Parking lock device for a motor vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a parking lock device for a motor vehicle, having a pivotably mounted locking pawl (20) which is latched into or out of a parking lock gear (30) which acts on a wheel of the motor vehicle, an axially displaceable locking element (60) which is clamped between the locking pawl (20) and a guide plate (73) in the engaged state of the parking lock device, an actuating device (50) which acts axially on the locking element, a guide rod (40) which is connected or operatively connected to the locking element (60) and is axially displaceable, and a spring element (80) which pre-tensions the locking pawl (20) in the disengaged direction. The first free end of the spring element is directly supported at a support section of the locking pawl, while the second free end of the spring element is directly supported at a support contour of the guide rod. The support contour is embodied in such a way that the pre-tensioning force of the spring element is not reduced when the parking lock device is disengaged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The invention relates to a parking lock device for a motor vehicle, comprising a locking pawl pivotably supported on a pawl bolt, which locking pawl is latched into or out of a parking lock gear acting on a wheel of the motor vehicle, a locking element axially displaceable in the engaged and disengaged state of the parking lock device, which locking element is clamped between the locking pawl and a guide plate fixed to the housing in the engaged state of the parking lock device, to prevent the locking pawl from being pressed out of the tooth gap of the parking lock gear, an actuating device acting on the locking element in the axial direction to disengage the parking lock device, a guide rod connected or operatively connected to the locking element, which guide rod is axially displaced in the engaged and disengaged state of the parking lock device, and a spring element pre-tensioning the locking pawl in the disengaged direction of the parking lock device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Various parking lock mechanisms for motor vehicles are known from the prior art. These parking lock mechanisms generally comprise locking pawls pivotably supported on a pawl bolt fastened at the housing, the pawl teeth of which are latched into or out of a parking lock gear acting on a wheel of the motor vehicle, and a locking element axially displaceable by an actuating device, which locking element is clamped between the locking pawl and a guide plate fixed to the housing in the locked state, to prevent the locking pawl from being pressed out of the tooth gap of the parking lock gear.

[0003] Parking lock devices are known, for example, from DE 10 2018 130 315 A1 and DE 10 2019 101 467 A1, in which, viewed spatially, the locking pawl is arranged hanging, i.e. spatially above the parking lock gear. Here, the locking element is designed as a roller system comprising two rollers rolling one after the other, which are rotatably supported in a roller carriage, wherein one of the two rollers is directed towards the locking pawl and the other of the two rollers is directed towards the guide plate. The guide plate is here a component of a carrier element, which itself is screwed to the housing and receives the pawl bolt. The actuating device mechanically acts on the roller carriage.

[0004] In the embodiment shown in DE 10 2018 130 315 A1, the actuating device is designed as an electric motor type drive with a crankshaft drive, which acts on the roller carriage by means of a guide rod. To this end, the guide rod is hinged into the roller carriage with its end facing the roller, while the end of the guide rod facing away from the roller passes through a bore of the carrier element and is thus supported in an axially displaceable manner on the carrier element, which is fixed to the housing. In the embodiment shown in DE 10 2019 101 467 A1, the actuating device acts directly on the roller carriage, wherein here too a guide rod is provided, which is connected to the roller carriage, the end of the guide rod facing away from the roller passes through a bore of the carrier element and is thus supported in an axially displaceable manner on the carrier element, which is fixed to the housing. In both embodiments, a spring, which is designed as a pressure spring, is clamped between this support section of the carrier element and the roller carriage, which spring concentrically surrounds the guide rod and pre-tensions the roller carriage in the direction promoting engagement of the hill hold device.

[0005] In both embodiments, a return spring, which is designed as a helical torsion spring, is thus provided, the turns of which concentrically surround a section of the pawl peg, wherein one free end of the helical torsion spring is directly supported at the locking pawl, while the other free end of the helical torsion spring is directly supported at the carrier element, which is fixed to the housing. The disengagement spring thus pre-tensions the locking pawl in the direction promoting disengagement of the hill hold device. If the hill hold device is in the disengaged state, the pre-tensioning force of the return spring prevents the locking pawl from falling in the direction of the hill hold gear due to the force of gravity.

[0006] Correspondingly, in both embodiments, the hill hold device is engaged by the spring force of the engagement spring against the spring force of the return spring. While the hill hold device is disengaged by the actuating force of the actuating device with the aid of the spring force of the return spring against the spring force of the engagement spring.

