A fiber bundle forming system and method with micropores

Abstract

The present invention discloses a fiber bundle molding system and method with micropores, including a yarn storage rack, a coating device, a hole-forming device, and a winding device. The yarn storage rack, the coating device, the hole-forming device, and the winding device are sequentially arranged on the fiber bundle molding path. The yarn storage rack includes a yarn storage disk. The coating device can coat resin or film-like material on the surface of the fiber bundle. The hole-forming device includes a multi-degree-of-freedom head and a hole-forming bottom plate. The multi-degree-of-freedom head includes a plurality of hole-forming needles, a needle plate seat, and a needle stripping plate. The molding system of the present invention has the function of preparing micropores of various shapes and sizes. It is based on widening the fiber bundle. The formed micropores have good effect, the morphology remains intact, the spacing is adjustable and controllable, the fiber continuity is good, and the damage to the fiber is reduced. It can be used for rapid molding of high-performance fiber preforms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of advanced composite materials and relates to a microporous fiber bundle molding system and method. Background Art

[0002] Three-dimensional fabrics have been widely favored in recent years and are currently widely used in the fields of aviation, aerospace, ships, automobiles, sports, etc. At present, in domestic and foreign three-dimensional fabric patents, most of them use fibers or their products to directly form a preform with certain interlayer connections. Under normal circumstances, the interlayer fibers of three-dimensional fabrics are introduced through the medium for the second time or the interlayer connections are formed according to the interweaving rules during the weaving process. There are problems such as large damage to the plane fibers and low efficiency, which affect the application of the preform to a certain extent. Compared with laminated board fabrics, although the existing molding process solves the problem of poor interlayer performance of laminated boards, most of them sacrifice the plane performance at the expense of relatively low molding efficiency. Fiber bundles with micropores can provide pores of a certain size and spacing on the fiber bundles. Through a special weaving process, the micropores of the fiber bundles can be stacked layer by layer to form a channel, and then the fibers in the thickness direction can be quickly introduced, which can not only reduce fiber damage, but also have the advantage of molding special-shaped parts and significantly improve production efficiency.

[0003] Through the analysis of domestic and foreign patents, it can be seen that there are few reports on the molding method of forming pores with controllable spacing, size, and shape in the state of fiber bundles. Among them, the patent "Composite laminate with a hole pattern produced by controlled fiber placement" provides a method for forming a hole pattern. However, this method uses a method of setting and controlling the spacing between fiber bundles to achieve the hole pattern, which belongs to the formation of pores between fiber bundles. Under normal circumstances, the pores formed are polygonal. Although pores can be formed, this method forms pores by superimposing fiber layers in two directions on each other, resulting in a "fiber-free" area between two adjacent fiber layers in the same direction, and is therefore limited in terms of molding methods, shapes, and molding efficiency. And it is necessary to use a resin layer or prepreg with a certain viscosity for molding, and the application field is limited.

[0004] In addition, in the preform industry, the common hole-forming method is to mechanically cut the preform after forming, and most of these are large-sized holes, such as forming holes of a certain size according to component requirements. The holes in composite materials reinforced with preforms are also mostly formed by machining after compounding, such as threaded holes and transfer holes. Both hole-forming methods are destructive hole-forming, and the fibers at the location of the processed holes are basically broken, causing significant damage to the material's plane performance. And the forming method is post-processing forming. Summary of the invention

[0005] In response to the demand for the development of three-dimensional fabrics by existing composite materials and the limitations of current three-dimensional fabric forming, the present invention provides a system and method for forming a fiber bundle with micropores. The fiber bundle prepared by this method can be used to prepare a three-dimensional fabric with specific channels in the thickness direction through a specific weaving process, and Z-direction fibers can be quickly introduced into the channels according to material requirements.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A microporous fiber bundle forming system comprises a yarn storage rack, a coating device, a hole forming device and a winding device, wherein the yarn storage rack, the coating device, the hole forming device and the winding device are sequentially arranged on the fiber bundle forming path, and the yarn storage rack comprises a yarn storage disc.

[0008] The coating device can coat resin or film-like material on the surface of the fiber bundle, and the hole-forming device includes a multi-degree-of-freedom head and a hole-forming base plate. The multi-degree-of-freedom head includes multiple hole-forming needles, a needle plate seat and a needle-removing plate. The needle plate seat is located above the needle-removing plate and the two can move relative to each other. The needle-removing plate and the hole-forming base plate are provided with multiple needle holes corresponding to the multiple hole-forming needles. The hole-forming base plate is located below the needle-removing plate. The upper ends of the multiple hole-forming needles are connected to the needle plate seat, and the lower ends correspond to the positions of the needle holes on the needle-removing plate and the hole-forming base plate.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a first traction device, a second traction device and a third traction device.

