A polyurethane soft foam low-temperature activation powder making device and powder making method

Abstract

The invention discloses a polyurethane soft foam low-temperature activation powder making device and a powder making method thereof. The powder making device comprises a polyurethane soft foam crushing and briquetting module, a buffer quantitative feeding module, a preliminary shearing powder making module and a differential activation powder making module which are sequentially connected and arranged; the polyurethane soft foam crushing and briquetting module is used for homogenizing and cutting irregular polyurethane soft foam waste into blocks; the buffer quantitative feeding module can cache the cut polyurethane soft foam waste and quantitatively transport it to the preliminary shearing powder making module; the preliminary shearing powder making module and the differential activation powder making module can realize low-temperature activation powder making through double-roller strong shearing equipment with different roller diameter ratios, speed ratios, roller spacings, roller speeds and mold temperature control, so that the polyurethane soft foam crushing process has low energy consumption and high efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of polyurethane soft foam powder making, in particular to a polyurethane soft foam low-temperature activation powder making device and a powder making method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Since the reform and opening-up policy, my country's furniture industry has maintained rapid growth. Among the various furniture products, sofas have seen one of the fastest growth in both output value and growth. However, with the increasing use of sofas, the amount of polyurethane foam waste used in sofas has also surged year by year. The sofa industry faces a significant challenge in finding a way to effectively recycle and reuse this waste. While new recycling methods have emerged in recent years, their effectiveness has been limited. This is primarily due to the inability to produce activated micropowders of suitable particle sizes from polyurethane foam waste at relatively low temperatures (below 100°C). Therefore, low-temperature activation of polyurethane foam waste is a prerequisite for its recycling.

[0003] Currently, there is a low-temperature crushing method that increases the brittleness of polyurethane foam waste by lowering the temperature, thereby crushing the polyurethane foam waste. Although the polyurethane foam waste can be crushed into smaller particles, this method has high energy consumption and the gas used for cooling cannot be recycled. While solving the problem of polyurethane foam waste, it also causes increased production costs and wastes energy.

[0004] The Chinese patent publication number CN113102068A discloses a raw material crusher and crushing method for the production of polyurethane foam plastics. The device includes the following parts: a base, a crushing box connected to the top of the base through multiple shock-absorbing components, a cutting box fixedly connected to the top of the crushing box through multiple columns, an L-shaped machine base fixedly installed on one side of the cutting box, a drive motor fixedly installed on one side of the L-shaped machine base, a discharge pipe fixedly connected to the bottom side of the cutting box, a control valve fixed on the discharge pipe, a feed hopper fixed on the top side of the crushing box, and the discharge pipe located at Directly above the feed hopper, a plastic cutting and crushing part is provided in the crushing box and the cutting box, a driving motor is connected to the plastic cutting and crushing part, a screen is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the crushing box, the plastic cutting and crushing part is located directly above the screen, a collecting trough is provided on one side of the crushing box, a collecting box is slidably installed in the collecting trough, the collecting box is located directly below the screen, a gathering box is fixedly installed on one side of the crushing box, the gathering box is connected to the crushing box, a plastic repeating conveying part is provided on the gathering box, and the plastic repeating conveying part is installed in conjunction with the plastic cutting and crushing part. The raw material crusher for polyurethane foam plastic production disclosed in the present invention can repeatedly crush the raw materials, thereby increasing the crushing effect and eliminating the need for manual work, but it still cannot crush the material into micron-level fine powder in a short time, and the temperature rise is too high during the powder making process, which has an adverse effect on the powder making performance.

[0005] Therefore, how to change the current situation in the existing technology where the polyurethane soft foam crushing process has high energy consumption and low efficiency, and the prepared micropowder is inactive and cannot be used, has become a difficult problem in the current polyurethane waste powder production. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-temperature activated powder making device for polyurethane soft foam and a powder making method thereof, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, so that the polyurethane soft foam crushing process has low energy consumption and high efficiency, and can prepare micron-sized powder with high activity.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a polyurethane soft foam low-temperature activation powder making device, comprising a polyurethane soft foam crushing and block making module, a buffer quantitative feeding module, a preliminary shearing powder making module and a differential activation powder making module which are sequentially connected; the polyurethane soft foam crushing and block making module is used to homogenize and cut irregular polyurethane soft foam waste, the buffer quantitative feeding module can cache the cut polyurethane soft foam waste and quantitatively transport it to the preliminary shearing powder making module, the preliminary shearing powder making module and the differential activation powder making module can realize low-temperature activation powder making through a double-roller strong shearing device with different roller diameter ratios, speed ratios, roller distances, roller speeds and mold temperature control, and in the process of preparing micro powder, strong shearing, extrusion and pulling are carried out. The stretch-activated pulverizing method causes the mechanical energy and thermal energy generated by mechanical force to act on the polyurethane chain segments to generate extremely high internal stress, resulting in a certain degree of breakage of hydrogen bonds and chemical bonds with weaker bond energy in the molecular structure, a decrease in cross-linking density, and an increase in the apparent activation energy of the material; at the same time, a mechanical chemical reaction occurs to generate a certain amount of hydroxyl groups, so that the powder has good compatibility with the polyol raw material, thereby achieving the application effect of being used as a filler to prepare micropowder for polyurethane re-foaming, and through formula control and process optimization, it can partially replace polyurethane raw materials, reduce raw material usage, and reduce production costs. The present invention can not only perform dry pulverizing, but also perform wet pulverizing.

