Honeycomb separation column for separating boron isotopes by low-temperature boron trifluoride and separation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a honeycomb separation column for separating boron isotopes from boron trifluoride at low temperature and a separation method thereof. The honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation column is longitudinally connected by a plurality of pipe sections, and a gas-phase buffer space is arranged between adjacent pipe sections. A plurality of honeycomb tubes are longitudinally installed in each pipe section, and each honeycomb tube is filled with θ-ring packing. The technical problem that the separation column in the prior art of separating boron isotopes by low-temperature boron trifluoride rectification is too high and the engineering investment is large is solved. The present invention uses low-temperature boron trifluoride rectification to separate isotopes in a single-column operation, and the control is relatively simple. For the above reasons, the separation device of the present invention can achieve ultra-long cycle and ultra-stable operation. This process fully meets the basic requirements of isotope separation. With the progress of low-temperature refrigeration technology, the process of separating boron isotopes by low-temperature rectification of boron trifluoride is expected to replace the chemical exchange rectification process of boron trifluoride anisole complex and become an industrial production device for separating boron isotopes in the future.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a honeycomb separation column for separating boron isotopes from boron trifluoride at low temperature and a separation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of devices for separating boron isotopes. Background Art

[0002] Boron has 5 protons. Natural boron has two stable isotopes. The isotope with 5 neutrons is called boron-10 isotope (abbreviated as boron-10), and the isotope with 6 neutrons is called boron-11 isotope (abbreviated as boron-11). The abundance of boron-10 isotope in natural boron is 19.78%, and the abundance of boron-11 isotope is 80.22%. The main reason for the rapid development of boron isotope separation lies in the huge difference in the thermal neutron absorption cross-sections of boron isotopes: the thermal neutron absorption cross-section of boron-10 is 3837 barns, while that of boron-11 is only 0.005 barns. The thermal neutron absorption cross-section of natural abundance boron is close to 750 barns. Therefore, the thermal neutron absorption cross-section of boron-10 is more than 5 times that of natural abundance boron. This property is applied in fields such as control materials for the stable operation of nuclear power reactors, radiation shielding materials for nuclear reactors, packaging materials for the storage and transportation of hazardous waste, radiation protection for weapons and equipment, and targeted therapy for cancer. Moreover, high-purity and high-abundance boron-11 can also be used in chip production.

[0003] At present, there are four boron isotope separation production processes (there are other methods in the laboratory): chemical exchange rectification of boron trifluoride ethyl ether complex, chemical exchange rectification of boron trifluoride methyl ether complex, chemical exchange rectification of boron trifluoride anisole complex at normal pressure and normal temperature, and low-temperature rectification of boron trifluoride. At present, the chemical exchange rectification processes of boron trifluoride ethyl ether complex and boron trifluoride methyl ether complex have been phased out. Isotope separation has extremely high requirements for equipment and even higher requirements for control stability and reliability. The boron isotope separation of boron trifluoride anisole complex requires five towers to operate continuously. It is already difficult to operate a single tower for boron isotope separation, and at the same time, the five towers need to be coordinated consistently, making the whole process even more difficult. This process is being replaced by the technology of separating boron isotopes by low-temperature rectification of boron trifluoride.

[0004] For the separation of boron isotopes by low-temperature rectification of boron trifluoride, the relative volatility of the two isotopes, boron-10 trifluoride and boron-11 trifluoride, is 1.006, which is very small. To separate boron-10 trifluoride and boron-11 trifluoride by rectification, the theoretical number of plates of the rectification column is as many as thousands, and the height of the constructed separation column is more than 200 meters. The equipment occupies a large area, the project investment is huge, and the production cost is high.

[0005] Calculation of the theoretical number of plates and the height of the rectification column for the separation of boron isotopes by low-temperature rectification of boron trifluoride:

[0006] The boron-10 abundance of the product after enrichment is above 98%, which is the concentration XD of the light components at the top of the column; the boron-10 abundance in the by-product is below 6%, which is the concentration XW of the light components at the bottom of the column.

[0007] The minimum number of theoretical plates N of the total reflux distillation column = Lg{XD / [1 - XD]*[1 - XW] / XW} / lgα + 1

[0008] N = 995 (plates)

[0009] The expected number of theoretical plates for continuous feeding process is 1200 plates.

