Double-decker bus battery cooling and heating system and strategy

Abstract

The application discloses a double-deck bus battery cooling and heating system and strategy, which comprises a water pump, a power battery, a control valve, a water cooling unit, a PTC heater and an expansion water tank. The water inlet of the water pump is connected with the expansion water tank, the water outlet of the water pump is connected with a flow channel on the power battery, the flow channel on the power battery is connected with the water inlet of the control valve, the two water outlets of the control valve are respectively connected with flow channels on the water cooling unit and the PTC heater, the flow channel on the water cooling unit is connected with the flow channel on the PTC heater, and the flow channel on the PTC heater is connected with the water inlet of the water pump. The application has simple structure, two working conditions, and can solve the problems of heat dissipation of the power battery during discharging, normal operation under low temperature, auxiliary heating during starting of the air conditioner, saving of electric power of the air conditioner and all-in-one three uses.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a double-deck bus battery cooling and heating system and strategy. BACKGROUND

[0002] The current battery cooling system is composed of a water cooling unit, a water pump, a power battery and an expansion water tank, and the current design method mainly has the following problems:

[0003] Only cooling effect can be simply achieved, when the new energy vehicle reaches a high-cold region, the power battery cannot normally work due to low temperature, and the discharge capacity is low. SUMMARY

[0004] The application provides a double-deck bus battery cooling and heating system and strategy to solve the problems of the prior art. The system integrates water cooling and water heating in the same water path, solves the heat dissipation problem of the power battery during discharge, solves the problem that the power battery cannot normally work at low temperature, and solves the problem that a large amount of electric energy needs to be consumed for air conditioning heating.

[0005] The application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] The double-deck bus battery cooling and heating system comprises a water pump, a power battery, a control valve, a water cooling unit, a PTC heater, an expansion water tank and a heat exchanger, the water inlet of the water pump is connected with the expansion water tank, the water outlet of the water pump is connected with a flow channel on the power battery, the flow channel on the power battery is connected with the water inlet of the control valve, three water outlets on the control valve are respectively connected with flow channels on the water cooling unit, the PTC heater and the heat exchanger, the flow channel on the water cooling unit is connected with the flow channels on the PTC heater and the heat exchanger, and the flow channel on the PTC heater is connected with the water inlet of the water pump.

[0007] Further, the control valve is provided with a water inlet, a heating pipeline water outlet, a cooling pipeline water outlet and a heat exchanger water outlet, the heating pipeline water outlet is connected with the flow channel on the PTC heater, the cooling pipeline water outlet is connected with the flow channel on the water cooling unit, and the heat exchanger water outlet is connected with the heat exchanger.

[0008] Further, when the opening and closing angle of the control valve is 90 degrees, cooling water flows out through the cooling pipeline water outlet, and at the same time, the water cooling unit starts to work to start the power battery cooling; when the opening and closing angle of the control valve is 30 degrees, cooling water flows out through the heating pipeline water outlet, and at the same time, the PTC heater starts to work to start the power battery heating; and when the opening and closing angle of the control valve is 60 degrees, cooling water flows out through the auxiliary heating pipeline water outlet, and at the same time, the heat exchanger starts to work to start the auxiliary heating in the vehicle.

[0009] Further, the control valve comprises a valve core, a valve seat and a servo motor, the valve core is a spherical structure, a vertical flow hole is arranged on the valve core, a water inlet is arranged at the bottom of the valve seat, the water outlets of the heating pipe, the heat exchanger and the cooling pipe are arranged on the outer wall of the valve seat at an angle of 30 degrees, and the servo motor drives the valve core to rotate.

[0010] Further, sealing rubber is arranged between the valve seat and the valve core.

[0011] The application further discloses a double-layer bus battery cooling and heating strategy, which comprises

[0012] 1) water cooling system: during driving or charging of the vehicle, the battery charging and discharging causes the temperature of the power battery to rise, when the BMS detects that the average temperature of the power battery reaches above 28 DEG C or the maximum temperature is higher than 33 DEG C for 5 seconds, the BMS sends a cooling start instruction to the VCU, the VCU simultaneously sends corresponding control instructions to the water pump, the water cooling unit and the control valve, the control valve is turned to 90 DEG, the cooling pipe is fully opened, and the battery water cooling system starts to work;

