A compressor test bench with a power recovery turbine

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of compressor technology, and specifically to a compressor test bench with a power recovery turbine, comprising a full-size test compressor, wherein the inlet of the test compressor is provided with an air intake chamber connected to the air intake system; the front end of the rotor of the test compressor is connected to the power system, and power is input from the cold end; the outlet of the test compressor is provided with a diffuser section, and the diffuser section is connected to an air turbine for power recovery; the front end of the rotor of the air turbine is coaxially connected to the rear end of the rotor of the test compressor; the outlet of the air turbine is connected to the exhaust duct of the test bench; and an adjustment component is provided on the outer cylinder of the diffuser section. The present invention can reduce the energy consumption of the compressor test bench, and the power source of the compressor test only needs to provide about 30% of the actual power demand to support the implementation of the compressor performance test; reduce the processing cost and cycle of the whole machine test; the auxiliary system of the present invention can be appropriately modified to undertake subsequent whole machine test tasks, thereby improving the utilization rate of the test bench.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of compressors, and in particular to a compressor test bench with a power recovery turbine. Background Art

[0002] Compressor testing is an effective means of verifying the aerodynamic performance and structural design of a compressor and is an essential step in the development of a combustion engine. Traditional compressor test benches often use a single power source to drive the compressor for testing. The more common power sources are a combination of a static inverter and a variable frequency motor, a gas turbine, or a combination of a fixed frequency motor and a torque converter. During compressor testing, the power consumption of the compressor is relatively high. Reducing compressor power consumption usually involves reducing the compressor's intake flow rate through intake throttling, thereby reducing the compressor's power consumption. This method is accompanied by a decrease in the test compressor's performance due to a reduction in the Reynolds number.

[0003] Chinese patent CN108279127B discloses a compressor comprehensive performance test bench. A test compressor, dual-purpose motor, and test turbine are coaxially connected. The first and second system inlets are connected in parallel and then connected to the test compressor inlet. The first compressor outlet branch is connected to the cold-end inlet of the regenerator, and then to the cold-end outlet of the regenerator via the cold-end branch. The second compressor outlet branch is connected to a coarse and fine-regulation branch, respectively. The coarse and fine-regulation branches, along with the cold-end outlet of the regenerator, are then connected to an electric heater and the turbine inlet. The third compressor outlet branch is connected to the exhaust duct. The first turbine outlet branch is connected to the hot-end inlet of the regenerator, and then to the hot-end outlet of the regenerator via the hot-end branch. The exhaust duct is then connected to the exhaust duct. The second turbine outlet branch is connected to the exhaust duct. This test bench is capable of not only conducting conventional compressor performance tests but also wet compression tests and Brayton cycle performance tests on compressors. However, this test bench has a complex piping layout and lacks an interstage air bleed system. Its functions cannot meet the compressor test requirements of industrial gas turbines. It has low commonality with gas turbine complete unit test benches. Subsequent test benches are difficult to transform into gas turbine complete unit test benches, which is not conducive to carrying out serialized tests of gas turbine products.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to design a compressor test bench with a power recovery turbine, which uses the air turbine to recover the high-temperature and high-pressure air discharged by the test compressor. By arranging it coaxially with the test compressor, the power consumption of the test compressor can be effectively reduced, and the actual needs of industrial gas turbine compressor testing can be met to the greatest extent. The working state of the compressor in the gas turbine can be restored as much as possible, and the compressor test results that are closest to actual applications can be obtained. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a compressor test bench with a power recovery turbine. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] A compressor test bench with a power recovery turbine comprises a full-size test compressor, wherein the inlet of the test compressor is provided with an air intake chamber, which is connected to the air intake system; the front end of the rotor of the test compressor is connected to the power system, and power is input from the cold end; the outlet of the test compressor is provided with a diffuser section, which is connected to an air turbine for recovering power; the front end of the rotor of the air turbine is coaxially connected to the rear end of the rotor of the test compressor; the outlet of the air turbine is connected to the exhaust duct of the test bench; an adjusting component is provided between the diffuser section and the air turbine for adjusting the exhaust pressure of the test compressor and the intake pressure of the air turbine.

