chip computer is connected to the 485 serial port part, the switch quantity receiving port of the single-chip computer is connected to the switch quantity input part, the drive signal output port of the single-chip computer is connected to the solenoid valve drive part, the detection signal input port of the single-chip computer is connected to the signal output port of the solar charging management part through the AD conversion part, and the wiring terminals are respectively connected to the battery, the output port of the solenoid valve drive part, the input port of the AD conversion part, the input port of the switch quantity input part, the input port of the 485 serial port part, and the solar panel input port of the solar charging management part.

[0082] The single chip microcomputer sets the communication parameters after reading the parameters in the EEPROM, and then enters the cyclic monitoring state;

[0083] Monitor whether the host computer sends a read command through the serial port; if so, return data according to the standard MODBUS command sent, control the solenoid valve switch, and cut off the power supply; if not, cut off the power supply;

[0084] Is there any input on the keyboard? If there is no input, the power is cut off; if there is input, the control action is executed according to the instruction and the power is cut off;

[0085] Display the production data on the display section and cut off the power supply;

[0086] Collect the working voltage of the battery and solar panel and cut off the power supply;

[0087] The oil pressure, casing pressure and back pressure data are collected through the 485 serial port, and the power supply is cut off.

[0088] Setting the communication parameters

[0089]

[0090] Entering the loop monitoring state

[0091]

[0092]

[0093] Set register port bits

[0094] Nested if else conditional statements

[0095]

[0096] The text description of the above programming language is as follows:

[0097] Setting communication parameters

[0098] The LCD screen displays "OPEN 006:00:00" when the computer is turned on.

[0099] The LCD screen displays "CLOSE 006:00:00" when the power is turned off.

[0100] Define address, voltage, hydraulic pressure, mode, pressure

[0101] Entering the loop monitoring state

[0102] If the value of t05 is 0, execute by default

[0103] If the wellhead material, thickness, etc. change due to different usage environments, the magnetic field strength value will be automatically generated through the loop.

[0104] Set register port bits

[0105] Here is to select the working mode for the MCU's IO port. Generally, there are high-impedance input, quasi-bidirectional IO port, open drain, push-pull output, etc. The enhanced type can assign values ​​to registers to set the working mode. 0x00 is used for quasi-bidirectional IO port.

[0106] if-else nested statements

[0107] If the t0up value is 0, the timing is started. If the duration is greater than or equal to the check time, the timing is reset to zero and the checkpos value is 0. If the checkpos value is less than or equal to 2, the sensor sends the starting address and checkpos. If checkpos is greater than 2, it is reset to zero.

[0108] If the start flag is 0, the timer is greater than 0 and decrements. If setstate and viewstate are both 0, input (1, timer), otherwise, the timer stops timing, the start flag stops, and if the signal is 0, out is in the on state and out2 is in the off state.

[0109] The display part adopts LCD1601 chip U1, pin 1 of U1 is connected to GND and one end of capacitor C1 respectively, the other end of C1 is connected to +5V and pin 2 of U1 respectively, pin 3 of U1 is connected to the adjustment end of variable resistor R3, one end of R3 is grounded, and the other end of R3 is connected to +5V through thermistor RT1, and pins 4 to 16 of U1 are connected to P4.3, P5.4, P4.4, P2.0, P2.1, P2.2, P2.3, P2.4, P2.5, P2.6, P2.7, +5V, and GND respectively.

[0110] The EEPROM adopts AT24C08 chip U3, pins 1 to 4 of U3 are connected to GND and connected to +5V, pin 8 of U3, one end of resistor R12 and one end of resistor R13 through capacitor C2 respectively, the other end of R12 is connected to pin 6 of U3 and P1.4 respectively, the other end of R13 is connected to pin 5 of U3 and P1.5 respectively, and pin 7 of U3 is connected to GND.

[0111] The matrix keyboard includes a 2.54 bent pin matrix key J1, pins 1 to 8 of J1 are respectively connected to P0.0 to P0.7, P0.4 to P0.7 are respectively connected to pins 5 to 8 of resistor array RP1, pins 1 to 4 of RP1 are connected to +5V, P0.0 to P0.3 are respectively connected to pins 5 to 8 of resistor array RP2, and pins 1 to 4 of RP2 are connected to +5V.