[0013] When the BMS detects that the average temperature of the power battery reaches below 25 DEG C or the maximum temperature is lower than 33 DEG C for 5 seconds, the BMS sends a cooling stop instruction to the VCU, the VCU controls the water cooling unit and the water pump to stop working, and the control valve is turned to 0 DEG, so that the battery water cooling system stops working;

[0014] When the air conditioner needs to be started to provide heating, the control panel sends a heating insufficient instruction to the VCU, the VCU sends a control instruction to the control valve, the control valve is turned to 60 DEG, the heat generated by the battery is used for auxiliary heating of the vehicle, and when a heating stop signal is detected, the control valve is turned to 90 DEG, and the water cooling system starts to work;

[0015] 2) water heating system: when the power battery of the vehicle is in a low-temperature state below 5 DEG C in a high-cold region, when the BMS detects that the temperature of the power battery is below 5 DEG C, a cooling start instruction is sent to the VCU through the can bus, the VCU simultaneously sends corresponding control instructions to the water pump, the PTC heater and the control valve, the control valve is turned to 30 DEG, the water heating pipe is fully opened, and the water heating system starts to work;

[0016] When the BMS detects that the minimum temperature of the power battery reaches 15 DEG C or the average temperature reaches 21 DEG C or the maximum temperature is greater than 25 DEG C, a heating stop instruction is sent to the VCU, the VCU sends an instruction to make the PTC heater and the water pump stop working, and the water heating system stops working;

[0017] 3) auxiliary heating system: when the average temperature of the battery reaches 28℃ or the maximum temperature of the single battery reaches 33℃ and the vehicle heating is turned on through the control panel, the VCU sends corresponding control instructions to the water pump, the heat exchanger and the control valve at the same time, so that the control valve angle is turned to 60°, and the heat generated by the battery discharge is used for the heat exchanger for auxiliary heating in the vehicle.

[0018] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The present application has the following beneficial effects: BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] Figure 2 The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] Figure 3 The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] Figure 4 The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1- water pump; 2- power battery; 3- control valve; 4- water cooling unit; 5- PTC heater; 6- expansion tank; 7 heat exchanger.

[0025] 31- water inlet; 32- heating pipe outlet; 33- cooling pipe outlet; 34 auxiliary heating pipe outlet; 35- valve core; 36- valve seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] As Figure 1 , the present application is a double-decker bus battery cooling and heating system, comprising a water pump 1, a power battery 2, a control valve 3, a water cooling unit 4, a PTC heater 5, an expansion tank 6 and a heat exchanger 7. The water inlet of the water pump 1 is connected to the expansion tank 6, the water outlet of the water pump 1 is connected to the flow channel on the power battery 2, the flow channel on the power battery 2 is connected to the water inlet 31 on the control valve 3, the three water outlets on the control valve 3 are respectively connected to the flow channels on the water cooling unit 4, the PTC heater 5 and the heat exchanger 7, the flow channel on the water cooling unit 4 is connected to the flow channel on the PTC heater 5, and the flow channel on the PTC heater 5 is connected to the water inlet of the water pump 1.

[0028] The application first provides power for the water pump 1 to circulate the cooling liquid in the pipeline, the water flow passes through the power battery 2, the control valve 3, the cooling unit 4, the PTC heater 5 or the heat exchanger 7 and returns to the water pump 1 to form a water circulation, and the expansion tank 6 plays a role of pressure relief and water supplement, that is, when the temperature in the pipeline increases and the pressure increases, the cooling water will be pressed into the expansion tank 6 through the drain pipe; when the pipeline is short of water due to low temperature, the water in the expansion tank will supplement the cooling water in the circulating pipeline through the drain pipe.

[0029] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 The control valve 3 is provided with a water inlet 31, a heating pipeline water outlet 32 and a cooling pipeline water outlet 33, the heating pipeline water outlet 32 is connected with the flow channel of the PTC heater 5, and the cooling pipeline water outlet 33 is connected with the flow channel of the water cooling unit 4.

[0030] The control valve has three water outlets, when the opening and closing angle of the control valve 3 is 90°, the cooling water flows out through the cooling pipeline water outlet 33, and at the same time, the water cooling unit 4 starts to work and the power battery 2 is started to cool; when the opening and closing angle of the control valve 3 is 30°, the cooling water flows out through the heating pipeline water outlet 32, and at the same time, the PTC heater 5 is started and the power battery 2 is started to heat; when the VCU receives the heating instruction of the air conditioner, the VCU will close the high-voltage contactor to give a working instruction to the water pump 1 and the heat exchanger 7, and at the same time, the VCU will give an instruction to the control valve 3, when the opening and closing angle of the control valve 3 is 60°, the cooling water will flow through the heat exchanger in the vehicle, so that the heat generated by the battery is used for auxiliary heating in the vehicle.