[0007] It is disadvantageous in this construction and arrangement that the spring force for holding the hill hold device in the disengaged state is relatively high, since the inertial force of the locking pawl acts in the direction of engagement of the hill hold device for design reasons. It is even worse that the pawl return spring loses its pre-tensioning when the locking pawl performs the pivoting movement promoting disengagement of the hill hold device, since it is firmly hinged to the carrier element, which is fixed to the housing, and to the locking pawl. This can lead to problems in the case of holding the locking pawl in the disengaged state, especially when the motor vehicle is highly dynamic and the size of the disengagement spring is set such that a relatively small actuating force is required to engage the hill hold device. SUMMARY

[0008] The basic object of the present application is to improve a parking lock device of the type mentioned in the opening paragraph, in particular with regard to the actuating forces.

[0009] This object is achieved by a parking lock device according to the application. Further design features and advantages according to the application result from the other preferred embodiments of the application.

[0010] The application is therefore based on a parking lock device for a motor vehicle, comprising a locking pawl, a parking lock gear, a locking element, a guide plate fixed to a housing, a guide rod, an actuating device and a spring element. The locking pawl is pivotably supported on a pawl peg and is latched into or out of the parking lock gear, which acts on a wheel of the motor vehicle, depending on the switching position. The locking element is axially displaceable to engage and disengage the parking lock device. The locking element is clamped between the locking pawl and the guide plate fixed to the housing in the engaged state of the parking lock device, in order to prevent the locking pawl from being pressed out of the tooth gap of the parking lock gear. The actuating device acts on the locking element in the axial direction to disengage the parking lock device. The guide rod is connected or operatively connected to the locking element and is axially, i.e. in the longitudinal direction, displaced when the parking lock device is engaged and disengaged. The spring element pre-tensions the locking pawl in the disengagement direction of the parking lock device, so that the parking lock device is engaged against the spring force of the spring element.

[0011] According to the application, it is proposed that the spring element supports its first free end directly at a support section of the locking pawl and its second free end directly at a support contour of the guide rod, the connecting rod.

[0012] Here, the first free end of the spring element rests statically against the support section of the locking pawl. Thus, when the locking pawl is pivoted from the engaged state of the parking lock device towards the disengaged state, the change in the spatial position experienced by the first free end of the spring element acts on the pre-tensioning force of the spring element with reduced effect, as in the prior art.

[0013] The second free end of the spring element, on the other hand, slides along the support contour of the guide rod when the guide rod moves axially. When the guide rod is axially displaced from the engaged state of the parking lock device towards the disengaged state, this translational movement or change in the spatial position experienced by the second free end of the spring element increases the pre-tensioning force of the spring element in a particularly advantageous manner.

[0014] The geometry of the support contour is embodied or designed according to the invention in such a way that the translatory movement or the change in the spatial position of the second free end of the spring element that occurs when the parking lock is disengaged results in an increase in the pretension of the spring element, which at least compensates for the loss of pretension of the spring element caused by the pivoting of the locking pawl, so that the pretension of the spring element as a whole does not decrease as a result when the parking lock is disengaged.

[0015] The parking lock device solution according to the invention thus eliminates the disadvantages of the prior art, in which the pivoting of the locking pawl when the parking lock is disengaged results in a loss of pretension of the spring element that works in the form of a disengagement spring or a locking pawl return spring.

[0016] If the spring element according to the invention is to provide the same pretension as the return spring according to the prior art in the "parking lock device engaged" state for an existing parking lock gear / locking pawl combination, the invention can achieve in a particularly advantageous manner an increased reliability in the "parking lock device disengaged" state compared to the prior art, which prevents the locking pawl from being pivoted in an undesired manner in the direction that promotes engagement of the parking lock device. This advantage is particularly valuable if the locking pawl is mounted in a suspended manner.

[0017] If the spring element according to the invention is to provide the same pretension as the return spring according to the prior art in the "parking lock device disengaged" state for an existing parking lock gear / locking pawl combination, the invention can achieve in a particularly advantageous manner a reduced actuating force required to disengage the parking lock device compared to the prior art.

[0018] By means of the geometry of the support contour (provided according to the invention on the axially movable guide rod) it is also possible with the invention to adapt the force curve that occurs when the parking lock device is disengaged in an advantageous manner to the requirements of the application.

