A device and method for detecting the anti-thrust ability of a railing

Abstract

A device and method for detecting the anti-thrust ability of a railing, belonging to the field of railing detection, the device comprises a thrust system, a sensor and an auxiliary claw system, the thrust system is used to generate a positive thrust to the railing to be tested, the thrust system is provided with a sensor, the sensor is used to detect the displacement and thrust generated by the thrust system; the auxiliary claw system is symmetrically connected to both sides of the thrust system, the auxiliary claw system grabs the railing to be tested, and generates a reverse force of the positive thrust under the action of the thrust system; the present invention uses the entire railing as a test object while keeping the railing intact, does not damage the structure of the railing, reduces the time and cost of preparation and repair, and makes the evaluation result more real and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of measurement, and in particular to a device and method for detecting the anti-thrust ability of a railing. Background Art

[0002] The truncation method is currently the most commonly used method for testing the anti-thrust capacity of railings. When using this method for testing, the railing handrail is cut off from the column at the selected test position to obtain a railing test unit with a length of about 1m for thrust testing. Since the tested section of the railing is independent of the surrounding railings after truncation, it is convenient to apply horizontal thrust according to the standard and obtain direct deformation data. The anti-thrust capacity of the railing can be directly calculated according to the standard and the qualification can be judged. However, this method increases the work of test preparation, railing damage and restoration. More importantly, the force condition of the railing during the test is not exactly the same as the actual condition, and some qualified objects may be mistakenly judged as unqualified.

[0003] There are also non-destructive testing devices for railings at present, but the force-applying device needs to be placed on the ground. In order to prevent the device from retreating due to the reaction force, holes must be drilled on site and the force-applying device must be fastened to the ground with anchor screws, which increases the workload of testing and causes damage to the ground. In addition, these types of devices have complex structures and are difficult to install. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on the above technical problems, the present invention provides a device and method for detecting the anti-thrust ability of a railing.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A railing anti-thrust ability detection device includes a thrust system, a sensor and an auxiliary claw system.

[0007] The thrust system is used to generate a positive horizontal thrust on the railing under test, and a sensor is provided on the thrust system, and the sensor is used to detect the displacement and thrust generated by the thrust system;

[0008] The auxiliary claw system is symmetrically connected to both sides of the thrust system. The auxiliary claw system grabs the railing to be measured and generates a reverse force of the positive horizontal thrust under the action of the thrust system.

[0009] Furthermore, the thrust system includes a frame, a thrust structure and a telescopic claw, the thrust structure is arranged in the frame, the telescopic claw is connected to the thrust structure, and the telescopic claw applies thrust to the measured railing under the action of the thrust structure.

[0010] Further, the thrust structure includes a rotating arm, a handle, a rotating nut, a fixing structure, a movable lead screw and an anti-rotation slider, one end of the movable lead screw is connected to the rotating arm, the handle is arranged on the rotating arm, the other end of the movable lead screw is connected to the frame through the fixing structure, one end of the movable lead screw is threadedly connected to the rotating nut, the other end of the movable lead screw is connected to the anti-rotation slider, and the anti-rotation slider is connected to the telescopic claw;

[0011] A slide groove is provided on the frame, and the anti-rotation sliding block slides in the slide groove to prevent the movable lead screw from rotating.

[0012] Furthermore, the fixing structure includes a bearing, a bearing seat and an end cover, the bearing is sleeved on the rotating nut, the bearing is fixedly connected to the frame through the bearing seat, and the end cover is connected to the bearing seat.

[0013] Furthermore, the sensor includes a displacement sensor and a pressure sensor, the displacement sensor is sleeved on the rotating nut, the displacement sensor is used to detect the number of rotations of the rotating nut, and a sleeve is provided between the displacement sensor and the fixed structure;

[0014] The pressure sensor is arranged between the movable lead screw and the anti-rotation sliding block, and is used to detect the positive thrust generated by the thrust system.