[0031] The control valve 3 in the application is a ball valve structure, including a valve core 35, a valve seat 36 and a servo motor, the valve core 35 is a spherical structure, a vertical flow channel hole 30 is arranged on the valve core 35, a water inlet 31 is arranged at the bottom of the valve seat 36, a heating pipeline water outlet 32, a heat exchanger water outlet 34 and a cooling pipeline water outlet 33 are arranged on the outer wall of the valve seat 36 and are arranged at an angle of 30°, and the servo motor drives the valve core 35 to rotate.

[0032] In order to ensure the sealing, sealing rubber is arranged between the valve seat 36 and the valve core 35.

[0033] The application has simple structure, two working conditions, solves the problems of heat dissipation of the power battery in the discharging process and normal work under low temperature, can assist heating when the air conditioner is started to save the power consumption of the air conditioner, and is three-in-one.

[0034] The water cooling and water heating processes of the application are described in detail as follows.

[0035] 1) Water cooling system:

[0036] When the battery is charging or discharging, the battery charging and discharging will cause the temperature of the power battery 2 to rise. When the BMS detects that the average temperature of the power battery reaches 28℃ or above or the maximum temperature is higher than 33℃ for 5 seconds, it will send a cooling start command to the VCU through the can bus, and the VCU will close the high-voltage contactor to give a working instruction to the water pump 1 and the water cooling unit 4, and at the same time the VCU will also give a command to the control valve 3, so that the control valve angle turns to 90°, and the cooling pipeline is fully opened. At this time, the battery water cooling system starts to work.

[0037] When the BMS detects that the average temperature of the power battery reaches 25℃ or below or the maximum temperature is lower than 33℃ for 5 seconds, it will send a cooling stop command to the VCU, and the VCU will issue an instruction to stop the water cooling unit and the water pump, and the control valve angle turns to 0°. At this time, the battery water cooling system stops working.

[0038] When the air conditioner needs to be turned on for heating, the control panel will send a heating insufficient command to the VCU through the can bus, and the VCU will close the high-voltage contactor to give a working instruction to the water pump 1 and the heat exchanger 7, and at the same time the VCU will give a command to the control valve 3, so that the control valve angle turns to 60°, and the heat generated by the battery is used for auxiliary heating in the vehicle. When the heating stop signal is detected, the control valve angle turns to 90°, and the water cooling system starts to work.

[0039] 2) Water heating system:

[0040] When the vehicle starts in a high-cold area and the battery is in a low-temperature state below 5℃, when the BMS detects that the temperature of the power battery is below 5℃, it will send a cooling start command to the VCU through the can bus, and the VCU will close the high-voltage contactor to give a working instruction to the water pump and the PTC heater, and at the same time the VCU will also give a command to the control valve, so that the control valve angle turns to 30°, and the water heating pipeline is fully opened. At this time, the battery water heating system starts to work. When the BMS detects that the minimum temperature of the power battery reaches 15℃ or the average temperature reaches 21℃ or the maximum temperature is greater than 25℃, it will send a heating stop command to the VCU, and the VCU will issue an instruction to stop the PTC heater and the water pump. At this time, the water heating system stops working.

[0041] Auxiliary heating system:

[0042] When the average temperature of the battery reaches 28℃ or the maximum temperature of a single battery reaches 33℃ and the vehicle heating is turned on through the control panel, the VCU will close the high-voltage contactor to give a working instruction to the water pump 1 and the heat exchanger 7, and at the same time the VCU will give a command to the control valve 3, so that the control valve angle turns to 60°, and the heat generated by the battery discharge is used for auxiliary heating in the vehicle.

