Radiation protection devices and materials

Abstract

This invention relates to rigid structures and composite materials for providing radiation attenuation / shielding. Some embodiments relate to radiation shielding devices comprising: a plurality of positionable radiation shielding tile stacks. These stacks are arranged sequentially and adjacently. A tile positioning mechanism allows the tiles within the stacks to move between a stacked (retracted) position and an extended position. In the extended position, the tiles of each of the plurality of radiation shielding stacks at least partially overlap the tiles of sequentially adjacent tile stacks at their corresponding opposite side edges.

Description

[0001] Cross-references

[0002] This application claims priority to provisional patent application US 62 / 787,636 (Attorney’s File No. 46125-706.101), filed January 2, 2019, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Invention Field

[0003] This invention relates to rigid structures and composite materials for providing radiation attenuation / shielding. Some embodiments of the invention relate to radiation shielding devices comprising: a plurality of positionable radiation shielding tile stacks arranged sequentially and adjacently in a continuous stack configuration; and a tile positioning mechanism configured to allow tiles within the stacks to move between a stacked or retracted position and an extended position, wherein in the extended position, a tile in each of the plurality of radiation shielding stacks overlaps with a tile in a sequentially adjacent tile stack at its corresponding opposite side edge. Background Technology

[0004] X-ray equipment is routinely used in a variety of applications and systems, including diagnostic tools in medical conditions. Therefore, medical providers and technicians operating X-ray systems may be exposed to cumulative doses of radiation and may suffer harm from such X-ray exposure. Consequently, there is a continuous need in the field and technology of medical imaging for improved equipment design, materials, and methods to prevent or at least minimize such cumulative radiation exposure to reduce health risks. X-ray shielding devices are part of this effort to reduce exposure to stray radiation to below certain levels.

[0005] Exemplary teachings in the field and technology of this invention are provided by the applicant of this invention in the following disclosures: US 8,439,564 and 8,113,713 and WO 2017 / 083437, which are incorporated herein by reference as fully set forth herein.

[0006] Additional disclosures in this field include: US 6,325,538; US 8,460,777; US7,897,949; US5,525,408; US5,099,134; US 2003 / 174802; US 2017 / 278585; JP 6391149; CN 205959627U; and CN 103045983, which are incorporated herein by reference as fully set forth herein.

[0007] Exemplary radiation shielding devices are described in the following disclosures: U.S. Patent Applications Nos. 2018 / 0168525 and 2018 / 0249972, which are incorporated herein by reference as fully set forth herein.

[0008] Challenges associated with radiation shielding devices include the requirement to maintain the most complete shielding possible, preferably using lightweight but rigid materials with sufficient radiation shielding / blocking properties. Summary of the Invention

[0009] This invention relates to a radiation shielding device comprising an adjacent stack of radiation shielding tiles that can be extended to provide radiation shielding or at least mitigate exposure to scattered radiation in areas outside the device. Such shielding is intended to limit / reduce radiation exposure to personnel and technicians working with or near X-ray radiation systems (e.g., the C-arm of a fluoroscopy system).

[0010] This invention provides an apparatus with a tile stack having a tile positioning mechanism that allows movement of the tiles between a retracted stack position and an extended position. The tiles have a unique structure that provides a compact, contracted arrangement when in the retracted position and minimizes radiation leakage when in the extended position. The tiles include side edges with a unique structure for mitigating radiation leakage.

[0011] Thus, the device may include at least one radiation shielding assembly, which includes a support base operatively connected to a radiation source or a radiation detector of an X-ray system.

[0012] Multiple positionable radiation-shielding tile stacks, wherein the stacks are arranged adjacently in a sequential stacking configuration; and

[0013] A tile positioning mechanism configured to allow tiles within a stack to move between a stacked or retracted position and an extended position, wherein in the extended position, a tile in each of a plurality of radiation shielding stacks overlaps with a tile in a sequentially adjacent tile stack at its corresponding opposite side edge.

[0014] The tiles may include composite radiation shielding materials. This composite material allows the device to be lightweight yet rigid, while still providing radiation shielding. Structures incorporating the composite materials disclosed herein can be configured in terms of material composition; various layers, and / or combinations of layers, and / or layer arrangements; and, depending on their implementation, can be configured to be flat or non-flat.

[0015] A specific example of a non-flat configuration is one or both side edges of a tile, which can be particularly useful for mitigating radiation leakage. Such side edge configurations can include V-shaped sections, wavy configurations, and / or zigzag patterns, or combinations thereof. Such configurations (e.g., wavy and zigzag) allow for stable overlap of the increased surface area of ​​the side edges of adjacent tiles without using / requiring additional linear space; and provide a more tortuous path for potential radiation leakage, thereby reducing the chance and / or amount of radiation leakage. The edges (peaks of ridges) of a V-shape or zigzag (and the apex / valley of a wave) define an axis A1 parallel to the direction of extension of the tile stack. That is, the edges (peaks of ridges) are parallel to the direction of movement of the tile stack.

[0016] Advantages of the present invention may include (a) reduced radiation exposure (i.e., providing more comprehensive radiation shielding), particularly including reduced radiation leakage at radiation shielding corners; (b) improved overlap of adjacent radiation shielding tiles or tile stack sections (i.e., tile stacks), thereby mitigating radiation leakage; and (c) provided improved radiation shielding strength and / or stability. Examples of such improved configurations or patterns of overlap are noted above, namely wavy; V-shaped; and serrated. Similarly, regardless of the specific shape of the tile edges, or whether the tiles form the face of the shielding structure or include their corners, the edges of V-shaped or serrated and / or wavy ridges / valleys (peaks of ridges), an axis A1 is defined at the overlapping side edges, parallel to the direction of extension of the tile stack.

[0017] Therefore, one aspect of the present invention relates to a radiation shielding device, comprising:

[0018] Multiple positionable radiation-shielding tiles are stacked, wherein the stacks are arranged adjacently in a sequential stacking configuration; and

[0019] A tile positioning mechanism configured to allow tiles within a stack to move between a stacked or retracted position and an extended position, wherein in the extended position, tiles of each of a plurality of radiation shielding stacks overlap with tiles in sequentially adjacent tile stacks at their corresponding opposite side edges.

[0020] In one or more embodiments, the tile and its corresponding opposite side edges are non-flat.

[0021] In one or more embodiments, the non-flat corresponding opposite side edges have a serrated or V-shaped profile.

[0022] In one or more embodiments, the non-flat corresponding opposite side edges have a wavy or S-shaped profile.

[0023] In one or more embodiments, the tile stacks form a structure having at least two faces, each face including at least one tile stack; and corner tile stacks connect their two adjacent faces.

[0024] In one or more embodiments, the tile stacks form a structure having at least three faces, each face including at least one tile stack; and corner tile stacks connect their two adjacent faces.

[0025] In one or more embodiments, the tile stacks form a structure with four faces, each face including at least one tile stack; and the four corner tile stacks connect their two adjacent faces.

[0026] In one or more embodiments, the corner tile stack covers an area at least about 90° between two adjacent faces.

[0027] In one or more embodiments, the tile positioning mechanism includes a track and a sliding element for allowing the sliding element of a tile to slide along the length of the track of an adjacent (upper or lower) tile within the stack.

[0028] In one or more embodiments, the tracks and sliding elements within the stack are arranged in a gradient structure to provide a compact structure for the tiles in the stack.