[0019] In a preferred advantageous first design of the invention it is proposed that the support contour (provided on the guide rod that can be axially displaced to engage and disengage the parking lock device) is designed in such a way that the pretension of the spring element increases incrementally when the parking lock device is disengaged. The increase in the pretension of the spring element when the parking lock device is disengaged thus takes place depending on the support contour geometry and the axial displacement of the guide rod.

[0020] To this end, the support contour can have a curvature in the axial direction of the guide rod, i.e. in the longitudinal direction of the guide rod, which is designed to be convex when viewed in the direction of the guide plate which is fixed to the housing. Here, the support contour can be designed, for example, as a circular-arc segment when viewed in the axial or longitudinal direction of the guide rod, the center point of the circle of which is arranged on the side of the guide rod facing the locking pawl.

[0021] In an advantageous second design of the application, it is proposed that the support contour (on the guide rod which is axially displaceable for engaging and disengaging the parking lock) is designed such that the pretension of the spring element remains constant or, alternatively, increases linearly when the parking lock is disengaged.

[0022] To this end, the support contour can be designed as a straight line which is inclined at an angle with respect to the central axis of the guide rod when viewed in the axial direction of the guide rod, i.e. in the longitudinal direction of the guide rod.

[0023] The angle thus defines the extent to which the pretension of the spring element is compensated for when the locking pawl is pivoted.

[0024] In an advantageous third design of the application, it is proposed that the support contour (on the guide rod which is axially displaceable for engaging and disengaging the parking lock) is designed such that the pretension of the spring element increases exponentially when the parking lock is disengaged. The increase in the pretension of the spring element when the parking lock is disengaged thus depends on the support-contour geometry and the axial displacement of the guide rod.

[0025] To this end, the support contour can have a curvature in the axial or longitudinal direction of the guide rod, which is designed to be concave when viewed in the direction of the guide plate which is fixed to the housing. Here, the support contour can be designed, for example, as a circular-arc segment when viewed in the axial or longitudinal direction of the guide rod, the center point of the circle of which is arranged on the side of the guide rod facing away from the locking pawl.

[0026] In a structural refinement of the application, it is proposed that the spring element is designed as a spiral torsion spring which coaxially surrounds a section of the pawl peg. In this case, a first leg of the spiral torsion spring is supported at the support contour of the guide rod in such a way that the free end of the first leg slides along the support contour when the guide rod is axially moved, while a second leg of the spiral torsion spring is supported with its free end stationary at the support section of the locking pawl.

[0027] It is possible to provide an engagement spring to engage the parking lock device, wherein the parking lock device is then disengaged by the actuating force of the actuating element against the spring force of the engagement spring with the assistance of the spring force of the spring element.

[0028] It can then be proposed that the actuating device provided to disengage the parking lock device transmits its actuating force to the locking element via the guide rod when the parking lock device is disengaged. However, instead of this, it can also be proposed that the actuating device is connected or operatively connected to the locking element in another way and transmits its actuating force to the locking element without the use of a guide rod when the parking lock device is disengaged. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] The application is explained below in more detail by means of the drawings. In the drawings:

[0030] Figure 1A A first design example of a parking lock device according to the application in a switching position in which the "parking lock device is engaged" is shown in a simplified schematic illustration;

[0031] Figure 1B A parking lock device according to the application in a switching position in which the "parking lock device is disengaged" is shown; Figure 1A

[0032] Figure 2 Structural details of a second design example of a parking lock device according to the application are shown in a simplified schematic illustration;

[0033] Figure 3 Structural details of a third design example of a parking lock device according to the application are shown in a simplified schematic illustration; and

[0034] Figure 4 Force / distance diagrams of parking lock devices according to Figure 1A , Figure 2 and Figure 3 are shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] A preferred first design example of a parking lock device for a motor vehicle according to the application is described in detail below with reference to Figure 1A , Figure 1B and Figure 4 . Figure 1A The parking lock device in a switching position in which the "parking lock device is engaged" is shown, which is designated by the reference P_ein. While Figure 1B The parking lock device in a switching position in which the "parking lock device is disengaged" is shown, which is designated by the reference P_aus. Finally, Figure 4 ​A force / distance diagram showing a force curve for a spring element used in the first design example by means of which the parking lock device is held in the disengaged state.

