Device and method for quickly constructing bridge substructure in narrow water area with half bank and half water

Abstract

The present application relates to a device and method for rapidly constructing a bridge substructure in a narrow water area that is half bank and half water, and belongs to the technical field of underwater bridge foundation construction. The method includes: using a mast crane and a floating crane to insert and drive platform piles and support piles, and welding the connection system as a temporary support structure for the inner support of the cofferdam, and setting a pile bracket on the outer wall of the steel casing. The inner support of the cofferdam and the drilling platform are divided into several small pieces and assembled on a small double-jointed barge, and the small inner support is hoisted onto the temporary support structure by a small floating crane, and the small drilling platform is hoisted onto the pile bracket by a small floating crane. Drilling is started as soon as the first drilling platform is formed, and during the drilling construction process, the remaining inner support plates and drilling platform plates are hoisted and welded. During the drilling construction process, the inner support lowering system is installed, and the inner support of the cofferdam is lowered and installed. During the drilling construction process, the locking steel sheet pile cofferdam is inserted and driven with the inner support as a guide. The present application greatly saves construction costs and construction period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of underwater bridge foundation construction, and in particular to a device and method for rapidly constructing a bridge substructure in a narrow area that is half shore and half water. Background Art

[0002] At present, before the construction of pile foundation for deep-water bridge construction is carried out on large or extra-large bridge piers, a temporary drilling platform is needed for pile foundation construction. Construction machinery needs to be placed on the drilling platform, and it also needs to bear the construction load. Therefore, it needs to have sufficient rigidity, strength and stability. At the same time, the steel casing needs to be kept fixed to ensure the verticality of the pile foundation and meet the requirements of subsequent bridge construction.

[0003] In the related technology, the traditional construction method of the bridge substructure is: 1) driving steel pipe piles into the riverbed, building a drilling platform, constructing bored piles on the drilling platform, and removing the drilling platform within the steel sheet pile cofferdam after the bored pile construction is completed; inserting steel pipe piles, installing the inner support of the cofferdam, sealing the bottom of the cofferdam and pumping out water, cutting off the steel casing, chiseling off the pile head, and constructing the foundation. 2) first driving steel pipe piles into the riverbed, building a drilling platform, constructing bored piles on the drilling platform, and removing the drilling platform within the steel sheet pile cofferdam after the bored pile construction is completed, welding a bracket on the steel casing above the water surface, welding the inner support of the cofferdam on the bracket, connecting the four steel casings at the four corners, installing the lowering system on the steel casing, using a jack to lift the inner support of the cofferdam as a whole, removing the bracket, lowering the inner support of the cofferdam to the designed elevation, fixing the inner support of the cofferdam, and removing the lowering system. Drive steel sheet piles using the inner support of the cofferdam as a guide, seal the bottom of the cofferdam and pump out water, cut off the steel casing, chisel off the pile heads, and construct the foundation.

[0004] For the underwater bridge foundation constructed by the traditional method mentioned above, it is necessary to build a drilling platform first, which takes several months to build. This method is not applicable to projects with tight schedules. The traditional method of constructing underwater bridge foundations requires a wide area of ​​water to facilitate the positioning of large equipment and ships, but it is difficult to construct in a construction area that is half onshore and half in water and has a narrow water area. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a device and method for quickly constructing a bridge substructure in a narrow area where half of the bridge is on shore and half of the bridge is in water, so as to solve the problem in the related art that the construction of underwater bridge foundations requires the establishment of a drilling platform first, and the establishment of the drilling platform takes several months, resulting in low construction efficiency.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a device for rapidly constructing a bridge substructure in a narrow water area where the bridge is half bank and half water, comprising:

[0007] Steel casings, wherein a plurality of steel casings are provided, and the plurality of steel casings are inserted into set positions of the bridge foundation, and a pile hanging bracket is fixedly provided on the outer wall of each of the steel casings;

[0008] The drilling platform is horizontally fixed on the pile-hanging bracket and located at the top of the steel casing. A through hole penetrating the steel casing is provided on the drilling platform.

[0009] In some embodiments, it further includes multiple platform piles inserted around the drilling platform for supporting the drilling platform. The tops of the multiple platform piles are fixedly connected to the edge of the drilling platform.