[0112] The single-chip microcomputer adopts STC15W408S chip U2, pins 1 to 5 of U2 are respectively connected to P0.5 to P0.7, P1.0, and P1.1, pins 7 to 11 of U2 are respectively connected to P1.2 to P1.5 and P1.6 RXD, pins 12 to 14, 16, and 18 to 22 of U2 are respectively connected to P1.7 TXD, P5.4, +5V, GND, RXD, TXD, P3.2, P3.3, and P3.4, pins 23 to 33 of U2 are respectively connected to P3.5, P3.6 RXD2, P3.7 TXD2, P4.1 to P4.4, and P2.0 to P2.3, pins 34 to 37 and 40 to 44 of U2 are respectively connected to P2.4 to P2.7 and P0.0 to P0.4;

[0113] Pins 1 to 4 of connector J4 are connected to +5V, RXD, TXD, and GND respectively. +5V is connected to one end of capacitor C24, the positive electrode of capacitor C17, and the positive electrode of capacitor C16 respectively. The other end of C24 is connected to the negative electrode of C17 and the negative electrode of C16 respectively.

[0114] The 485 serial port part includes SP485EEN chips U10 and U11, pin 1 of U10 is connected to P3.6 RXD2, pin 2 of U10 is respectively connected to pin 3 of S8550 transistor Q15, pin 3 of U10 and one end of resistor R39, the other end of R39 is connected to GND, pin 2 of Q15 is connected to +5V, pin 1 of Q15 is respectively connected to P3.7 RXD2 and pin 4 of U10 through resistor R38; pin 5 of U10 is respectively connected to GND and one end of resistor R41, the other end of R41 is respectively connected to pin 7 of U10 and 485B1, pin 6 of U10 is respectively connected to 485A1 and one end of resistor R40, the other end of R40 is respectively connected to +5V and pin 8 of U10;

[0115] Pin 1 of U11 is connected to P1.6 RXD2, pin 2 of U11 is connected to pin 3 of S8550 transistor Q17, pin 3 of U11 and one end of resistor R35 respectively, the other end of R35 is connected to GND, pin 2 of Q17 is connected to +5V, pin 1 of Q17 is connected to P1.7 RXD2 and pin 4 of U11 respectively through resistor R34; pin 5 of U11 is connected to GND and one end of resistor R37 respectively, the other end of R37 is connected to pin 7 of U11 and 485B2 respectively, pin 6 of U11 is connected to 485A2 and one end of resistor R36 respectively, the other end of R36 is connected to +5V and pin 8 of U11 respectively.

[0116] The AD conversion part includes an ADS1115 chip U4 and a TLC08321D chip U8, pins 1 and 3 of U4 are connected to GND, pin 4 of U4 is connected to AIN0 through a resistor R47, pin 5 of U4 is connected to AIN1 through a resistor R46, pin 6 of U4 is connected to AIN2 through a resistor R48, pin 7 of U4 is respectively connected to GND and one end of a capacitor C27, the other end of C27 is respectively connected to pin 8 of U4, +5V, one end of a resistor R42, and one end of a resistor R45, the other end of R42 is connected to pin 10 of U4, and the other end of R45 is connected to pin 9 of U4;

[0117] Pins 1 to 7 of U8 are connected to P1.0, CH0, CH1, GND, P1.3, P1.2, and P1.1 respectively. Pin 8 of U8 is connected to +5V, one end of capacitor C26, and one end of capacitor C13 respectively. The other end of C26 is connected to the other end of C13 and GND respectively.

[0118] The switch input part adopts PC817 chip U12, pin 1 of U12 is connected to +5V through resistor R43, pin 2 of U12 is connected to K1, pin 3 of U12 is connected to GND, pin 4 of U12 is respectively connected to one end of resistor R44 and P3.2, and the other end of R44 is connected to +5V.

[0119] The solenoid valve driving part includes a resistor R32 and a resistor R30, one end of R32 is connected to P4.1, the other end of R32 is connected to pin 1 of S8050 transistor Q9, pin 2 of Q9 is connected to GND, pin 3 of Q9 is respectively connected to one end of resistor R33 and pin 1 of NTD2955 tube Q10 through resistor R55, the other end of R33 is respectively connected to VCC and pin 3 of Q10, pin 2 of Q10 is respectively connected to A CLOSE and one end of capacitor C19, and the other end of C19 is connected to GND;

[0120] One end of R30 is connected to P4.2, and the other end of R30 is connected to pin 1 of S8050 transistor Q7. Pin 2 of Q7 is connected to GND. Pin 3 of Q7 is connected to one end of resistor R31 and pin 1 of NTD2955 tube Q8 through resistor R56. The other end of R31 is connected to VCC and pin 3 of Q8 respectively. Pin 2 of Q8 is connected to A OPEN and one end of capacitor C18 respectively. The other end of C18 is connected to GND.