[0007] Furthermore, the regulating component is a rotating diaphragm throttle arranged on the outer cylinder of the diffuser section, and the rotating diaphragm throttle is arranged perpendicular to the rotor center line of the test compressor. The rotating diaphragm throttle includes a rotating ring and a fixed ring; a plurality of baffles are provided on the rotating ring, and a plurality of ventilation windows corresponding to the baffles are provided on the fixed ring; when the rotating ring rotates, the overlapping part of the baffle and the ventilation window changes continuously, thereby adjusting the exhaust pressure of the test compressor and the intake pressure of the air turbine.

[0008] Furthermore, the regulating component may also be an adjustable nozzle provided at the inlet of the air turbine, and when the adjustable nozzle rotates, the exhaust pressure of the test compressor and the intake pressure of the air turbine are adjusted.

[0009] Furthermore, the test compressor is provided with adjustable stator blades, and the number of the adjustable stator blades is at least one row.

[0010] Furthermore, the interstages of the test compressor are connected to an interstage bleed system, and the interstage bleed system includes an anti-surge bleed valve and a cold air regulating valve. The anti-surge bleed valve and the cold air regulating valve are arranged in parallel, and the exhaust pipe of the anti-surge bleed valve is connected to the exhaust duct of the test bench.

[0011] Furthermore, the exhaust pipeline of the cold air regulating valve is merged into the exhaust pipeline of the anti-surge relief valve.

[0012] Furthermore, the exhaust pipe of the cold air regulating valve may also be connected to the interstage position of the air turbine.

[0013] Furthermore, the number of the interstage bleed air system is at least one group.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer cylinder of the diffuser section is connected to a bypass exhaust system, which includes a first back-surge regulating valve and a second back-surge regulating valve. The first back-surge regulating valve and the second back-surge regulating valve are arranged in parallel, and the gas entering the bypass exhaust system passes through the first back-surge regulating valve and the second back-surge regulating valve and then merges into the test bench exhaust duct.

[0015] Furthermore, the air intake system includes a first pressure stabilizing tank, an air intake diffuser section, and a second pressure stabilizing tank arranged in sequence. The first pressure stabilizing tank is provided with a droplet separator, a pre-filter, a silencer, a guide vane, a first honeycomb flow stabilizer and an inlet flow pipe in sequence. The air intake diffuser section is provided with an air intake throttle valve. The second pressure stabilizing tank is provided with a orifice flow stabilizer and a second honeycomb flow stabilizer in sequence.

[0016] Furthermore, the intake throttle valve is a shutter-type throttle valve or a piston-type pressure reducing valve.

[0017] Furthermore, the power system includes a power source, a cranking device and a gearbox, and the gearbox has a first output shaft, a second output shaft and a third output shaft; the first output shaft is connected to the power source through a coupling, the second output shaft is connected to the cranking device, and the third output shaft is connected to the test compressor.

[0018] Furthermore, the power source is a variable frequency motor, and the variable frequency motor is connected to a static frequency converter.

[0019] Furthermore, the power source may also be a fixed-frequency motor, and a torque converter is provided between the fixed-frequency motor and the gearbox.

[0020] Furthermore, the power source may also be a generator, and the generator is connected to a static frequency converter.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. The present invention recovers the energy of the compressor exhaust by coaxially arranging an air turbine at the rear end of the test compressor. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas output by the test compressor enters the air turbine, which causes the air turbine to work, converting the internal energy of the gas into mechanical energy to drive the turbine to rotate. The rotor of the air turbine then drives the rotor of the coaxially connected test compressor to rotate. Here, the output power of the air turbine is used by the test compressor and can be regarded as an auxiliary power source for the test compressor, reducing the power demand of the test compressor for the power source and reducing the energy consumption of the compressor test bench. According to three-dimensional numerical simulation prediction, the power that can be recovered by the air turbine reaches 35% to 50% of the power consumption of the compressor. Furthermore, combined with the throttling effect of the intake throttle, the power source of the compressor test only needs to provide about 30% of the actual power demand to support the implementation of the full-scale compressor performance test.

[0023] 2. The arrangement of the test compressor and air turbine of the present invention can ensure that a large number of parts of the full-size test compressor body are consistent with the whole engine. After the compressor performance test is completed, some parts can continue to be used in the whole engine test, reducing the processing cost of the whole engine test and shortening the processing cycle of the whole engine test prototype.

