Method for determining heat consumption of an energy system, energy management system, and energy system

Abstract

A method for determining the heat consumption of an energy system, an energy management system, and an energy system. A method for determining the heat consumption (50, 51) of an energy system (10) having a heat storage (4) is proposed, wherein the energy system (10) generates total heat (1) at least within a time range. The method comprises the steps of: - detecting (42) the heat stored in the heat storage (4) within the time range; - detecting (42) the heat released from the heat storage (4) within the time range; - calculating the heat consumption (50, 51) within the time range by means of at least one sum consisting of the total heat and the difference between the detected released heat and the detected stored heat. Furthermore, the invention also relates to an energy management system (2) for operating the energy system (10) and / or for predicting the heat consumption (50, 51) of the energy system, and an energy system (10).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for determining the heat consumption of an energy system having a thermal energy or heat storage, wherein the energy system generates total heat at least within a time range. Furthermore, the present invention relates to an energy management system for operating such an energy system and / or for predicting the heat consumption of the energy system. Furthermore, the present invention also relates to an energy system having such an energy management system.

[0002] Energy systems with an energy management system, in particular multi-mode energy systems, will become increasingly important in the future. In particular, the energy management system is part of a general automation system for large buildings or island networks (English: microgrids).

[0003] The automation system is designed to control / regulate components of the energy system, such as batteries, heat pumps, heat storage. In principle, such an automation system includes multiple levels, in particular a management level, an automation level, and a field level. Furthermore, the automation system may include an energy management system. Here, the energy management system is basically designed to control / regulate components of the energy system in an energy-efficient manner, protect the components, and provide a certain level of comfort, such as the internal temperature of a room.

[0004] A typical energy management system can optimize the purchase of all externally relevant energy forms, such as gas, electricity, district heating, or district cooling. For this purpose, load curves of the relevant energy forms are required. For electricity consumption, this can be a historical or measured load curve or a calculated load curve based on assumptions. Here, the sum of all consumers in terms of electrical energy is measured and the power consumption is estimated.

[0005] The applicant is not aware of comprehensive load curves for heat consumption available for the energy management system, in particular comprehensive load curves for the consumption of thermal energy and / or cold energy. In particular, the heat consumption of the energy system or of the consumers within the energy system cannot be determined without direct measurement. However, heat consumption usually cannot be directly measured because this is difficult or even impossible technically and / or due to tenant rights. Therefore, in contrast to electricity consumption, an actual heat load curve cannot be provided and thus the actual heat consumption prediction (prediction of the consumption of the heat load) cannot be determined by the energy management system. This applies in particular when the energy system includes a heat storage.

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to improve the determination of the heat consumption of the energy system, especially in terms of prediction by the energy management system of the energy system.

[0007] This technical problem is solved by a method having the features of independent claim 1, by an energy management system having the features of independent claim 9, and by an energy system having the features of independent claim 10. Advantageous embodiments and refinements of the invention are given in the dependent claims.

[0008] A method according to the invention for determining the heat consumption of an energy system having a heat storage, wherein the energy system can generate total heat over at least one time range, the method comprising at least the following steps:

[0009] - Detecting the heat storage heat of the heat storage over the time range;

[0010] - Detecting the heat release of the heat storage over the time range; and

[0011] - Calculating the heat consumption over the time range by means of at least one sum composed of the total heat and the difference between the detected heat release and the detected heat storage heat.

[0012] The heat consumption can be heat energy consumption and / or cold energy consumption.

[0013] According to the invention, the heat storage is any device capable of storing and / or temporarily storing heat, in particular heat energy and / or cold energy.

[0014] According to the invention, by measuring the heat storage heat and the heat release on the heat storage (or heat energy storage) and according to the approximation or approximation algorithm E 热 = E 总 + E 释放 - E 蓄充 Using this as a substitute value to determine the heat consumption. Here, E 总 represents the total heat generated over the time range, E 释放 represents the heat release of the heat storage over the time range, E 蓄充 represents the heat storage heat of the heat storage over the time range, and E 热 represents the heat consumption of the energy system over the time range. For a fixed time range in which the relevant power can be considered approximately constant, the above equation can also be expressed by means of the relevant power P 热 = P 总 + P 释放 - P 蓄充 This is equivalent to the present invention. An advantage of the present invention is that the heat consumption can be approximated realistically without direct measurement. Then, an improved heat load curve or heat reduction curve or heat consumption curve is provided for the energy management system.