[0009] Optionally, the polyurethane soft foam crushing and briquetting module includes a centralized crushing and briquetting device, one end of the centralized crushing and briquetting device is connected to a double-station feeding conveyor belt, and the other end is connected to a pneumatic feeder through a pipeline, and the pneumatic feeder is connected to the cache quantitative feeding module through a pipeline; the double-station feeding conveyor belt is installed with a first metal detector at one end close to the centralized crushing and briquetting device, and the first metal detector is electrically connected to the control end of the double-station feeding conveyor belt, so that when the first metal detector detects metal in the material, it can send a signal to the control end, and the control end stops the operation of the double-station feeding conveyor belt in time, and restarts the operation after the metal is cleared, to ensure that no metal impurities enter the briquetting module; the metal detection here is not limited to the above-mentioned form, and a metal removal device, such as a magnet or electromagnet, can also be set here. When metal is detected, it can be started to open and absorb the metal, which is convenient for cleaning and easy to operate.

[0010] Optionally, the cache quantitative feeding module includes a separator connected to the pneumatic loader through a pipeline, the bottom of the separator is connected to a homogenizing cache silo, a quantitative metering device is provided at the bottom discharge port of the homogenizing cache silo, the quantitative metering device is connected to a first screw conveying device, the end of the first screw conveying device is connected to the preliminary shearing and powder making module through a lifting conveyor belt; a second metal detector is provided at one end of the lifting conveyor belt close to the first screw conveying device.

[0011] Optionally, a dust processor is installed on the separator; a stirring device is provided in the homogenizing buffer silo, and the stirring device is connected to a stirring motor. The small pieces of polyurethane soft foam will be continuously stirred in the homogenizing buffer silo to prevent the small pieces of polyurethane soft foam from accumulating in the silo and being unable to be removed from the silo, waiting to be prepared for the subsequent activation and powder making process.

[0012] Optionally, the preliminary shearing powder making module includes a first group of powder making equipment, the first group of powder making equipment includes a first double-roller strong shearing device and a second double-roller strong shearing device with the same structure and arranged in series longitudinally up and down, the upper feed port of the first double-roller strong shearing device is connected to the upper end of the lifting conveyor belt, the bottom discharge port of the first double-roller strong shearing device is connected to the second double-roller strong shearing device through a conveying pipe, the bottom discharge port of the second double-roller strong shearing device is connected to a second spiral conveying device, and the end of the second spiral conveying device is connected to the differential activation powder making module through a feeding conveyor belt.

[0013] Optionally, the differential activation powder making module includes a second group of powder making equipment, the second group of powder making equipment includes a third double-roller strong shearing equipment and a fourth double-roller strong shearing equipment with the same structure and arranged in series in a front-to-back horizontal manner, the third double-roller strong shearing equipment and the fourth double-roller strong shearing equipment are respectively provided with a second screw conveying device at the bottom discharge port, the second screw conveying device at the bottom of the second double-roller strong shearing equipment is connected to the feed port at the top of the third double-roller strong shearing equipment through a feeding conveyor belt, the second screw conveying device at the bottom of the third double-roller strong shearing equipment is connected to the feed port at the top of the fourth double-roller strong shearing equipment through another feeding conveyor belt, and the second screw conveying device at the bottom of the fourth double-roller strong shearing equipment is connected A quality inspection device is connected to the end of the conveying device, and one end of the quality inspection device is connected to a feeder through a circulating conveyor belt. The circulating conveyor belt is arranged on a conveying platform, and the conveying platform is connected to the first powder making equipment through a connecting corridor. The feeder is connected to the feed port on the top of the third double-roller strong shearing equipment; each of the feeding conveyor belts is provided with a third metal detector and a metal removal device at one end close to the second spiral conveying device connected thereto. The metal removal device can adopt a magnet, an electromagnet and other structures. When metal is detected, the magnet runs here, or the electromagnet is energized to realize the adsorption of metal impurities, thereby achieving the purpose of removing metal impurities; the lifting conveyor belt, the feeding conveyor belt and the circulating conveyor belt are all provided with skirt baffles.