[0010] The actual number of working plates of the distillation column in the engineering needs 1500 plates.

[0011] Determination of the height of a conventional industrial column:

[0012] Considering the current industrial high-efficiency regular wire mesh CY700 (7 theoretical plates per meter), the height of the packing of the separation column required is 1500 / 7 = 214 meters. Considering the height occupied by the inter-column distributors and the heights at the top and bottom of the column, the total height of the whole column should be at least 214 * 1.3 = 278 meters or more. The production scale of isotope separation is relatively small, and a column diameter of 500 - 800 mm belongs to a large-diameter column. For such a tall small-diameter column, the investment in engineering civil construction is huge. Even so, it is very difficult to ensure that the swing of the column is within a reasonable range. If the swing of the column cannot be well controlled, the separation efficiency of the distillation column will be greatly reduced.

[0013] One of the main problems of the low-temperature boron trifluoride distillation process for separating boron isotopes is that the separation column is too tall and the engineering investment is large. How to reduce the height of the separation column has become the key to the industrialization of this process. Summary of the Invention

[0014] In order to solve the technical problems of the existing low-temperature boron trifluoride distillation process for separating boron isotopes in the above-mentioned background technology, namely that the separation column is too tall and the engineering investment is large, the present invention provides a honeycomb separation column for separating boron isotopes from low-temperature boron trifluoride and its separation method.

[0015] The present invention provides a honeycomb separation tower for separating boron isotopes from boron trifluoride at low temperature, which includes a honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation tower, a top condenser, a bottom reboiler, a low-temperature refrigeration device, an automatic control feeding system, an automatic control system for by-product extraction, and an automatic control system for product extraction. The top of the honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation tower is equipped with a top condenser, and the top condenser is connected to the low-temperature refrigeration device. The bottom of the honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation tower is connected to a bottom reboiler. An automatic control feeding system is installed in the middle of the honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation tower. The upper part of the honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation tower is connected to the automatic control system for by-product extraction, and the lower part is connected to the automatic control system for product extraction. The honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation tower is longitudinally connected by several pipe sections, and a gas-phase buffer space is arranged between adjacent pipe sections. Each pipe section is longitudinally installed with several honeycomb tubes, and each honeycomb tube is filled with θ-ring packing.

[0016] Preferably, a liquid distributor is installed at the top of each pipe section. The liquid flowing down from the previous pipe section passes through the liquid distributor, and the liquid is evenly distributed into each honeycomb tube. Each honeycomb tube obtains a stable and equal flow rate of liquid, and the liquid is evenly distributed on the θ-ring packing and flows downward stably.

[0017] Preferably, the gas rising from the next tower section is buffered in the gas-phase buffer space and then enters each honeycomb tube with a uniform flow rate. The gas flows upward evenly and stably through the θ-ring packing. In this way, the gas and liquid are evenly distributed in each honeycomb tube and fully and evenly exchanged, and the separation effect in each honeycomb tube is the same.

[0018] Preferably, the cross-section of each honeycomb tube is polygonal or circular.

[0019] Preferably, the cross-section of each honeycomb tube is hexagonal.

[0020] Preferably, the ratio of the nominal diameter of the θ-ring packing to the nominal diameter of the honeycomb tube is 1:5 to 1:50.

[0021] Preferably, the height of each pipe section and the gas-phase buffer space is 1m - 4m.

[0022] Preferably, the height of each pipe section and the gas-phase buffer space is 2m.

[0023] Preferably, the honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation tower is longitudinally connected by 15 pipe sections.

[0024] A separation method for a honeycomb separation tower for separating boron isotopes from boron trifluoride at low temperature specifically includes the following steps:

[0025] (1) First, start the low-temperature refrigeration device to provide cooling capacity to the top condenser; through the automatic control feeding system 5, feed natural abundance boron trifluoride gas into the middle and lower part of the honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation tower. The gas rises in the honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation tower composed of multiple sections to the top condenser, where the boron trifluoride gas is precooled and condensed into a liquid. The liquid flows down the tower to the bottom reboiler, and the tube side of the bottom reboiler is filled with boron trifluoride liquid to the specified liquid level, then stop feeding.

