A seismic prestressed anchor rod with real-time pre-tightening / warning

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering protection technology, and in particular to a seismic prestressed anchor rod with real-time pre-tightening / warning. A seismic prestressed anchor rod with real-time pre-tightening / warning, comprising: a pull rod, a sleeve, a pressure plate and a traction line. The pull rod is axially provided with a cavity of a "U"-shaped structure corresponding to the traction line, and the traction line passes through the cavity of the "U"-shaped structure and the sleeve in sequence, and the outer end is fixedly connected to form a ring; the pressure plate is slidably connected to the pull rod; the sleeve is fixedly connected to the pressure plate through a driving member; the pressure plate drives the sleeve to move axially; the lower end of the anchor rod penetrates into the bedrock. The present invention can resist the destructive effects of earthquakes to a certain extent, and in the case of prestress relaxation after the vibration, the anchor rod can achieve the pre-tightening effect before the earthquake by tightening the traction line and tightening the sleeve; it can also timely warn whether the anchor rod fails by detecting the strength of the extended traction line, thereby analyzing the stability of the anchor slope.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering protection, and in particular to a real-time pre-tightening / warning earthquake-resistant prestressed anchor rod. Background Art

[0002] In the field of geotechnical engineering, anchor rods are one of the most effective forms of support and are widely used in engineering fields such as slopes and tunnels. Prestressed anchor rods are a type of anchor rod structure, which achieves support effects by anchoring dangerous rock masses or sliding bodies on the bedrock. During the support process, a prestress needs to be applied to maintain the balance of the dangerous rock mass or sliding body. When subjected to external forces, the sliding body is tightly pulled on the bedrock through the combined action of the anchor rod-mortar interface force and the anchor head.

[0003] In the engineering field, anchor structures are subject to a variety of forces, some of which are relatively small dynamic forces. These small dynamic forces can be resisted and maintained stable by the anchoring force of the anchor rod itself. However, since many projects are located in seismic zones where earthquakes occur frequently, the anchor structure is subject to large seismic dynamic forces. When subjected to a strong earthquake, the anchor rod structure will first resist, and then the anchor rod-mortar interface at the anchor end will gradually debond and finally be completely destroyed. At the same time, because the inside of the anchor rod is unobservable, it is impossible to predict whether the anchor rod will fail or whether it still plays an anchoring effect. Therefore, measures need to be taken to resist and dissipate seismic effects on the one hand, and reflect the internal anchoring effect to the external anchor head on the other hand, so as to analyze the stability of the slope. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a real-time pre-tightening / warning earthquake-resistant prestressed anchor rod.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0006] The present invention provides a real-time pre-tightening / warning earthquake-resistant prestressed anchor rod, comprising:

[0007] Pull rod, sleeve, pressure plate and at least two pulling lines;

[0008] The pull rod is provided with a cavity of a "U"-shaped structure corresponding to the traction line, the cavity is arranged along the axial direction of the pull rod, a plurality of the cavities are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the pull rod, and the central axes of the plurality of the cavities are located on the same horizontal line, the traction line is arranged in the corresponding cavity, and its two ends extend out of the cavity;

[0009] The pressure bearing plate is sleeved outside the pull rod and is slidably connected to the outer wall of the pull rod;

[0010] The sleeve is slidably installed on the upper end of the pull rod, and a fixing part is provided on the top of the sleeve. Both ends of the traction line pass through the sleeve and the fixing part in sequence and are slidably connected with the fixing part. The fixing part is used to fix the traction line. The sleeve is fixedly connected to the pressure plate through a driving part. Under the action of external force, the pressure plate drives the driving part to drive the sleeve to move axially along the pull rod.

[0011] Furthermore, a drill bit with a hemispherical or conical structure is coaxially provided at the bottom of the pull rod.

[0012] Furthermore, a receiving cavity is coaxially provided at the upper end of the pull rod.

[0013] Furthermore, the driving member is a spring, and the spring is sleeved on the upper part of the pull rod, and two ends of the spring are fixedly connected to the pressure plate and the sleeve head respectively.

[0014] Furthermore, the fixing device includes a braking buffer ring and a cable tie ring, and the braking buffer ring and the cable tie ring are arranged on the top of the sleeve in sequence from top to bottom, and the cable tie ring is fixedly connected to the braking buffer ring and the sleeve respectively; the two ends of the traction line pass through the cable tie ring and the braking buffer ring in sequence, and are connected and fixed to form a ring structure.

