Automobile alternator

Abstract

An automotive AC generator includes a front cover, a rear cover, a stator, a rotor, a voltage regulator, a rectifier element, a shield and a pulley. The rotor is supported on the front cover and the rear cover by a rotor shaft, the stator is mounted on the front cover and the rear cover relative to the rotor, the voltage regulator and the rectifier element are mounted on the rear cover respectively, the pulley is connected to one end of the rotor shaft, the shield is arranged on the outside of the rectifier element, and at least one temperature detection display is mounted on the front cover and close to the rotor shaft, and / or the temperature detection display is mounted on the shield for detecting the ambient temperature rise. The present invention can visualize the temperature condition of the generator operating condition through the thermochromic rubber on the AC generator, and provide more comprehensive information for the high temperature durability reliability evaluation of the generator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an AC generator for a motor vehicle, in particular to an automobile AC generator with a temperature detection and display function. Background Art

[0002] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 1 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of a motor vehicle AC generator in the prior art. Figure 1 As shown, the prior art AC generator for motor vehicles generally includes: a front cover 10, a rear cover 20, a stator 30, a rotor 40, a voltage regulator 50, a rectifier element 60, a shield 70, and a pulley 80. The AC generator uses the electromagnetic induction principle that the wire cuts the magnetic lines to induce an electric potential, and converts the mechanical energy of the engine into electrical energy output. The rotor 40 is generally a claw machine type, and is composed of an excitation winding, a claw pole and a shaft, a collector ring, etc. A direct current is passed through the excitation winding of the rotor to generate a magnetic field close to a sinusoidal distribution (called a rotor magnetic field). The stator 30 is generally composed of an iron core, a uniformly arranged three-phase winding, etc. When the engine is running, it drives the pulley 80, drives the rotor 40 to rotate, and the rotor magnetic field rotates together. For each revolution, the magnetic lines of force sequentially cut each phase winding of the stator 30, and induces a three-phase AC potential in the three-phase stator winding. The induced three-phase AC potential is full-wave rectified by the rectifying element 60 and supplies power to the external load in a state similar to DC. The voltage regulator 50 uses the allowable voltage of the system as a reference point and adjusts the DC current of the excitation winding flowing through the rotor 40 to achieve the stability of the external output voltage of the generator.

[0003] As an energy conversion output device that runs continuously for a long time, the thermal design of the AC generator directly affects the continuous operation and reliable life of the product. When designing existing AC generators, based on the optimization of electromagnetic and cooling design, the heat-resistant insulation reliability of the generator products can be achieved in a specific design temperature environment range.

[0004] The AC generator is the power supply device of the whole vehicle. Its failure will directly lead to abnormalities in the vehicle's power system and the engine gear train. The system configuration of the AC generator, as one of the key factors for the AC generator's continuous working heat resistance reliability, requires a full system reliability assessment. In the actual configuration scheme evaluation and verification activities, the AC generator is usually subjected to engine bench tests based on typical experimental conditions to achieve a preliminary reliability assessment. On the whole vehicle, the vehicle's power matching is usually confirmed, the specific road spectrum driving verification on the site is completed, and the target vehicle is road tested at a specific location. Based on the above verification results, the product system is finalized and put on the market in batches.

[0005] Before the target vehicle is tested on a long-term road test, a temperature sensor can be used to monitor the vehicle's load current and the ambient temperature of the operating conditions under specific typical operating conditions to preliminarily evaluate the product's ability to meet continuous heat resistance requirements.

[0006] The continuous heat resistance reliability of the AC generator is related to the following factors:

[0007] 1) Operating environment temperature, including: the specific location on the engine, the layout of the engine heat pipe and thermal insulation measures; the cooling structure of the cabin when installed in the vehicle, such as the air duct design, cooling fan type, layout, trigger mechanism, etc.; the high temperature climate conditions where the vehicle is operated;

[0008] 2) The actual output load rate of the generator.

[0009] In view of the above reasons, the reliable temperature tolerance life of the AC generator can only be guaranteed to the greatest extent when the product design margin is very large and the system matching safety factor is sufficient.

[0010] During vehicle use, if the insulation device is aged, the original ventilation duct in the vehicle cabin is modified, the operating clearance of the cabin cooling fan is abnormal, etc., resulting in abnormal cabin temperature, the AC generator will fail due to abnormal temperature during operation, causing the power supply system of the entire vehicle to shut down abnormally. When performing vehicle maintenance, the generator is usually replaced directly. After the replacement, the continuous and reliable operation time of the product is uncertain due to changes in the use environment. That is, the product status of the AC generator in the prior art and the complexity of its actual application configuration make it impossible to fully and effectively provide a clear basis for the risk assessment of high-temperature tolerance reliability in actual application conditions. Summary of the invention

[0011] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an automobile AC generator with a temperature detection and display function in view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art.