[0024] 3. The compressor test bench layout of this invention ensures that some of its auxiliary systems are compatible with full-turbine testing. After the compressor performance test is completed, the auxiliary systems can be appropriately modified to handle subsequent full-turbine testing. Systems requiring evaluation and appropriate modification include the test system, air intake system, interstage bleed air system, power system, lubricating oil system, control oil system, instrument air system, and cooling water system.

[0025] 4. The present invention sets up a bypass exhaust system, which includes two desurge control valves arranged in parallel. When surge occurs in the compressor, the surge monitoring system will send a switching signal in a very short time to control the first desurge control valve to open quickly. If the first desurge control valve is stuck, the control system will quickly open the second desurge control valve to achieve desurge of the test piece and quickly relieve the surge problem of the compressor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a connection diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a connection diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a connection diagram of embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the test compressor and the air turbine when the regulating component in the present invention is a rotary diaphragm throttle.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the test compressor and the air turbine when the adjusting component in the present invention is an adjustable nozzle.

[0031] Description of reference numerals:

[0032] 1-First pressure stabilizing tank, 2-Droplet separator, 3-Pre-filter, 4-Muffler, 5-Guide vane, 6-First honeycomb flow stabilizer, 7-Inlet flow tube, 8-Inlet diffuser, 9-Inlet throttle, 10-Orifice flow stabilizer, 11-Second honeycomb flow stabilizer, 12-Second pressure stabilizing tank, 13-Inlet chamber, 14-Adjustable stator, 15-Test compressor, 16-Diffuser, 17-Anti-surge bleed valve, 18-Cold air regulating valve, 19-Regulating component, 20-Air turbine, 21-First anti-surge regulating valve, 22-Second anti-surge regulating valve, 23-Coupling, 24-Winding device, 25-Gearbox, 26-Static frequency converter, 27-Variable frequency motor, 28-Fixed frequency motor, 29-Torque converter, 30-Rotating ring, 31-Fixed ring, 32-Generator, 33-Adjustable nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. It does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a compressor test bench with a power recovery turbine, comprising a test compressor 15, wherein the inlet of the test compressor 15 is provided with an air intake chamber 13, and the air intake chamber 13 is connected to the air intake system; the front end of the rotor of the test compressor 15 is connected to the power system; the outlet of the test compressor 15 is provided with a diffuser section 16, and the diffuser section 16 is connected to an air turbine 20, and the front end of the rotor of the air turbine 20 is coaxially connected to the rear end of the rotor of the test compressor 15; the outlet of the air turbine 20 is connected to the exhaust duct of the test bench; an adjusting component 19 is provided between the diffuser section 16 and the air turbine 20, for adjusting the exhaust pressure of the test compressor 15 and the intake pressure of the air turbine 20.

[0036] like Figure 4As shown, the regulating component 19 is a rotating diaphragm throttle arranged on the outer cylinder of the diffuser section 16, and the rotating diaphragm throttle is arranged perpendicular to the rotor center line of the test compressor 15. The rotating diaphragm throttle consists of a rotating ring 30 and a fixed ring 31; a plurality of baffles are provided on the rotating ring 30, and a plurality of ventilation windows corresponding to the baffles are provided on the fixed ring 31; the rotating ring 30 and the fixed ring 31 are connected by ball bearings to ensure smooth rotation of the rotating ring 30; when the rotating ring 30 rotates, the overlapping part of the baffle and the ventilation window changes continuously, thereby adjusting the exhaust pressure of the test compressor 15 and the intake pressure of the air turbine 20.

[0037] like Figure 5 As shown, the regulating component 19 may also be an adjustable nozzle 33 provided at the inlet of the air turbine 20 , which can also regulate the exhaust pressure of the test compressor 15 and the intake pressure of the air turbine 20 .

[0038] Furthermore, the test compressor 15 is provided with adjustable stator blades 14 , and the adjustable stator blades 14 are arranged in at least one row, and the opening of the adjustable stator blades 14 is adjustable.

[0039] Furthermore, the interstages of the test compressor 15 are connected to an interstage bleed system, which includes an anti-surge bleed valve 17 and a cold air regulating valve 18. The anti-surge bleed valve 17 and the cold air regulating valve 18 are arranged in parallel, with the exhaust line of the cold air regulating valve 18 merging with the exhaust line of the anti-surge bleed valve 17, which is then connected to the exhaust duct of the test bench. During testing, the anti-surge bleed volume and the cooling air volume can be adjusted by adjusting the openings of the anti-surge bleed valve 17 and the cold air regulating valve 18. Furthermore, the cold air regulating valve 18 can serve as a fine-tuning valve for the anti-surge bleed valve 17, achieving more precise anti-surge bleed volume adjustment.