[0026] (2) Start heating the bottom reboiler, and the boron trifluoride gas vaporizes. The boron trifluoride gas rises in the tower and undergoes gas-liquid exchange with the descending boron trifluoride liquid, and the separation of boron isotopes starts here. Boron-10 boron trifluoride gradually enriches to the bottom of the tower and finally reaches the required abundance.

[0027] (3) When the abundance of boron-10 in the bottom of the tower enriches to the required level, turn on the automatic control system for product extraction, and store the qualified boron-10 boron trifluoride gas in the product storage system; while extracting boron-10 boron trifluoride, start the automatic control feeding system to feed the honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation tower at the required flow rate, and at the same time extract by-product boron trifluoride gas through the automatic control by-product extraction automatic control system at the required flow rate.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the honeycomb separation tower and its separation method for separating boron isotopes by low-temperature boron trifluoride of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] (1) The boron isotope separation process by low-temperature rectification of boron trifluoride adopted in the present invention has a single separated material and is an atmospheric pressure operation. For production devices of the same scale, the production capacity is more than ten times larger than other processes.

[0030] (2) The low-temperature process adopted in the present invention does not corrode the equipment with boron trifluoride itself, and boron trifluoride itself does not decompose during the separation process.

[0031] (3) The low-temperature boron trifluoride rectification separation of isotopes adopted in the present invention is a single-tower operation, and the control is relatively simple. For the above reasons, the separation device of the present invention can achieve ultra-long cycle and ultra-stable operation, and this process fully meets the basic requirements of isotope separation. With the progress of low-temperature refrigeration technology, the boron isotope separation process by low-temperature rectification of boron trifluoride is expected to replace the chemical exchange rectification process of boron trifluoride anisole complex and become the future industrial production device for boron isotope separation.

[0032] (4) According to the actual number of working plates of the distillation column in the project, which is 1500, and for the 2mm random packing θ-ring, the number of theoretical plates is 40 - 60 plates per meter. Considering the minimum value of 40 plates per meter, the height of the packing required for the separation column is 1500 / 40 = 37.5 meters. Considering the height occupied by the inter-column distributors and the heights at the top and bottom of the column, the total height of the entire column should be at least 37.5 * 1.4 = 52.5 meters. Compared with the 278-meter height of the ordinary high-efficiency structured packing, it is reduced by 225.5 meters, less than 20% of its height. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The drawings forming a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention.

[0034] In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a traditional boron isotope separation column;

[0036] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a honeycomb separation column for separating boron isotopes from low-temperature boron trifluoride and a separation method thereof according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 is a partial enlarged view of a section of the honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation column according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 is a top view of a section of the honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation column according to the present invention;

[0039] Among them, 1 - honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation column, 2 - top condenser, 3 - bottom reboiler, 4 - low-temperature refrigeration device, 5 - automatic control feeding system, 6 - automatic control system for by-product extraction, 7 - automatic control system for product extraction, 8 - gas-phase buffer space, 9 - liquid distributor, 10 - honeycomb tube, 11 - θ-ring packing, 12 - tower wall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0040] The following further describes in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings:

[0041] Specific Embodiment 1: Refer to Figure 2-4Describe this embodiment. The honeycomb separation column for separating boron isotopes at low temperature in this embodiment includes a honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation column 1, a top condenser 2, a bottom reboiler 3, a low-temperature refrigeration device 4, an automatic control feeding system 5, an automatic control system 6 for by-product extraction, and an automatic control system 7 for product extraction. The top of the honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation column 1 is equipped with a top condenser 2, and the top condenser 2 is connected to the low-temperature refrigeration device 4. The bottom of the honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation column 1 is connected to a bottom reboiler 3. An automatic control feeding system 5 is installed in the middle of the honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation column 1. The upper part of the honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation column 1 is connected to the automatic control system 6 for by-product extraction, and the lower part is connected to the automatic control system 7 for product extraction. The honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation column 1 is longitudinally connected by a number of pipe sections, and a gas-phase buffer space 8 is provided between adjacent pipe sections. A number of honeycomb tubes 10 are longitudinally installed in each pipe section, and each honeycomb tube 10 is filled with θ-ring packing 11.

[0042] The cross-section of each honeycomb tube 10 is preferably designed as a hexagon.