[0121] The solar charging management part includes V+, V+ is connected to the positive electrode of capacitor C11 and one end of capacitor C12 respectively, and the negative electrode of C11 is connected to GND and the other end of C12 respectively;

[0122] Pin 2 of SST3904 transistor Q3 is connected to GND and one end of resistor R24 ​​respectively, the other end of R24 is connected to pin 1 of Q3 and one end of resistor R23 respectively, the other end of R23 is connected to pin 7 of LM2904 chip U7, pin 4 of U7 is connected to GND, pin 8 of U7 is connected to V+, pin 5 of U7 is connected to pin 2 of U7 and pin 1 of U7 respectively, pin 3 of U7 is connected to one end of resistor R20 and one end of resistor R19A respectively, the other end of R20 is connected to GND, the other end of R19A is connected to one end of resistor R19B and one end of thermistor RT19 respectively, the other end of R19B is connected to V+ and the other end of RT19 respectively;

[0123] Pin 6 of U7 is connected to one end of resistor R22, one end of resistor R21 and one end of capacitor C14 respectively. The other end of R22 is connected to GND. The other end of R21 is connected to the other end of C14, one end of fuse F2 and pin 3 of SI2337DS chip Q4 respectively. The other end of F2 is connected to BAT+. Pin 1 of Q4 is connected to one end of resistor R16 and pin 3 of Q3 respectively. The other end of R16 is connected to pin 2 of Q4 and cathode of diode D5 respectively. Anode of D5 is connected to anode of diode D8, one end of resistor R14 and SOLAR+ respectively. Cathode of D8 is connected to one end of capacitor C10, pin 2 of S-812C50AMC chip U5 and pin 5 of U5 respectively. The other end of C10 is connected to GND and pin 1 of U5 respectively. Pin 3 of U5 is connected to V+.

[0124] The other end of R14 is connected to one end of resistor R15 and pin 5 of LM2904 chip U6 respectively. The other end of R15 is connected to GND. Pin 6 of U6 is connected to pin 7 of U6 and CH1 respectively through resistor R18. Pin 8 of U6 is connected to +5V, and pin 4 of U6 is connected to GND.

[0125] The 5th pin of S-812C50AMC chip U9 is connected to the 2nd pin of U9, the positive electrode of capacitor C15, and the cathode of diode D7 respectively. The 3rd pin of U9 is connected to +5V. The negative electrode of C15 is connected to the 1st pin of U9 and GND respectively. The anode of D7 is connected to the cathode of diode D6, one end of resistor R26, and one end of fuse F3 respectively. The anode of D6 is connected to GND. The other end of F3 is connected to VCC and one end of NC respectively. The other end of NC is connected to GND.

[0126] The other end of R26 is connected to one end of resistor R27 and pin 3 of U6 respectively. The other end of R27 is connected to GND. Pin 2 of U6 is connected to pin 1 of U6 and CH0 respectively through resistor R25. +5V is connected to GND through capacitor C25.

[0127] The wiring terminal adopts MKDSN1.5 terminal block J3 and 7-pin connector J2. Pin 1 of J3 is connected to GND. Pin 2 of J3 is connected to pin 2 and BAT+ of M2012SA2W30 switch S1 through fuse F1. Pin 3 of S1 is connected to VCC. Pins 3 to 17 of J3 are connected to A OPEN, GND, A CLOSE, AIN0, AIN1, AIN2, +5V, GND, K1, GND, 485A1, 485B1, 485A2, 485B2, and AUX are connected accordingly. Pin 18 of J3 is connected to pin 3 of BSS84P tube Q6. Pin 2 of Q6 is connected to VCC and one end of resistor R29 respectively. The other end of R29 is connected to pin 1 of Q6 and pin 3 of S8050 tube Q5 respectively. Pin 1 of Q5 is connected to P3.5 through resistor R28, and pin 2 of Q5 is connected to GND. Pins 1, 2, 6, and 7 of J2 are connected to SOLAR+, GND, GND, and AUX respectively.

[0128] The DTU device 7 adopts the Hongdian H7720 4G full-network wireless transmission terminal unit.

[0129] The controller provides power and collects signals for the circuit board 104 of the in-place sensor. The signal line adopts a 485 signal line, which can be expanded to multiple wells to achieve the effect of multiple wells benefit from one well operation.

[0130] The inner wall of the open end of the shell 102 protrudes toward the middle to form an annular flange, and the butt end of the end cover 101 and the shell 102 is provided with an annular groove corresponding to the annular flange. The end cover 101 part at the inner end of the annular groove extends toward the shell 102 and is located on the inner side of the annular flange, and the end face of the extension part corresponds to the lower end face of the annular flange, and a sealing ring 106 is provided in the annular groove.