[0015] Furthermore, the auxiliary claw system includes a pair of support structures and a pair of auxiliary claws, the auxiliary claws are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the thrust system through the support structure, the support structure includes a long support arm and a short support arm, one end of the long support arm is hinged to the fixed structure, and the other end of the long support arm is hinged to the auxiliary claw, one end of the short support arm is hinged to the long support arm, and the other end of the short support arm is hinged to the frame, and the auxiliary claw and the telescopic claw are located on the same straight line.

[0016] Furthermore, the telescopic claw is in V-shaped contact with the railing to be measured; the auxiliary claw is also in V-shaped contact with the railing to be measured.

[0017] A detection method based on the anti-thrust capability detection device comprises the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Reverse the handle to return the telescopic claw to the initial end to initialize the sensor;

[0019] Step 2: Turn the handle forward to make the telescopic claw close to the railing to be measured, and continue to turn the handle forward. When the pressure sensor reading reaches the equivalent thrust value, stop turning the handle and record the displacement sensor reading;

[0020] The equivalent calculation formula of the pressure sensor reading and the equivalent thrust value is:

[0021]

[0022] Wherein, q represents the equivalent thrust value, 2F represents the pressure sensor reading, L represents the distance between the measured railing post and the telescopic claw, and a represents the distance between the auxiliary claw and the telescopic claw;

[0023] Step 3: Determine whether the railing is qualified based on the indication of the displacement sensor.

[0024] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] The present invention takes the whole railing as the test object while keeping the railing in its original state, applies a local concentrated load to the railing using the detection device disclosed in the present invention, and detects its deformation, thereby judging whether the railing is qualified. The structure of the railing is not damaged, the time and cost of preparation and repair are reduced, and more importantly, the detection state is consistent with the use state, and the evaluation result is more real and reliable.

[0026] The structure of the present invention is bow-shaped, and the bow-shaped structure can provide a supporting reaction force with the help of the inspected railing itself, and has a positive force and a reverse force. Compared with unilateral concentrated force detection, the positive force and the reverse force can effectively reduce the damage to the railing caused by the stress concentration of the local railing caused by the unilateral concentrated force.

[0027] In addition, the use of a bow-shaped structure has the following advantages: First, on the basis of meeting the detection standards, the required power is smaller, and it is more suitable for single or double-person manual force detection; second, it expands the applicable scenarios of railing detection and reduces the requirements for the detection site environment; third, the bow-shaped arm structure is a detachable structure, which increases portability.

[0028] The present invention adopts a screw nut transmission to provide a positive thrust, and completes the detection work by converting rotational motion into linear motion. Compared with directly using linear motion, the screw nut transmission requires less power and is more suitable for single or double use; at the same time, since the detection deformation is small, the screw nut transmission can amplify the detection deformation and increase the detection accuracy. The screw nut transmission has the advantages of compact structure and high structural rigidity.

[0029] The telescopic claw and auxiliary claw adopt V-shaped contact with the railing, which can make the force center in a straight line and improve the accuracy of detection.

[0030] The device does not need to be fixedly connected to the ground or the wall. The user is required to fix the device only before applying a positive thrust to make the auxiliary claw and the telescopic claw grasp the railing. After grasping the railing, the user does not need to fix the device and only needs to apply a positive thrust. The operation is convenient and saves time and effort.

[0031] The device is not limited to the situation of applying horizontal thrust, but can also be used to apply vertical thrust or other situations with an angle to the vertical direction, making the measurement more flexible. At the same time, it is not only suitable for detection inside the railing, but also for complex situations such as detection outside the railing, and has low requirements for the detection environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is the overall structure diagram of the detection device;

[0033] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the detection device;

[0034] Figure 3 is a front view of the detection device;

[0035] Figure 4 is a top view of the detection device;

[0036] Figure 5 The overall structural diagram of the detection device with a horizontal support structure;

[0037] Figure 6 A is an equivalent schematic diagram of the detection method;

[0038] Figure 7 is an equivalent schematic diagram B of the detection method;

[0039] Reference numerals:

[0040] 1-moving screw, 2-rotating nut, 3-bearing seat, 4-bearing, 5-rotating arm, 6-handle shaft, 7-handle, 8-frame, 9-pressure sensor, 10-auxiliary claw, 11-first connecting flange, 12-second connecting flange, 13-anti-rotation slider, 14-telescopic claw, 15-horizontal support plate, 16-support long arm, 17-support short arm, 18-end cover, 19-ground support round tube, 20-base, 21-adjustment structure, 22-displacement sensor, 23-sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] All features disclosed in this specification, except mutually exclusive features and / or steps, can be combined in any manner.