[0010] In some embodiments, multiple support piles are also inserted around the drilling platform. The distance between the support piles and the drilling platform is greater than the distance between the platform piles and the drilling platform, and a connecting system is provided between adjacent support piles and platform piles;

[0011] An inner support for the cofferdam of the steel sheet pile for supporting the steel sheet pile cofferdam is provided on the connecting system between the support piles and the platform piles. A grid-shaped steel casing positioning guide frame is fixedly provided at the top of the inner support for the cofferdam.

[0012] In some embodiments, a distributing beam lowering system for synchronously lowering the inner support for the cofferdam to a set elevation is provided on the support piles and the platform piles. There are four groups of the distributing beam lowering systems, and the four groups of distributing beam lowering systems are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the inner support for the cofferdam.

[0013] In some embodiments, several lock-mouth steel sheet piles are inserted around the inner support for the cofferdam. The several lock-mouth steel sheet piles are connected end to end to form a water-blocking steel sheet pile cofferdam, and the inner wall of the lock-mouth steel sheet pile is attached to the inner support for the cofferdam.

[0014] In some embodiments, the inner support for the cofferdam is a rectangular frame structure. The inner support for the cofferdam includes a left half inner support for the cofferdam and a right half inner support for the cofferdam. Both the left half inner support for the cofferdam and the right half inner support for the cofferdam are in a "C" - shaped structure, and the left half inner support for the cofferdam and the right half inner support for the cofferdam are welded and connected to form the inner support for the cofferdam.

[0015] In some embodiments, the drilling platform at least includes two prefabricated drilling platforms, and the adjacent two prefabricated drilling platforms are spliced end to end to form the drilling platform.

[0016] In some embodiments, a drilling rig for drilling inside the steel casing is provided on the drilling platform.

[0017] In some embodiments, a trestle and a mast crane or floating crane for inserting the steel casing are provided beside the drilling platform. The mast crane is located on the shore side, and the floating crane is located on the water area side.

[0018] A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a method for quickly constructing a bridge substructure in a narrow water area with half shore and half water, the method using the device for quickly constructing a bridge substructure in a narrow water area with half shore and half water as described in any of the above embodiments, the method comprising the following steps:

[0019] In order to construct the temporary support structure supporting the inner support of the cofferdam in a half-shore and half-water environment, this step uses the mast crane on the shore side to drive a small number of platform piles and supporting piles on the shore side, and the floating crane on the water side to drive a small number of platform piles and supporting piles on the water side;

[0020] In order to quickly assemble and hoist the cofferdam inner support and drilling platform in a narrow water environment, in this step, the cofferdam inner support and drilling platform are divided into several small pieces for assembly on a small double-jointed barge, so that a small cofferdam inner support can be hoisted onto a temporary support structure by a small floating crane, and a small drilling platform can be hoisted onto a pile bracket by a small floating crane;

[0021] In order to quickly and accurately locate and drive the steel casing in a half-shore and half-water environment, in this step, a grid-shaped steel casing positioning guide frame is fixedly installed on the top of the support inside the cofferdam, and the steel casings are driven one by one under the positioning of the steel casing positioning guide frame by using a mast crane and a floating crane;

[0022] In order to quickly construct the bridge substructure, in this step, the outer wall of the steel casing at the design elevation is fixed with a pile bracket to support the drilling platform, and the welding connection between the two adjacent platform piles and the supporting piles is used as a temporary support structure for the inner support of the cofferdam;

[0023] First, hoist the first cofferdam inner support onto the temporary support structure, and then hoist the first drilling platform on it onto the pile bracket to form drilling conditions and start drilling as soon as possible. During the drilling construction process, hoist and weld the remaining cofferdam inner supports and drilling platforms, and during the drilling construction process, install the cofferdam inner support lowering system, lower and install the cofferdam inner supports;

[0024] During the drilling process, the locking steel sheet piles are inserted one by one with the inner support of the cofferdam as the guide to form a water-retaining steel sheet pile cofferdam;

[0025] While the drilling construction was going on, the welding and installation of the drilling platform for the remaining sections, the welding and lowering of the supports inside the cofferdam, and the driving of the locking steel sheet piles were completed simultaneously, saving the time for the installation and dismantling of the drilling platform, the welding and lowering of the supports inside the cofferdam, and the driving of the locking steel sheet piles.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this application include:

[0027] The construction device of the present application is provided with a pile hanging bracket on the outer wall of the steel casing, and a prefabricated drilling platform is installed on the pile hanging bracket for drilling. The steel casing not only provides protection for the bored piles but also serves as the foundation of the drilling platform. When constructing the drilling platform, there is no need to insert steel pipe piles, install distribution beams, bridge decks and other structures to form the drilling platform, which greatly saves construction costs and construction period.