[0014] Optionally, the first double-roller strong shearing device has the same structure as the third double-roller strong shearing device; the first double-roller strong shearing device includes a fixed base of the device, a roller frame is fixedly provided on the fixed base of the device, and a front working roller and a rear working roller are movably provided on the roller frame, and the diameter ratio of the front working roller and the rear working roller is 1:1.1-1:1.5, preferably 1:1.2-1:1.3; the gap between the front working roller and the rear working roller does not exceed 1mm, preferably the minimum roller distance, and the roller working length can be adjusted according to the milling efficiency. After appropriate adjustment, the working length of the roller is 0.5-1.2m, preferably 0.8-1.0m. The ends of the front working roller and the rear working roller are connected by a speed ratio gear transmission. The gear shaft of the speed ratio gear is connected to a reducer through an elastic pin coupling, and the reducer is connected to a drive motor through a brake coupling. Both ends of the front working roller and the rear working roller are provided with a material baffle plate, and the outer sides of the front working roller and the rear working roller are provided with a front and rear roller scraper for scraping the material. The front and rear roller scrapers are adjusted by the distance The device is installed on the bracket; a plurality of serially connected cooling holes are provided in the front working roller and the rear working roller, which are connected to the industrial temperature controller through the cooling pipe, and the temperature of the cooling medium can be adjusted to achieve the temperature control effect of the device. The cooling method is not limited to this method. The double rollers can also be cooled by spraying by setting a nozzle; a dust removal cover is provided outside the front working roller and the rear working roller, and the dust removal cover includes an upper sealing shield and a lower sealing shield arranged symmetrically up and down, and a discharge cover is provided at the bottom of the lower sealing shield The dust hood is connected to a dust recovery device fixedly arranged on the bracket, and a dust detector and a smoke alarm device are installed in the dust hood; the linear speed of the front working rollers of the first double-roller strong shearing device to the fourth double-roller strong shearing device and the double-roller speed ratio are gradually reduced. Specifically, the speed ratio of the four double-roller strong shearing devices is 1:1.1-1:2.5, preferably 1:1.6-1:1.9; the linear speed of the front rollers of the four double-roller strong shearing devices is 10-60m / min, preferably 20-40m / min.

[0015] Optionally, the first screw conveying device has the same structure as the second screw conveying device, the first screw conveying device includes a conveying cavity, a material conveying rod with a spiral structure is provided in the conveying cavity, one end of the material conveying rod is connected to a reducer through a coupling, a transition material receiving port is provided on the top of the conveying cavity, and a conveying device discharge port is provided at the end of the conveying cavity away from the reducer; the outside of the conveying cavity is covered with a cooling jacket, the cooling medium in the double-roller strong shearing equipment and the screw conveying device is water, and the cooling water temperature is 0-20 o C, to ensure that the working temperature of the double roller strong shearing equipment is 20-100 o C, preferably 40-60 oC, ensure that the material discharge temperature is not higher than 70 o C.

[0016] The present invention discloses a method for preparing polyurethane soft foam powder by low-temperature activation, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0017] (1) The polyurethane soft foam waste is placed on a double-station feeding conveyor belt, and is detected by a first metal detector installed above the double-station feeding conveyor belt to see if it contains metal impurities. After the metal detection, it enters the residual material block making device for cutting and homogenizing, and the polyurethane soft foam waste is prepared into uniform small cubic blocks. The cutting device can be realized by a single-axis crusher with horizontal and vertical knives. The side length of the polyurethane soft foam cube after preliminary cutting is 10-100mm, preferably 20-40mm, to ensure the continuous discharge of the metering process and the quality uniformity of the powder making process. The polyurethane soft foam is prevented from bridging during the subsequent activation and powder making process, and then transported to the homogenization buffer silo by a pneumatic feeder. The polyurethane soft foam small blocks will be continuously stirred in the homogenization buffer silo to prevent the polyurethane soft foam small blocks from accumulating in the silo and being unable to be removed from the silo, waiting to be prepared for the subsequent activation and powder making process;

[0018] (2) The polyurethane soft foam pieces in the homogenization buffer silo are passed through a quantitative metering device and a first spiral conveying device to control their discharge speed and adjust the required powder making process; they enter the horizontal section of the lifting conveyor belt and are detected by a second metal detection device provided above the conveyor belt to see if they contain metal impurities. If they do, the metal impurities are removed by a metal removal device, and then they enter the closed lifting conveyor belt and are put into the activation powder making unit for the activation powder making process of the polyurethane soft foam; the activation preparation unit has two groups of powder making equipment, and the two groups of powder making equipment work in series, of which the first group includes two double-roller strong shearing equipment, and the two equipment are arranged in series up and down, and the second group of powder making equipment also includes two double-roller strong shearing equipment, and the two equipment are arranged in horizontal series; first, the polyurethane soft foam pieces in the homogenization buffer silo are conveyed to the first double-roller strong shearing equipment above the first group of powder making equipment through a belt elevator conveyor belt, and the discharge hopper of the first double-roller strong shearing equipment is connected to the feed hopper of the second double-roller strong shearing equipment, and the material enters the discharge hopper of the first double-roller strong shearing equipment due to gravity. The activated micropowder enters the feeding port of the second double-roller strong shearing equipment and enters the second double-roller strong shearing equipment for preliminary activation and powder making. A second spiral conveying device is provided on the lower side of the first group of powder making equipment, and the activated micropowder enters the second spiral conveying device by gravity. In the second spiral conveying device, the preliminary activated micropowder is cooled and evenly mixed to prepare for entering the second group of powder making equipment; the activated micropowder enters the second group of powder making equipment through the spiral conveying device and the feeding conveyor belt to repeat the second fine activation preparation process, wherein the process parameters of each powder making equipment are different. After the action of the front and rear roller scrapers, the activated micropowder enters the second spiral conveying device below the third double-roller strong shearing equipment again by gravity, and the activated micropowder is cooled and evenly mixed again; the activated micropowder enters the fourth double-roller strong shearing equipment through the second spiral conveying device and the feeding conveyor belt for supplementary activation and powder making. After the action of the front and rear roller scrapers, the activated micropowder enters the second spiral conveying device below the fourth double-roller strong shearing equipment by gravity, and the activated micropowder is fully cooled, and the prepared activated micropowder is discharged through the second spiral conveying device;