[0015] In particular, the present invention is advantageous for smaller heat networks. This is because the energy management system can be integrated into the existing energy system without greater expense. Here, a heat network is a device that thermally couples at least one heat consumer to at least one heat generator, for example, by means of a heat transfer medium. The present invention is particularly advantageous for energy systems designed as buildings or multi-mode island networks.

[0016] An energy management system according to the present invention for operating an energy system and / or for predicting the heat consumption of an energy system, wherein the energy system has at least one heat storage, and can generate at least one total heat quantity at least within a time range, at least comprising

[0017] - means for detecting the heat storage quantity of the heat storage within the time range;

[0018] - means for detecting the heat release quantity of the heat storage within the time range; and

[0019] - means for calculating the heat consumption within the time range by means of the sum composed of the total heat quantity and the difference between the detected heat release quantity and the detected heat storage quantity.

[0020] The energy system according to the present invention is characterized in that it comprises an energy management system according to the present invention and / or according to one of its design embodiments.

[0021] The energy management system according to the present invention and the energy system according to the present invention have similar and equivalent advantages to the method according to the present invention.

[0022] In an advantageous embodiment according to the present invention, the energy system operates based on the determined heat consumption.

[0023] Thereby, the energy efficiency of the energy system, especially in terms of heat generation and consumption, is advantageously improved.

[0024] In an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the heat consumption is determined by means of the energy management system, wherein the operation of the energy system is carried out by the energy management system.

[0025] In other words, the energy system comprises an energy management system, which is designed to operate the energy system based on the determined consumption. For this purpose, the energy system can be designed to determine or calculate the heat consumption according to the present invention and / or one of its design embodiments.

[0026] In an advantageous embodiment according to the present invention, the calculated heat consumption is used as a heat load curve for heat load prediction of the energy management system.

[0027] This advantageously enables a realistic prediction of the heat load curve. Thereby, the energy efficiency of the energy system operated with the aid of an energy management system is further increased. This is because the present invention provides an improved prediction in terms of heat consumption. In other words, the prediction quality of the energy management system is advantageously increased. This is especially because the heat load prediction is not based on a simulated heat load curve, but according to the invention on the detected released heat and stored and charged heat of the heat accumulator, for example based on the detected energy storage performance of the heat accumulator on the pipes of the heat accumulator.

[0028] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the determined heat consumption is smoothed in time before it is used as the heat load curve.

[0029] This is advantageous because the detected released heat and stored and charged heat can usually have relatively large fluctuations. This is especially the case when the released heat and stored and charged heat are detected on the outflow and return pipes of the heat accumulator. By smoothing, for example by means of smoothing with an average value shifted by two hours, a smoother and thus improved heat load curve is provided, which especially leads to an improved prediction of the heat consumption.

[0030] In an advantageous embodiment according to the invention, the heat accumulator is at least partly formed by the heat network of the energy system.

[0031] In other words, the heat accumulator is at least partly, especially completely designed as the heat network of the energy system. Thus, the heat network is at least partly regarded as or understood as a heat energy accumulator. Here, the energy system includes at least a part of the heat network. Large heat networks in commercial buildings, campuses or multi-modal island networks usually have a large volume of heat transfer medium. Thereby, they may not be negligible in terms of their heat storage characteristics. Therefore, it is advantageous to regard the heat network as a heat accumulator. The present invention can thus achieve the determination of the heat consumption of the heat network similar to that of a heat accumulator, for example as described above. Thereby, the heat consumption of a large heat network can be advantageously determined and the determination of the heat consumption is improved.

[0032] In an advantageous expansion of the invention, the released heat and / or stored and charged heat of the heat network are detected by taking into account the volume and / or temperature of the outflow and return pipes of the heat network.