[0043] From Figure 4 It can be seen that a large number of honeycomb tubes 10 are evenly installed inside the tower wall 12 of the tower section. The honeycomb tubes 10 are filled with θ-ring packing 11, and the ratio of the nominal diameter of each honeycomb tube to the nominal diameter of the θ-ring packing 11 is within the most reasonable range (1:20) to ensure the high efficiency of the packing.

[0044] The honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation column 1 is segmented, and the overall height of each pipe section and the gas-phase buffer space 8 is 1m - 4m, preferably 2m. The honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation column is longitudinally connected by a number of pipe sections.

[0045] The ratio of the nominal diameter of the θ-ring packing 11 to the nominal diameter of the honeycomb tube 10 is 1:5 - 1:50, and 1:20 is the ideal ratio. In actual applications, the maximum ratio can reach 1:50. If the ratio is larger, the efficiency will drop sharply and it will not play an efficient role.

[0046] Characteristics of small-diameter high-efficiency dumped packing:

[0047] Small-diameter high-efficiency random packing, where the packing is θ-ring (also known as Dickens) packing (the functions of other types of random packing are similar and will not be elaborated). When the nominal diameter is 2 mm, the number of theoretical plates is 40 - 60 plates / meter. Using high-efficiency random packing as the separation packing in a distillation column, to achieve high efficiency, there should be a reasonable ratio relationship between the nominal diameter of the packing and the column diameter of the distillation column. Beyond a certain range, the high separation effect will be greatly reduced and the effect will decline. Generally, a ratio of 1:20 is the most ideal, that is, the packing diameter is 1 mm and the column diameter is 20 mm. Within this range, the liquid flowing down in the column is not likely to produce wall flow phenomenon, and the rising gas is not likely to produce confluence in the column. The liquid flowing down in the column and the gas rising in the column can carry out sufficient gas-liquid exchange on the surface of the random packing, realizing the efficient separation of light and heavy components in the distillation column.

[0048] According to the current processing level of θ-ring packing, the minimum processing size is 2 mm. To give full play to the role of high-efficiency random packing, the column diameter is preferably controlled below 40 mm.

[0049] Calculation of the height of the separation column with small-diameter high-efficiency random packing:

[0050] The number of working plates in the actual engineering distillation column is 1500.

[0051] The number of theoretical plates of 2-mm random θ-ring packing is 40 - 60 plates / meter. For safety, considering the minimum of 40 plates / meter, the height of the packing in the separation column required is 1500 / 40 = 37.5 meters. Considering the height occupied by the inter-column distributor and the heights at the top and bottom of the column, the total height of the whole column should be at least 37.5 * 1.4 = 52.5 meters, which is 225.5 meters less than that of using ordinary high-efficiency structured packing (278 meters). The separation column built with small-diameter random packing is less than 20% of the height of the separation column built with conventional high-efficiency structured packing. The separation column built with small-diameter random packing has an obvious advantage in terms of column height.

[0052] Disadvantages of small-diameter high-efficiency random packing column:

[0053] Small-diameter (generally less than 5 mm) high-efficiency random packing has strong separation ability and can greatly reduce the height of the separation column. However, since the ratio between the packing diameter and the column diameter of the built separation column should be within a reasonable range (generally 1:20), this limits the expansion of the column diameter. With a small column diameter, the production capacity of a single column is limited, and the production scale cannot be expanded, so it cannot be used for actual industrial production. To achieve large-scale production, many small-diameter high-efficiency random packing columns need to be built repeatedly. Building a large-scale isotope separation column with the same specifications, the same control parameters, and extremely strict control requirements is extremely costly, and the operation and control are extremely difficult, which is extremely unrealistic.

[0054] When using high-efficiency random packing as the separating packing in a distillation column, to achieve high efficiency, the nominal diameter of the packing and the column diameter of the distillation column should be within a reasonable ratio range. Beyond a certain range, the high separation effect will be greatly reduced and the effect will decline. Generally, the best efficiency is achieved at a ratio of 1:20, that is, for the θ-ring packing No. 12 with a diameter of 1 mm, the column diameter is 20 mm. According to the current processing level of the θ-ring packing No. 12, the minimum processing size is 2 mm. To give full play to the role of the high-efficiency random packing, the column diameter is preferably controlled below 40 mm, which limits the diameter of the separation column. A small separation column diameter results in limited production capacity and cannot be used for actual industrial production.