[0036] In Figure 1A and Figure 1B The parking lock device shown in is based structurally on the parking lock device known from DE 10 2019 101 467 A1 and comprises a locking pawl 20 pivotably supported on a pawl bolt 10, the pawl teeth 21 of which are latched into or disengaged from a toothing gap 31 of a parking lock gear wheel 30 which is operatively connected to a (not shown here in detail for reasons of simplification) wheel of a motor vehicle. The parking lock device ensures in the engaged state in a conventional manner that the motor vehicle is free from rolling away. Furthermore, the parking lock device comprises a locking element 60 which is axially displaceable to engage and disengage the parking lock device, which is clamped in the engaged state of the parking lock device between the locking pawl 20 and a guide plate 73 which is fixed to the housing, in order to prevent the pawl teeth 21 of the locking pawl 20 from being pressed out of the toothing gap 31 of the parking lock gear wheel 30.

[0037] The locking element 60 is exemplarily designed as an axially displaceable roller system which comprises two rollers 61 and 62 which roll successively, which are rotatably supported in a roller holder 63, wherein the first roller 61 rolls towards the locking pawl 20 and on the contact faces 22, 23 of the locking pawl 20, while the second roller 62 rolls towards the guide plate 73 and at the contact faces of the guide plate 73. The guide plate 73 is here a component of a carrier element 70 which itself is firmly connected to the (not shown here in detail for reasons of simplification) housing by means of a screw joint 71. Additionally, the carrier element 70 which is fixed to the housing also has a pawl bolt receptacle 72 into which the pawl bolt 10 is inserted.

[0038] In order to disengage the parking lock device, there is provided an actuating device 50 which is shown here only schematically, which by means of an operative connection 51 which is also shown here only schematically acts on the locking element 60 in the axial direction when the parking lock device is disengaged. For the design of the structural aspects of the actuating device 50, various variants are available to the person skilled in the art, such as an electric motor type actuator, an electro-hydraulic type actuator, a pneumatically actuatable actuator or also a mechanism which can be actuated manually by the operator of the motor vehicle. In order to be able to displace the locking element 60 axially, the actuating device 50 acts mechanically on the roller holder 63 by means of its operative connection 51.

[0039] For the engagement of the parking lock, an engagement spring 90 is provided, which pre-tensions the locking element 60 in the direction of urging the parking lock to engage. To this end, the engagement spring 90 is exemplarily designed as a pressure spring, which concentrically surrounds the guide rod 40, which itself is mechanically connected with the locking element 60 and is axially, i.e. in the longitudinal direction, displaced upon engagement and disengagement of the parking lock. Here, the hooking-in section 42 of the guide rod 40 towards the roller holder 63 is placed into the recess 65 of the roller holder 63 and is connected with the roller holder 63 force- fitting or form-fitting. The engagement spring 90 is axially supported in this region at the roller holder 63. On the side of the engagement spring 90 opposite this support region, the guide rod 40 penetrates the carrier element 70 at a bearing point 74, so that the engagement spring 90 is axially supported in the region of this bearing point at the carrier element 70, which is fixed to the housing. Thus, the engagement spring 90 is axially clamped between the roller holder 63 of the locking element 60 and the wall of the carrier element 70. Now, if the actuation device 50 displaces the roller holder 63 axially from the parking lock switching position Pein towards the parking lock switching position Paus, the pre-tension of the engagement spring 90 increases.

[0040] In order to hold the locking pawl 20 in the disengaged state P_aus of the parking lock, a spring element 80 is provided, which is exemplarily designed as a helical torsion spring, the turns 81 of which concentrically surround the longitudinal section of the pawl peg 11. The first leg 82 of the helical torsion spring (80) has a bend at its free end 83, which extends parallel to the axis of the pawl peg 10 and thus transversely to the locking pawl 20 and engages into the recessed support section 24 of the locking pawl 20. In this way, the helical torsion spring (80) is statically supported at the locking pawl 20 when the latter is pivoted. The second leg 84 of the helical torsion spring (80) has a bend at its free end 85, which likewise extends parallel to the axis of the pawl peg 10, however, is arranged on the side of the locking pawl 20 opposite the support section 24, i.e. towards the guide rod 40. Correspondingly, the bent free end 85 extends at right angles to the central axis 44 of the guide rod 40. It is essential to the invention that the bent free end 85 of the second leg 84 of the helical torsion spring (80) force-fittingly abuts against and is supported at a support contour 43 of a particular geometry at the axially movable guide rod 40, which is provided at the hitching section 42 of the guide rod 40. When the roller holder 63 and the guide rod 40 are axially moved, the bent free end 85 of the second leg 84 of the helical torsion spring (80) slides along the support contour 43, as a result of which the bent free end 85 experiences a translational movement or a spatial change of position with increasing pretension.