[0033] In other words, the heat network has an outflow pipe and / or a return pipe for its heat transfer medium, such as water. Here, the energy released and / or stored in the heat network is determined based on the volume and / or temperature of its outflow pipe and / or return pipe. Thereby, a favorable approximation for heat consumption can be provided. In particular, a prediction of improved heat consumption can be achieved. For example, it is sufficient to roughly estimate the amount of water in the heating system (heat network) and to know the tolerances of the outflow pipe temperature and the return pipe temperature. By knowing the quantities mentioned, in particular, an optimized operation of the energy system can be achieved based on the determined heat consumption with the aid of an energy management system. Here, the temperature on the outflow pipe or the return pipe mentioned can be measured. The determined heat consumption can be taken into account as a heat generation curve during the prediction of the energy management system. In other words, the fluctuating outflow pipe temperature and / or return pipe temperature are recognized as a heat energy storage and can be taken into account during optimization with the aid of an energy management system.

[0034] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the heat stored and / or released in the heat network is detected by detecting the temperature difference between two different points in time.

[0035] In other words, the heat stored or released is calculated respectively by [T(t1) - T(t2)]·c·V·ρ. Here, T(t1) represents, for example, the temperature of the outflow pipe or the return pipe at time point t1, T(t2) represents, for example, the temperature of the outflow pipe or the return pipe at time point t2, c represents the specific heat capacity of the heat transfer medium of the heat network, V represents the volume of the heat transfer medium, and ρ represents the density of the heat transfer medium.

[0036] Other advantages, features and details of the invention result from the embodiments described below and from the figures. Here schematically:

[0037] Figure 1 shows an energy system according to the prior art;

[0038] Figure 2 shows an energy system according to an embodiment of the invention; and

[0039] Figure 3 shows the heat consumption determined with the aid of an embodiment of the invention.

[0040] Elements of the same type, equivalent or of the same function may be provided with the same reference numerals in one of the figures or in the figures.

[0041] Figure 1 shows a known energy system 10.

[0042] Here, the energy system 10 includes a component 1 (heat generator) which provides the total heat. The total heat is also identified by the reference numeral 1.

[0043] The energy system 10 further includes an energy management system 2. The energy management system 2 can detect the total heat 1 by means of a direct measurement 3.

[0044] The energy system 10 further includes a component 50 (heat consumer), which consumes at least a part of the total heat generated. This heat consumption is also identified by the reference numeral 50.

[0045] The heat generator 1 is usually thermally coupled to the heat consumer 50 via a heat network. The thermal coupling is indicated by arrows between the heat generator 1 and the heat consumer 50. The direction of these arrows indicates the flow-out and return pipes of the heat network for the heat transfer medium such as water in the heat network. According to the prior art, the heat network is not an integral part of the measurement of the energy system 2. In other words, the energy system 2 only detects the total heat by means of a direct measurement 3.

[0046] Figure 2 Illustratively, in the energy system 10, the heat network between the heat generator 1 and the heat consumer 50 is regarded as a heat storage 4. In other words, the heat network between the heat generator 1 and the heat consumer 50 forms the heat storage 4. In addition, the direct measurement 3 of the total heat generation can be carried out by the energy management system 2 of the energy system 10.

[0047] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the heat consumption is not only detected by means of a direct measurement 3, but also by detecting 42 (measuring) the heat storage and release of the heat network, i.e., the heat storage 4. Thus, when determining the heat consumption by the energy management system 2, the storage characteristics of the heat network can be advantageously taken into account.

[0048] The heat consumption is then determined by the sum of the total heat generation of the generator 1 and the difference between the detected released heat and the detected stored heat. Here, the heat network is regarded as the heat storage 4 according to this embodiment of the present invention. The stored heat or the released heat can be detected on the flow-out or return pipes of the heat network or the heat storage 4, respectively.

[0049] Figure 3 Shows according to Figure 2 The heat consumption detected and smoothed on the heat storage 4 or the heat network.

[0050] Here, time is plotted on the abscissa 101 of the shown graph in arbitrary units. The heat consumption (as heat power) is plotted on the ordinate 102 of the shown graph in arbitrary units (e.g., kilowatts).