[0028] The drilling platform and the supports inside the cofferdam are assembled in sections and blocks. In the narrow waters, large floating cranes and large barges cannot be positioned. Under the restrictive conditions that small barges can be used for block assembly and small floating cranes for block lifting, drilling conditions can be formed as soon as possible to achieve the goal of starting drilling as soon as possible.

[0029] After the drilling conditions are formed on the first drilling platform, the welding and installation of the drilling platforms and the supports inside the cofferdam of the remaining sections, the welding and lowering of the supports inside the cofferdam, and the driving of the locking steel sheet piles can be completed simultaneously, saving the time for installation and dismantling of the drilling platform, the welding and lowering of the supports inside the cofferdam, and the driving of the locking steel sheet piles, thus greatly shortening the construction period. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a structural front view of the construction device of the embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of the construction device of the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a structural front view of step 1 of the construction method of the embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 4 A top view of the structure of step 1 of the construction method of the embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a structural front view of step 2 of the construction method of the embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 6 A top view of the structure of step 2 of the construction method of the embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 7 A top view of the structure of step 3 of the construction method of the embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 8This is a structural front view of step 4 of the construction method of the embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Fig. 9 A top view of the structure of step 4 of the construction method of the embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Fig.10 This is a structural front view of step 5 of the construction method of the embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Fig.11 A top view of the structure of step 5 of the construction method of the embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Fig.12 This is a structural front view of step 6 of the construction method of the embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Fig.13 A top view of the structure of step 6 of the construction method of the embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Fig.14 This is a structural front view of step 7 of the construction method of the embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Fig.15 A top view of the structure of step 7 of the construction method of the embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Fig.16 This is a structural front view of step 8 of the construction method of the embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Fig.17 This is a top view of the structure of step 8 of the construction method of an embodiment of the present application.

[0048] Reference numerals:

[0049] 1. Support piles; 2. Platform piles; 3. Steel casing; 4. Pile bracket; 5. Drilling platform; 5a. First prefabricated drilling platform; 5b. Second prefabricated drilling platform; 5c. Third prefabricated drilling platform; 6. Connection system; 7. Support inside the cofferdam; 7a. Support inside the left half cofferdam; 7b. Support inside the right half cofferdam; 8. Distribution beam lowering system; 9. Locking steel sheet piles; 10. Trestle; 11. Steel casing positioning guide frame; 12. Floating crane; 13. Mast crane; 14. Bottom sealing concrete; 15. Capping platform; 16. Pier body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0051] The embodiments of the present application provide a device and method for quickly constructing a bridge substructure in a narrow area where half of the bridge is on shore and half of the bridge is in water. The device and method can solve the problem in related technologies that underwater bridge foundation construction requires the establishment of a drilling platform first, and the establishment of the drilling platform takes several months, resulting in low construction efficiency.

[0052] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a device for quickly constructing a bridge substructure in a narrow water area where half of the bridge is on the shore and half of the bridge is in water, comprising:

[0053] Steel casing 3, which is provided with multiple pieces, and multiple steel casings 3 are inserted and driven at the set position of the bridge foundation and arranged in a matrix, and the steel casing 3 provides protection for bored pile construction to prevent hole collapse. The outer wall of each steel casing 3 is fixed with a pile hanging bracket 4, and the pile hanging bracket 4 is detachably connected or welded to the steel casing 3. A drilling platform 5, which is fixed on the pile hanging bracket 4 in a horizontal direction and is located at the top of the steel casing 3, is provided with a through hole for penetrating the steel casing 3 on the drilling platform 5, and provides a working platform for bored pile construction. A trestle 10 and a mast crane 13 or a floating crane 12 for inserting and driving the steel casing 3 are provided on the side of the drilling platform 5, the mast crane 13 is located on the shore side, and the floating crane 12 is located on the water side, the mast crane 13 is used to insert and drive the steel casing 3 located near the shore side, and the floating crane 12 is used to insert and drive the steel casing 3 near the water side and to lift the drilling platform 5.