[0019] (3) A micro powder quality detection device and a recycling device are provided at the rear end of the second screw conveying device below the fourth double-roller type strong shearing device. Through the quality monitoring of the micro powder, unqualified materials can be separated and transported to the third double-roller type strong shearing device of the second group of powder making equipment for another preparation and activation to ensure the quality of the micro powder product. The particle size of the micro powder after activation and powder making is less than 380 μm, preferably less than 180 μm.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0021] The polyurethane soft foam low-temperature activation powder making device and powder making method disclosed in the present invention first homogenize and cut irregular polyurethane soft foam waste into pieces, and then, under a low-temperature (less than 100°C) environment, subject the cut polyurethane soft foam waste to a strong mechanical force field for extrusion, stretching, shearing, and crushing, thereby achieving selective bond breaking of the polyurethane soft foam molecular chains and selectively interrupting the active end groups between the polyurethane soft foam molecules. The polyurethane soft foam waste is then made into polyurethane soft foam activated micropowder with high end group activity and apparent activation energy, thereby achieving environmentally friendly, continuous, and high-value recycling and reuse of the polyurethane soft foam waste.

[0022] The activated shearing milling equipment features a tandem structure, enabling continuous operation. It is equipped with an internal circulation device and quality inspection system to ensure the production efficiency and quality of the polyurethane soft foam micropowder. If some of the micropowder does not reach the required particle size after the activation milling process, it can be re-transferred to the second milling equipment for reactivation milling, thus ensuring the quality of the polyurethane soft foam micropowder and maximizing the recovery effect.

[0023] The present invention adopts a two-roller structure with different roller diameters and speed ratios. The rollers are centrifugally cast and the surface is subjected to surfacing and strengthening treatment. The rollers are equipped with a forced circulation cooling system using a small hole cooling method to achieve strong pressurized circulation cooling. The equipment is equipped with an industrial chiller and an industrial mold temperature controller to ensure low-temperature operation of the equipment. The shearing and powder making device adopts a fully enclosed structure, which effectively avoids dust flying and ensures the quality of the working environment of the staff. At the same time, smoke and dust concentration sensors are provided to reduce the risk factor during work. Constant tension front and rear roller scrapers are provided on both sides, and a spiral conveying device with a cooling jacket is provided on the lower side. The entire device is a closed operation, which effectively avoids dust flying, ensures the quality of the working environment of the staff, and reduces the risk factor during work.

[0024] The present invention includes a physical shearing pulverizing process method and production equipment, which adopts a double-roller or multi-roller method to prepare a polyurethane soft foam low-temperature activated micropowder; the double-roller shearing pulverizing device includes the size and type of roller diameter, and the series working mode includes longitudinal series equipment and transverse series equipment. The overall operation can be realized continuously, with high production efficiency, short working time and good recovery effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0026] Figure 1It is an overall production line for polyurethane soft foam low-temperature activation powder making equipment;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a top view of a polyurethane soft foam low-temperature activation powder making device;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the polyurethane soft foam crushing and block making module and the buffer quantitative feeding module;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a top view schematic diagram of the preliminary shearing milling module and the differential activation milling module;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the main view of the preliminary shearing milling module and the differential activation milling module;

[0031] Figure 6 This is the main view of the double-roller strong shearing equipment;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of a double-roller strong shearing device;