[0015] Furthermore, the cable tie ring and the brake buffer ring are respectively provided with a third through hole component and a fourth through hole component corresponding to the traction line, and both ends of the traction line pass through the corresponding third through hole component and the fourth through hole component in sequence.

[0016] Furthermore, the third through hole assembly is provided with two third through holes, the fourth through hole assembly is provided with two truncated cone-shaped fourth through holes, and the third through holes and the fourth through holes are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the pull rod.

[0017] Furthermore, a second through hole is provided in the middle of the pressure plate, and the upper end of the pull rod passes through the second through hole, and a gap is provided between the outer wall of the pull rod and the second through hole.

[0018] Furthermore, the bottoms of the multiple cavities are connected to form an installation cavity, and a limiting member is provided in the installation cavity, and the limiting member is slidably connected to the traction line.

[0019] Furthermore, the limiting member is a cross buckle formed by intersecting rings corresponding to the traction lines. In order to prevent the traction lines from rubbing against each other and being entangled, the traction lines pass through the corresponding rings respectively.

[0020] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the present invention are as follows: the seismic prestressed anchor rod with real-time pre-tightening / warning provided by the present invention can resist the destructive effects of strong earthquakes to a certain extent, and when the pre-stress of the anchor rod is relaxed after the earthquake, the anchor rod is restored to its initial state by tightening the traction line and tightening the sleeve, thereby achieving the pre-earthquake pre-tightening effect; at the same time, it can also timely warn whether the anchor rod has failed by detecting the pre-tightening force of the extended traction line; the seismic prestressed anchor rod with real-time pre-tightening / warning provided by the present invention has a long service life, a wide range of applications, and low maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the anchor rod in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the anchor rod in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 2 is a schematic diagram of a transverse cross-section of a pull rod in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the anchor rod structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting member in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 1 is a plan view of a cable tie loop in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a brake buffer ring in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure, 1, pull rod; 11, cavity; 12, installation cavity; 13, accommodating cavity; 2, drill bit; 3, intersection cross buckle; 31, ring; 4, traction line; 5, pressure plate; 51, second through hole; 6, spring; 7, sleeve; 71, first through hole; 8, cable tie ring; 81, third through hole; 9, brake buffer ring; 91, fourth through hole; 10, bedrock; 101, slurry; 102 is the rock layer interface; 103, sliding body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a real-time pre-tightening / warning seismic prestressed anchor rod, which comprises:

[0031] A pull rod 1, a sleeve 7, a pressure plate 5 and two traction lines 4;

[0032] The pull rod 1 is provided with two "U"-shaped cavities 11 corresponding to the traction line 4. The cavities 11 are arranged along the axial direction of the pull rod 1 and are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the pull rod 1. Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the cross section of the cavity 11 of the "U"-shaped structure is fan-shaped; the bottoms of the two cavities 11 of the "U"-shaped structure are connected to form an installation cavity 12, and the installation cavity 12 is provided with a stopper 3 and is slidably connected to the corresponding traction line 4; Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the limit member 3 is an intersecting cross buckle composed of two circular rings 31 interlocking with each other, and one of the circular rings 31 is fixed to the installation cavity 12; the two traction lines 4 are arranged in the corresponding cavity 11 of the "U"-shaped structure, and are respectively passed through the two circular rings 31 for sliding connection, and both ends thereof extend out of the cavity 11 of the "U"-shaped structure.

[0033] Wherein, a drill bit 2 is coaxially arranged at the bottom of the pull rod 1. Figure 4 As shown, the drill bit 2 is hemispherical in shape, which is an earthquake stress-bearing surface and has the effect of reducing the diameter impact of the earthquake. The portion of the upper surface that exceeds the pull rod 1 is a plane, which is the tension surface of the pull rod 1 and ensures that the tension is uniform and effective. The drill bit 2 mainly plays the role of positioning, limiting and preventing the pull rod 1 from being pulled out; in the present invention, the drill bit can also be conical.

[0034] A accommodating cavity 13 is provided at the uppermost end of the pull rod 1, which is used to protect the two traction wires 4 that are extended from the cavity 11 of the "U"-shaped structure and then gathered together. In the present embodiment, the accommodating cavity 13 is a cylindrical cavity, and it can also be a hemispherical cavity, which is integrally formed with the pull rod 1; the edges of the outlets at both ends of the cavity 11 of the "U"-shaped structure close to the axis line are chamfered to reduce the friction between the traction wire 4 and the outlet of the cavity 11 of the "U"-shaped structure, thereby extending the service life of the traction wire 4.