[0055] Advantages of the honeycomb separation column for separating boron isotopes from boron trifluoride at low temperature according to the present invention:

[0056] When the column diameter is below 40 mm, the production capacity will be seriously affected. The present invention arranges a large number of small-diameter columns (honeycomb tubes 10) below 40 mm longitudinally in a large-diameter column to meet the needs of large-scale production, that is, to give full play to the high efficiency of the θ-ring random packing in small-diameter columns, and at the same time overcome the disadvantage of the small production capacity of small-diameter columns, meeting the needs of industrial large-scale production. Therefore, the present invention combines a large number of small-diameter honeycomb tubes 10 to complete industrial production scale.

[0057] The separation method of the honeycomb separation column for separating boron isotopes from boron trifluoride at low temperature according to the present invention is as follows:

[0058] (1) First, start the low-temperature refrigeration device 4 to provide cold energy to the top condenser 2; through the automatic control feeding system 5, feed natural abundance boron trifluoride gas into the middle and lower part of the honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation column 1. The gas rises in the honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation column 1 composed of multiple sections to the top condenser 2, and the boron trifluoride gas is precooled and condensed into a liquid. The liquid flows down the column to the bottom reboiler 3, and fills the tube side of the bottom reboiler 3 with boron trifluoride liquid to the specified liquid level, and then stop feeding.

[0059] (2) Start heating the bottom reboiler 3, the boron trifluoride gas vaporizes, and the boron trifluoride gas rises in the column, and performs gas-liquid exchange with the descending boron trifluoride liquid. The boron trifluoride isotopes start to separate, and boron-10 boron trifluoride gradually enriches to the bottom of the column, and finally reaches the required abundance or more than 96%. The enrichment process from natural abundance to the abundance required by people is called the rectification equilibrium process.

[0060] (3) When the abundance of boron-10 in the bottom of the column is enriched to the required level, start the product extraction automatic control system 7 to store the qualified boron-10 boron trifluoride gas in the product storage system; when extracting boron-10 boron trifluoride, start the automatic control feeding system 5 to feed the honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation column 1 at the required flow rate, and at the same time extract by-product boron trifluoride gas at the required flow rate through the automatic control by-product extraction automatic control system 6.

[0061] Description of the separation process of the first tower section of the high-efficiency honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation tower 1:

[0062] The liquid flowing down from the previous tower section passes through the liquid distributor 9, which evenly distributes the liquid into each honeycomb tube 10. Each honeycomb tube 10 obtains a stable and equal flow rate of liquid, and the liquid is evenly distributed on the θ-ring packing 11 and flows downward stably. The gas rising from the next tower section is buffered in the gas-phase buffer space 8 and then enters each honeycomb tube 10 with a uniform flow rate. The gas flows upward evenly and stably through the θ-ring packing 11. In this way, the gas and liquid are evenly distributed in each honeycomb tube 10 and undergo sufficient and uniform exchange, and the separation effect in each honeycomb tube 10 is exactly the same. Since the ratio of the nominal diameter of each honeycomb tube 10 to the nominal diameter of the θ-ring packing 11 is within the most reasonable range, this ensures the high-efficiency performance of the randomly packed packing in each honeycomb, and ultimately enables the boron trifluoride to achieve the desired high-efficiency isotope separation in this tower section.

[0063] The first tower section of the honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation tower 1 is composed of numerous honeycomb tubes 10. Each honeycomb tube 10 conducts high-efficiency separation. Although the separation capacity of each honeycomb tube 10 is limited, the sum of the separation capacities of numerous honeycomb tubes 10 will increase. In this way, according to the needs of large-scale production, separation towers with different numbers of honeycomb tubes 10 can be constructed to meet the needs of industrial-scale production.

[0064] The honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation tower 1 is composed of multiple tower sections combined. Each section achieves high-efficiency separation, so the overall tower is also a high-efficiency separation tower. When separating products with the same abundance, the overall tower height is reduced. Using the honeycomb tower to separate boron isotopes overcomes the problem of the high tower height of the low-temperature boron trifluoride boron isotope separation tower.