[0033] Among them, Ⅰ is the polyurethane soft foam crushing and briquetting module, Ⅱ is the buffer quantitative feeding module, Ⅲ is the preliminary shearing and powder making module, Ⅳ is the differential activation powder making module, 1 is a double-station feeding conveyor belt, 2 is the first metal detector, 3 is the centralized crushing and briquetting device, 4 is the pneumatic feeder, 5 is the separator, 6 is the dust processor, 7 is the homogenization buffer silo, 8 is the stirring device, 9 is the first screw conveyor, 10 is the second metal detector, 11 is the lifting conveyor belt, 12 is the preliminary shearing and powder making bracket, 13 is the first double-roller strong shearing equipment, 14 is the industrial temperature control machine, 15 is the dust removal cover, 16 is the double-roller connecting sheet metal, 17 is the second double-roller strong shearing equipment, 18 is the dust detector, 19 is the third metal detector, 20 is the metal removal device, 21 is the third double-roller strong shearing equipment, 2 2 is the feeding conveyor belt, 23 is the fourth double-roller strong shearing equipment, 24 is the quality inspection device, 25 is the circulating conveyor belt, 26 is the feeder, 27 is the conveying platform, 28 is the connecting corridor, 29 is the bracket, 30 is the drive motor, 31 is the brake coupling, 32 is the reducer, 33 is the elastic pin coupling, 34 is the upper sealing guard, 35 is the roller frame, 36 is the speed ratio gear, 37 is the equipment fixed base, 38 is the lower sealing guard, 39 is the front working roller, 40 is the rear working roller, 41 is the material baffle, 42 are the front and rear roller scrapers, 43 is the reducer, 44 is the coupling, 45 is the material conveying screw, 46 is the transition material port, 47 is the cooling jacket, 48 is the dust recovery device, 49 is the smoke alarm device, 50 is the distance adjustment device, and 51 is the second spiral conveying device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a polyurethane soft foam low-temperature activation powder making device and a powder making method thereof, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and make the polyurethane soft foam crushing process lower in energy consumption and higher in efficiency.

[0036] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] Reference Attachment Figure 1 -Attached Figure 7 The present invention provides a low-temperature activated pulverizing device for polyurethane soft foam, comprising a polyurethane soft foam crushing and briquetting module I, a buffer quantitative feeding module II, a preliminary shearing pulverizing module III, and a differential activation pulverizing module IV, which are sequentially connected. The polyurethane soft foam crushing and briquetting module I is used to homogenize and cut irregular polyurethane soft foam waste into pieces. The buffer quantitative feeding module II can buffer and quantitatively transport the cut polyurethane soft foam waste to the preliminary shearing pulverizing module III. The preliminary shearing pulverizing module III and the differential activation pulverizing module IV can achieve low-temperature activated pulverization using a double-roller strong shearing device with different roller diameter ratios, speed ratios, roller spacings, roller speeds, and mold temperature control. During operation, the irregular polyurethane soft foam waste is first homogenized and cut into pieces. Then, under a low-temperature environment, the cut polyurethane soft foam waste is subjected to a strong mechanical force field of extrusion, stretching, and shearing to achieve selective bond breaking of the polyurethane soft foam molecular chains, selectively interrupting the active end groups between the polyurethane soft foam molecules, and producing the polyurethane soft foam activated micropowder with high end group activity and apparent activation energy.

[0038] Specifically, the polyurethane soft foam crushing and briquetting module I includes a centralized crushing and briquetting device 3, one end of the centralized crushing and briquetting device 3 is connected to a double-station feeding conveyor belt 1, and the other end is connected to a pneumatic loader 4 through a pipeline, and the pneumatic loader 4 is connected to a cache quantitative feeding module II through a pipeline; a first metal detector 2 is installed at one end of the double-station feeding conveyor belt 1 close to the centralized crushing and briquetting device 3, and the first metal detector 2 is electrically connected to the control end of the double-station feeding conveyor belt 1, so that when the first metal detector 2 detects metal in the material, it can send a signal to the control end, and the control end will stop the operation of the double-station feeding conveyor belt in time, and restart the operation after the metal is cleared, to ensure that no metal impurities enter the briquetting module.

[0039] The buffer quantitative feeding module II includes a separator 5 connected to a pneumatic loader 4 via a pipeline. The bottom of the separator 5 is connected to a homogenizing buffer silo 7. A quantitative metering device is located at the bottom outlet of the homogenizing buffer silo 7. This metering device is connected to a first screw conveyor 9, the end of which is connected to the preliminary shearing and milling module III via an elevator conveyor 11. A second metal detector 10 is located at the end of the elevator conveyor 11 near the first screw conveyor 9. A dust processor 6 is mounted on the separator 5. A stirring device 8 is installed within the homogenizing buffer silo 7, which is connected to a stirring motor. The polyurethane soft foam pieces are continuously stirred in the homogenizing buffer silo 7 to prevent them from accumulating and being unable to be removed from the silo, preparing for the subsequent activation and milling process.

[0040] The preliminary shearing and powder making module III includes a first group of powder making equipment, which includes a first double-roller strong shearing device 13 and a second double-roller strong shearing device 17 with the same structure and arranged in series in the upper and lower longitudinal direction on the preliminary shearing and powder making bracket 12. The upper end feed port of the first double-roller strong shearing device 13 is connected to the upper end of the lifting conveyor belt 11, and the bottom discharge port of the first double-roller strong shearing device 13 is connected to the second double-roller strong shearing device 17 through a conveying pipe arranged at the double-roller connecting sheet metal 16. The bottom discharge port of the second double-roller strong shearing device 17 is connected to a second spiral conveying device 51, and the end of the second spiral conveying device 51 is connected to the differential activation powder making module IV through the feeding conveyor belt 22.