[0010] Further, the first traction device is located between the yarn storage frame and the coating device, the second traction device is located between the coating device and the hole-forming device, and the third traction device is located between the hole-forming device and the winding device.

[0011] Furthermore, the first traction device, the second traction device and the third traction device each include two pairs of upper and lower rollers.

[0012] Furthermore, the resin is a photosensitive resin or a thermoplastic resin.

[0013] Furthermore, the cross-section of the pore-forming needle is circular, elliptical, square or triangular.

[0014] Furthermore, the pore-forming device also includes a laser source, which is used to provide energy to trigger the solidification of the resin or film-like material when the pore-forming needle passes through the fiber bundle, thereby ensuring that the shape of the pinhole is retained.

[0015] Furthermore, the fiber bundle is a broadened fiber bundle, including dry fiber bundles, semi-dry fibers (such as prepreg) and wet fiber bundles.

[0016] Furthermore, the diameter of the pinhole is larger than the diameter of the pore-forming needle.

[0017] According to the above-mentioned fiber bundle forming method with microporous fiber bundle forming system, the following steps are included:

[0018] Step 1: widening the fiber to be formed into micropores to obtain a widened fiber bundle with a predetermined width, and winding it onto a yarn storage disk on a yarn storage rack;

[0019] Step 2: Introduce the widened fiber bundle on the yarn storage rack into the first traction device, and under the traction and extrusion of the rollers of the first traction device and the second traction device, the coating device evenly coats the material to be coated on the surface of the widened fiber bundle, wherein the widened fiber bundle introduced into the first traction device is a layer or multiple layers in the same direction, and the coating device controls the amount of coating material on the surface of the widened fiber bundle to ensure that the thickness of the widened fiber bundle does not change significantly after coating;

[0020] Step 3: The coated widened fiber bundle is sent between the needle removal plate and the hole-forming bottom plate through the hole-forming device under the action of the third traction device. The hole-forming needle moves downward and passes through the pinhole on the needle removal plate and the widened fiber bundle in turn and enters the pinhole on the hole-forming bottom plate, thereby forming a hole on the widened fiber bundle, wherein the hole-forming position is distributed inside the widened fiber bundle and / or distributed on the edge of the widened fiber bundle. Before the hole-forming needle exits the widened fiber bundle, the laser source provides energy to trigger the curing of the resin or film-like material, thereby ensuring the retention of the pinhole shape. After the resin or film-like material is cured, the needle removal plate moves downward to compact the widened fiber bundle. At this time, the hole-forming needle moves upward to separate from the widened fiber bundle, thereby forming a pinhole of a predetermined shape. During the forward movement of the widened fiber bundle under the action of the traction device, the multi-degree-of-freedom machine head moves in a direction perpendicular to the widened fiber bundle, passes through the widened fiber bundle, and enters the hole-forming bottom plate. In this process, the widened fiber bundle moves intermittently, which is consistent with the vertical movement frequency of the multi-degree-of-freedom machine head.

[0021] Step 4: Under the action of the third traction device, the widened fiber bundle having a predetermined shape, spacing, and number of pores is pulled to the winding device, thereby obtaining a widened fiber bundle with micropores of a certain length.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] (1) The method for forming holes in a widened fiber bundle of the present invention achieves the purpose of forming micropores with controllable spacing and shape at the fiber bundle level through the steps of pulling and forming holes, providing technical support for the development of new three-dimensional fabrics;

[0024] (2) The hole-forming device of the present invention comprises a multi-degree-of-freedom machine head and a hole-forming base plate. The multi-degree-of-freedom machine head comprises a plurality of hole-forming needles, a needle plate seat and a needle removal plate. The needle plate seat is located above the needle removal plate and the two can move relative to each other. The needle removal plate and the hole-forming base plate are provided with a plurality of needle holes corresponding to the plurality of hole-forming needles. The hole-forming base plate is located below the needle removal plate. The upper ends of the plurality of hole-forming needles are connected to the needle plate seat, and the lower ends correspond to the positions of the needle holes on the needle removal plate and the hole-forming base plate. Through the specially designed multi-degree-of-freedom machine head, the system can have the function of preparing micropores of various shapes and sizes. Based on widening the fiber bundle, the formed micropores have good effect, the morphology remains intact, the spacing is adjustable and controllable, the fiber continuity is good, the fiber damage is reduced, and it can be used to form a preform with micropores.