[0012] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an automobile AC generator, including a front cover, a rear cover, a stator, a rotor, a voltage regulator, a rectifier element, a shield and a pulley, wherein the rotor is supported on the front cover and the rear cover through a rotor shaft, the stator is mounted on the front cover and the rear cover relative to the rotor, the voltage regulator and the rectifier element are respectively mounted on the rear cover, the pulley is connected to one end of the rotor shaft, and the shield is arranged on the outside of the rectifier element, wherein at least one temperature detection display is also included, which is mounted on the front cover and close to the rotor shaft, and / or the temperature detection display is mounted on the shield for detecting the ambient temperature rise.

[0013] The above-mentioned automobile AC generator, wherein the temperature detection display includes a display housing and a temperature detection display element, the display housing includes a mounting portion and a connecting portion, the temperature detection display element is installed in the mounting portion, and the connecting portion is connected to the front end cover or shield.

[0014] In the above-mentioned automobile AC generator, the rotor shaft is mounted on the front cover and the rear cover through bearing supports, and the temperature detection display element is arranged corresponding to the outer ring of the bearing pressed on the front cover.

[0015] In the above-mentioned automobile AC generator, the display housing arranged on the front end cover is an integrally formed part with the front end cover.

[0016] In the above-mentioned automobile AC generator, the temperature detection and display component is a thermochromic rubber component.

[0017] In the above-mentioned automobile AC generator, when the bearing temperature condition is indicated by color, the display shell is made of aluminum material and the end where the connecting portion is connected to the front end cover is an open structure to conduct heat to the outer ring of the bearing; when the temperature of the cooling air entering the generator through the air inlet of the front end cover is indicated, the display shell is made of engineering plastic PPS material or nylon material and the end where the connecting portion is connected to the front end cover is a closed structure to reduce the temperature conduction of the outer ring of the bearing to the outside.

[0018] In the above-mentioned automobile AC generator, the temperature detection display component includes a first sensing part and a second sensing part, the first sensing part is nested on the second sensing part, and the second sensing part is filled between the first sensing part and the mounting part and is in interference connection with the mounting part.

[0019] In the above-mentioned automobile AC generator, the first sensing part is a copper iodomercurate thermotropic rubber compound material with a low temperature transition temperature, and the second sensing part is a titanium iodomercurate thermotropic rubber compound material with a high temperature transition temperature.

[0020] In the above-mentioned automobile AC generator, the display housing arranged on the shield is an engineering plastic PA66 material piece or a PPS material piece.

[0021] In the above-mentioned automobile AC generator, the display housing and the front end cover are connected by interference fit or threaded connection.

[0022] The technical effects of the present invention are:

[0023] The present invention can visualize the temperature condition of the generator operating condition through the thermochromic rubber on the alternator. In a specific configuration environment, the high temperature state of the alternator can be displayed or recorded according to the temperature condition and load condition in the actual application environment, which can more directly reflect the temperature state that the alternator is in or has been in, provide more comprehensive information for the high temperature durability reliability evaluation of the generator, and assist technicians in fully evaluating the use condition of the alternator.

[0024] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but is not intended to limit the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the structure of a prior art motor vehicle AC generator;

[0026] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the structure of an AC generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a temperature detection display according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a temperature detection display according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5A A schematic diagram of the structure of a temperature detection display according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5B for Figure 5A Left view of;

[0031] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a front end cover of an AC generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a front end cover of an AC generator according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of an AC generator shield according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Among them, the reference numerals