[0041] The differential activation powder making module IV includes a second group of powder making equipment, which includes a third double-roller strong shearing device 21 and a fourth double-roller strong shearing device 23 with the same structure and arranged in series in a front-to-back horizontal manner. A second spiral conveying device 51 is respectively provided at the bottom discharge port of the third double-roller strong shearing device 21 and the fourth double-roller strong shearing device 23. The second spiral conveying device 51 at the bottom of the second double-roller strong shearing device 17 is connected to the feed port on the top of the third double-roller strong shearing device 21 through a feeding conveyor belt 22. The second spiral conveying device 51 at the bottom of the third double-roller strong shearing device 21 is connected to the feed port on the top of the fourth double-roller strong shearing device 23 through another feeding conveyor belt 22. The fourth double-roller strong shearing device 23 The end of the second spiral conveying device 51 at the bottom is connected to the quality inspection device 24, and one end of the quality inspection device 24 is connected to the feeder 26 through the circulating conveyor belt 25. The circulating conveyor belt 25 is arranged on the conveying platform 27, and the conveying platform 27 is connected to the first powder making equipment through the connecting corridor 28. The feeder 26 is connected to the feed port at the top of the third double-roller strong shearing equipment 21; each feeding conveyor belt 22 is provided with a third metal detector 19 and a metal removal device 20 at one end of the second spiral conveying device 51 connected thereto; the lifting conveyor belt 11, the feeding conveyor belt 22 and the circulating conveyor belt 25 are all provided with skirt baffles, which are closed structures, so as to achieve the sealing of the material during the transportation process and avoid dust and material leakage.

[0042] The first double-roller strong shearing device 13 is further preferably configured to have the same structure as the third double-roller strong shearing device 21; the first double-roller strong shearing device 13 comprises a fixed base 37 for the device, a roller frame 35 is fixedly arranged on the fixed base 37 for the device, a front working roller 39 and a rear working roller 40 are movably arranged on the roller frame 35, the gap between the front working roller 39 and the rear working roller 40 is not more than 1 mm, the working length of the rollers can be appropriately adjusted according to the powder making efficiency, the ends of the front working roller 39 and the rear working roller 40 are connected by a speed ratio gear 36, so that the speed ratio of the two rollers can be adjusted by the speed ratio gear 36, and the two rollers can be controlled to rotate in the same direction, the gear shaft of the speed ratio gear 36 is connected to the reducer 32 through an elastic pin coupling 33, and the reducer 32 is connected to the drive motor 30 through a brake coupling 31; baffle plates 41 are provided at both ends of the front working roller 39 and the rear working roller 40, so as to avoid excessive extrusion of powder making. During the process, materials leak from both ends of the rollers. A front and rear roller scraper 42 is provided on the outside of the front working roller 39 and the rear working roller 40 for scraping materials. The front and rear roller scrapers 42 are mounted on the bracket 29 via a distance adjustment device 50. A plurality of serially connected cooling holes are provided in the front working roller 39 and the rear working roller 40. These holes are connected to an industrial temperature controller via a cooling pipe, which can adjust the temperature of the cooling medium to achieve temperature control of the device. A dust removal cover 15 is provided outside the front working roller 39 and the rear working roller 40. The dust removal cover 15 includes an upper sealing shield 34 and a lower sealing shield 38 arranged symmetrically in upper and lower parts. A discharge port is provided at the bottom of the lower sealing shield 38. The dust removal cover 15 is connected to a dust recovery device 48 fixed to the bracket 29. A dust detector 18 and a smoke alarm device 49 are installed in the dust removal cover 15. The linear speed of the front working roller 39 and the double-roller speed ratio of the first double-roller intensive shearing device 13 to the fourth double-roller intensive shearing device 23 gradually decrease. The first screw conveying device 9 has the same structure as the second screw conveying device 51. The first screw conveying device 9 includes a conveying cavity, in which a material conveying screw 45 with a spiral structure is arranged. One end of the material conveying screw 45 is connected to a reducer 43 through a coupling 44. A transition material receiving port 46 is provided at the top of the conveying cavity, and a conveying device discharge port is provided at the end of the conveying cavity away from the reducer 43. A cooling jacket 47 is covered on the outside of the conveying cavity, and the cooling jacket 47 is connected to the industrial temperature controller 14 through a pipeline. The cooling medium in the double-roller strong shearing equipment and the screw conveying device is water.