[0029] In one or more embodiments, the tracks and sliding elements within the stack are arranged in a nested structure, thereby providing a compact structure for the tiles in the stack.

[0030] In one or more embodiments, the tiles within the stack include grooves to accommodate tracks for the tiles and corresponding sliding elements for sequentially adjacent tiles.

[0031] In one or more embodiments, the grooves of stacked adjacent tiles are arranged such that the groove of one tile corresponds to the groove of its sequentially adjacent tile, such that a groove of one tile at least partially accommodates a second groove of a second adjacent tile, thereby providing a compact structure of the stacked tiles.

[0032] In one or more embodiments, each tile includes a first side edge having a concave or V-shaped profile and an opposing second side edge having a convex or inverted V-shaped profile, and tiles in sequentially adjacent tile stacks are arranged such that the concave or V-shaped profile of a tile in one stack overlaps with the convex or inverted V-shaped profile of a tile in a sequentially adjacent tile stack.

[0033] The materials and structure of the tiles may include one or more layers of carbon fiber and bonding materials, as well as one or more layers of radiation-damping materials. In some designs, the tiles disclosed herein include one or more layers of carbon fiber incorporated within a mixture of bonding materials and one or more radiation-damping materials. In some designs, the tiles disclosed herein include one or more layers of radiation-damping materials and polymer mixtures. The structures obtained from the materials disclosed herein are rigid, lightweight, and may be flat or non-flat, and possess radiation shielding properties.

[0034] One aspect of the invention relates to a rigid / semi-rigid structure comprising a radiation-attenuating composite material, the composite material comprising a mixture of one or more polymers and one or more radiation-attenuating materials, wherein the resulting structure is a single-layer structure.

[0035] In one or more embodiments, the radiation attenuation material is provided as a powder, which is substantially uniformly dispersed in one or more polymers.

[0036] Another aspect of the invention relates to a radiation attenuation composite material comprising: one or more carbon fiber layers; a bonding material; and a radiation attenuation material applied over and / or between the one or more carbon fiber layers.

[0037] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a radiation attenuation composite material, comprising: one or more layers of carbon fibers and a binding material; and a radiation attenuation material applied on and / or between one or more carbon fiber layers.

[0038] Another aspect of the invention relates to a radiation attenuation composite material, comprising: one or more layers of carbon fibers; a bonding material applied to and / or between the one or more layers of carbon fibers and configured to adhere at least partially thereto; and a radiation attenuation material applied to and / or between one or more layers of carbon fibers.

[0039] Another aspect of the invention relates to structures obtained from the radiation-attenuating composite materials disclosed herein. Yet another aspect of the invention relates to radiation shielding devices obtained from the radiation-attenuating structures disclosed herein.

[0040] In one or more embodiments, the structures disclosed herein include a bonding material. In one or more embodiments, the structures disclosed herein do not include a bonding material.

[0041] In one or more embodiments, the binding material is a polymer.

[0042] In one or more embodiments, the bonding material is selected from thermosetting resins, polyesters, vinyl esters, nylon, and combinations thereof. In one or more embodiments, the thermosetting resin is an epoxy resin. In one or more embodiments, the structures disclosed herein do not include bonding materials selected from thermosetting resins, polyesters, vinyl esters, nylon, and combinations thereof. In one or more embodiments, the thermosetting resin is an epoxy resin. In one or more embodiments, the structures disclosed herein do not include thermosetting resins.

[0043] In one or more embodiments, the structures disclosed herein do not include carbon fiber.

[0044] In one or more embodiments, the radiation attenuating material is a metal. In one or more embodiments, the radiation attenuating material is a metal selected from tungsten, lead, bismuth, antimony, barium, tantalum, and combinations thereof.

[0045] In one or more embodiments, the composite material further includes materials selected from aromatic polyamides (e.g., poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) known by trade names such as Kevlar, Nomex, Technora, and Twaron), aluminum, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), glass fiber, and combinations thereof.

[0046] In one or more embodiments, the binding material and the radiation attenuation material are provided as a substantially homogeneous mixture of liquid or semi-solid, comprising particles of the radiation attenuation material and the binding material.

[0047] In one or more embodiments, the radiation attenuation material is in the form of a foil.

[0048] In one or more embodiments, the composite material is arranged as a layered structure comprising one or more layers of carbon fibers and bonding materials, and one or more layers of radiation attenuation materials.

[0049] In one or more embodiments, the composite material has a radiation attenuation capability equivalent to or greater than that of a lead foil with a thickness of 0.1 mm.

[0050] In one or more embodiments, the radiation attenuation material layer has a radiation attenuation capability equivalent to or greater than that of a lead foil with a thickness of 0.1 mm.

[0051] In one or more embodiments, the thickness of the carbon fiber layer is at least about 0.05 mm.

[0052] In one or more embodiments, carbon fibers define the outer surface of the layered structure. In one or more embodiments, at least two adjacent carbon fiber layers are spaced apart or separated from each other by a radiation-damping material. In one or more embodiments, the composite material includes first and second carbon fiber layers, a third radiation-damping material layer, and third and fourth carbon fiber layers. In one or more embodiments, the radiation-damping material layer is disposed between the carbon fiber layers.

[0053] In one or more embodiments, the composite material comprises one or more layers of carbon fibers to which a substantially uniform composition is applied.

[0054] In one or more embodiments, the substantially homogeneous composition comprises 15% to 95% by weight of a radiation-damping material and a binding material. In one or more embodiments, the substantially homogeneous composition comprises 15% to 60% by weight of a radiation-damping material and a binding material. In one or more embodiments, the substantially homogeneous composition comprises 15% to 80% by weight of a radiation-damping material and a binding material.

[0055] In one or more embodiments, the composite material comprises four layers of carbon fibers to which a substantially uniform composition is applied.

[0056] In one or more embodiments, after curing (e.g., by heating, by applying high pressure, or by simply drying in the ambient environment), a rigid, lightweight product with a thickness of at least about 0.3 mm is obtained.

[0057] In one or more embodiments, the composite material comprises two or more types of radiation attenuation materials.

[0058] In another aspect, the present invention provides a rigid structure made of a radiation-attenuating composite material as described herein. In one or more embodiments, the structure has radiation shielding properties. In one or more embodiments, the structure is a rigid tile. In one or more embodiments, the structure is a non-flat rigid structure. In one or more embodiments, the structure is curved. In one or more embodiments, the tile includes one or more bends for receiving a sliding mechanism. In one or more embodiments, the sliding mechanism includes a track. In one or more embodiments, the track is linear. In one or more embodiments, the sliding mechanism includes a sliding element that can slide along the sliding mechanism or track. In one or more embodiments, the sliding mechanism includes a friction-adjusting element or a bearing element (e.g., a ball bearing) or the like.

[0059] In another aspect, the present invention provides a substantially uniform radiation attenuation composition comprising a binding material and particles of one or more radiation attenuation materials.

[0060] In one or more embodiments, the bonding material is selected from thermosetting resins, polyesters, vinyl esters, nylon, and combinations thereof. In one or more embodiments, the thermosetting resin is an epoxy resin. In one or more embodiments, the radiation attenuating material is a metal selected from tungsten, lead, bismuth, antimony, barium, tantalum, and combinations thereof.

[0061] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and / or scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. While similar or equivalent methods and materials described herein may be used in the practice or testing of embodiments of the invention, exemplary methods and / or materials are described below. In case of conflict, the patent specification (including definitions) shall prevail. Furthermore, materials, methods, and embodiments are illustrative only and are not intended to be necessarily limiting.