[0131] A sealing ring 106 is provided to prevent oil and water from entering the inner cavity to contaminate the circuit board 104 and cause a short circuit.

[0132] The sealing ring 106 is an O-type sealing ring.

[0133] The butt joint between the shell 102 and the end cover 101 is provided with a plurality of connection ears arranged along the circumferential direction, and the fastener connects the shell 102 and the end cover 101 via the connection ears.

[0134] A plug 108 is provided at the threading hole, and the signal line of the circuit board 104 and the power line 111 pass through the plug 108 and are connected to the controller.

[0135] The plug 108 is a waterproof plug 108 .

[0136] The plug 108 is arranged on the side wall of the lower end of the shell 102, and the periphery of the threading hole extends downward to form an annular joint. The inner wall of the annular joint is provided with an internal thread connected to the plug 108, and a sealing ring 107 is provided between the end face of the plug 108 on the inner side of the annular joint and the side wall of the shell 102.

[0137] The signal line adopts a 485 signal line.

[0138] The signal transceiver part adopts the SP3485 chip U6, pin 1 of U6 is connected to RXD12, pins 2 and 3 of U6 are connected to RSEN, pin 4 of U6 is connected to TXD12, pin 5 of U6 is grounded, pin 6 of U6 is respectively connected to one end of resistor R14, one end of resistor R10, one end of SMBJ6.8CA tube D4, and one end of resistor R9, the other end of R14 is connected to P3.3D, the other end of D4 is respectively connected to the other end of R10, pin 7 of U6, one end of resistor R11, and one end of resistor R6, the other end of R11 is grounded, the other end of R6 is respectively connected to one end of SMBJ6.8CA tube D8 and pin 3 of HT3.96-4P connector P1, pin 4 of P1 is respectively connected to the other end of R9 and one end of SMBJ6.8CA tube D7, and the other end of D7 is respectively connected to ground and the other end of D8.

[0139] The power supply part adopts the HT7333 chip U1, pin 2 of P1 is grounded, pin 1 of P1 is respectively connected to P5D and one end of fuse F1, the other end of F1 is respectively connected to one end of SMBJ12CA tube D2, the cathode of diode D3, and the anode of diode D1, the cathode of D1 is respectively connected to one end of capacitor C4, the positive electrode of capacitor C1, one end of capacitor C5, and pin 1 of U1 through resistor R1, the other end of D2 is respectively connected to the anode of D3, the other end of C4, the negative electrode of C1, the other end of C5, the ground, the negative electrode of capacitor C2, and one end of capacitor C3, the other end of C3 is respectively connected to P3.3D, the positive electrode of capacitor C2 and pin 3 of U1, and pin 2 of U1 is grounded.

[0140] The indicating part (power indicator light) includes a light emitting diode D6, the anode of D6 is connected to P3.3D through a resistor R3, the cathode of D6 is connected to LED1, the anode of light emitting diode D5 is connected to P3.3D through a resistor R2, and the cathode of D5 is grounded. The light of D5 indicator light indicates the communication state.

[0141] The single-chip microcomputer adopts STC15W408AS chip U2 (STC15W408AS chip has a temperature resistance of -40 to +80°C), U2's 1 to 6 pins are respectively connected to SS, MOSI, MISO, SCLK, RSEN, and P3.3D, U2's 8 to 11 pins are respectively connected to ground, MCU RXD, MCU TXD, and KEY1, U2's 13, 14, and 16 pins are respectively connected to RXD12, TXD12, and LED1; P3.3D is grounded through capacitor C16; 5V TTL serial port P8's 1 to 4 pins are respectively connected to P5D, MCU RXD, and MCU TXD and ground are connected accordingly; the 1st and 2nd pins of SW-4 switch K1 (reset switch, which can be used to restore factory settings when the settings are forgotten or an abnormality occurs) are grounded, the 3rd and 4th pins of K1 are connected to one end of resistor R12, one end of capacitor C7, and KEY1 respectively, the other end of R12 is connected to P3.3D, and the other end of C7 is grounded.

[0142] The magnetic field sensor adopts the RM3100 chip U3, pin 1 of U3 is connected to P3.3D and one end of capacitor C17 respectively, the other end of C17 is connected to ground and pin 2 of U3 respectively, pin 5 of U3 is connected to SS and one end of resistor R8 respectively, the other end of R8 is connected to P3.3D, one end of resistor R7, one end of resistor R5 and one end of resistor R4 respectively, the other end of R4 is connected to pin 8 of U3 and SCLK respectively, the other end of R5 is connected to pin 7 of U3 and MISO respectively, and the other end of R7 is connected to pin 6 of U3 and MOSI respectively.