[0042] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] A railing anti-thrust ability detection device includes a thrust system, a sensor and an auxiliary claw system.

[0045] The thrust system is used to generate a positive thrust on the railing under test, that is, the thrust system generates a positive thrust to cause the railing under test to be deformed. The thrust system needs to be set in the middle of the railing under test, that is, the midpoint of the railing between the two columns. It can be not only a positive horizontal thrust, but also a positive vertical thrust, etc.

[0046] The thrust system is provided with a sensor, and the sensor is used to detect the displacement and thrust generated by the thrust system.

[0047] The auxiliary claw system is symmetrically connected to both sides of the thrust system. The auxiliary claw system grabs the railing to be measured and generates a reverse force of the forward thrust under the action of the thrust system.

[0048] The detection device adopts a bow-shaped structure. While the thrust system generates a positive thrust on the railing being tested, the auxiliary claw system generates a reverse force. The bow-shaped structure can provide a support reaction force with the help of the railing being tested. It has a positive force and a reverse force. Compared with the unilateral concentrated force detection, the positive force and the reverse force can effectively reduce the damage to the railing caused by the stress concentration of the unilateral concentrated force on the local railing. On the basis of meeting the detection standards, compared with the ground-supported detection instrument, the required power is smaller and it is more suitable for single or double manual force detection; it expands the applicable scenarios of railing detection and reduces the requirements for the detection site environment.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] This embodiment further describes the thrust system.

[0051] In this embodiment, the thrust system includes a frame 8, a thrust structure and a telescopic claw 14. The thrust structure is arranged in the frame 8. The telescopic claw 14 is connected to the thrust structure. The telescopic claw 14 applies thrust to the measured railing under the action of the thrust structure. The thrust structure can adopt a screw nut transmission, a gear rack transmission, etc., preferably a spiral transmission, which has the following advantages:

[0052] First, compared with direct use of linear motion, spiral transmission requires less power and is more suitable for single or double use; at the same time, because the detection deformation is small, the detection deformation can be magnified through spiral transmission to increase the detection accuracy. Second, compared with gear rack transmission, spiral transmission has the advantages of compact structure and high structural rigidity.

[0053] The thrust structure includes a rotating arm 5, a handle 7, a handle shaft 6, a rotating nut 2, a fixed structure, a movable screw 1 and an anti-rotation slider 13. One end of the rotating nut 2 is connected to the rotating arm 5. The outer periphery of the rotating nut 2 is square. A corresponding square hole is provided at one end of the rotating arm 5 so that the rotating arm 5 can be detachably mounted on the rotating nut 2. The other end of the rotating arm 5 is connected to the handle 7 through the handle shaft 6. By rotating the handle 7, the rotating nut 2 can be rotated.

[0054] The other end of the rotating nut 2 is connected to the frame 8 through the fixing structure, and the fixing structure includes a bearing 4, a bearing seat 3 and an end cover 18. The bearing 4 is sleeved on the rotating nut 2, and the bearing 4 is fixedly connected to the frame 8 through the bearing seat 3, and the end cover 18 is connected to the bearing seat 3. In this embodiment, the bearing 4 is an angular contact ball bearing 4, the bearing seat 3 is a square bearing seat 3, and the end cover 18 is also a square bearing end cover 18. The bearing seat 3 is fixed to the frame 8 by screws and nuts.