[0054] The construction device of the embodiment of the present application is fixed with a pile hanging bracket 4 on the outer wall of the steel casing 3, and a drilling platform 5 prefabricated in advance is installed on the pile hanging bracket 4 for drilling. The steel casing 3 not only provides protection for the bored pile construction, but also serves as the basis of the drilling platform 5. Therefore, the present application does not need to insert steel pipe piles, install distribution beams, bridge decks and other structures to form a drilling platform, which greatly saves construction costs and construction period. The mast crane 13 is used as a lifting equipment near the shore, and the floating crane 12 is used as a lifting equipment on the water side, which solves the problem that the construction water area is narrow and large-scale lifting equipment cannot fully cover it.

[0055] In some alternative embodiments: See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a device for quickly constructing a bridge substructure in a narrow water area with half shore and half water, and the construction device also includes a plurality of platform piles 2 inserted and driven around the drilling platform 5 for supporting the drilling platform 5, and the tops of the plurality of platform piles 2 are fixedly connected to the edge of the drilling platform 5. The plurality of platform piles 2 form a rectangular structure, and the plurality of platform piles 2 are inserted and driven at the edge of the drilling platform 5 for supporting the edge of the drilling platform 5.

[0056] A plurality of supporting piles 1 are driven around the drilling platform 5, the distance between the supporting piles 1 and the drilling platform 5 is greater than the distance between the platform piles 2 and the drilling platform 5, and a connection system 6 for temporarily supporting the inner support 7 of the cofferdam is arranged between adjacent supporting piles 1 and platform piles 2, and the two ends of the connection system 6 are detachably connected or welded to the supporting piles 1 and the platform piles 2 respectively.

[0057] The connection system 6 between the supporting pile 1 and the platform pile 2 is provided with a cofferdam inner support 7 for supporting the steel sheet pile cofferdam, and a grid-shaped steel casing positioning guide frame 11 is fixed on the top of the cofferdam inner support 7. The cofferdam inner support 7 provides inner support for the steel sheet pile cofferdam, thereby improving the structural strength of the steel sheet pile cofferdam. The steel casing positioning guide frame 11 provides positioning and guidance for inserting the steel casing 3, ensuring that the steel casing 3 is accurately positioned during the insertion process, thereby improving the construction accuracy of the bored pile and improving the construction quality.

[0058] In some alternative embodiments: See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a device for quickly constructing a bridge substructure in a narrow area of ​​half shore and half water. The supporting piles 1 and the platform piles 2 of the construction device are provided with a distribution beam lowering system 8 for synchronously lowering the inner support 7 of the cofferdam to a set elevation. The distribution beam lowering system 8 is provided with four groups, and the four groups of distribution beam lowering systems 8 are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the inner support 7 of the cofferdam.

[0059] Before lowering the cofferdam inner support 7, the cofferdam inner support 7 is temporarily fixed on the connection system 6 between the supporting pile 1 and the platform pile 2. At this time, the cofferdam inner support 7 and the steel casing positioning guide frame provide support and positioning for the insertion of the steel casing 3 at the top of the connection system 6. When all the steel casings 3 are inserted, the distribution beam lowering system 8 for lowering the cofferdam inner support 7 is set on the supporting pile 1 and the platform pile 2.

[0060] The distribution beam lowering system 8 includes a distribution beam, a hydraulic jack and high-quality rolled threaded steel bars. The two ends of the distribution beam are fixedly connected to the tops of the supporting piles 1 and the platform piles 2 respectively. The hydraulic jack is fixed on the distribution beam. One end of the high-quality rolled threaded steel bars is connected to the hydraulic jack. The other end of the high-quality rolled threaded steel bars is fixedly connected to the inner support 7 of the cofferdam. The hydraulic jack lowers the inner support 7 of the cofferdam to the set elevation by lowering the high-quality rolled threaded steel bars.

[0061] When the inner support 7 of the cofferdam is lowered to the set elevation, the inner support 7 of the cofferdam is welded to the platform pile 2 beside the inner support 7 of the cofferdam through the connecting plate and the stiffening plate to form a whole, and then the distribution beam lowering system 8 is removed.