[0062] Incorporation

[0063] All publications, patents and patent applications mentioned in this specification are incorporated herein by reference as if each individual publication, patent or patent application were specifically and individually cited. Attached Figure Description

[0064] The novel features of the invention are specifically set forth in the appended claims. A better understanding of the features and advantages of the invention will be gained by referring to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings, which illustrate illustrative embodiments utilizing the principles of the invention, in which:

[0065] This document describes some embodiments of the invention by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed reference is now made to the accompanying drawings, whereby the details shown are emphasized as examples and for the purpose of illustratively presenting embodiments of the invention. Accordingly, the accompanying drawings... Figure 1 The description above makes it easy for those skilled in the art to understand how embodiments of the invention can be practiced.

[0066] In the attached diagram:

[0067] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of a part of an X-ray system, primarily its exemplary C-arm, including prior art radiation shielding devices.

[0068] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of a portion of a radiation protection / shielding device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] Figure 3 The perspective view of two sequentially adjacent radiation-blocking tiles stacked in the retracted position, having an extension-retraction or tile positioning mechanism.

[0070] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of two sequentially adjacent radiation-blocking tiles stacked in the extended position, which has an extension-retraction or tile positioning mechanism.

[0071] Figure 5 This is a top view of the stack of three radiation-blocking tiles of the device in the retracted position.

[0072] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Perspective view.

[0073] Figure 7 It is a top view of a stacked and sequentially adjacent corner stack, each stack having four radiation-blocking tiles of the present invention in a retracted position.

[0074] Figure 8 It is a top view of a stacked and sequentially adjacent stack, each stack having radial blocking tiles with serrated profiles on the side edges.

[0075] Figure 9 It is a top view of a stacked and sequentially adjacent stack, each stack having radial blocking tiles with S-shaped profiles on the side edges.

[0076] Figure 10 The schematic diagram illustrates a composite material comprising an outer carbon fiber layer and an intermediate layer of substantially homogeneous composition, the substantially homogeneous composition including a binding material, a first radiation attenuating material and a second radiation attenuating material.

[0077] Figure 11 An exemplary composite material comprising a layer of carbon fibers incorporated into a substantially homogeneous composition is schematically illustrated. The substantially homogeneous composition includes a binding material, a first radiation-damping material, and / or a second radiation-damping material.

[0078] Figure 12 An exemplary composite material comprising two layers of carbon fibers is schematically illustrated, each layer of carbon fibers being incorporated into a substantially homogeneous composition comprising a composite material, a first radiation-damping material, and / or a second radiation-damping material.

[0079] Figure 13 An exemplary composite material comprising three carbon fiber layers is schematically illustrated, which together with a first radiation attenuation material and a second radiation attenuation material form a sandwich structure.

[0080] Figures 14A to 14B The illustration schematically depicts a composite material comprising four layers of carbon fibers and a bonding material, according to some embodiments of the present invention. Figure 14B Exemplary tile structure manufactured by () Figure 14A Each two layers are separated by an intermediate layer of radiation attenuation material.

[0081] Figure 15 An exemplary composite material comprising eight layers of carbon fibers and bonding materials is schematically illustrated, with each four layers separated by an intermediate layer of radiation-attenuating material.

[0082] Figure 16 An exemplary composite material comprising four layers of carbon fibers and a bonding material is schematically illustrated, with each pair of layers separated by a double intermediate layer having a first radiation-attenuating material layer and a second radiation-attenuating material layer.

[0083] Figure 17 An exemplary composite material comprising four layers of carbon fibers and a bonding material is schematically illustrated, with each pair of layers separated by a triple interlayer having a first radiation attenuation material layer, a second radiation attenuation material layer, and a carbon fiber layer therebetween.

[0084] Figure 18 An exemplary composite material comprising four layers of carbon fibers and bonding materials is schematically illustrated, with each pair of layers separated by a triple interlayer comprising a first radiation attenuation material layer, a second radiation attenuation material layer, and a spacer layer therebetween.

[0085] Figures 19A to 19B An exemplary curved tile structure is schematically illustrated as a shielding element used in a radiation shielding device to block radiation emitted from an X-ray imaging system. Figure 19A Tiles made of composite materials ( Figure 19B It has two layers of carbon fiber and bonding material, as well as an intermediate layer of radiation attenuation material.

[0086] Figures 20A to 20B The schematic diagram illustrates a composite material consisting of a single-layer composition of a radiation-attenuating material and a polymer material. Figure 20B An exemplary curved tile structure manufactured by () Figure 20A ).

[0087] It should be understood that, for the sake of simplicity and clarity, the elements shown in the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. For example, for clarity, some of the dimensions of the elements are enlarged relative to each other. Furthermore, where deemed appropriate, reference numerals are repeated in the figures to indicate the corresponding elements. Detailed Implementation

[0088] While preferred embodiments of the invention have been shown and described herein, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that such embodiments are provided by way of example only. Many modifications, alterations, and substitutions will now occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the invention. It should be understood that various alternatives to the embodiments of the invention described herein may be employed in the practice of the invention. The following claims are intended to define the scope of the invention and therefore cover the methods and structures within the scope of these claims and their equivalents.

[0089] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific methods, apparatus, articles, or products described herein, as these may vary as those skilled in the art will recognize. It should also be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The following exemplary embodiments are described in the context of radiation shielding devices and portions thereof for ease of description and understanding. However, the invention is not limited to the specifically described products and methods and can be adapted to various applications without departing from the overall scope of the invention. All scopes disclosed herein include endpoints. The term “or” should be interpreted as “and / or” unless the specific context indicates otherwise.

[0090] The present invention relates to radiation shielding devices and apparatus that can be incorporated into a radiation emission system (e.g., an X-ray system) to protect the surrounding environment from exposure to scattered radiation around a radiation / X-ray source and / or image intensifier.

[0091] The term “X-ray” and its derivatives may be used interchangeably with the term “radiation” and its derivatives; although for most parts, the term “X-ray” will be used for ease of understanding and readability, without limiting the scope of the invention.

[0092] The invention relates to radiation-impermeable tiles (or sections holding these tiles) used to form a continuous shielding element in a radiation shielding device. The radiation shielding device formed by the tiles disclosed herein can be used to provide protection against the surrounding environment in fluorescence imaging procedures, preventing exposure to scattered radiation emitted from an X-ray system.

[0093] The radiation shielding device / equipment of the present invention comprises an assembly of sequentially arranged stacks of radiation-blocking tiles. Each stack includes a plurality of tiles. The stacks / segments are arranged sequentially and movably connected (associated) to form an extendable and accessible tile stack with a plurality of tiles, wherein every two adjacent stacks and their tiles partially overlap to form a continuous radiation shield.

[0094] The tiles disclosed herein include extensions at (or included in) their side edges to form a segment / stack of multiple tiles, wherein the extensions (or side edges) of the tiles in one stack are arranged to geometrically match (correspond to) and at least partially overlap the extensions (side edges) of the tiles in adjacent stacks, thereby forming a continuous radiation shield.

[0095] In a tile stack, the tiles (especially sections) are deployable. In other words, the tiles are arranged parallel to each other in a compact / retracted position (see example...). Figure 3 ) and can be unfolded to form an extended transmissive barrier (see, for example) Figure 4 The tile stack can also be retracted from the extended position, where the unfolded tiles can optionally slide back over each other via a sliding mechanism to return to the compact / retracted position.