[0051] The bending curve 50 corresponds to the detected time-related heat consumption. The heat consumption 50 has an irregular profile with large variations or fluctuations (spikes). Therefore, it is not particularly conducive to predicting the heat consumption with the aid of the energy management system 2, for example as a heat generation curve. An improved curve or improved trend of the heat consumption 50 can be achieved by smoothing.

[0052] Here, the heat consumption 50 is smoothed over time.

[0053] Thereby, the bending curve 51 is obtained. In other words, the bending curve 51 shows the smoothed heat consumption 50. The bending curve 51 can be used as a heat generation curve for the energy management system 2, for example to predict the heat consumption. Thereby, the prediction of the heat consumption with the aid of the energy management system is improved. For this purpose, it is crucial to understand and identify the heat network as the heat storage 4.

[0054] Although the invention has been illustrated and described in more detail by means of preferred embodiments, the invention is not restricted to the disclosed embodiments, or other variants can be derived therefrom by a person skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the invention.

[0055] List of reference numerals

[0056] 1 Generation of total heat

[0057] 2 Energy management system

[0058] 3 Measurement

[0059] 4 Heat storage

[0060] 10 Energy system

[0061] 42 Detection of stored and released heat

[0062] 50 Heat consumption

[0063] 51 Smoothed heat consumption

[0064] 101 Abscissa

[0065] 102 Ordinate

Claims

1. A method for determining the heat consumption (50, 51) of an energy system (10) having a heat storage (4), wherein, The energy system (10) generates a total heat quantity (1) at least within a time range, and the method includes the steps of: - Detecting (42) the heat storage quantity of the heat accumulator (4) within the time range; - Detecting (42) the heat release quantity of the heat accumulator (4) within the time range; and - Calculating the heat consumption (50, 51) within the time range by means of at least one sum composed of the total heat quantity and the difference between the detected heat release quantity and the detected heat storage quantity, wherein the heat accumulator (4) is at least partially formed by the heat network of the energy system (10), wherein the energy system further includes a heat generator (1) and a heat consumer (50), and the heat accumulator (4) is arranged between the heat generator (1) and the heat consumer (50), wherein the heat network has an outflow pipe and / or a return pipe for its heat transfer medium, and the heat release quantity and / or the heat storage quantity of the heat network are detected by considering the volume and / or temperature of the outflow pipe and the return pipe of the heat network.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein Operating the energy system (10) based on the determined heat consumption (50, 51).

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein, Determining the heat consumption (50, 51) by means of an energy management system (2), and wherein the operation of the energy system (10) is carried out by the energy management system (2).

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein Using the calculated heat consumption (50, 51) as a heat load curve for heat load prediction of the energy management system (2).

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein, Before using the calculated heat consumption (50, 51) as a heat load curve, smoothing the calculated heat consumption (50, 51) in terms of time.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, Detecting the heat storage quantity and / or the heat release quantity of the heat network by detecting the temperature difference between two different time points.

7. An energy management system (2) for operating an energy system (10) and / or for predicting the heat consumption (50, 51) of an energy system, wherein, The energy system (10) includes at least one heat accumulator (4), and can generate at least one total heat quantity (1) at least within a time range by means of the energy system (10), and the energy management system (2) includes - Devices for detecting (42) the heat storage quantity of the heat accumulator (4) within the time range; - Devices for detecting (4) the heat release quantity of the heat accumulator (4) within the time range; and - Devices for calculating the heat consumption (50) within the time range by means of a sum composed of the total heat quantity and the difference between the detected heat release quantity and the detected heat storage quantity, wherein the heat accumulator (4) is at least partially designed as a heat network, wherein the energy system further includes a heat generator (1) and a heat consumer (50), and the heat accumulator (4) is arranged between the heat generator (1) and the heat consumer (50), wherein the heat network has an outflow pipe and / or a return pipe for its heat transfer medium, and the heat release quantity and / or the heat storage quantity of the heat network are detected by considering the volume and / or temperature of the outflow pipe and the return pipe of the heat network.

8. An energy system (10), characterized in that, The energy system (10) includes the energy management system (2) according to claim 7.

9. The energy system (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that, The heat network has an outflow pipe and a return pipe, wherein the heat storage and release can be detected by at least one measurement of the temperature of the outflow pipe and / or the return pipe.

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