[0062] In some alternative embodiments: See Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, the embodiment of the present application provides a device for quickly constructing the lower structure of a bridge in a narrow water area with half shore and half water. A number of lock-type steel sheet piles 9 are driven around the inner support 7 of the cofferdam of the construction device. The number of lock-type steel sheet piles 9 are connected end to end to form a water-blocking steel sheet pile cofferdam, and the inner wall of the lock-type steel sheet pile 9 is attached to the inner support 7 of the cofferdam. The steel sheet pile cofferdam provides a water-free environment for the underwater construction of the bridge foundation, facilitating the construction of bored piles, pile caps and piers of the bridge foundation.

[0063] The inner support 7 of the cofferdam is a rectangular frame structure. The inner support 7 of the cofferdam includes a left half inner support 7a of the cofferdam and a right half inner support 7b of the cofferdam. Both the left half inner support 7a of the cofferdam and the right half inner support 7b of the cofferdam are in a "C" shape structure. The left half inner support 7a of the cofferdam and the right half inner support 7b of the cofferdam are welded together to form the inner support 7 of the cofferdam. The drilling platform 5 includes at least three prefabricated drilling platforms, and two adjacent prefabricated drilling platforms are spliced end to end to form the drilling platform 5. The three prefabricated drilling platforms are a first prefabricated drilling platform 5a, a second prefabricated drilling platform 5b and a third prefabricated drilling platform 5c respectively. After the drilling platform 5 is built, a drilling rig for drilling operations inside the steel casing 3 is provided on the drilling platform 5.

[0064] The inner support 7 of the cofferdam is composed of a left half inner support of the cofferdam and a right half inner support of the cofferdam, and the drilling platform 5 includes at least two prefabricated drilling platforms. The split-type inner support 7 of the cofferdam and the drilling platform 5 are not only convenient for sectional drilling operations. After the drilling platform 5 in a certain area is built, drilling operations can be carried out first, and the drilling platform 5 in other areas can continue to be built. The drilling operations of the drilling platforms 5 in each area do not interfere with each other, improving the construction efficiency. Moreover, since the lower structure of the bridge in the present application is located in a narrow water area with half shore and half water and large floating cranes cannot stand, making the inner support 7 of the cofferdam and the drilling platform 5 into split-type structures respectively can use small floating cranes to carry out hoisting operations in batches and in blocks in the narrow water area, solving the problem that the construction water area is narrow and large hoisting equipment cannot enter the site.

[0065] See Figures 3 to 17 As shown in the figure, the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a method for quickly constructing the lower structure of a bridge in a narrow water area with half shore and half water. The method uses the device for quickly constructing the lower structure of a bridge in a narrow water area with half shore and half water described in any of the above embodiments. The method includes the following steps:

[0066] Step 1, see Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in the figure, drive the pier trestle piles and the mast crane foundation piles in a certain order, erect the trestle 10 and install the mast crane 13. Use the mast crane 13 on the shore side and the floating crane 12 on the water side to drive the platform piles 2 and the support piles 1 in the upstream water area, and weld the connecting system 6 between the adjacent platform piles 2 and support piles 1 as the temporary support structure of the inner support 7 of the cofferdam.

[0067] A double barge is used as the assembly site for the cofferdam inner support 7 in the water area. The cofferdam inner support 7 is assembled in two pieces on the double barge. Since the water area where the bridge substructure of the present application is located is narrow, a large floating crane cannot be used, and the mast crane 13 has insufficient lifting capacity, the cofferdam inner support 7 is assembled in two pieces on the double barge. The cofferdam inner support 7 is divided into a left half cofferdam inner support 7a and a right half cofferdam inner support 7b. The floating crane 12 is used to first lift the left half cofferdam inner support 7a of the processed cofferdam inner support 7 to the connecting system 6 between the platform pile 2 and the supporting pile 1 and weld it to fix it.

[0068] A grid-shaped steel casing positioning guide frame 11 is fixedly installed on the top of the support 7a in the left half of the cofferdam, and the three rows of upstream steel casings 3 are inserted one by one under the positioning of the steel casing positioning guide frame 11 by using the mast crane 13 and the floating crane 12.