[0043] The present invention also provides a method for preparing polyurethane soft foam powder by low-temperature activation, comprising the following steps:

[0044] (1) The polyurethane soft foam waste is placed on the double-station feeding conveyor belt 1, and after passing through the metal detector, it enters the polyurethane soft foam crushing and block making module for block cutting. The polyurethane soft foam waste is prepared into cubic blocks, and then transported to the homogenization buffer silo 7 through the pneumatic feeder to wait for the subsequent activation and powder making process;

[0045] (2) The polyurethane soft foam small pieces in the homogenization buffer silo 7 are sequentially transported into the first group of powder making equipment and the second group of powder making equipment to carry out the activation and powder making process of the polyurethane soft foam;

[0046] (3) The materials after the activation and powdering process of polyurethane soft foam by the second group of powder making equipment are transported to the quality inspection device 24 for quality inspection. The unqualified materials are re-entered into the second group of powder making equipment through the circulating conveyor belt 25 for additional activation and powdering. After the quality inspection by the quality inspection device is qualified, the prepared products are transported to the storage device for storage and standby. Example

[0047] (1) The polyurethane soft foam waste is placed on the double-station feeding conveyor belt 1, and after metal detection, it enters the residual material block making device for block cutting. The polyurethane soft foam waste is prepared into small cubic blocks with a side length of 10-100 mm, and then transported to the homogenization buffer silo 7 through the pneumatic feeder 4 to wait for the subsequent activation and powder making process;

[0048] (2) The polyurethane soft foam pieces in the homogenization buffer silo are conveyed into the activation powder making unit through the lifting conveyor belt 11 for the activation powder making process of the polyurethane soft foam. First, the polyurethane soft foam pieces in the homogenization buffer silo 7 are conveyed into the first double-roller strong shearing device 13. The material then enters the second double-roller strong shearing device 17 by gravity for preliminary activation powder making. The activated micro powder enters the second screw conveying device 51 below the second double-roller strong shearing device 17 by gravity, and enters the second group of powder making equipment through the second screw conveying device 51 and the feeding conveyor belt 22. The material after the activation powder making process of the polyurethane soft foam in the second group of powder making equipment is conveyed to the quality inspection device 24 for quality inspection;

[0049] (3) After the unqualified materials enter the second group of powder making equipment again through the circulating conveyor belt 25 for additional activation powder making, the activated micropowder enters the second screw conveying device below the fourth double-roller strong shearing device 23 by gravity, and the prepared activated micropowder is discharged through the screw conveying device. The linear speed of the front roller of the refiner is 10-60m / s, the speed ratio is 1:1.6-1:1.9, the diameter ratio of the two rollers is 1:1.2-1:1.3, the working length of the two rollers is 0.8-1m, and the working temperature is 50-85℃.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "top," "bottom," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0051] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A polyurethane soft foam low-temperature activation powder making device, characterized by: It includes a polyurethane soft foam crushing and briquetting module, a buffer quantitative feeding module, a preliminary shearing and powder making module and a differential activation powder making module which are connected in sequence; the polyurethane soft foam crushing and briquetting module is used to homogenize and cut irregular polyurethane soft foam waste, the buffer quantitative feeding module can cache the cut polyurethane soft foam waste and quantitatively transport it to the preliminary shearing and powder making module, the preliminary shearing and powder making module and the differential activation powder making module can realize low-temperature activation powder making through double-roller strong shearing equipment with different roller diameter ratios, speed ratios, roller spacings, roller speeds and mold temperature control; the preliminary shearing and powder making module includes a first group of powder making equipment, the first group of powder making equipment includes a first double-roller strong shearing equipment and a second double-roller strong shearing equipment with the same structure and arranged in series in the upper and lower longitudinal direction; the differential activation powder making module includes a second group of powder making equipment, the second group of powder making equipment includes a third double-roller strong shearing equipment and a fourth double-roller strong shearing equipment with the same structure and arranged in series in the front and back transverse direction Preparation; The cut polyurethane soft foam waste is subjected to the extrusion, stretching and shearing extrusion, stretching and shearing, and crushing action of a strong mechanical force field to achieve selective bond breaking of the polyurethane soft foam molecular chain, selectively break the active end groups between the polyurethane soft foam molecules, and make the polyurethane soft foam activated micropowder with high-end group activity and apparent activation energy; The first double-roller strong shearing equipment has the same structure as the third double-roller strong shearing equipment; The first double-roller strong shearing equipment includes a fixed base of the equipment, a roller frame is fixedly provided on the fixed base of the equipment, and a front working roller and a rear working roller are movably provided on the roller frame; A plurality of serially connected cooling holes are provided in the front working roller and the rear working roller, and the cooling holes are connected to an industrial temperature controller through a cooling pipe, which can adjust the temperature of the cooling medium; The working temperature of the first double-roller strong shearing equipment, the second double-roller strong shearing equipment, the third double-roller strong shearing equipment and the fourth double-roller strong shearing equipment is 20-100 o C, the temperature of the material when discharged is not higher than 70 o C.

2. The polyurethane soft foam low-temperature activation powder making device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polyurethane soft foam crushing and briquetting module includes a centralized crushing and briquetting device, one end of the centralized crushing and briquetting device is connected to a double-station feeding conveyor belt, and the other end is connected to a pneumatic loader through a pipeline, and the pneumatic loader is connected to the cache quantitative feeding module through a pipeline; a first metal detector is installed at one end of the double-station feeding conveyor belt close to the centralized crushing and briquetting device, and the first metal detector is electrically connected to the control end of the double-station feeding conveyor belt.