[0040] The number of the interstage bleed air systems is determined based on the interstage anti-surge bleed air requirement of the test compressor 15 and the cooling air requirement of the gas turbine in the gas turbine corresponding to the test compressor. The number of the interstage bleed air systems is not limited to one set.

[0041] Furthermore, the outer cylinder of the diffuser section 16 is connected to a bypass exhaust system, which includes a first back-surge regulating valve 21 and a second back-surge regulating valve 22. The first back-surge regulating valve 21 and the second back-surge regulating valve 22 are arranged in parallel, and both the first back-surge regulating valve 21 and the second back-surge regulating valve 22 have adjustable and quick-opening functions; the exhaust pipe of the second back-surge regulating valve 22 is merged into the exhaust pipe of the first back-surge regulating valve 21, and the exhaust pipe of the first back-surge regulating valve 21 is connected to the exhaust duct of the test bench. The function of the first de-surge regulating valve 21 is to realize the rapid de-surge of the test compressor 15. During the test startup process, the first de-surge regulating valve 21 is in a closed state. When the test compressor 15 surges, the first de-surge regulating valve 21 quickly opens after receiving the signal to quickly discharge the high-pressure gas; the second de-surge regulating valve 22 has two functions. First, at the beginning of the test, the operating point of the test compressor 15 can be changed by adjusting the second de-surge regulating valve 22. At this time, the second de-surge regulating valve 22 mainly realizes its function of adjusting the operating condition of the test compressor 15; second, when the second de-surge regulating valve 22 is adjusted to a fully closed state, the second de-surge regulating valve 22 mainly realizes its backup de-surge function: when the first de-surge regulating valve 21 is stuck, the second de-surge regulating valve 22 is quickly opened to realize the de-surge of the test piece.

[0042] The functions of the first back-surge regulating valve 21 and the second back-surge regulating valve 22 can be flexibly interchanged and back up each other: the first back-surge regulating valve 21 can be used to regulate the compressor test operating condition and perform the backup back-surge function, while the second back-surge regulating valve 22 can perform the main back-surge function; or the first back-surge regulating valve 21 can be used to regulate the compressor test operating condition and perform the main back-surge function, while the second back-surge regulating valve 22 can perform the backup back-surge function.

[0043] Specifically, the air intake system includes a first pressure stabilizing tank 1, an air intake diffuser section 8, and a second pressure stabilizing tank 12, which are sequentially arranged. The first pressure stabilizing tank 1 is sequentially provided with a droplet separator 2, a pre-filter 3, a silencer 4, a guide vane 5, a first honeycomb flow stabilizer 6, and an inlet flow pipe 7. The air intake diffuser section 8 is provided with an air intake throttle 9. The second pressure stabilizing tank 12 is sequentially provided with an orifice plate flow stabilizer 10 and a second honeycomb flow stabilizer 11. The air intake throttle 9 is a shutter-type throttle valve or a piston-type pressure reducing valve, which throttles the air intake of the test compressor 15, thereby reducing the power demand of the test. The rectifier arrangement schemes in the first pressure stabilizing tank 1 and the second pressure stabilizing tank 12 are not unique. Technical solutions that can meet the compressor inlet unevenness and turbulence requirements through simple replacement or adjustment are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Specifically, the power system includes a power source, a cranking device 24, and a gearbox 25. The gearbox 25 has a first output shaft, a second output shaft, and a third output shaft. The first output shaft is connected to the power source via a coupling 23, the second output shaft is connected to the cranking device 24, and the third output shaft is connected to the test compressor 15. The power source is a variable frequency motor 27, which is connected to a static frequency converter 26.

[0045] The above-mentioned compressor test bench also requires other auxiliary systems, including: test system, lubricating oil system, control oil system, instrument air system, cooling water system, etc.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, the difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that the exhaust pipe of the cold air regulating valve 18 is connected to the interstage position of the air turbine 20, the power source is a fixed-frequency motor 28, and a torque converter 29 is provided between the fixed-frequency motor 28 and the gear box 25.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, the difference between the third embodiment and the first embodiment is that the power source is a generator 32 , and the generator 32 is connected to the static inverter 26 .