[0069] Step 2: See Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a pile-hanging bracket 4 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the designed elevation of the three upstream rows of steel casings 3 that have been inserted and driven, and the first prefabricated drilling platform 5a of the drilling platform 5 is integrally installed on the pile-hanging bracket 4 and the platform piles 2 for drilling use by using a floating crane 12; after the installation of the first prefabricated drilling platform 5a is completed, a drilling rig is arranged on the first prefabricated drilling platform 5a, and drilling operations are carried out in the three upstream rows of steel casings 3.

[0070] Step 3: See Figure 7 As shown, a mast crane 13 and a floating crane 12 are used to drive the platform piles 2 and the supporting piles 1 in the downstream waters, and a connection system 6 is welded between the adjacent platform piles 2 and supporting piles 1 as a temporary support structure for the cofferdam inner support 7; a floating crane 12 is used (the mast crane 13 has a bank slope, the lifting range is too far, and the lifting capacity is insufficient, so the floating crane 12 is used for lifting in this embodiment) to lift the right half of the cofferdam inner support 7b of the processed cofferdam inner support 7 in batches to the connection system 6 between the platform pile 2 and the supporting pile 1 and weld it to fix it.

[0071] A grid-shaped steel casing positioning guide frame 11 is fixedly installed on the top of the right half cofferdam inner support 7b. The five rows of downstream steel casings 3 are inserted one by one under the positioning of the steel casing positioning guide frame 11 by using the mast crane 13 and the floating crane 12. The right half cofferdam inner support 7b and the left half cofferdam inner support 7a are welded into a whole to form the cofferdam inner support 7, and then the diagonal braces and transverse braces in the cofferdam inner support 7 are installed.

[0072] Step 4: See Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, while drilling holes in the steel casing 3 is being performed using a drilling rig on the first prefabricated drilling platform 5a, the distribution beam lowering system 8 is used to complete the lowering construction of the support 7 in the cofferdam.

[0073] The distribution beam lowering system 8 includes a distribution beam, a hydraulic jack and high-quality rolled threaded steel bars. The two ends of the distribution beam are fixedly connected to the tops of the supporting piles 1 and the platform piles 2 respectively. The hydraulic jack is fixed on the distribution beam. One end of the high-quality rolled threaded steel bars is connected to the hydraulic jack. The other end of the high-quality rolled threaded steel bars is fixedly connected to the inner support 7 of the cofferdam. The hydraulic jack lowers the inner support 7 of the cofferdam to the set elevation by lowering the high-quality rolled threaded steel bars.

[0074] Step 5: See Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, a pile-hanging bracket 4 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the designed elevation of the five rows of downstream steel casings 3 that have been inserted and driven, and the second prefabricated drilling platform 5b and the third prefabricated drilling platform 5c of the drilling platform 5 are installed on the pile-hanging bracket 4 and the platform piles 2 in sequence by using a floating crane 12 for use in drilling; after the second prefabricated drilling platform 5b and the third prefabricated drilling platform 5c are installed, drilling rigs are arranged on the second prefabricated drilling platform 5b and the third prefabricated drilling platform 5c to perform drilling operations in the five rows of downstream steel casings 3.

[0075] Step 6: See Fig.12 and Fig.13 As shown, when the inner support 7 of the cofferdam is lowered to the set elevation, the inner support 7 of the cofferdam is welded into a whole with the platform pile 2 next to the inner support 7 of the cofferdam through the connecting plate and the stiffening plate, and then the distribution beam lowering system 8 is removed, and a number of locking steel sheet piles 9 connected end to end are inserted around the inner support 7 of the cofferdam to complete the steel sheet pile cofferdam construction.

[0076] Step 7, see Fig.14 and Fig.15 As shown, after the bored piles and the steel sheet pile cofferdam are constructed, the drilling rig is evacuated, the first prefabricated drilling platform 5a, the second prefabricated drilling platform 5b, the third prefabricated drilling platform 5c, the pile hanging bracket 4 and the supporting piles 1 are dismantled, and the bottom sealing concrete 14 is poured at the bottom of the steel sheet pile cofferdam.

[0077] Step 8, see Fig.16 and Fig.17 As shown, after the bottom seal concrete 14 hardens, water is pumped out of the steel sheet pile cofferdam using pumping equipment to form a water-free environment, the upper steel casing 3 of the bottom seal concrete 14 is cut off, and the steel bars are tied to construct the cap 15 and the pier body 16.