[0041] In the first embodiment of the parking lock according to the invention shown in Figure 1A and Figure 1B , the geometry of the support contour 43 is embodied or designed in such a way that the translational movement or the spatial change of position of the second free end 85 of the spring element 80 when disengaging the parking lock results in an increase in the pretension of the spring element 80, which overcompensates the loss of pretension of the spring element 80 caused by the pivoting of the locking pawl 20. To this end, the support contour 43 has a curvature in the direction of the central axis 44 of the guide rod 40, which is designed convex in the direction of the guide plate 73.

[0042] Here, the support contour 43 is exemplarily designed as a circular arc segment in the axial or longitudinal direction of the guide rod 40, the center point of the circular arc segment being arranged spatially on the side of the guide rod 40 facing the locking pawl 20.

[0043] As a result, this particular geometry of the support contour 43 causes the pretension of the spring element 80 to increase incrementally when the parking lock is disengaged.

[0044] The parking lock is engaged by means of the spring force of the engagement spring 90 against the spring force of the spring element 80. The parking lock is disengaged by means of the actuating force of the actuating element 50 with the assistance of the spring force of the spring element 80 against the spring force of the engagement spring 90.

[0045] Reference is made below to Figure 2 The structural details of the second design example of the parking lock according to the application are described in detail. Here the hitching section 42 with the support profile 43 of the guide rod 40 is shown. It can easily be seen that the second design example differs from the first embodiment in the particular geometry of the support profile 43 along which the second free end (85) of the spring element (80) slides when the guide rod 40 is moved in the axial direction, i.e. along its central axis 44.

[0046] In the second embodiment of the parking lock according to the application, the geometry of the support profile 43 is implemented or designed in such a way that the translational movement or the change in the spatial position of the second free end (85) of the spring element (80) when the parking lock is disengaged results in an increase in the pretension, which compensates or overcompensates the loss of pretension caused by the pivoting of the locking pawl (20). To this end, the support profile 43, viewed in the direction of the central axis 44 of the guide rod 40, is designed as a straight line, which is inclined at an angle 45 with respect to the central axis 44 of the guide rod 40.

[0047] As a result, this particular geometry of the support profile 43, depending on the size of the angle 45, causes the pretension of the spring element (80) to either remain constant when the parking lock is disengaged, or to increase linearly.

[0048] Reference is made below to Figure 3 The structural details of the third design example of the parking lock according to the application are described in detail. It can easily be seen that the third design example differs from the first and second embodiments in the particular geometry of the support profile 43 along which the second free end (85) of the spring element (80) slides when the guide rod 40 is moved in the axial direction, i.e. along its central axis 44.

[0049] In the third embodiment of the parking lock device according to the application, the geometry of the support contour 43 is embodied or designed in such a way that the translatory movement or the change in the spatial position of the second free end (85) of the spring element 80 (not shown here for reasons of simplification) upon disengagement of the parking lock device results in an increase in the prestress of the spring element 80, which increase in the prestress overcompensates the loss in the prestress of the spring element 80 caused by the pivoting of the locking pawl 20 in a decreasing manner. To this end, the support contour 43 has a curvature in the direction of the central axis 44 of the guide rod 40, which curvature is designed concave in the direction of the guide plate (73) (not shown here for reasons of simplification). Here, the support contour 43 is designed exemplarily as a circular arc segment in the direction of the central axis 44 of the guide rod 40, the center point of the circle of which is arranged spatially on the side of the guide rod 40 facing away from the locking pawl (20) (not shown here for reasons of simplification).

[0050] As a result, this particular geometry of the support contour 43 causes the prestress of the spring element 80 to increase in a decreasing manner upon disengagement of the parking lock device.