[0143] The test method includes the following steps:

[0144] Step 1: Fix the lubricant preventer 109 assembly on the test platform, and fix the in-place sensor on the lubricant preventer assembly;

[0145] Step 2: Connect the power +, power -, 485A, 485B and 4 wires on the in-place sensor to the USB to 485 serial port cable respectively;

[0146] Step 3: Plug the USB to 485 serial cable into the computer; the default serial port baud rate is 9600, no parity check, 1 start bit, 1 stop bit;

[0147] Step 4: Open the blowout preventer cap, tie it to the plunger with a soft rope, and put the plunger into the blowout preventer and the test platform;

[0148] Step 5: Pull the plunger to the bottom of the test platform and the top of the blowout preventer;

[0149] Step 6: Observe the return value of the serial port to determine the state of the plunger. When no plunger passes, the data instruction returned at regular intervals is 0109 02 00 00. When a plunger passes, the data instruction returned is 01 09 02 00 01. When the return value is the same as the actual situation, the in-place sensor test is completed.

[0150] When the in-place sensor is working, first read the parameters in the EPROM (integrated in the chip) and set the communication parameters as follows:

[0151] Setup steps:

[0152] Instructions for modifying the in-place sensor threshold:

[0153] Example: Modify the threshold to 65%. (Assume the address is 0x10)

[0154] Send: 0x10 0x05 0x00 0x00 0x65 0x0d 0x24 0x1e

[0155] Example: Modify the threshold to 9%. (Assume the address is 0x10)

[0156] Send: 0x10 0x05 0x00 0x00 0x09 0x0d 0x09 0x1e

[0157] Example: Modify the threshold to 123%. (Assume the address is 0x10)

[0158] Send: 0x10 0x05 0x00 0x01 0x23 0x0d 0x47 0xbe

[0159] 0x10 address code

[0160] 0x05 function code, fixed to 0x05

[0161] 0x00 Fixed value

[0162] 0x01 and the following 0X23 together constitute the representation of the percentage value

[0163] 0x23 and 0x01 above together form the representation of the percentage value

[0164] 0x0d fixed value

[0165] 0x47 XOR result

[0166] 0xbe XOR result

[0167] Note that the maximum percentage value is 255%, which is represented by 0x02 0x55

[0168] When you burn this program to the board for the first time, you need to set a percentage value by sending a command. If you do not set it, the default percentage value may be 255%.

[0169] 30 seconds after the device is powered on, the magnetic field sensor is read as the background value of the environmental magnetic field strength and the cycle is entered (due to different use environments, wellhead materials, thicknesses, etc., the magnetic field strength is different, so a fixed value cannot be set. After comparison, if the magnetic field strength exceeds 10%, a message is sent to the host computer to generate the background value of the magnetic field strength by itself); detect whether there is input on the button; if there is input, press the button for 5 seconds to restore the factory settings, initialize the device address and communication parameters, and cut off the power; if there is no input, cut off the power;

[0170] Collect the magnetic field strength signal value, compare the real-time magnetic field strength signal value with the background value, and check whether the amplitude is greater than the threshold value; if so, send the data to the host computer and cut off the power supply; if not, cut off the power supply;

[0171] Monitor whether the host computer issues instructions; if no instructions are received, cut off the power; if instructions are received, send instructions and cut off the power.

[0172] When the in-place sensor uses the delay function, the microcontroller obtains the status value of port I0 at the specified time interval;

[0173]

[0174] Loop Function

[0175]

[0176]

[0177] The text description of the above programming language is as follows:

[0178] Delay function

[0179] Define a delay function with a delay of 10ms. If the in-place sensor shows that it is in place, the indicator light will be on, and the delay will be 200ms. The microcontroller will obtain the IO port status value every 200ms.

[0180] Loop Function

[0181] When the machine needs to be reset, stop feeding the watchdog, enter the while(1) infinite loop, start feeding the watchdog, and start timing.

[0182] The information M(X) to be transmitted is expressed as a polynomial L, and L is divided by a predetermined polynomial G(X). The remainder obtained is the cyclic redundancy check code; odd bit errors, double bit errors, and burst errors less than or equal to the check bit length are detected;

[0183] The cyclic redundancy check code is composed of n bits of information code and k bits of check code. The k-bit check bit is spliced ​​after the n-bit data bit. n+k is the word length of the cyclic redundancy check code, which is the check code (n+k,n).