[0078] How it works

[0079] The embodiments of the present application provide an apparatus and method for quickly constructing a bridge substructure in a narrow area where half of the bridge is on the shore and half of the water. Since the construction apparatus of the present application is provided with a steel casing 3, a plurality of steel casings 3 are provided, and the plurality of steel casings 3 are inserted into set positions of the bridge foundation and arranged in a matrix, and a pile hanging bracket 4 is fixedly provided on the outer wall of each steel casing 3; a drilling platform 5, which is fixed on the pile hanging bracket 4 in a horizontal direction and is located at the top of the steel casing 3, and a through hole for penetrating the steel casing 3 is provided on the drilling platform 5.

[0080] Therefore, the construction device of the present application is fixedly provided with a pile hanging bracket 4 on the outer wall of the steel casing 3, and a drilling platform 5 prefabricated in advance is installed on the pile hanging bracket 4 for drilling use, and the steel casing 3 serves as the foundation of the drilling platform 5. There is no need to drive steel pipe piles, install distribution beams, bridge panels and other structures to form a drilling platform, which greatly saves construction costs and construction period. The drilling platform 5 is assembled in sections and blocks to achieve the purpose of drilling as soon as possible, and it can also be lifted in batches and blocks by using a small floating crane in a narrow water area where a large floating crane cannot be stationed. The construction method of the present application, while constructing bored piles, hoists and lowers the inner support 7 of the cofferdam to construct a steel sheet pile cofferdam, which greatly saves construction period.

[0081] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0082] It should be noted that, in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0083] The above description is only a specific implementation of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest range consistent with the principles and novel features applied for herein.