[0050] The working process of the above-mentioned compressor test bench is as follows: air enters the air intake chamber 13 and the test compressor 15 in sequence through the air intake system for compression. The power of the test compressor 15 comes from the power system. Part of the air is compressed by the test compressor 15 and then discharged into the air turbine 20 through the diffuser section 16 and the rotating diaphragm throttle. The high-temperature and high-pressure air enters the air turbine 20 and expands to do work. The operation of the air turbine 20 provides part of the power for the test compressor 15. According to the power relationship between the test compressor 15 and the air turbine 20, the air turbine 20 can always recover 35% to 50% of the power consumption of the test compressor 15 during the test start-up process. Combined with a certain intake throttling, the power provided by the power source only accounts for about 30% of the actual power demand of the test compressor 15, reducing the energy consumption of the entire test bench. During the test, the exhaust pressure of the test compressor 15 and the intake pressure of the air turbine 20 are adjusted by adjusting the opening of the first degassing regulating valve 21 or the second degassing regulating valve 22 and the opening of the rotary diaphragm throttle in turn, thereby adjusting the compressor test conditions to measure the compressor characteristic line at a certain speed.

[0051] The above specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of these should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compressor test bench with a power recovery turbine, comprising a full-size test compressor, wherein the inlet of the test compressor is provided with an air intake chamber connected to an air intake system; the front end of the rotor of the test compressor is connected to a power system, and power is input from the cold end; characterized in that: The outlet of the test compressor is provided with a diffuser section, which is connected to an air turbine for power recovery; the front end of the rotor of the air turbine is coaxially connected to the rear end of the rotor of the test compressor; the outlet of the air turbine is connected to the exhaust duct of the test bench; an adjustment component is provided between the diffuser section and the air turbine for adjusting the exhaust pressure of the test compressor and the intake pressure of the air turbine; The regulating component is a rotary diaphragm throttle provided on the outer cylinder of the diffuser section, and the rotary diaphragm throttle includes a rotating ring and a fixed ring; the rotating ring is provided with a plurality of blocking plates, and the fixed ring is provided with a plurality of vents corresponding to the blocking plates; when the rotating ring rotates, the overlapping portion between the blocking plates and the vents continuously changes, thereby regulating the exhaust pressure of the test compressor and the intake pressure of the air turbine; The interstages of the test compressor are connected to an interstage bleed system, which includes an anti-surge bleed valve and a cold air regulating valve. The anti-surge bleed valve and the cold air regulating valve are arranged in parallel, and the exhaust pipe of the anti-surge bleed valve is connected to the exhaust duct of the test bench.

2. The compressor test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary diaphragm throttle is arranged perpendicular to the rotor center line of the test compressor.

3. The compressor test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust pipeline of the cold air regulating valve is merged into the exhaust pipeline of the anti-surge bleed valve.

4. The compressor test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust pipe of the cold air regulating valve is connected to the interstage position of the air turbine.

5. The compressor test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the interstage bleed air system is at least one group.

6. The compressor test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer cylinder of the diffuser section is connected to a bypass exhaust system, which includes a first back-surge regulating valve and a second back-surge regulating valve. The first back-surge regulating valve and the second back-surge regulating valve are arranged in parallel. The gas entering the bypass exhaust system passes through the first back-surge regulating valve and the second back-surge regulating valve and then merges into the exhaust duct of the test bench.

7. The compressor test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air intake system includes a first pressure stabilizing tank, an air intake diffuser section, and a second pressure stabilizing tank, which are arranged in sequence. The first pressure stabilizing tank is provided with a droplet separator, a pre-filter, a muffler, a guide vane, a first honeycomb flow stabilizer, and an inlet flow pipe, the air intake diffuser section is provided with an air intake throttle, and the second pressure stabilizing tank is provided with an orifice plate flow stabilizer and a second honeycomb flow stabilizer, which are arranged in sequence.

8. The compressor test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power system includes a power source, a cranking device and a gearbox, and the gearbox has a first output shaft, a second output shaft and a third output shaft; the first output shaft is connected to the power source through a coupling, the second output shaft is connected to the cranking device, and the third output shaft is connected to the test compressor.

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