[0055] One end of the movable lead screw 1 is threadedly connected to the rotating nut 2. The working stroke of the movable lead screw 1 needs to be greater than the standard deformation of the railing. When the preset thrust value is reached, the deformation of the railing exceeds the standard deformation, and the railing is unqualified. The other end of the movable lead screw 1 is connected to the anti-rotation slider 13, and the anti-rotation slider 13 is connected to the frame 8, and the anti-rotation slider 13 is connected to the telescopic claw 14. A slide groove is provided on the frame 8, and the anti-rotation slider 13 slides in the slide groove to prevent the movable lead screw 1 from rotating.

[0056] The working process of the thrust system is: rotate the handle 7, and the handle 7 drives the rotating nut 2 to rotate under the action of the rotating arm 5. Since an anti-rotation slider 13 is provided on the moving screw 1, the moving screw 1 will move forward and backward relative to the rotating nut 2 in the frame 8. The moving screw 1 is connected to a telescopic claw 14, and the thrust is transmitted to the measured railing through the telescopic claw 14.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] This embodiment is based on the second embodiment and specifically describes the sensor.

[0059] The sensor includes a displacement sensor 22 and a pressure sensor 9. The displacement sensor 22 is sleeved on the rotating nut 2. A sleeve 23 is provided between the displacement sensor 22 and the fixed structure. The displacement sensor 22 is used to detect the number of rotations of the rotating nut 2. A protrusion is provided on the rotating nut 2, and a corresponding groove is provided on the displacement sensor 22. In this embodiment, the displacement sensor 22 selects a circular dial, which is sleeved on the rotating nut 2. When the rotating nut 2 rotates, the circular dial will be driven to rotate. The number of rotations of the rotating nut 2 can be obtained by the indication on the circular dial, and then the displacement of the moving screw 1 is calculated according to the pitch of the rotating nut 2. The displacement is the deformation of the railing.

[0060] The pressure sensor 9 is arranged between the moving screw 1 and the anti-rotation slider 13, and is used to detect the positive thrust generated by the thrust system. One side of the pressure sensor 9 is connected to the moving screw 1 through a first connecting flange 11, and the other side of the pressure sensor 9 is connected to the anti-rotation slider 13 through a second connecting flange 12. The pressure sensor 9 can detect the positive thrust applied to the railing.

[0061] Example 4

[0062] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 3 and further describes the auxiliary claw system.

[0063] The auxiliary claw system includes a pair of supporting structures and a pair of auxiliary claws 10. The auxiliary claws 10 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the thrust system through the supporting structure. The supporting structure includes a supporting long arm 16 and a supporting short arm 17. One end of the supporting long arm 16 is hinged to the bearing seat 3 of the fixed structure.

[0064] One end of the short support arm 17 is hinged to the long support arm 16, and the other end of the short support arm 17 is hinged to the frame 8. In this embodiment, the long support arm 16 is hinged to the bearing seat 3 through a pin shaft. When the pin shaft is removed, the long support arm 16 can be folded to increase portability. The short support arm 17 can not only fix the long support arm 16 during measurement, but also increase the strength of the long support arm 16.

[0065] The auxiliary claw 10 and the telescopic claw 14 are located on the same straight line. In this embodiment, the distance between the two auxiliary claws 10 is 1 meter. The telescopic claw 14 is in V-shaped contact with the railing to be measured; that is, the telescopic claw 14 includes two force-bearing surfaces, and the force points and the force centers of the force-bearing surfaces are in V-shape. The auxiliary claw 10 is also in V-shaped contact with the railing to be measured. Since the auxiliary claw 10 generates a reverse thrust, the auxiliary claw 10 is a hexagon without a bottom, including two V-shaped structures, which can keep the force center of the auxiliary claw 10 and the force center of the telescopic claw 14 in a straight line, thereby improving the measurement accuracy.