[0096] In one or more embodiments, the tiles have no frame, or do not include an outer frame. When in the retracted position, they form a compact, lightweight stack of segments.

[0097] The segments are arranged sequentially and include corner segments with corner tiles disposed at the corners of the tile / segment stack assembly, forming a shape spanning the X-ray imaging area. The radiation shielding assembly may include at least two, three, four, or five surfaces. A corner segment with corner tiles can span at least about 90° between tile segments on adjacent surfaces within the shielding assembly, thereby covering the entire corner area. A corner segment with corner tiles can span about 90° to about 120° between tile stacks on adjacent surfaces within the shielding assembly, thereby covering the entire corner area. A corner segment with corner tiles can span about 90° in an exemplary square / rectangular assembly, thereby covering the entire corner area between tile stacks on adjacent surfaces within the shielding assembly. A corner segment with corner tiles can span about 108° in an exemplary pentagonal assembly, thereby covering the entire corner area between tile stacks on adjacent surfaces within the shielding assembly. The corner section with corner tiles can span approximately 120° in the exemplary hexagonal assembly, thereby covering the entire corner area between the tile stacks of adjacent faces within the assembly of the shielding device.

[0098] Figure 1A prior art radiation shielding device is schematically illustrated. The device is shown in conjunction with a typical C-arm 20 of an X-ray system used to create X-ray images of a patient. The X-ray system includes a radiation source 22 and a radiation detector 24 mounted on opposite ends of the C-arm 20. The device includes a non-transmissive or radiation attenuation / blocking shield comprising at least one radiation shielding assembly 28 (e.g., as illustrated, above and below the patient), the at least one radiation shielding assembly 28 having a support base 30 connectable to the radiation source 22 and / or to the radiation detector 24 mounted on opposite ends of the C-arm 20.

[0099] Radiation shielding assembly 28 includes multiple radiation shielding stacks 32, each including multiple stacked tiles (such as, Figure 2 (as shown in tile 134). These radiation shielding stacks 32 are sequentially positioned relative to the support base 30 to form a continuously configured non-transmissive radiation attenuation / blocking shield.

[0100] The shielding assembly 28 has a free end 38 for extending across the periphery of the patient's body area. The radiation shielding stack 32 and its tiles 134 are controllable to extend or retract to a selected length, positioning the corresponding free end 38 near the patient or an object such as an X-ray table.

[0101] In use, the radiation source 22 and the radiation detector 24 are positioned on opposite sides of the patient, specifically on a particular part of the patient. The radiation source 22 emits an X-ray beam that passes through the specific part of the patient toward the radiation detector 24, which records the X-ray radiation exposure and feeds the image or video to a computer and / or a monitor.

[0102] Figure 2 An exemplary radiation shielding assembly 128 of the present invention is schematically illustrated, which forms part of a radiation protection device operatively connectable to an X-ray system or the like. The radiation shielding assembly 128 is operatively connected to a support base 130, which in turn is connected to a radiation source 22; and / or to a radiation detector 24.

[0103] Component 128 includes a radiation shielding stack 132 (tile stack) sequentially arranged to operably extend from a support base 130, thereby forming a continuous radiopaque barrier configured to span the imaging zone during an X-ray procedure. The radiation shielding stack 132 can be individually and actively controlled to extend and retract to a selected length; in other words, individual tiles 134 of the stack 132 can be moved to extended and retracted positions (including partial or complete retraction / extension). Tiles 134 can be considered to constitute or be part of individual stack segments; therefore, the terms “stack segment”, “stacked tiles”, and “tile” and their derivatives are used interchangeably throughout the specification and claims. Component 128 may also include flaps 136 at the free ends 138 of the stack 132, for example, pivotally attached to the free ends to assist around the patient and help limit scattered radiation exposure. The stack 132 can be attached to the support base 130 via the innermost tile 134, as... Figure 2 As illustrated. Alternatively, stack 132 can be attached to support base 130 via outermost tile 134. Furthermore, the free end 138 of outermost tile 134 is connected to wing 136 via support base 146 and bracket 147.

[0104] Figure 3 and Figure 4 Stacked tiles 134 are shown in retracted and extended positions, respectively; extension and retraction can be performed using a retract-extension or tile positioning mechanism 140. In the retracted configuration ( Figure 3 In this structure, tiles 134 are arranged parallel to each other, forming a compact stacked structure. As illustrated, the tile positioning mechanism 140 may include one or more linear tracks 142; and sliding elements 144 configured to slide along the respective tracks 142. Each tile 134 includes at least one track 142 and at least one sliding element 144. Optionally, each tile 134 includes two tracks 142 and two sliding elements 144. Figure 4 As seen in the diagram, to allow for a compact retractable form, the track 142a of one tile 134a is positioned offset from the track 142b of the other tile 134b. Similarly, to allow for a compact retractable form, the sliding element 144a of one tile 134a is positioned offset from the sliding element (not shown) of the other tile 134b. That is, the resulting tile positioning mechanism 140 presents a stepped structure that facilitates a compact stacking structure.

[0105] The tile positioning mechanism 140 may include friction adjusting elements or bearing elements (e.g., ball bearings, etc.) (not shown) and may be configured for manual operation, such as by simply pushing or pulling to a desired position, or may include a manual crank (which may include a rack and pinion device or pulley mechanism) (not shown). Optionally or additionally, the tile positioning mechanism 140 may also include a transmission mechanism, which includes a motor, such as an electric motor, or a pneumatic or hydraulic mechanism (not shown).

[0106] Figure 3 and Figure 4 The illustration also shows tile 134 with tile side edges 148. Side edges 148 are critical for providing effective radiation protection and preferably have a non-flat configuration, such as having one or more typically V-shaped or L-shaped ridges, as illustrated. However, other such configurations, such as wavy or S-shaped configurations (e.g., Figure 9 (As shown) is also valid. Figure 3 The illustration also shows how adjacent side edges 148 stacked together are within each stack 132, and how one on each side of the stack 132 corresponds to the next. Figure 4 The illustration also shows how the side edges 148 of adjacent tiles 134 in adjacent stacks 132 correspond, and how they correspond between adjacent tiles in the stack. As shown, each tile 134 includes a concave structure 148a at a first side edge of the tile 134. Figure 3 And a convex structure 148b at the second opposite edge of the tile 134. Such an uneven structure constitutes a substantially stable shield, wherein, when unfolded, the tiles 134 within the stack 132 remain with each other, maintaining a stable and continuous radiation attenuation structure / barrier without any stacking and / or detachment of tiles.

[0107] Therefore, it should be understood that tiles 134 in a stack 132 are mounted and arranged such that their opposite / adjacent lateral sides (side edges 148) at least partially overlap the lateral sides (side edges) of adjacent tiles in the stack. Similarly, tiles 134 are mounted and arranged such that their bottom and top ends overlap the top and bottom ends of other vertically (stacked) adjacent tiles in the same stack, as... Figure 4 As illustrated, such overlap between the lower and upper ends can be formed by overlapping the elements of the tile positioning mechanism 140. This provides a continuously closed protective shield with minimal radiation leakage to protect against X-ray radiation scattering during imaging.