[0065] The above specific embodiments have further elaborated on the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. It can also be a reasonable combination of the features described in the above various embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A honeycomb separation column for separating boron isotopes by low-temperature boron trifluoride, characterized in that, it includes a honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation column (1), a top condenser (2), a bottom reboiler (3), a low-temperature refrigeration device (4), an automatic control feeding system (5), a by-product extraction automatic control system (6) and a product extraction automatic control system (7). The top of the honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation column (1) is equipped with a top condenser (2), and the top condenser (2) is connected to the low-temperature refrigeration device (4). The bottom of the honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation column (1) is connected to a bottom reboiler (3). The middle of the honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation column (1) is equipped with an automatic control feeding system (5). The upper part of the honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation column (1) is connected to a by-product extraction automatic control system (6), and the lower part is connected to a product extraction automatic control system (7). The honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation column (1) is longitudinally connected by a number of pipe sections, and a gas-phase buffer space (8) is provided between adjacent pipe sections. A number of honeycomb tubes (10) are longitudinally installed in each pipe section, and each honeycomb tube (10) is filled with θ-ring packing (11); A liquid distributor (9) is installed at the top of each pipe section. The liquid flowing down from the previous pipe section passes through the liquid distributor (9) to evenly distribute the liquid into each honeycomb tube (10). Each honeycomb tube (10) obtains a stable and equal flow rate of liquid, and the liquid is evenly distributed on the θ-ring packing (11) and flows downward stably; The gas rising from the next tower section is buffered in the gas-phase buffer space (8) and then enters each honeycomb tube (10) with a uniform flow rate. The gas flows upward evenly and stably through the θ-ring packing (11). In this way, the gas and liquid are evenly distributed in each honeycomb tube (10) and fully and evenly exchanged, and the separation effect in each honeycomb tube (10) is the same; The ratio of the nominal diameter of the θ-ring packing (11) to the nominal diameter of the honeycomb tube (10) is 1:5 to 1:

50.

2. The honeycomb separation column for separating boron isotopes by low-temperature boron trifluoride according to claim 1, characterized in that, the cross-section of each honeycomb tube (10) is polygonal or circular.

3. The honeycomb separation column for separating boron isotopes by low-temperature boron trifluoride according to claim 2, characterized in that, the cross-section of each honeycomb tube (10) is hexagonal.

4. The honeycomb separation column for separating boron isotopes by low-temperature boron trifluoride according to claim 1, characterized in that, the height of each pipe section and the gas-phase buffer space (8) is 1 m - 4 m.

5. The honeycomb separation column for separating boron isotopes by low-temperature boron trifluoride according to claim 4, characterized in that, the height of each pipe section and the gas-phase buffer space (8) is 2 m.

6. The honeycomb separation column for separating boron isotopes by low-temperature boron trifluoride according to claim 1, characterized in that, the honeycomb low-temperature boron isotope separation column (1) is longitudinally connected by 15 pipe sections.

7. A separation method using the honeycomb separation column for separating boron isotopes by low-temperature boron trifluoride according to any one of claims 1 - 6, characterized in that, it specifically includes the following steps: (1) First, start the cryogenic refrigeration device (4) to provide cooling capacity to the top condenser (2); through the automatic control feeding system (5), feed natural abundance boron trifluoride gas into the middle and lower part of the honeycomb cryogenic boron isotope separation column (1). The gas rises in the honeycomb cryogenic boron isotope separation column (1) composed of multiple sections to the top condenser (2). The boron trifluoride gas is precooled and condensed into a liquid, and the liquid flows down the column to the bottom reboiler (3), and fill the tube side of the bottom reboiler (3) with boron trifluoride liquid to the specified liquid level, then stop feeding. (2) Start heating the bottom reboiler (3), the boron trifluoride gas vaporizes, and the boron trifluoride gas rises up the column, and performs gas-liquid exchange with the descending boron trifluoride liquid. The boron isotope separation thus begins, and boron-10 boron trifluoride gradually enriches to the bottom of the column until the required abundance is finally achieved. (3) When the abundance of boron-10 in the bottom of the column is enriched to the required level, turn on the automatic control product extraction system (7) to store the qualified boron-10 boron trifluoride gas in the product storage system; while extracting boron-10 boron trifluoride, start the automatic control feeding system (5) to feed the honeycomb cryogenic boron isotope separation column (1) at the required flow rate, and at the same time, extract the by-product boron trifluoride gas through the automatic control by-product extraction automatic control system (6) at the required flow rate.

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