[0066] Example 5

[0067] In order to keep the measuring device horizontal when measuring the positive horizontal thrust and to provide a certain support effect, the present embodiment has a horizontal support structure arranged below the thrust system, the horizontal support structure comprising a horizontal support plate 15, a ground support circular tube 19, an adjustment structure 21 and a base 20. The upper part of the horizontal support plate 15 is connected to the thrust system, and the lower part of the horizontal support plate 15 is connected to the upper end of the ground support circular tube 19. The ground support circular tube 19 is provided with an adjustment structure 21, which can be adjusted by a nut. The lower end of the ground support circular tube 19 is connected to the base 20. Since the thrust system is only placed on the horizontal support plate 15, the horizontal support structure is only used to ensure that the measuring device is horizontal and to play a certain supporting role. Therefore, the base 20 does not need to be fixedly connected to the ground.

[0068] Example 6

[0069] This embodiment provides a method for detecting the anti-thrust ability based on embodiments 1-5. The telescopic claw 14 of the detection device is located at the midpoint of the railing to be tested, and the auxiliary claws 10 are distributed on both sides of the telescopic claw 14. The detection method includes the following steps:

[0070] Step 1: Reverse the handle 7 to return the telescopic claw 14 to the initial end to initialize the sensor;

[0071] Step 2: Turn the handle 7 forward to make the telescopic claw 14 close to the railing to be measured, and the displacement sensor 22 indicates a_0; continue to turn the handle 7 forward, and when the pressure sensor 9 indicates the equivalent thrust value, stop turning the handle 7 and record the displacement sensor 22 indication. The displacement sensor 22 indicates a_1;

[0072] Among them, since the pressure sensor 9 detects concentrated force, and the thrust in the standard is distributed force, it is necessary to convert the reading of the pressure sensor 9 into distributed force (equivalent thrust value), and the calculation formula is:

[0073]

[0074] Wherein, q represents the equivalent thrust value, 2F represents the reading of the pressure sensor 9, L represents the distance between the measured railing post and the telescopic claw 14, and a represents the distance between the auxiliary claw 10 and the telescopic claw 14;

[0075] Step 3: According to the indications a_0 and a_1 of the displacement sensor 22, it can be determined whether the handrail is qualified.

[0076] This method is not only applicable to judging whether the railing is qualified by judging whether the displacement sensor reading exceeds the standard value when the pressure sensor reading reaches the standard value, but also applicable to judging whether the railing is qualified by judging whether the pressure sensor reading exceeds the standard value when the displacement sensor reading reaches the standard value.

[0077] Example 7

[0078] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 6 and is used to specifically illustrate the calculation method for converting concentrated force into distributed force.

[0079] Since the railing works within the elastic range, according to the elastic stability theory, Figure 6 The deflection of the railing at point A is the maximum deformation of the model. According to the principle of symmetry, Figure 6 The angle of the point A shown must be zero. Consider the right half, such as Figure 7 As shown; after the force is applied, the midpoint A is regarded as the fixed end, the downward force of the right hinge point C is F, and the force of the auxiliary claw at point B is also F.

[0080] Figure 7 The deflection w at point C is C for:

[0081]

[0082] Here, EI represents the bending stiffness.

[0083] Deflection w at B θ for:

[0084]

[0085] Relative deflection w between BC BC for:

[0086]

[0087] The deflection of B relative to A is w B for:

[0088] Deflection w at A A for:

[0089]

[0090] According to the principle of equal deformation, that is, |w q |=|w A |, yes

[0091]

[0092] After sorting, there are

[0093]

[0094] Since L and a are constants, the concentrated load and the distributed load are in a linear relationship, which can improve the measurement accuracy of the detection instrument and is conducive to subsequent data processing and in-depth analysis of the force-deformation situation.

[0095] Example 8

[0096] This embodiment is based on the above embodiment, wherein the displacement sensor uses an encoder, preferably a photoelectric rotary encoder, and the encoder and the pressure sensor are directly connected to the computer through the corresponding interface. The computer collects displacement data and thrust data, so that the computer can calculate and display the deformation variable of the railing and the converted distributed force load in real time. The user only needs to pay attention to the data displayed by the computer and turn the handle at the same time. After reaching the standard distributed force load (deformation variable), stop turning the handle to determine whether the deformation variable (distributed force load) exceeds the standard value. If it exceeds the standard value, the railing is unqualified, otherwise it is qualified. The computer can also set alarm, prompt and other functions, and the corresponding results can be obtained without the user manually calculating or looking up the table. It is more versatile and more convenient to operate.