[0035] Prior art

[0036] 10 Front cover

[0037] 20 Rear end cover

[0038] 30 Stator

[0039] 40 Rotor

[0040] 50 Voltage Regulator

[0041] 60 Rectification element

[0042] 70 Shield

[0043] 80 Pulley

[0044] The present invention

[0045] 1 Front cover

[0046] 11 Front cover air inlet

[0047] 12 Front cover exhaust hole

[0048] 2 Rear cover

[0049] 21 Exhaust hole on rear cover

[0050] 3. Stator

[0051] 4 Rotor

[0052] 5 Voltage Regulator

[0053] 6. Rectification element

[0054] 7 Shield

[0055] 71 Shield body

[0056] 72 Ventilation holes

[0057] 8 Pulley

[0058] 9 Temperature detection display

[0059] 91 Display housing

[0060] 92 Temperature detection display

[0061] 921 First Sensing Department

[0062] 922 Second Sensing Department

[0063] 93 Installation

[0064] 94 Connection DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The structural principle and working principle of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0066] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2The structure cross-sectional view of an AC generator of an embodiment of the present invention. The automobile AC generator of the present invention has a temperature detection and display function, and includes a front cover 1, a rear cover 2, a stator 3, a rotor 4, a voltage regulator 5, a rectifier element 6, a shield 7 and a pulley 8. The rotor 4 is supported on the front cover 1 and the rear cover 2 through the rotor 4 shaft. The stator 3 is mounted on the front cover 1 and the rear cover 2 relative to the rotor 4. The voltage regulator 5 and the rectifier element 6 are respectively mounted on the rear cover 2. The pulley 8 is connected to one end of the rotor 4 shaft. The shield 7 is arranged on the outside of the rectifier element 6. It also includes at least one temperature detection display 9, which is mounted on the front cover 1 and close to the rotor 4 shaft, and / or the temperature detection display 9 is mounted on the shield 7 for detecting the ambient temperature rise. The rotor 4 is a claw machine type, which is composed of an excitation winding, a claw pole and a shaft, a collector ring, etc. A direct current is passed through the excitation winding of the rotor 4 to generate a magnetic field close to a sinusoidal distribution (referred to as the rotor 4 magnetic field). The stator 3 is composed of an iron core and evenly arranged three-phase windings. When the engine is running, it drives the pulley 8, and the pulley 8 drives the rotor 4 to rotate through the rotor 4 shaft, and the magnetic field of the rotor 4 rotates together. For each revolution, the magnetic lines of force sequentially cut each phase winding of the stator 3, and induce a three-phase AC potential in the three-phase stator 3 winding. After the induced three-phase AC potential is full-wave rectified by the rectifying element 6, it supplies power to the external load in a state similar to direct current. The voltage regulator 5 uses the voltage allowed by the system as a reference point, and adjusts the DC current of the excitation winding flowing through the rotor 4 to achieve the stability of the generator's external output voltage. The temperature detection display 9 is set at a specific position of the generator component to realize the motor's temperature testing and display functions.

[0067] The AC generator is driven by the engine of a motor vehicle, and is cooled by a centrifugal fan that rotates together with the rotor 4, driving air to flow in from the front cover air inlet 11, passing through the internal heat-generating parts, and then out from the front cover exhaust hole 12. The centrifugal fan that rotates together with the rotor 4 drives air to flow in from the shroud 7 air inlet, passing through the internal heat-generating parts, and then out from the rear cover exhaust hole 21. The internal heat-generating components of the generator are cooled, and continuous and reliable operation is achieved at high temperatures. When the internal components of the generator are in a normal insulation state, the temperature tolerance of the entire machine is directly related to the ambient gas temperature. The high or low ambient gas temperature is directly related to and determines the temperature state of the internal components of the generator.

[0068] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a temperature detection display 9 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the temperature detection display 9 includes a display housing 91 and a temperature detection display element 92. The display housing 91 includes a mounting portion 93 and a connecting portion 94. The temperature detection display element 92 is mounted in the mounting portion 93. The connecting portion 94 is connected to the front end cover 1 or the shield 7. The rotor 4 shaft is mounted on the front end cover 1 and the rear end cover 2 through a bearing support. The temperature detection display element 92 is arranged corresponding to the outer ring of the bearing pressed on the front end cover 1. In this embodiment, the display housing 91 arranged on the front end cover 1 and the front end cover 1 can be an integrally formed part or obtained by machining. The temperature detection display element 92 is preferably a thermochromic rubber part. The color of the temperature detection display element 92 changes according to the change of temperature. The color of the temperature detection display element 92 can qualitatively reflect the ambient temperature. It can also be selected as an irreversible thermochromic rubber part. The irreversible thermochromic rubber can change color according to the change of temperature. The color of the temperature detection display element 92 can qualitatively retain the trace of the highest ambient temperature.

[0069] See also Figure 4 , Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the temperature detection display 9 of another embodiment of the present invention. When the color indication of the bearing temperature condition is performed, the display housing 91 is an aluminum material and the end of the connecting portion 94 connected to the front end cover 1 is an open structure (see Figure 3 ) to better conduct heat to the outer ring of the bearing, so that the temperature display can indicate the temperature condition of the bearing in color, that is, the thermochromic rubber part and the outer steel ring of the bearing placed in the bearing chamber can be in contact with each other, and the temperature change of the position of the thermochromic rubber part can stimulate its color change, monitor and retain the high temperature of the bearing during the operation of the generator, which is the key basis for whether the bearing needs to be completely replaced during the maintenance period of the generator; when indicating the temperature of the cooling air entering the generator through the front cover air inlet 11, the display housing 91 is an engineering plastic PPS material part or a nylon material part and the end of the connecting part 94 connected to the front cover 1 is a closed structure (see Figure 4 ) to reduce the temperature conduction of the outer ring of the bearing to the outside. At this time, the temperature of the cooling air entering the generator through the front cover air inlet 11 can be indicated.