[0184] The n-bit information bit is represented as a message polynomial M(x), and the highest power is xn-1; the generating polynomial G(x) is a k+1-bit binary number, and the highest power is xk; multiply M(x) by xk, that is, shift left by k bits, and divide by G(x), the k-bit remainder is the check bit; the division operation is modulo 2 division, that is, when the first digit of the partial remainder is 1, the quotient is 1, otherwise the quotient is 0; then the subtraction operation of each bit is bit-by-bit subtraction, and no borrow is generated;

[0185]

[0186] The text description of the above programming language is as follows

[0187] crc check

[0188] Input the address and instruction, input the lower 8 bits and upper 8 bits of the check bit, and output the result 1 or 0 according to the modulo 2 division.

[0189] A pressure plate 103 is provided at the bottom of the shell 102. The through holes provided in the middle of the trapezoids at both ends of the pressure plate 103 are used to connect 102 and 103. A throat clamp is clamped on the outside of the blowout preventer 109. The groove on the pressure plate 103 is clamped on the throat clamp, and the connecting screws of 103 and 102 are tightened to connect the in-place sensor to the blowout preventer 109.

[0190] The pressing plate 103 is in the shape of a vertical bar, and a groove is provided in the middle of the side where the pressing plate 103 and the shell 102 meet. The upper and lower ends of the pressing plate 103 are symmetrical isosceles trapezoids (beautiful, without sharp corners, to avoid injuries to operators during installation), the inner side of the isosceles trapezoid is the long bottom side, and a through hole is provided in the middle of the trapezoid.

[0191] There are two pressing plates 103 , which are arranged on two sides of the bottom of the housing 102 .

[0192] The circuit board 104 is installed inside the housing 102 by means of screws 5 .

[0193] The in-position sensor is arranged on the outer wall of the lubricator 109 , and a plunger 100 is arranged inside the lubricator 109 .

[0194] When the plunger 100 inside the lubricant preventer 109 reaches the position, the in-position sensor receives the signal and transmits the signal to the controller through the 485 signal line 111, and the controller sends the data to the intelligent gas well production decision platform.

[0195] The water and gas at the bottom of the well are separated by the sealing effect between the plunger and the inner wall of the gas well (17 is the oil pipe and 18 is the casing). The gas at the lower end of the plunger continuously generates pressure. Under the sealing effect of the plunger, the pressure pushes the plunger and the accumulated liquid at the upper end of the plunger to the wellhead, and the accumulated liquid at the bottom of the well is discharged through the drain port. At the same time, the casing pressure (the casing pressure comes from the annulus between the oil pipe 17 and the casing 18. The pressure here is output from the right side. The output port on the right side normally needs to be connected to a pressure sensor, and then connected to the gas pipe to the electric valve 10 of the controller) will also be emptied after pressure reduction through the controller (emptied through the solenoid valve 10). After the pressure is emptied, the plunger will fall back to the bottom of the well according to its own weight and repeat the above actions. In this process, the plunger operation status is detected by the in-place sensor.

[0196] The plunger 100 includes a plunger shaft 110-2, an outer wall of the plunger shaft 110-2 is provided with a spring 110-5, a spring 110-4 is provided between the inner wall of the spring 110-5 and the outer wall of the plunger shaft 110-2, the inner end of the spring 110-4 abuts against the outer wall of the plunger shaft 110-2, and the outer end of the spring 110-4 abuts against the inner wall of the spring 110-5.

[0197] The upper end of the plunger shaft 110-2 is provided with a cotter pin insertion hole 110-12. The cotter pin insertion hole 110-12 is used to insert a cotter pin to prevent the thread from loosening and falling off. When used in the casing of an oil well or gas well, special tools are required to salvage items that fall off, wasting manpower and material resources, and drilling holes to install pins to prevent the screws from loosening and falling off due to long-term operation underground.

[0198] The plunger of the present invention pushes the spring 110-5 to the maximum diameter state by means of the spring 110-4. The plunger 100 moves up and down in the downhole casing, with a one-way distance of about 3,000 meters. During this process, the plunger needs to be close to the casing wall at all times to achieve a sealing effect and discharge the bottom-hole liquid from the wellhead. Considering the complex downhole conditions and the difference in roundness at different positions of the casing, the spring block structure can be used to automatically adjust the outer diameter of the spring block according to different sizes at different positions. At the same time, it can avoid the plunger outer diameter being slightly larger and causing interference fit with the casing and getting stuck.

[0199] The inner end of the spring 110 - 4 is arranged in a circular groove on the outer wall of the plunger shaft 110 - 2 , and the outer end of the spring 110 - 4 is arranged in a circular groove on the inner wall of the spring sheet 110 - 5 .

[0200] A corresponding spring 110 - 4 is installed at the circular groove on the contact surface between the plunger shaft 110 - 2 and the spring sheet 110 - 5 so that the spring sheet is always in a pre-tightened state.