[0051] All three embodiments enable an optimization of the spring properties of the spring element 80, by means of which the locking pawl 20 is prevented from folding back in the direction of the locking toothing of the parking lock wheel 30 in the disengaged state P_aus, in a particularly advantageous manner. To this end, Figure 4 An exemplary qualitative curve of the change in the prestress of the spring element 80 is shown in the case of a changeover between the parking lock device switching states P_ein and P_aus. The axial distance traveled by the guide rod 40 between these two end positions P_ein and P_aus is plotted on the X axis of the force / distance diagram presented here, while the prestress V of the spring element 80 is plotted on the Y axis of the diagram. Here, the prestress V is also equivalent to the torque acting on the locking pawl 20. The dashed line corresponds to a curve corresponding to the prior art, in which V_a represents the reduction in the prestress (or locking pawl torque) due to the change in the position of the first free end 83 of the spring element 80 upon pivoting of the locking pawl 20 from the engaged state P_ein to the disengaged state P_aus of the parking lock device. V_min represents the minimum prestress (or minimum torque at the locking pawl 20) that the spring element 80 must provide in order to hold the locking pawl 20 in position in the parking lock device switching state P_aus.

[0052] An exemplary increasing prestress curve V1 is shown in a solid line with a period as a symbol, which can be used in the case of the use of the first embodiment according to the application. Figure 1A and Figure 1BCorrespondingly generated or can be given structurally in advance.

[0053] An exemplary linear pretension curve V2 is shown in the solid line with the symbol of a rectangle, which, in the case of use according to the first embodiment of the application, can be generated correspondingly or can be given structurally in advance. Figure 2 Correspondingly generated or can be given structurally in advance.

[0054] An exemplary decreasing pretension curve V1 is shown in the solid line with the symbol of a triangle, which, in the case of use according to the first embodiment of the application, can be generated correspondingly or can be given structurally in advance. Figure 3 Correspondingly generated or can be given structurally in advance.

[0055] It can be seen intuitively that in the case of a larger, structurally given play shown as a hatched line in Figure 4 , which is available to the person skilled in the art by means of the application, for the spring element 80, which is arranged in such a way that the locking pawl 20 is held in its end position in the parking lock switching state P_aus, is disengaged on the force side. In addition to the pretension gain, which can be achieved at the locking pawl 20 in the parking lock switching state P_aus in comparison with the prior art, which is significantly increased in terms of reliability, a reduction in the actuation force, which is significantly improved in terms of comfort in comparison with the prior art, can also be achieved at the locking pawl 20 in the parking lock switching state P_ein.

[0056] List of reference signs

[0057] 10 pawl peg

[0058] 11 longitudinal axis of the pawl peg; pivoting axis of the locking pawl

[0059] 20 locking pawl

[0060] 21 pawl tooth of the locking pawl

[0061] 22 contact surface of the locking blade in the disengaged state of the parking lock

[0062] 23 contact surface of the locking blade in the engaged state of the parking lock

[0063] 24 support section of the locking pawl for the spring element

[0064] 30 parking lock gear

[0065] 31 tooth gap of the parking lock gear

[0066] 40 guide rod

[0067] 41 fastening of the guide rod in the roller holder

[0068] 42 hitching section of the guide rod for the spring element

[0069] 43 support contour of the guide rod; contour at the hitching section

[0070] 44 central axis of the guide rod

[0071] 45 angle

[0072] 50 actuating device

[0073] 51 operative connection of the actuating device

[0074] 60 locking element

[0075] 61 first roller of the locking element

[0076] 62 second roller of the locking element

[0077] 63 roller holder of the locking element

[0078] 64 stop pin of the roller holder

[0079] 65 recess in the roller holder for the guide rod

[0080] 70 carrier element

[0081] 71 screwing piece of the carrier element

[0082] 72 pawl pin receptacle of the carrier element

[0083] 73 guide plate of the carrier element

[0084] 74 bearing point in the carrier element for the guide rod

[0085] 75 stop for the stop pin of the roller holder in the carrier element at the switching position P_aus

[0086] 76 stop for the stop pin of the roller holder in the carrier element at the switching position P_ein

[0087] 80 spring element; helical torsion spring

[0088] 81 turn of the helical torsion spring spring

[0089] 82 first leg of the helical torsion spring

[0090] 83 first free end of the spring element; kink of the locking pawl side of the helical torsion spring

[0091] 84 second leg of the helical torsion spring

[0092] 85 second free end of the spring element; kink on the guide rod side of the helical torsion spring

[0093] 90 engagement spring; pressure spring

[0094] P_aus disengaged state of the parking lock

[0095] P_ein engaged state of the parking lock

[0096] V pre-tension curve; torque curve (St. d. T.)