[0097] The above is an embodiment of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above implementation mode, and anyone should know that any structural changes made under the enlightenment of the present invention, and any technical solutions having the same or similar technical solutions as the present invention, fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the anti-thrust capacity of a railing, characterized in that: Including thrust system, sensor and auxiliary claw system, The thrust system is used to generate a positive thrust on the railing under test, and a sensor is provided on the thrust system, and the sensor is used to detect the displacement and thrust generated by the thrust system; The auxiliary claw system is symmetrically connected to both sides of the thrust system, and the auxiliary claw system grabs the railing to be tested, and generates a reverse force of the forward thrust under the action of the thrust system; The thrust system comprises a frame (8), a thrust structure and a telescopic claw (14), wherein the thrust structure is arranged in the frame (8), the telescopic claw (14) is connected to the thrust structure, and the telescopic claw (14) applies thrust to the measured railing under the action of the thrust structure; The thrust structure comprises a rotating arm (5), a handle (7), a rotating nut (2), a fixed structure, a movable lead screw (1) and an anti-rotation slider (13); one end of the movable lead screw (2) is connected to the rotating arm (5), the handle (7) is arranged on the rotating arm (5), the other end of the movable lead screw (2) is connected to the frame (8) via the fixed structure, one end of the movable lead screw (1) is threadedly connected to the rotating nut (2), the other end of the movable lead screw (1) is connected to the anti-rotation slider (13), and the anti-rotation slider (13) is connected to the telescopic claw (14); The frame (8) is provided with a slide groove, and the anti-rotation slider (13) slides in the slide groove to prevent the movable lead screw (1) from rotating; The fixed structure comprises a bearing (4), a bearing seat (3) and an end cover (18); the bearing (4) is sleeved on the rotating nut (2); the bearing (4) is fixedly connected to the frame (8) via the bearing seat (3); and the end cover (18) is connected to the bearing seat (3); The sensor comprises a displacement sensor (22) and a pressure sensor (9); the displacement sensor (22) is sleeved on the rotating nut (2); the displacement sensor (22) is used to detect the number of rotations of the rotating nut (2); and a sleeve (23) is provided between the displacement sensor (22) and the fixed structure; The pressure sensor (9) is arranged between the movable lead screw (1) and the anti-rotation slider (13) and is used to detect the horizontal thrust generated by the thrust system; The detection method of the detection device comprises the following steps: Step 1: Reverse the handle (7) to return the telescopic claw (14) to the initial end to initialize the sensor; Step 2: Rotate the handle (7) forward to make the telescopic claw (14) close to the railing to be measured, and continue to rotate the handle (7) forward. When the reading of the pressure sensor (9) reaches the equivalent thrust value, stop rotating the handle (7) and record the reading of the displacement sensor (22); The equivalent calculation formula of the pressure sensor (9) reading and the equivalent thrust value is: Wherein, q represents the equivalent thrust value, 2F represents the reading of the pressure sensor (9), L represents the distance between the measured railing post and the telescopic claw (14), and a represents the distance between the auxiliary claw (10) and the telescopic claw (14); Step 3: judging whether the handrail is qualified according to the indication of the displacement sensor (22).

2. A railing anti-thrust capacity detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary claw system comprises a pair of support structures and a pair of auxiliary claws (10), wherein the auxiliary claws (10) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the thrust system through the support structure, and the support structure comprises a long support arm (16) and a short support arm (17), wherein one end of the long support arm (16) is hinged to the fixed structure, and the other end of the long support arm (16) is hinged to the auxiliary claw (10), one end of the short support arm (17) is hinged to the long support arm (16), and the other end of the short support arm (17) is hinged to the frame (8), and the auxiliary claw (10) and the telescopic claw (14) are located on the same straight line.

3. A railing anti-thrust capacity detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The telescopic claw (14) is in V-shaped contact with the railing to be measured; the auxiliary claw (10) is also in V-shaped contact with the railing to be measured.

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