[0025] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present invention has other purposes, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the broadened fiber bundle of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fiber bundle forming system with micropores.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the coating device structure.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pore-forming device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] Combination Figure 2-4 A microporous fiber bundle forming system comprises a yarn storage rack 1, a coating device 4, a hole forming device 6, and a winding device 8. The yarn storage rack 1, the coating device 4, the hole forming device 6, and the winding device 8 are sequentially arranged on the fiber bundle forming path. The yarn storage rack 1 comprises a yarn storage disc 2.

[0032] The coating device 4 can coat the fiber bundle surface with resin or film-like material. Figure 4The hole-forming device 6 includes a multi-degree-of-freedom head 61 and a hole-forming base plate 64. The multi-degree-of-freedom head 61 includes a plurality of hole-forming needles 62, a needle plate seat 65 and a needle-removing plate 63. The needle plate seat 65 is located above the needle-removing plate 63 and the two can move relative to each other. The needle-removing plate 63 and the hole-forming base plate 64 are provided with a plurality of needle holes corresponding to the plurality of hole-forming needles 62. The hole-forming base plate 64 is located below the needle-removing plate 63. The upper ends of the plurality of hole-forming needles 62 are connected to the needle plate seat 65, and the lower ends correspond to the positions of the needle holes on the needle-removing plate 63 and the hole-forming base plate 64. The needle-removing plate 63 is used to ensure that a plurality of hole-forming needles 62 can synchronously exit the fiber bundle after hole forming, and to ensure the flatness of the fiber bundle.

[0033] Furthermore, it also includes a first traction device 3 , a second traction device 5 and a third traction device 7 .

[0034] Further, the first traction device 3 is located between the yarn storage frame 1 and the coating device 4 , the second traction device 5 is located between the coating device 4 and the hole-forming device 6 , and the third traction device 7 is located between the hole-forming device 6 and the winding device 8 .

[0035] Furthermore, the first traction device 3, the second traction device 5 and the third traction device 7 each include two upper and lower pairs of rollers, and the pressure of the rollers and the traction speed can be adjusted according to process requirements.

[0036] Furthermore, the resin is a photosensitive resin or a thermoplastic resin.

[0037] Furthermore, the cross-section of the pore-forming needle 62 is circular, elliptical, square or triangular.

[0038] Furthermore, the pore-forming device 6 also includes a laser source, which is used to provide energy to trigger the solidification of the resin or film-like material when the pore-forming needle 62 passes through the fiber bundle, thereby ensuring that the shape of the needle hole is retained.

[0039] Furthermore, the fiber bundle is a broadened fiber bundle, including dry fiber bundles, semi-dry fibers (such as prepreg) and wet fiber bundles.

[0040] Furthermore, the diameter of the needle hole is greater than the diameter of the pore-forming needle 62 .

[0041] According to the above-mentioned fiber bundle forming method with microporous fiber bundle forming system, the following steps are included:

[0042] Step 1: widening the fibers to be formed into micropores to obtain a widened fiber bundle with a predetermined width, and winding the fiber bundle to a yarn storage disc 2 on a yarn storage rack 1;

[0043] Step 2: Introduce the widened fiber bundle on the yarn storage frame 1 into the first traction device 3. Under the traction and extrusion of the rollers of the first traction device 3 and the second traction device 5, the coating device 4 evenly coats the material to be coated on the surface of the widened fiber bundle, wherein the widened fiber bundle introduced into the first traction device may be one layer or multiple layers in the same direction. The coating device 4 controls the amount of coating material on the surface of the widened fiber bundle to ensure that the thickness of the widened fiber bundle does not change significantly after coating; resin and other materials may be atomized as needed to ensure uniform distribution on the widened fiber bundle;