[0201] An upper protrusion pointing upward is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the spring piece 110 - 5 , a lower protrusion pointing downward is arranged in the middle of the lower end of the spring piece 110 - 5 , and a mounting groove is arranged on the plunger shaft 110 - 2 corresponding to the protrusion.

[0202] The mounting groove is arranged on the outer wall of the outer convex annular flange on the plunger shaft 110 - 2 .

[0203] The protrusion is a semicircular protrusion 110-7, and the installation groove is a semicircular groove 110-8. The spring piece 110-5 has semicircular protrusions at both ends, which correspond to the semicircular grooves of the plunger shaft 110-2 during installation, playing a positioning role to prevent rotation.

[0204] The spring pieces 110-5 are arranged in multiple groups vertically, and each group includes multiple spring pieces 110-5 arranged in the circumferential direction. The upper end of the plunger shaft 110-2 is threadedly connected to the top cap 110-6, and the lower end of the plunger shaft 110-2 is threadedly connected to the bottom cap 110-1. The inner wall of the lower end of the top cap 110-6 abuts against the upper outer wall of the uppermost spring piece group, and the inner wall of the upper end of the bottom cap 110-1 abuts against the lower outer wall of the lowermost spring piece group.

[0205] A plurality of circumferentially arranged snap rings 110 - 3 are provided between adjacent spring sheet groups, and the inner walls of the snap rings 110 - 3 respectively abut against the lower outer wall of the upper spring sheet group and the upper outer wall of the lower spring sheet group, and the snap rings 110 - 3 are connected and fixed to the plunger shaft 110 - 2 .

[0206] The installation of the elastic pieces 110-2 is divided into upper and lower groups, with three in each group. The two ends are respectively limited by screwing the bottom cap 110-1 and the top cap 110-6 into the threaded parts at both ends of the plunger shaft 110-2. Two snap rings 110-3 are welded in the middle for limitation.

[0207] Two groups of the elastic pieces 110-5 are arranged vertically, and each group includes three elastic pieces 110-5 arranged circumferentially.

[0208] The snap ring 110-3 is welded to the plunger shaft 110-2.

[0209] The elastic piece 110-5 is in the shape of an arc-shaped vertical plate. One side of the middle part of the elastic piece 110-5 extends outward to form an insertion plate 110-9, and the other side of the middle part of the elastic piece 110-5 has a slot 110-10. The length of the lower end of the slot extending outward is greater than that of the upper end, and the length of the lower end of the insertion plate is greater than that of the upper end. When the three elastic pieces 110-5 cooperate, they are like a maze, which can better lock the accumulated liquid at the bottom of the well and prevent too much water from being lost when lifting the accumulated liquid from the bottom of the well.

[0210] The central angle of the elastic piece 110-5 is 120 degrees. During assembly, the three elastic pieces cooperate to exactly form a ring and wrap around the outside of the plunger shaft 110-2.

[0211] A groove 110-11 with a U-shaped cross-section is provided on the inner wall of the middle part of the elastic piece 110-5 in the vertical direction, and an arc-shaped flange is provided on the plunger shaft 110-2 corresponding to the U-shaped groove.

[0212] The top cap 110-6 includes a vertically upward cylindrical body. The outer wall of the upper end of the upper cylinder extends outward to form a flange. The lower end of the upper cylinder is connected to the upper end of a regular frustum. The upper end surface of the frustum coincides with the lower end surface of the upper cylinder. The lower end of the frustum is connected to the upper end of a lower cylindrical body. The lower end surface of the frustum coincides with the upper end surface of the lower cylinder. A reverse T-shaped hole is provided in the middle of the bottom surface of the lower cylinder. The inner wall of the upper part of the reverse T-shaped hole has threads. The lower part of the reverse T-shaped hole corresponds to the outer convex annular flange with an installation groove at the uppermost end of the plunger shaft 110-2. The inner wall of the lower end of the reverse T-shaped hole bulges toward the middle to form an annular flange. The shape of the top cap 110-6 is convenient to hold and has a guiding function at the same time. There is often oil stain and wax deposition on the wall of the gas well casing. Designing the upper and lower parts into a conical shape can play a guiding and dredging role to prevent the plunger from getting stuck.

[0213] The bottom cap 110-1 includes a lower inverted frustum. The upper end of the inverted frustum is connected to the lower end of a cylinder. The lower end surface of the cylinder coincides with the upper end surface of the inverted frustum. A T-shaped hole is provided in the middle of the upper end surface of the cylinder. The inner wall of the lower part of the T-shaped hole has threads. The upper part of the T-shaped hole corresponds to the outer convex annular flange with an installation groove at the lowermost end of the plunger shaft 110-2. The inner wall of the upper end of the T-shaped hole bulges toward the middle to form an annular flange.