[0070] See also Figure 5A and 5B , Figure 5A This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a temperature detection display 9 according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5B for Figure 5AThe left view of the temperature detection display part 92 of this embodiment includes a first sensing part 921 and a second sensing part 922, wherein the first sensing part 921 is nested on the second sensing part 922, and the second sensing part 922 is filled between the first sensing part 921 and the mounting part 93 and is connected with the mounting part 93 by interference fit. Among them, the first sensing part 921 is preferably a reversible color-changing rubber with a low temperature change temperature, such as a thermotropic rubber compound material of copper iodine mercury acid (CuHgI4), which changes from red to black at 71°C; the second sensing part 922 is preferably a reversible color-changing rubber with a high temperature change temperature, such as a thermotropic rubber compound material of titanium iodine mercury acid (Ti2HgI4), which changes from yellow to red when the temperature is higher than 120°C. When this embodiment is used as a temperature indicator, the color combinations of the first sensing part 921 and the second sensing part 922 from low to high temperature are: red inside and yellow, black inside and yellow outside, and black inside and red outside.

[0071] See also Figure 6 and Figure 7 , Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a front end cover 1 of an AC generator according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of a front end cover 1 of an AC generator according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 The temperature detection display 9 is arranged on the front end cover 1; it can also be as Figure 7 As shown, considering the strength and reliability of the front end cover 1, multiple temperature detection displays 9 can be arranged on the front end cover 1, and the figure shows that three temperature detection displays 9 are arranged. The display housing 91 and the front end cover 1 are connected by interference or thread.

[0072] See also Figure 8 , Figure 8 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the AC generator shield 7 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the temperature detection display 9 can also be set on the shield body 71 of the shield 7 to detect the ambient temperature rise. The temperature detection display 9 is preferably set near the ventilation hole 72 of the shield 7. The display housing 91 set on the shield 7 is selected from a material with a lower thermal conductivity, such as an engineering plastic PA66 material or a PPS material. The low thermal conductivity of the material can ensure that the temperature affecting the thermochromic rubber part is largely derived from the external cooling air temperature.

[0073] The present invention provides thermochromic rubber parts at specific positions of the generator components to realize the motor's temperature testing and display functions, which can objectively and intuitively respond to the actual operating conditions of the generator, and is used to determine the severity of the generator's operating conditions, providing an intuitive basis for the reliability matching of the AC generator.

[0074] Of course, the present invention may have many other embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various corresponding changes and modifications based on the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. An automotive AC generator, comprising a front cover, a rear cover, a stator, a rotor, a voltage regulator, a rectifier element, a shield and a pulley, wherein the rotor is supported on the front cover and the rear cover through a rotor shaft, the stator is mounted on the front cover and the rear cover relative to the rotor, the voltage regulator and the rectifier element are respectively mounted on the rear cover, the pulley is connected to one end of the rotor shaft, and the shield is arranged on the outside of the rectifier element, characterized in that: Also includes at least one temperature detection display, which is mounted on the front end cover and arranged close to the rotor shaft, and / or the temperature detection display is mounted on the shield for detecting the ambient temperature rise; Wherein, the temperature detection display comprises a display housing and a temperature detection display element, the display housing comprises a mounting portion and a connecting portion, the temperature detection display element is mounted in the mounting portion, and the connecting portion is connected to the front end cover or the shield; The temperature detection display part is a thermochromic rubber part; the temperature detection display part includes a first sensing part and a second sensing part, the first sensing part is nested on the second sensing part, the second sensing part is filled between the first sensing part and the mounting part and is in interference connection with the mounting part; the first sensing part is a thermochromic rubber compound material of copper iodomercurate with a low temperature change temperature, and the second sensing part is a thermochromic rubber compound material of titanium iodomercurate with a high temperature change temperature; when used as a temperature indicator, the color combination of the temperature of the first sensing part and the second sensing part from low to high is: red inside and yellow outside, black inside and yellow outside, and black inside and red outside; When the temperature condition of the bearing is indicated by color, the display housing is made of aluminum material and the end where the connecting portion is connected to the front end cover is an open structure to conduct heat to the outer ring of the bearing; when the temperature of the cooling air entering the generator through the air inlet of the front end cover is indicated, the display housing is made of engineering plastic PPS material or nylon material and the end where the connecting portion is connected to the front end cover is a closed structure to reduce the conduction of temperature from the outer ring of the bearing to the outside.

2. The automotive alternator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotor shaft is mounted on the front cover and the rear cover through bearing supports, and the temperature detection display element is arranged corresponding to the outer ring of the bearing press-fitted on the front cover.

3. The automotive AC generator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The display housing arranged on the front end cover is an integrally formed part with the front end cover.

4. The automotive AC generator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The display housing arranged on the shield is made of engineering plastic PA66 material or PPS material.

5. The automotive AC generator according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The display housing and the front end cover are connected by interference fit or threaded connection.

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