3. The polyurethane soft foam low-temperature activation powder making device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cache quantitative feeding module includes a separator connected to the pneumatic loader through a pipeline, the bottom of the separator is connected to a homogenizing cache silo, a quantitative metering device is provided at the bottom discharge port of the homogenizing cache silo, the quantitative metering device is connected to a first screw conveying device, the end of the first screw conveying device is connected to the preliminary shearing and powder making module through a lifting conveyor belt; a second metal detector is provided at one end of the lifting conveyor belt close to the first screw conveying device.

4. The polyurethane soft foam low-temperature activation powder making device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A dust processor is installed on the separator; a stirring device is provided in the homogenizing buffer silo, and the stirring device is transmission-connected to a stirring motor.

5. The polyurethane soft foam low-temperature activation powder making device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper feed port of the first double-roller strong shearing device is connected to the upper end of the lifting conveyor belt, the discharge port at the bottom of the first double-roller strong shearing device is connected to the second double-roller strong shearing device through a conveying pipe, and the bottom discharge port of the second double-roller strong shearing device is connected to a second spiral conveying device, and the end of the second spiral conveying device is connected to the differential activation powder making module through a feeding conveyor belt.

6. The polyurethane soft foam low-temperature activation powder making device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The third double-roller strong shearing equipment and the fourth double-roller strong shearing equipment are respectively provided with a second screw conveying device at the bottom discharge port, the second screw conveying device at the bottom of the second double-roller strong shearing equipment is connected to the feed port on the upper part of the third double-roller strong shearing equipment through a feeding conveyor belt, the second screw conveying device at the bottom of the third double-roller strong shearing equipment is connected to the feed port on the top of the fourth double-roller strong shearing equipment through another feeding conveyor belt, the end of the second screw conveying device at the bottom of the fourth double-roller strong shearing equipment is connected to a quality detection device, one end of the quality detection device is connected to a feeder through a circulating conveyor belt, and the feeder is connected to the feed port on the top of the third double-roller strong shearing equipment; each of the feeding conveyor belts is provided with a third metal detector and a metal rejection device at one end of the second screw conveying device connected thereto; the lifting conveyor belt, the feeding conveyor belt and the circulating conveyor belt are all provided with skirt baffles.

7. The polyurethane soft foam low-temperature activation powder making device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ends of the front working roller and the rear working roller are connected by a speed ratio gear transmission, and the gear shaft of the speed ratio gear is connected to the reducer through an elastic pin coupling, and the reducer is connected to the driving motor through a brake coupling; both ends of the front working roller and the rear working roller are provided with a material baffle plate, and the outer sides of the front working roller and the rear working roller are provided with a front and rear roller scraper for scraping materials, and the front and rear roller scrapers are installed on the bracket through a distance adjusting device; a dust removal cover is provided outside the front working roller and the rear working roller, and the dust removal cover includes an upper sealing guard cover and a lower sealing guard cover arranged symmetrically up and down, and a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the lower sealing guard cover, and the dust removal cover is connected to a dust recovery device fixed on the bracket, and a dust detector and a smoke alarm device are installed in the dust removal cover; the linear speed of the front working roller and the double-roller speed ratio of the first double-roller strong shearing equipment to the fourth double-roller strong shearing equipment gradually decrease.

8. The polyurethane soft foam low-temperature activation powder making device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first screw conveying device has the same structure as the second screw conveying device. The first screw conveying device includes a conveying cavity. A material conveying rod with a spiral structure is provided in the conveying cavity. One end of the material conveying rod is connected to a reducer through a coupling. A transition material receiving port is provided at the top of the conveying cavity. A conveying device discharge port is provided at the end of the conveying cavity away from the reducer. The outside of the conveying cavity is covered with a cooling jacket.

9. A method for producing polyurethane soft foam by low-temperature activation and powdering using the polyurethane soft foam low-temperature activation and powdering device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) The polyurethane soft foam waste is placed on a double-station conveyor belt, and after metal detection, it enters the polyurethane soft foam crushing and block making module for block cutting. The polyurethane soft foam waste is prepared into cubic blocks, and then transported to the homogenization buffer silo through a pneumatic feeder to wait for the subsequent activation and powder making process; (2) The polyurethane soft foam small pieces in the homogenization buffer silo are sequentially transported into the first group of powder making equipment and the second group of powder making equipment to carry out the activation and powder making process of the polyurethane soft foam; (3) The materials after the activation and powdering process of polyurethane soft foam by the second group of powder making equipment are transported to the quality inspection device for quality inspection. The unqualified materials are re-entered into the second group of powder making equipment through the circulating conveyor belt for additional activation and powdering. After the quality inspection device passes the quality inspection, the prepared products are transported to the storage device for storage and standby.

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