[0108] Figure 5The diagram shows a track 142 and a sliding element 144 of a tile positioning mechanism 140, which is mounted and received in one or more notches or grooves 150 of tiles 134, particularly in the space or gap formed by corresponding grooves in one or more stackably adjacent tiles 134 of each stack 132. The term "stackably" refers to a situation where a tile 134 is positioned above (or below) a subsequent tile of the same stack 132 when the tile is in the retracted position. Due to the configuration of the notches / grooves 150, adjacent stackable tiles 134 (e.g., tiles 134a and 134b) are correspondingly configured to receive the track 142n and the sliding element 144n. Such a corresponding configuration can be achieved by a subsequent tile 134 as illustrated, wherein tile 134b follows tile 134a, and tile 134b has a groove 150b that is narrower than the groove 150a of tile 134a, and groove 150b fits within groove 150a, like a smaller / narrower tray fitting within a larger / wider tray. In a particular design, the width of groove 150b is approximately two-thirds of the width of groove 150a; and the width of groove 150c is approximately one-third of the width of groove 150a and approximately half the width of groove 150b.

[0109] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Perspective view, Figure 6 The compact nesting nature of tile 134 is further emphasized, which is important for saving space. It should be noted that tile 134 is illustrated as having two tracks 142 and two corresponding sliding elements 144; however, with necessary modifications, tile positioning mechanism 140 may include a different number of such tracks and sliding elements, such as one, three, or more.

[0110] Track 142n is connected to tile 134a, and sliding element 144n is connected to tile 134b. Therefore, the outermost tile 134 (shown as tile 134a) of the stack 132 is attached to the support base 146. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The innermost tiles (tiles 134b) slide sequentially on the track 142n via sliding elements 144n. It should be understood that this arrangement can be reversed, with necessary modifications, wherein the innermost tile 134 is connected to the support base 146, and the outermost tiles slide sequentially on the track 142n via their sliding elements 144.

[0111] Figure 7This is a top view of two stacks 132 of four radiation-blocking tiles 134 in the retracted position, illustrating the corner stack 132p. The corner stack 132p is curved or has bends therein to create an effective corner formation. The side edges 148 on both sides of the corner stack 132p provide the same tile overlap as previously described. In this way, the stacks 132 can form a continuous radiation protection shield, for example, with a generally square profile, although shielding structures with other profiles can be produced. The corner stack 132p spans / covers approximately a 90° area between the stacks of two faces of the stack 132 assembly structure. For example, when the radiation shielding assembly comprises a generally rectangular or square structure, the corner stack 132p covers the entire 90° area between adjacent face stacks.

[0112] Figure 8 The top view of two stacks 1032, which are in the retracted position and have three radiation blocking tiles 1034 in each stack 1032, illustrates the serrated side edge profile 1048, such that the side edges 1048 of the adjacent tiles 1034 of the adjacent stacks 1032 at least partially overlap.

[0113] Figure 9 The top view of two stacks 1032, which are in the retracted position and have three radiation blocking tiles 1134 in each stack 1132, illustrates the S-shaped side edge profile 1148, such that the side edges 1148 of the adjacent tiles 1134 of the adjacent stacks 1132 at least partially overlap.

[0114] As noted above, it is necessary to shield or minimize the surrounding environment from scattered radiation during procedures associated with X-ray-based imaging systems to protect medical providers and technicians. For this purpose, the tiles described herein have the aforementioned references. Figures 1-9 The aforementioned structural features. These tiles can be referenced from the following... Figures 10-2 It is made of the composite material described in 0.

[0115] The tiles can be made of rigid but lightweight radiation-damping materials. Suitable materials may include composites comprising fabrics (e.g., carbon fibers), bonding materials (e.g., epoxy resins, resins), and one or more radiation-damping materials (e.g., tungsten). Other suitable materials may include composites comprising one or more polymers and one or more radiation-damping materials (e.g., tungsten).

[0116] Tile structures obtained from such composite materials can be used as referenced herein. Figures 1-9 The invention discloses shielding devices. However, the invention also considers other structures that could be useful in a variety of additional fields, such as aerospace applications requiring radiation attenuation, rigidity, and lightweight performance.

[0117] The tiles or other articles disclosed herein may be composed of a single-layer composite material containing one or more thermoplastic materials and one or more radiation-blocking materials.

[0118] Alternatively, or additionally, the tiles or other articles (e.g., laminated structures) may be composed of a layered structure comprising multiple layers of fibers (e.g., carbon fiber reinforced polymer layers; CFRP) and one or more layers of radiation-blocking material. For example, the radiation-blocking material may be supplied as a powder or a flexible film. Optionally, a resin may be included to fix the powder and / or harden the structure and / or adhesive layers. The structure may include an outer layer of carbon fibers and an intermediate layer or more layers of radiation-blocking material (“sandwich” structure). Alternatively, the tile structure / other articles may include an outer layer of carbon fibers and an intermediate layer or more layers of radiation-blocking material and any combination of carbon fibers.

[0119] Optionally, the carbon fibers are cut to the desired size and / or shape and / or hardened into the final form (e.g., by heating and / or by applying high pressure, and / or drying at room temperature).

[0120] Optionally, the composite material disclosed herein is formed by injecting a liquid or flexible raw material of a mixture of the radiation-damping material and polymer (e.g., thermoplastic material) disclosed herein into a mold and curing the mixture upon cooling to thereby obtain a rigid structure.

[0121] For example, the materials described herein can be used to form radiation shielding tiles of desired size and shape.

[0122] The most commonly used radiation attenuation materials are heavy metals with high density and atomic number. Therefore, incorporating these materials into radiation attenuation equipment naturally affects the weight of the resulting product.

[0123] Structures made from carbon fibers or thermoplastic materials incorporated into the polymer provide rigidity and tensile strength, while radiation-damping materials block or minimize radiation exposure.

[0124] The resulting product / tile can be advantageously relatively thin, having a thickness of about 0.3 mm or more, and optionally even less.

[0125] Various fiber / fabric types have been considered. For example, the fiber could be carbon fiber. Alternatively, the fiber could be glass fiber, aramid fiber, boron fiber, or any combination thereof.

[0126] The fiber can be in the form of a flexible sheet or a flexible fabric. The thickness of the fiber can vary; for example, the fiber can have a thickness of 0.05 mm or more. For example, 0.1 mm or more, or 0.125 mm or more.

[0127] Various thermoplastic materials are considered. Non-limiting examples include thermoplastic elastomers.

[0128] As used herein, the terms "radiation protection material," "radiation attenuation material," and their derivatives refer to materials capable of blocking, attenuating, or at least minimizing radiation exposure. In one or more embodiments, the term includes metals or metal alloys. Non-limiting examples of radiation attenuation materials include antimony; bismuth; iodine; tungsten; tin; tantalum; erbium; barium; lead; and any combination thereof. Optionally, the radiation attenuation material is provided as a powder. The powder may comprise particles with an average size of 0.1 mm or less (e.g., a few micrometers). Optionally, the radiation attenuation material is mixed with another material (such as a polymer) to form a radiation attenuation material-polymer composite (e.g., tungsten-polymer; lead-polymer; bismuth-polymer; barium-polymer; and any combination of polymer and radiation blocking material).

[0129] Optionally, the radiation-damping material is provided as a sheet or as a layer. Optionally, the sheet or layer includes additional materials, such as polymers or rubber. The sheet or layer may be flexible. The sheet or layer may or may not include additional materials.