[0043] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be pointed out that those skilled in the art can make several improvements without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery heating and cooling system for a double-decker bus, characterized in that: The system includes a water pump (1), a power battery (2), a control valve (3), a water-cooled unit (4), a PTC heater (5), an expansion tank (6), and a heat exchanger (7). The water inlet of the water pump (1) is connected to the expansion tank (6), the water outlet of the water pump (1) is connected to the flow channel on the power battery (2), the flow channel on the power battery (2) is connected to the water inlet (31) on the control valve (3), the three water outlets on the control valve (3) are respectively connected to the flow channels on the water-cooled unit (4), the PTC heater (5), and the heat exchanger (7), the flow channel on the water-cooled unit (4) is connected to the flow channels on the PTC heater (5) and the heat exchanger (7), and the flow channel on the PTC heater (5) is connected to the water inlet of the water pump (1). The control valve (3) is provided with an inlet (31), a heating pipe outlet (32), a cooling pipe outlet (33), and a heat exchanger outlet (34). The heating pipe outlet (32) is connected to the flow channel on the PTC heater (5), the cooling pipe outlet (33) is connected to the flow channel on the water-cooled unit (4), and the heat exchanger outlet (34) is connected to the heat exchanger (7). When the opening angle of the control valve (3) is 30°, the cooling water flows out through the outlet (32) of the heating pipe, and at the same time the PTC heater (5) is turned on to heat the power battery (2); When the opening angle of the control valve (3) is 60°, the cooling water flows out through the outlet (34) of the auxiliary heating pipe, and at the same time the heat exchanger (7) is turned on to turn on the auxiliary heating in the vehicle. When the opening angle of the control valve (3) is 90°, the cooling water flows out through the outlet (33) of the cooling pipe, and at the same time the water-cooled unit (4) will start working and turn on the power battery (2) for cooling. The control valve (3) includes a valve core (35), a valve seat (36) and a servo motor. The valve core (35) has a spherical structure and a vertical flow channel hole (30) is provided on the valve core (35). A water inlet (31) is provided at the bottom of the valve seat (36). The water outlet (32) of the heating pipe, the water outlet (34) of the heat exchanger and the water outlet (33) of the cooling pipe are arranged at 30° to each other on the outer wall of the valve seat (36). The servo motor drives the valve core (35) to rotate.

2. The double-decker bus battery heating and cooling system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing rubber is provided between the valve seat (36) and the valve core (35).

3. A heating / cooling strategy for the system as described in any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: include 1) Water cooling system: During vehicle operation or charging, the charging and discharging of the battery causes the temperature of the power battery (2) to rise. When the BMS detects that the average temperature of the power battery (2) reaches 28°C or the highest temperature is above 33°C for 5 seconds, the BMS sends a cooling start command to the VCU. The VCU simultaneously sends corresponding control commands to the water pump (1), water cooling unit (4) and control valve (3) to turn the control valve angle to 90° and fully open the cooling pipe. At this time, the battery water cooling system starts to work. When the BMS detects that the average temperature of the power battery is below 25°C or the maximum temperature is below 33°C for 5 seconds, the BMS will send a cooling shutdown command to the VCU. The VCU will control the water cooling unit and water pump to stop working, and the control valve will rotate to 0°. At this time, the battery water cooling system will stop working. When the air conditioner is turned on and heating is needed, the control panel sends a heating insufficiency command to the VCU. The VCU will then send a control command to the control valve, causing the control valve angle to turn to 60°, using the heat generated by the battery for auxiliary heating in the vehicle. When a heating stop signal is detected, the control valve angle will turn to 90°, and the water cooling system will start working. 2) Water heating system: When the vehicle starts in a cold region and the battery is in a low temperature state below 5°C, when the BMS detects that the power battery temperature is below 5°C, it will send a cooling start command to the VCU through the CAN bus. At the same time, the VCU sends corresponding control commands to the water pump, PTC heater and control valve, so that the control valve angle turns to 0° and the water heating pipes are fully opened. At this time, the water heating system starts to work. When the BMS detects that the minimum temperature of the power battery reaches 15℃, the average temperature reaches 21℃, or the maximum temperature is greater than 25℃, it will send a heating shutdown command to the VCU. The VCU will then issue a command to stop the PTC heater and water pump, at which point the water heating system will stop working. 3) Auxiliary heating system: When the average battery temperature reaches 28°C or the maximum temperature of a single battery reaches 33°C and the vehicle heating is turned on through the control panel, the VCU simultaneously sends corresponding control commands to the water pump (1), heat exchanger (7) and control valve (3) to turn the control valve angle to 60° and transfer the heat generated by the battery discharge to the heat exchanger (7) for auxiliary heating in the vehicle.

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