Claims

1. A method for rapidly constructing a bridge substructure in a narrow area with half shore and half water, characterized in that: The method uses a device for quickly constructing the lower structure of a bridge in a narrow water area with half shore and half water. The device includes: Steel casing (3), multiple steel casings (3) are provided, and the multiple steel casings (3) are driven into the set positions of the bridge foundation. A hanging pile bracket (4) is fixedly provided on the outer wall of each steel casing (3); Drilling platform (5), the drilling platform (5) is horizontally fixed on the hanging pile bracket (4) and is located at the top of the steel casing (3). A through hole penetrating the steel casing (3) is provided on the drilling platform (5); The cofferdam internal support (7) is of a rectangular frame structure. The cofferdam internal support (7) includes a left half cofferdam internal support (7a) and a right half cofferdam internal support (7b). Both the left half cofferdam internal support (7a) and the right half cofferdam internal support (7b) are in an "L" - shaped structure. The left half cofferdam internal support (7a) and the right half cofferdam internal support (7b) are welded together to form the cofferdam internal support (7); The drilling platform (5) at least includes two prefabricated drilling platforms, and two adjacent prefabricated drilling platforms are spliced end - to - end to form the drilling platform (5); It also includes multiple platform piles (2) driven around the drilling platform (5) for supporting the drilling platform (5). The tops of the multiple platform piles (2) are fixedly connected to the edge of the drilling platform (5); Multiple support piles (1) are also driven around the drilling platform (5), and a connecting system (6) is arranged between adjacent support piles (1) and platform piles (2); On the connecting system (6) between the support pile (1) and the platform pile (2), a cofferdam internal support (7) for supporting the steel sheet pile cofferdam is arranged. A steel casing positioning and guiding frame (11) in a grid shape is fixedly provided at the top of the cofferdam internal support (7); On the support pile (1) and the platform pile (2), there is a distribution beam lowering system (8) for synchronously lowering the cofferdam internal support (7) to the set elevation; Several lock - mouth steel sheet piles (9) are driven around the cofferdam internal support (7), and the several lock - mouth steel sheet piles (9) are connected end - to - end to form a water - blocking steel sheet pile cofferdam; On the drilling platform (5), there is a drilling rig for drilling inside the steel casing (3); A trestle (10) and a mast crane (13) or floating crane (12) for driving the steel casing (3) are arranged beside the drilling platform (5). The mast crane (13) is located on the shore side, and the floating crane (12) is located on the water area side; The method includes the following steps: Using the mast crane (13) on the shore side and the floating crane (12) on the water area side to drive the platform piles (2) and support piles (1) in the upstream water area, and welding the connecting system (6) between adjacent platform piles (2) and support piles (1) as a temporary support structure for the cofferdam internal support (7); Using a double - hull barge on the water area side as an assembly site for the cofferdam internal support (7), and using the floating crane (12) to hoist the left half cofferdam internal support (7a) of the already processed cofferdam internal support (7) onto the connecting system (6) between the platform pile (2) and the support pile (1) and welding it in place; A grid-shaped steel casing positioning guide frame (11) is fixedly installed on the top of the left half cofferdam inner support (7a), and three rows of upstream steel casings (3) are inserted one by one under the positioning of the steel casing positioning guide frame (11) by using a mast crane (13) and a floating crane (12); A pile bracket (4) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the designed elevation of the three rows of upstream steel casings (3) that have been inserted and driven, and a first prefabricated drilling platform (5a) of the drilling platform (5) is integrally installed on the bracket (4) and the platform pile (2) by means of a floating crane (12) for use in drilling holes; after the first prefabricated drilling platform (5a) is installed, a drilling rig is arranged on the first prefabricated drilling platform (5a) to perform drilling operations in the three rows of upstream steel casings (3); Using a mast crane (13) on the shore side and a floating crane (12) on the water side, platform piles (2) and supporting piles (1) are driven into the downstream waters, and a connection system (6) is welded between adjacent platform piles (2) and supporting piles (1) to serve as a temporary supporting structure for the inner support (7) of the cofferdam; Using a floating crane (12), the left half cofferdam inner support (7b) of the processed cofferdam inner support (7) is hoisted onto the connection system (6) between the platform pile (2) and the supporting pile (1) and fixed by welding; A grid-shaped steel casing positioning guide frame (11) is fixedly installed on the top of the left half cofferdam inner support (7b), and five rows of steel casings (3) are inserted one by one downstream under the positioning of the steel casing positioning guide frame (11) by using a mast crane (13) and a floating crane (12); the right half cofferdam inner support (7b) and the left half cofferdam inner support (7a) are welded into a whole to form a cofferdam inner support (7), and then the diagonal braces and transverse braces in the cofferdam inner support (7) are installed; While drilling holes in the steel casing (3) using a drilling rig on the first prefabricated drilling platform (5a), the lowering construction of the cofferdam inner support (7) is completed using the distribution beam lower system (8); A pile bracket (4) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the downstream five rows of steel casing (3) at the designed elevation after being inserted and driven, and a second prefabricated drilling platform (5b) and a third prefabricated drilling platform (5c) of the drilling platform (5) are installed on the bracket (4) and the platform pile (2) by means of a floating crane (12) for use in drilling holes; after the second prefabricated drilling platform (5b) and the third prefabricated drilling platform (5c) are installed, a drilling rig is arranged on the second prefabricated drilling platform (5b) and the third prefabricated drilling platform (5c), and drilling operations are performed in the downstream five rows of steel casing (3); When the inner support (7) of the cofferdam is lowered to the set elevation, the inner support (7) of the cofferdam is welded to the platform pile (2), and a number of end-to-end connected locking steel sheet piles (9) are inserted around the inner support (7) of the cofferdam to complete the steel sheet pile cofferdam construction; After the bored piles and the steel sheet pile cofferdam are constructed, the drilling rig is removed, the first prefabricated drilling platform (5a), the second prefabricated drilling platform (5b), the third prefabricated drilling platform (5c), the pile bracket (4) and the supporting piles (1) are dismantled, the bottom sealing concrete (14) is poured at the bottom of the steel sheet pile cofferdam, the water in the steel sheet pile cofferdam is pumped out to form a water-free environment, the upper steel casing (3) of the bottom sealing concrete (14) is cut off, and the steel bars are tied to construct the cap (15) and the pier body (16).

2. The method for rapidly constructing a bridge substructure in a narrow area of ​​half shore and half water as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the supporting pile (1) and the drilling platform (5) is greater than the distance between the platform pile (2) and the drilling platform (5).

3. The method for rapidly constructing a bridge substructure in a narrow area of ​​half shore and half water as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The distribution beam lowering system (8) is provided with four groups, and the four groups of distribution beam lowering systems (8) are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the inner support (7) of the cofferdam.

4. The method for rapidly constructing a bridge substructure in a narrow area of ​​half shore and half water as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the locking steel sheet pile (9) is in contact with the inner support (7) of the cofferdam.

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