[0130] As used herein, the term "bonding material" and its derivatives refer to materials that can be used as adhesives and contribute to the rigidity and strength of a structure when bonded to carbon fibers. Optionally, the bonding material is cured by heating, or under pressure, or by air drying. Optionally, the bonding material has glue / bonding-like properties, allowing layers to adhere at least partially to each other. The bonding material is optionally adhered to the fibers and optionally at least partially integrated with them. The bonding material can be a polymer, such as a thermoplastic material (e.g., polyamide). The bonding material can be a thermosetting resin. For example, thermosetting resins can include polyesters; epoxy resins; phenolic resins; vinyl esters; polyurethanes; silicones; polyamides; and polyamide-imides.

[0131] In one aspect of the invention, a composition is provided comprising a radiation-attenuating material and a binding material. The composition optionally comprises a binding material in liquid or semi-solid form and a radiation-attenuating material dispersed therein. The radiation-attenuating material may be dispersed, embedded, and / or distributed within the binding material. Optionally, the radiation-attenuating material is dispersed within the binding material as grains with a diameter of 0.1 mm or less.

[0132] In exemplary embodiments, the tile structures or articles disclosed herein are manufactured as non-layered structures; or, as multi-layered structures. Multiple layers of carbon cloth or carbon fabric, and / or radiation-damping materials, and / or bonding materials may be used. In exemplary embodiments, the tiles / articles are manufactured from at least two, at least three, at least four, at least five, or at least six layers.

[0133] As used herein, the term “multi-layered” is interchangeable with the terms “multiple layers” and “layered”, and refers to two or more layers.

[0134] In exemplary embodiments, the tile structures / articles disclosed herein are manufactured as layered or multi-layered fiber structures. Multiple carbon fibers may be used. In exemplary embodiments, the article is manufactured from at least two, at least three, at least four, at least five, or at least six carbon fiber layers. Optionally, one or two carbon fibers are used as outer layers. Such a configuration may be advantageous because the outer carbon fiber layers provide strength, rigidity, and / or structural design to the article.

[0135] In one or more embodiments, a bonding material is applied to the carbon fiber layer to allow for adhesive properties and optionally increase the strength of the carbon fiber.

[0136] Optionally, at least two carbon fiber layers are separated by a radiation attenuation material layer.

[0137] Radiation-damping materials can be disposed as layers (e.g., sheets) in the articles disclosed herein. Alternatively or additionally, radiation-damping materials can be mixed with bonding materials and incorporated into or applied to carbon fibers. Thus, the articles or structures are multilayered and comprise one or more carbon fiber layers, on which a substantially homogeneous composition of bonding materials and one or more radiation-damping materials is applied.

[0138] Non-limiting examples of layered or multilayered structures include two layers of carbon fibers with a radiation-damping material interlayer. Another example of a layered or multilayered structure includes four layers of carbon fibers with a radiation-damping material interlayer.

[0139] Another non-limiting example of a layered or multilayered structure includes bilayer carbon fibers incorporating a mixture of composite materials and radiation-damping materials.

[0140] Another non-limiting example of a non-layered structure includes one or more of thermoelastic materials and one or more radiation-damping materials, optionally in powder form.

[0141] Figure 10An exemplary layered carbon fiber composite material / structure 100 is illustrated, having first and second carbon fiber layers 101 on which a substantially uniform composition 102 is applied. Composition 102 includes a binding material 103 (e.g., epoxy resin), a first radiation-attenuating material 104, and a second radiation-attenuating material 105. The first radiation-attenuating material 104 and the second radiation-attenuating material 105 can be two different materials, or they can be the same material in different forms (e.g., powder and sheet), or they can be the same material in the same form. The first radiation-attenuating material 104 and the second radiation-attenuating material 105 can each be selected from tungsten, lead, bismuth, barium, antimony, and tantalum, or other radiation-attenuating materials. Composition 102 can be applied to one side, both sides, or all sides of each carbon fiber layer. The resulting product is multilayered and advantageously lightweight, substantially rigid, and capable of attenuating radiation.

[0142] Figure 11 Another exemplary structure or composite material 200 is schematically illustrated having a carbon fiber layer 201 incorporated on two elongated sides of a composition 202 comprising a bonding material (e.g., epoxy resin) and one or more radiation-damping materials.

[0143] Figure 12 Another composite material / structure 300 is schematically illustrated, which is similar to composite material 200 but has two carbon fiber layers 301, each carbon fiber layer 301 being surrounded on its two elongated sides by a composition 302 having a bonding material (e.g., epoxy resin) and one or more radiation attenuating materials.

[0144] Figure 13 Another exemplary layered composite material / structure 400 is schematically illustrated. Here, the first radiation attenuation layer 404 and the second radiation attenuation layer 405 are in sheet form and may optionally be metal foil or rubber sheet. Radiation attenuation layers 404 and 405 are applied such that two carbon fiber layers 401 surround each of the radiation attenuation layers. In total, structure 400 has five layers; three carbon fiber layers 401 and two radiation attenuation layers 404 and 405. Structure 400 is shown as comprising two distinct radiation attenuation layers 404 and 405, but similar structures in which the two radiation attenuation layers are identical are also considered herein. A bonding material (such as...) can be applied between each layer. Figure 10 A bonding material 103 (not shown) is used to promote strength and adhesion between layers. Optionally, the bonding material 103 may be applied to all sides of the carbon fiber layer 201 to harden or adhere the fibers using the bonding material.

[0145] Figures 14A to 14B Another exemplary composite material 500 is shown. Figure 14B) and tiles 534 made from this composite material ( Figure 14A The composite material 500 includes two outer carbon fiber layers 501 on either side of a radiation-attenuating material intermediate layer 502. A bonding material, such as resin (not shown), may be provided between the carbon fiber layers to promote strength and adhesion. Optionally, the bonding material may be applied to all sides of the carbon fiber layers 501. Optionally, the intermediate layer 502 comprises a radiation-attenuating material in the form of a metal foil or flexible sheet (e.g., a radiation-attenuating material plus rubber). The resulting multilayer article can provide radiation attenuation performance at least equivalent to a minimum of 0.1 mm Pb. The tile 534 is self-assembling. Figure 14B The layered structure depicted in the illustration. It should be noted that although tile 534 illustrates as shown... Figure 14B The layered structure shown, referring to tile 534, can be used to conceive of and incorporate alternative structures or composite materials as described herein and depicted in the accompanying drawings. Tile 534 can be a rigid, non-flat / bent structure used as a shielding element (tile) in a radiation shielding device to block radiation emitted from an X-ray imaging system (e.g., in...). Figure 2 (as shown in the figure). One or more grooves 550 of tile 534 are configured to receive linear track 542 and / or other bearing devices, etc. (not shown). Tile 534 is configured to retain one or more of sliding mechanisms, bearing devices, friction tracks, sensors and / or attach additional tiles via adhesive or by threads or other fastening means.

[0146] Figure 15 A multilayer composite material / structure 600 is shown, comprising eight carbon fiber sheets or layers 601 and a radiation-attenuating material interlayer 602, wherein the radiation-attenuating material interlayer 602 may be a metal foil, a flexible rubber sheet, or a mixture of radiation-attenuating powder and resin. Such as Figure 10 The bonding material 103 can be applied between each layer to promote strength and adhesion. Optionally, the bonding material can be applied to all sides of the carbon fiber layer 601 to bond the fibers. Optionally, a composition comprising a bonding material (e.g., epoxy resin) and one or more radiation-damping materials can be applied to one or more carbon fiber layers 601.