[0035] In the present invention, in view of different landforms and construction environments, the number of the traction lines 4 can be increased to meet higher anchoring requirements, and the number of the cavities 11 and the number of the rings are both equal to the number of the traction lines 4 .

[0036] In this embodiment, the traction wire 4 used is a steel strand.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, the pressure plate 5 is provided with a second through hole 51, and the pressure plate is sleeved outside the pull rod 1 through the second through hole 51 and is slidably connected to the outer wall of the pull rod 1. There is a gap between the outer wall of the pull rod 1 and the second through hole 51, and the gap is convenient for pouring slurry after the anchor rod is placed in the drilled hole; in the present invention, the pressure plate 5 can be round or square.

[0038] The upper end of the pull rod 1 is provided with an external thread, and the inner wall of the sleeve 7 is provided with an internal thread, which is threadedly connected with the upper end of the pull rod 1. Figure 2 As shown, the sleeve 7 is fixedly connected to the pressure plate 5 through a driving member. Under the action of external force, the pressure plate 5 drives the driving member to drive the sleeve 7 to move axially along the pull rod 1. The driving member is a spring 6, which is sleeved on the upper part of the pull rod 1, and its two ends are fixedly connected to the pressure plate 5 and the sleeve 7 respectively.

[0039] In this embodiment, the spring 6 used has the function of driving the sleeve 7 to move axially along the pull rod 1 and has a certain degree of buffering effect; the sleeve used in this embodiment is a truncated cone structure, and it can also be a cylindrical structure.

[0040] The top of the sleeve 7 is provided with a fixing part, and the fixing part includes a brake buffer ring 9 and a cable tie ring 8, and the cable tie ring 8 is fixedly connected to the brake buffer ring 9 and the sleeve 7 respectively, and the cable tie ring 8 plays the role of cable tie and concentration force, and the brake buffer ring 9 has a buffering effect; wherein the upper end of the sleeve 7 is provided with a first through hole 71, and the diameter of the first through hole 71 is smaller than the diameter of the pull rod 1 and smaller than the diameter of the cable tie ring 8; Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the wiring harness ring 8 and the brake buffer ring 9 are respectively provided with two third through hole assemblies and a fourth through hole assembly, wherein the third through hole assembly is provided with two third through holes 81, and the fourth through hole assembly is provided with two truncated cone-shaped fourth through holes 91, and the third through holes 81 and the fourth through holes 91 are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the pull rod 1; and the diameter of the third through hole 81 and the minimum diameter 912 of the truncated cone-shaped fourth through hole 91 are both larger than the diameter of the traction line 4, wherein the side 911 of the truncated cone-shaped fourth through hole with the largest aperture diameter faces upward; in the present invention, the number of the third through holes 81 and the number of the fourth through holes 91 change with the change of the number of the traction lines 4, and the number of the third through holes 81 and the fourth through holes 91 is twice the number of the traction lines 4.

[0041] The two ends of the pulling line 4 pass through the first through hole 71 of the sleeve 7 and the corresponding third through hole 81 and fourth through hole 91 in sequence, and are connected and fixed to form a ring structure.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the real-time pre-tightening / warning seismic prestressed anchor described in this embodiment has its lower end penetrated into the borehole. Due to the pre-tightening force generated by tightening the sleeve 7, the pressure plate 5 of the anchor is tightly attached to the surface of the bedrock 10. The grout 101 is poured between the part of the anchor that penetrates into the borehole and the borehole wall to bond the anchor and the bedrock 10 together, thereby forming an integral anchoring structure that is subjected to common stress and deformation.

[0043] When the anchoring structure of the above-mentioned embodiment is subjected to the action of earthquake force, some sliding bodies 103 will be generated on the surface of the bedrock 10, and the sliding bodies 103 will have a tendency to slide or tip over obliquely downward. At this time, the pressure plate 5 will be subjected to the external force from the sliding body 103, thereby squeezing the spring 6 and the sleeve 7 as well as the cable tie ring 8 and the brake buffer ring 9, so that the traction line 4 is tightened by the force, so that the part of the traction line 4 extending out of the brake buffer ring 9 becomes shorter. When the external force becomes greater and greater, the traction line 4 is continuously stretched, and the part of the traction line 4 extending out of the brake buffer ring 9 becomes shorter and shorter. While shortening, the part of the traction line 4 extending out of the brake buffer ring 9 will be subjected to the huge resistance brought by the brake buffer ring 9. When it is pulled to a certain position, the traction line 4 stops lengthening, and the sliding body 103 stops sliding due to the reaction force of the anchoring structure, which can weaken the effect of the earthquake force to a certain extent.