[0097] V_a pre-tension reduction; torque reduction (St. d. T.)

[0098] V_min minimum force; minimum torque

[0099] V1 to V3 pre-tension curve; torque curve (according to the invention)

[0100] X X-axis; distance

[0101] Y Y-axis; pre-tension of the spring element; torque at the locking pawl

Claims

1. A parking lock device for a motor vehicle, the parking lock device comprising: - A locking pawl (20) pivotally supported on a pawl bolt (10), the locking pawl engaging or disengaging from a parking lock gear (30) acting on the wheels of the motor vehicle; - A locking element (60) that can be axially displaced when the parking lock device is engaged and disengaged, the locking element being clamped between the locking pawl (20) and the guide plate (73) fixed to the housing in the engaged state (P_ein) of the parking lock device to prevent the locking pawl (20) from being squeezed out from the tooth gap (31) of the parking lock gear (30); - An actuating device (50) that acts on the locking element (60) in the axial direction to disengage the parking locking device; -A guide rod (40) connected to the locking element (60), the guide rod being axially displaced when the parking lock device engages and disengages; - and a spring element (80) that preloads the locking pawl (20) in the disengagement direction of the parking lock device. The first free end (83) of the spring element (80) is directly supported at the support section (24) of the locking pawl (20) and remains stationary against the support section (24) when the locking pawl (20) pivots; The second free end (85) of the spring element (80) is directly supported at the support profile (43) of the guide rod (40) and slides along the support profile (43) when the guide rod (40) moves axially, and here moves translationally relative to the guide rod (40). The geometry of the support profile (43) is implemented such that the preload of the spring element (80) does not decrease when the parking lock disengages.

2. The parking lock device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support profile (43) is designed such that the preload of the spring element (80) increases incrementally depending on the geometry of the support profile and the axial displacement of the guide rod (40) when the parking lock is disengaged.

3. The parking locking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Viewed in the axial or longitudinal direction of the guide rod (40), the support profile (43) has a curved portion, which is designed to be convex when viewed toward the guide plate (73).

4. The parking locking device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, Viewed in the axial or longitudinal direction of the guide rod (40), the support profile (43) is designed as an arc segment, and in space, the center point of the arc segment is located on the side of the guide rod (40) facing the locking pawl (20).

5. The parking lock device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support profile (43) is designed such that the preload of the spring element (80) remains constant when the parking lock is disengaged.

6. The parking locking device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The support profile (43) is designed such that the preload of the spring element (80) increases linearly depending on the axial displacement of the guide rod (40) when the parking lock device disengages.

7. The parking locking device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, Viewed in the axial or longitudinal direction of the guide rod (40), the support profile (43) is designed as a straight line, which is inclined at a certain angle (45) relative to the central axis (44) of the guide rod (40).

8. The parking lock device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support profile (43) is designed such that the preload of the spring element (80) increases incrementally depending on the geometry of the support profile and the axial displacement of the guide rod (40) when the parking lock is disengaged.

9. The parking lock device according to claim 8, characterized in that, Viewed in the axial or longitudinal direction of the guide rod (40), the support profile (43) has a curved portion, which is designed to be concave when viewed toward the guide plate (73).

10. The parking locking device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, Viewed in the axial or longitudinal direction of the guide rod (40), the support profile (43) is designed as an arc segment, and in space, the center point of the arc segment is located on the side of the guide rod (40) away from the locking pawl (20).

11. The parking locking device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The spring element (80) is designed as a helical torsion spring, the turns (81) of which concentrically surround the section of the pawl-shaped member (10). The first leg (82) of the helical torsion spring is supported at the support profile (43) of the guide rod (40) in such a way that the free end of the first leg (82) slides along the support profile (43) when the guide rod (40) moves axially. The second leg (84) of the helical torsion spring is resting at its free end (85) on the support section (24) of the locking pawl (20).

12. The parking locking device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, When the parking lock device disengages, the actuating device (50) transmits its actuating force to the locking element (60) via the guide rod (40).

13. The parking locking device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The actuating device (50) transmits its actuating force to the locking element (60) without using the guide rod (40) when the parking lock device is disengaged.

14. The parking locking device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The guide rod (40) is operatively connected to the locking element (60).

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