[0147] Figure 16 A composite material / structure 700 is shown, comprising four carbon fiber layers 701 and two radiation-attenuating layers therebetween: a layer 704 having a first radiation-attenuating material and a layer 705 having a second radiation-attenuating material. Such as Figure 10The bonding material 103 can be applied between each layer to promote strength and adhesion. Optionally, the bonding material can be applied to all sides of the carbon fiber layer 701 to bond the fibers. Optionally, a composition comprising a bonding material (e.g., epoxy resin) and one or more radiation-damping materials can be applied to one or more carbon fiber layers 701.

[0148] Figure 17 A multilayer composite material / structure 800 with a total of seven layers is shown. Four carbon fiber layers 801 are arranged such that two layers are separated by a triple intermediate layer substructure, which is formed by two layers of radiation-damping material 802 sandwiching the carbon fiber layer 801. Such as Figure 10 The bonding material 103 can be applied between each layer to promote strength and adhesion. Optionally, the bonding material can be applied to all sides of the carbon fiber layer 801 to bond the fibers. Optionally, a composition comprising a bonding material (e.g., epoxy resin) and one or more radiation-damping materials can be applied to one or more carbon fiber layers 801.

[0149] Figure 18 A multilayer composite material / structure 900 with a total of seven layers is shown. Four carbon fiber layers 901 are arranged such that two layers are separated by a triple interlayer comprising a first radiation-damping material layer 904, a second radiation-damping material layer 905, and an intermediate non-radiation-damping spacer layer 906. The spacer layer 906 can be made of foam (e.g., polyurethane foam) or any other non-radiation-damping material or non-carbon fiber material. The spacer layer 906 contributes to the strength and stiffness of the structure 900. For example... Figure 10 The bonding material 103 can be applied between each layer to promote strength and adhesion. Optionally, the bonding material can be applied to all sides of the carbon fiber layer 901 to bond the fibers. Optionally, a composition comprising a bonding material (e.g., epoxy resin) and one or more radiation-damping materials can be applied to one or more carbon fiber layers 901.

[0150] Figures 19A to 19B Another exemplary composite material 1000 is shown. Figure 19B ) and tiles 1034 made from this composite material ( Figure 19AThe three-layer composite material 1000 includes two carbon fiber layers 1001 sandwiching a radiation attenuating material layer 1002. A bonding material, such as resin (not shown), may be provided between the layers to promote strength and adhesion. Optionally, the bonding material may be applied to all sides of the carbon fiber layers 1001. Optionally, the intermediate layer 1002 comprises a radiation attenuating material in the form of a metal foil or flexible sheet (e.g., a radiation attenuating material plus rubber). The tile 1034 is a curved, non-flat structure used as a shielding element (tile) in a radiation shielding device to block radiation emitted from an X-ray imaging system (e.g., in...). Figure 2 (As shown in the figure). One or more grooves 1050 of the tile 1034 are configured to receive the linear track 1042 and / or other bearing devices, etc. (not shown).

[0151] Figures 20A to 20B The composite material / structure 1100 is shown. Figure 20B An exemplary single-layer tile structure 1134 manufactured by ) Figure 20A The composite material / structure 1100 includes a radiation-attenuating material 1102 mixed with a polymer (e.g., a thermoplastic elastomer) 1102. The resulting product is a single / monolayer, advantageously lightweight, substantially rigid, and non-transmissive material. The tile structure 1134 is a non-flat, curved structure including one or more grooves 1150 for receiving a sliding mechanism, which may include a linear track 1142. The tile structure 1134 is configured to retain one or more / attached tiles in the sliding mechanism / bearing device / sensor via adhesive, threads, or other fastening means.

[0152] It should be noted that any of the tiles in this article, such as Figures 1 to 7 The tiles shown in the middle are 134. Figure 8 The tiles shown in the middle are 1034. Figure 9 The tile 1134 presented herein can be incorporated into any of the materials disclosed herein, such as Figures 10-2 The composite material shown in Figure 0. As illustrated, the tiles of the present invention can be made of multiple layers. Alternatively, a single-layer tile is conceived. The tile can form part of a radiation shielding device (e.g., in...). Figure 2 (As shown in the image), for example, devices that can be integrated with or mounted on C-arm equipment. As described herein, the tiles require radiation shielding performance, but should be rigid, lightweight, and relatively thin.

[0153] Optionally, the tile may be made of any combination of layers, including: (a) a plurality of fiber layers (e.g., carbon fibers) incorporated with or bonded to a binding material (e.g., resin, epoxy resin) and one or more layers of radiation-attenuating material (e.g., foil of radiation-attenuating material and flexible membrane polymer having radiation-attenuating material) in the form of foil or film; (b) a plurality of fiber layers (e.g., carbon fibers) disposed / embedded within and / or bonded by the binding material (e.g., resin, epoxy resin) and attenuating material particles (e.g., in powder form); and (c) a polymer mixed with the radiation-attenuating material.

[0154] Optionally, the thickness of the obtained tile product is between about 0.1 mm and about 5 mm. For example, between about 0.5 mm and about 5 mm; between about 1 mm and about 5 mm; between about 1.5 mm and about 5 mm; between about 0.1 mm and about 4 mm; between about 0.1 mm and about 3.5 mm; between about 0.1 mm and about 3 mm; between about 0.1 mm and about 2.5 mm; between about 0.1 mm and about 2 mm; between about 0.1 mm and about 1.5 mm; between about 0.1 mm and about 1 mm, or any thickness therein.

[0155] Optionally, the density of the tiles is between about 2 g / cc and about 15 g / cc. For example, between about 2 g / cc and about 12 g / cc; between about 2 g / cc and about 10 g / cc; between about 2 g / cc and about 8 g / cc; between about 2 g / cc and about 6 g / cc; between about 2 g / cc and about 4 g / cc; between about 4 g / cc and about 15 g / cc; between about 6 g / cc and about 15 g / cc; between about 8 g / cc and about 15 g / cc; between about 10 g / cc and about 15 g / cc; or any density value in between.

[0156] Optionally, the tiles are non-flat or curved in shape, allowing relative movement between two or more tiles stacked parallel to each other. To enable dynamic tile movement, each tile may include one or more tracks / sliders / bearings. The tracks / sliders / bearings may be housed within one or more recesses (recesses) in the tile. For example, each tile may include two tracks, each housed within a dedicated recess. Optionally, each tile may include one track for every 10 cm of width (e.g., for a tile approximately 32 cm wide, three tracks may be incorporated into the corresponding tile recess).

[0157] Optionally, the tiles may be incorporated with a tile positioning mechanism to allow the tiles to move relative to each other, forming a longitudinal dynamic radiation attenuation barrier. Various sliding mechanisms can be conceived and applied. Non-limiting examples of sliding mechanisms include linear tracks, friction tracks, sliding mechanisms with linear bearings, sliding mechanisms with rollers, and sliding mechanisms with sliding guides.

[0158] Advantageously, the resulting tiles provide radiation attenuation properties and are rigid, allowing for stability and stiffness. Further advantageously, the resulting tiles are lightweight enough to be effectively dynamic and capable of sliding relative to each other when provided as elongated structures (such as sleeves that can retract and unfold to shield spaces). A further advantageous property is associated with the tile structure, which has minimal thickness while still exhibiting sufficient rigidity to achieve long-term stability, resist external forces, and allow for effective sliding performance.

[0159] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for preparing a rigid, lightweight radiation attenuation structure, the method comprising: providing one or more carbon fiber fabrics; applying a bonding material onto and / or between one or more layers; and applying or providing a radiation attenuation material onto and / or between one or more layers.