[0044] After an earthquake, the traction line 4 can be manually tightened to increase the overhanging length of the traction line 4, thereby increasing the preload force. After stretching, the sleeve 7 is re-tightened to fasten the slide 14 to the bedrock. At this time, the spring 6 is in a compressed state. The preload force generated thereby can well maintain the stability of the anchoring slope and increase the durability of the anchoring structure. At the same time, the preload force of the traction line 4 extending out of the brake buffer ring can be detected to determine whether the anchoring structure has failed. If there is almost no preload force on the monitored overhanging length, it proves that the traction line 4 is broken or the anchoring structure has failed.

[0045] The real-time prestressed anchor rod with pre-tightening / warning provided by the embodiment of the present invention can resist the destructive effect of earthquakes to a certain extent, and in the case of prestress relaxation after the earthquake, the anchor rod can be restored to the initial state by tightening the traction line and tightening the sleeve to achieve the pre-tightening effect before the earthquake; at the same time, it can also timely warn whether the anchor rod has failed by detecting the strength of the extended traction line, thereby analyzing the stability of the anchor slope. The real-time prestressed anchor rod with pre-tightening / warning provided by the present invention has a long service life, a wide range of applications, and low maintenance costs.

[0046] It should be pointed out in particular that the embodiments of the present invention involved in the above description are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Therefore, based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by different technical personnel in the field without making creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A real-time pre-tightening / warning seismic prestressed anchor rod, characterized in that: include: Pull rod, sleeve, pressure plate and at least two pulling lines; The pull rod is provided with a cavity of a "U"-shaped structure corresponding to the traction line, the cavity is arranged along the axial direction of the pull rod, a plurality of the cavities are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the pull rod, and the central axes of the plurality of the cavities are located on the same horizontal line, and the bottoms thereof are interconnected, the traction line is arranged in the corresponding cavity, and the two ends thereof extend out of the cavity; The pressure bearing plate is sleeved outside the pull rod and is slidably connected to the outer wall of the pull rod; The sleeve is slidably mounted on the upper end of the pull rod, and a fixing piece is provided on the top of the sleeve. Both ends of the traction line pass through the sleeve and the fixing piece in sequence and are slidably connected with the fixing piece. The fixing piece is used to fix the traction line. The sleeve is fixedly connected to the pressure plate through a driving piece. Under the action of external force, the pressure plate drives the driving piece to drive the sleeve to move axially along the pull rod. The driving member is a spring, which is sleeved on the upper part of the pull rod, and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the pressure plate and the sleeve head; The fixing member comprises a braking buffer ring and a cable tie ring, wherein the braking buffer ring and the cable tie ring are sequentially arranged on the top of the sleeve from top to bottom, and the cable tie ring is respectively connected to the system The dynamic buffer ring is fixedly connected to the sleeve, and the two ends of the traction line pass through the cable tie ring and the brake buffer ring in sequence and are connected and fixed; The cable tie ring and the brake buffer ring are respectively provided with a third through hole component and a fourth through hole component corresponding to the traction line, and two ends of the traction line pass through the corresponding third through hole component and the fourth through hole component in sequence.

2. A real-time pre-tightening / warning seismic prestressed anchor rod as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A drill bit with a hemispherical or conical structure is coaxially arranged at the bottom of the pull rod.

3. A real-time pre-tightening / warning seismic prestressed anchor rod as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The upper end of the pull rod is coaxially provided with an accommodating cavity.

4. A real-time pre-tightening / warning seismic prestressed anchor rod as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The third through hole assembly is provided with two third through holes, and the fourth through hole assembly is provided with two truncated cone-shaped fourth through holes. The third through holes and the fourth through holes are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the pull rod.

5. The real-time pre-tightening / warning seismic prestressed anchor rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second through hole is provided in the middle of the pressure plate, and the upper end of the pull rod passes through the second through hole, with a gap between the outer wall of the pull rod and the second through hole.

6. The real-time prestressed anchor bolt for earthquake resistance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottoms of the plurality of cavities are connected to form an installation cavity, a limiting member is provided in the installation cavity, and the limiting member is slidably connected to the pulling line.

7. A real-time pre-tightening / warning seismic prestressed anchor rod as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting member is a cross buckle formed by intersecting circles corresponding to the pulling lines, and the pulling lines pass through the corresponding circles respectively.

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