[0214] The invention is applicable to industries such as petroleum, rock gas, well logging, geology, etc.

[0215] It can be understood that the above specific description of the present invention is only used to illustrate the present invention and is not limited to the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents to achieve the same technical effects; as long as the use requirements are met, they are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bullet plunger, including a plunger shaft (110-2), characterized in that On the outer wall of the plunger shaft (110-2), there is a spring piece (110-5). Between the inner wall of the spring piece (110-5) and the outer wall of the plunger shaft (110-2), there is a spring (110-4). The inner end of the spring (110-4) abuts against the outer wall of the plunger shaft (110-2), and the outer end of the spring (110-4) abuts against the inner wall of the spring piece (110-5). The inner end of the spring (110-4) is arranged in a circular groove on the outer wall of the plunger shaft (110-2), and the outer end of the spring (110-4) is arranged in a circular groove on the inner wall of the spring piece (110-5). In the middle of the upper end of the spring piece (110-5), there is an upward protrusion, and in the middle of the lower end of the spring piece (110-5), there is a downward protrusion. On the plunger shaft (110-2), there are installation grooves corresponding to the protrusions. Multiple groups of the spring pieces (110-5) are arranged vertically. Each group includes multiple spring pieces (110-5) arranged circumferentially. The upper end of the plunger shaft (110-2) is threadedly connected to the top cap (110-6), and the lower end of the plunger shaft (110-2) is threadedly connected to the bottom cap (110-1). The inner wall of the lower end of the top cap (110-6) abuts against the outer wall of the upper end of the uppermost spring piece group, and the inner wall of the upper end of the bottom cap (110-1) abuts against the outer wall of the lower end of the lowermost spring piece group. Between adjacent spring piece groups, there are multiple snap rings (110-3) arranged circumferentially. The inner walls of the snap rings (110-3) respectively abut against the outer wall of the lower end of the upper spring piece group and the outer wall of the upper end of the lower spring piece group. The snap rings (110-3) are fixedly connected to the plunger shaft (110-2).

2. The bullet plunger according to claim 1, characterized in that Two groups of the spring pieces (110-5) are arranged vertically. Each group includes three spring pieces (110-5) arranged circumferentially.

3. The bullet plunger according to claim 1, characterized in that The spring piece (110-5) is in the shape of an arc-shaped vertical plate. One side of the middle part in the vertical direction of the spring piece (110-5) extends outward to form an insertion plate, and on the other side of the middle part in the vertical direction of the spring piece (110-5), there is a slot. The length of the lower end of the slot extending outward is greater than the length of the upper end of the slot extending outward, and the length of the lower end of the insertion plate is greater than the length of the upper end of the insertion plate.

4. The bullet plunger according to claim 1, characterized in that The central angle of the spring piece (110-5) is 120 degrees.

5. The bullet plunger according to claim 1, characterized in that On the inner wall of the middle part in the vertical direction of the spring piece (110-5), there is a groove with a U-shaped cross-section. On the plunger shaft (110-2), there is an arc-shaped flange corresponding to the U-shaped groove.

6. The bullet plunger according to claim 1, characterized in that The top cap (110-6) includes a vertically upward cylindrical body. The outer wall of the upper end of the upper cylinder extends outward to form a flange. The lower end of the upper cylinder is connected to the upper end of a regular frustum. The upper end face of the frustum coincides with the lower end face of the upper cylinder. The lower end of the frustum is connected to the upper end of a lower cylindrical body. The lower end face of the frustum coincides with the upper end face of the lower cylinder. In the middle of the bottom surface of the lower cylinder, there is an inverted T-shaped hole. The inner wall of the upper part of the inverted T-shaped hole has threads. The lower part of the inverted T-shaped hole corresponds to the outer convex annular flange with an installation groove at the uppermost end of the plunger shaft (110-2). The inner wall of the lower end of the inverted T-shaped hole protrudes towards the middle to form an annular flange.

7. The bullet plunger according to claim 1, characterized in that The bottom cap (110-1) comprises a lower frustum body, the upper end of the frustum body is connected to the lower end of the cylinder, the lower end surface of the cylinder coincides with the upper end surface of the frustum body, a T-shaped hole is arranged in the middle of the upper end surface of the cylinder, the lower inner wall of the T-shaped hole is threaded, the upper part of the T-shaped hole corresponds to the outer convex annular flange of the mounting groove arranged at the lowest end of the plunger shaft (110-2), and the upper inner wall of the T-shaped hole bulges toward the middle to form an annular flange.

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