[0160] In one or more embodiments, the method includes the step of curing carbon fibers to produce a rigid radiation attenuation structure.

[0161] In one or more embodiments, the method includes the step of mixing a binding material and a radiation-degrading material to produce a substantially homogeneous mixture of liquid or semi-solid, the mixture comprising particles of the radiation-degrading material and the binding material.

[0162] In one or more embodiments, the method further includes applying a mixture layer onto one or more layers of carbon fibers.

[0163] In one or more embodiments, the radiation-attenuating material is in the form of a foil or film. In one or more embodiments, the radiation-attenuating material is in the form of a powder.

[0164] In view of the above, one aspect of the present invention relates to a radiation attenuation composite material according to the above disclosure.

[0165] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a substantially uniform radiation attenuation composition according to the above disclosure herein.

[0166] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a rigid tile structure having a composite material according to the above disclosure herein.

[0167] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a rigid non-flat structure having a composite material according to the above disclosure herein.

[0168] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a medical radiation shielding device comprising a rigid tile structure according to the above disclosure herein.

[0169] Each of the following terms, “comprising,” “including,” “having,” “containing,” and “implying,” and their linguistic equivalents, as used herein, means “including but not limited to,” and will be regarded as specifying the said component(s), feature(s), property(s), parameter(s), integer(s), or step(s), and does not exclude the addition of one or more additional components, features, properties, parameters, integers, steps, or groups thereof.

[0170] As used herein, the term "consistently of" means that the scope of the claims is limited to the specified elements and those that do not substantially affect the essential and novel characteristics of (one or more) the claimed equipment and material.

[0171] As used in this article, each of the phrases “composed of” and “consisting of” means “including but not limited to”.

[0172] As used herein, the term "method" means steps, procedures, manners, means and / or techniques for accomplishing a given task, including but not limited to those steps, procedures, manners, means and / or techniques known to a person skilled in the art of the relevant field of the disclosed invention, or readily developed from known steps, procedures, manners, means and / or techniques.

[0173] In this disclosure, numerical values ​​of parameters, features, characteristics, objects, or dimensions may be stated or described in a numerical format. As used herein, such numerical range formats illustrate implementations of some exemplary embodiments of the invention and do not necessarily limit the scope of these exemplary embodiments. Therefore, a stated or described numerical range also refers to, and includes, all possible subranges within that stated or described numerical range and individual numerical values ​​(wherein the numerical value may be expressed as an integer or a fraction). For example, a stated or described numerical range “from 1 to 6” also refers to, and includes, all possible subranges within the stated or described numerical range “from 1 to 6,” such as “from 1 to 3,” “from 1 to 4,” “from 1 to 5,” “from 2 to 4,” “from 2 to 6,” “from 3 to 6,” etc., and individual numerical values ​​such as “1,” “1.3,” “2,” “2.8,” “3,” “3.5,” “4,” “4.6,” “5,” “5.2,” and “6.” This applies to the stated or described numerical range regardless of the width, degree, or size of the numerical value.

[0174] Furthermore, when stating or describing a range of values, the phrase "between approximately the first value and approximately the second value" is considered equivalent to and means "equivalent to" the phrase "between approximately the first value and approximately the second value." Therefore, these two equivalent phrases can be used interchangeably.

[0175] In some embodiments, the term "about" refers to ±30% of the value. In a further embodiment, the term refers to ±20% of the value. In yet another further embodiment, the term refers to ±10% of the value.

[0176] It should be fully understood that certain aspects, features, and characteristics of the present invention, which are described and presented illustratively in the context or format of multiple individual embodiments for clarity, can also be described and presented illustratively in the context or format of a single embodiment in any suitable combination or sub-combination. Conversely, various aspects, features, and characteristics of the present invention, which are described and presented illustratively in the context or format of a single embodiment in any suitable combination or sub-combination, can also be described and presented illustratively in the context or format of multiple individual embodiments.

[0177] Although the invention has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many alternatives, modifications, and variations will be readily understood. Therefore, it is intended to include all such alternatives, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims.

[0178] All publications, patents, and patent applications mentioned in this specification are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety as if each individual publication, patent, or patent application were specifically and individually incorporated by reference. Furthermore, any reference or acknowledgment of any reference in this application should not be construed as acceptance of such reference as prior art to the invention. The use of partial headings should not be construed as necessarily limiting.

Claims

1. A radiation shielding device, comprising: Multiple positionable radiation shielding tiles are stacked, wherein the multiple positionable radiation shielding tiles are arranged adjacently in a continuous stacking configuration order; as well as A tile positioning mechanism is configured to allow the tiles within a stack to move between a stacked or retracted position and an extended position, wherein in both the retracted and extended positions, the tiles in each of the plurality of positionable radiation-shielding tile stacks at least partially overlap with tiles in sequentially adjacent tile stacks at their corresponding opposite and adjacent side edges. The tile positioning mechanism includes a track and a sliding element, the track and sliding element being configured to allow the sliding element of one tile to slide along the length of the track of an adjacent tile within the stack, wherein the outer surface of the tile is connected to the inner surface of the adjacent tile by either a sliding element of the outer surface of the tile sliding on the track of the inner surface of the adjacent tile, or a sliding element of the outer surface of the tile sliding on the track of the inner surface of the adjacent tile, and... The track and sliding element of the tile are configured to be offset from the track and sliding element of the adjacent tile.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the tile and its corresponding opposite side edges are non-flat.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the corresponding opposite side edges of the non-flat surfaces have a serrated or V-shaped profile.

4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the corresponding opposite side edges of the non-flat surfaces have a wavy or S-shaped profile.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the tile stacks form a structure having two or more faces, each face comprising at least one tile stack; and corner tile stacks connect their two adjacent faces.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the corner tiles stack covers an area at least about 90° between two adjacent faces.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the tracks and sliding elements within the stack are arranged in a nested structure to provide a compact structure for the tiles in the stack.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the tiles within the stack include grooves for receiving tracks for the tiles and corresponding sliding elements for sequentially adjacent tiles.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the grooves of the stacked, stacked adjacent tiles are arranged such that the groove of one tile is correspondingly disposed with respect to the grooves of its sequentially adjacent tiles, thereby providing a compact structure of the stacked tiles.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each tile includes a first side edge having a concave or V-shaped profile and an opposing second side edge having a convex or inverted V-shaped profile, and the tiles in sequentially adjacent tile stacks are arranged such that the concave or V-shaped profile of the tile in one stack overlaps with the convex or inverted V-shaped profile of the tile in the sequentially adjacent tile stacks.

11. The device of claim 1, wherein the tile is made of a composite material comprising at least one carbon fiber layer, a bonding material and at least one radiation attenuation material.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the bonding material comprises a thermosetting resin, a polyester, a vinyl ester, a polyamide, or a combination thereof.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the thermosetting resin comprises an epoxy resin.

14. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the radiation attenuation material comprises a metal selected from tungsten; lead; bismuth; antimony; barium; tantalum or combinations thereof.

15. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the composite material further comprises a material selected from aramid; aluminum; ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene; glass fiber; and combinations thereof.

16. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the composite material comprises a plurality of carbon fiber layers; and a mixture of bonding material and radiation attenuation material particles.

17. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the radiation attenuation material comprises a foil or film structure.

18. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the radiation attenuation material comprises a powder mixed within the bonding material, and wherein the mixed powder is applied to at least one of the carbon fiber layers.

19. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the tile is made of a thermoplastic material mixed with a radiation-attenuating material.

Images