[0044] Step 3: The coated widened fiber bundle is fed between the needle-removing plate 63 and the hole-forming bottom plate 64 through the hole-forming device under the action of the third traction device 7. The hole-forming needle 62 moves downward and passes through the needle holes on the needle-removing plate 63 and the widened fiber bundle in turn and enters the needle holes on the hole-forming bottom plate 64, thereby forming holes on the widened fiber bundle. The hole-forming positions can be distributed inside the widened fiber bundle (i.e., forming holes of a complete shape) or at the edge of the widened fiber bundle (i.e., forming holes of a half hole or a small half hole of an incomplete shape). When the hole-forming needle 62 exits the widened fiber bundle, the hole-forming position can be distributed inside the widened fiber bundle (i.e., forming holes of a complete shape) or at the edge of the widened fiber bundle (i.e., forming holes of a half hole or a small half hole of an incomplete shape). Before the beam is maintained, the laser source provides energy to trigger the solidification of the resin or film-like material, thereby ensuring that the shape of the pinhole is retained. After the resin or film-like material is solidified, the needle-removing plate 63 moves down to compact the widened fiber bundle, and at this time, the hole-forming needle 62 moves up to separate from the widened fiber bundle, thereby forming a pinhole of a predetermined shape. During the forward movement of the widened fiber bundle under the action of the traction device, the multi-degree-of-freedom head 61 moves in a direction perpendicular to the widened fiber bundle, passes through the widened fiber bundle, and enters the hole-forming bottom plate 64. In this process, the widened fiber bundle moves intermittently, which is consistent with the vertical movement frequency of the multi-degree-of-freedom head 61.

[0045] Step 4: Under the action of the third traction device 7, the widened fiber bundle with predetermined shape, spacing and number of pores is drawn to the winding device 8, thereby obtaining a widened fiber bundle with micropores of a certain length (such as Figure 1 shown).

[0046] Example 1

[0047] The width of the fiber bundle with micropores is 20 mm, the diameter of the micropores is 1 mm, the shape of the micropores is circular, and the micropore spacing is 2 mm×2 mm.

[0048] Specific implementation steps

[0049] (1) Place a 20 mm wide fiber bundle storage disc into the yarn rack;

[0050] (2) The fiber bundle is passed through a multi-pass traction device in sequence and connected to a winding device;

[0051] (3) Select a hole-forming needle with a diameter of 1 mm and a circular cross section and fix it on the multi-degree-of-freedom machine head; a total of 9 rows of needles;

[0052] (4) Loading photosensitive resin into the coating device and adjusting the resin output;

[0053] (5) Under the action of the multi-freedom machine head, nine hole-forming needles simultaneously penetrate the widened fiber bundle containing photosensitive resin and enter the hole-forming bottom plate with a bottom hole diameter of 1.2 mm;

[0054] (6) Under the action of a laser source, the fiber at the hole-forming needle is photocured;

[0055] (7) The needle stripping plate 63 moves downward, and at the same time, the hole-forming needles 62 withdraw from the widened fiber bundle to form the first row of needle holes;

[0056] (8) Repeat steps (5)-(7) until all length-stretched fiber bundles are formed into holes.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fiber bundle forming system with micropores, characterized in that: The invention comprises a yarn storage rack (1), a coating device (4), a hole forming device (6), and a winding device (8), wherein the yarn storage rack (1), the coating device (4), the hole forming device (6), and the winding device (8) are arranged in sequence on a fiber bundle forming path, and the yarn storage rack (1) comprises a yarn storage disc (2). The coating device (4) is capable of coating a resin or a film-like material on the surface of a fiber bundle. The hole-forming device (6) comprises a multi-degree-of-freedom head (61) and a hole-forming bottom plate (64). The multi-degree-of-freedom head (61) comprises a plurality of hole-forming needles (62), a needle plate seat (65) and a needle-removing plate (63). The needle plate seat (65) is located above the needle-removing plate (63) and the two can move relative to each other. The needle-removing plate (63) and the hole-forming bottom plate (64) are provided with a plurality of needle holes corresponding to the plurality of hole-forming needles (62). The hole-forming bottom plate (64) is located below the needle-removing plate (63). The upper ends of the plurality of hole-forming needles (62) are connected to the needle plate seat (65) and the lower ends correspond to the positions of the needle holes on the needle-removing plate (63) and the hole-forming bottom plate (64). The pore-forming device (6) further comprises a laser source, which is used to provide energy to trigger the solidification of the resin or film-like material when the pore-forming needle (62) passes through the fiber bundle, thereby ensuring that the shape of the needle hole is retained.

2. The microporous fiber bundle forming system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first traction device (3), a second traction device (5) and a third traction device (7).

3. The microporous fiber bundle forming system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first traction device (3) is located between the yarn storage frame (1) and the coating device (4), the second traction device (5) is located between the coating device (4) and the hole-forming device (6), and the third traction device (7) is located between the hole-forming device (6) and the winding device (8).

4. The microporous fiber bundle forming system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first traction device (3), the second traction device (5) and the third traction device (7) each comprise two pairs of upper and lower rollers.

5. The microporous fiber bundle forming system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resin is a photosensitive resin or a thermoplastic resin.

6. The microporous fiber bundle forming system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-section of the pore-forming needle (62) is circular, elliptical, square or triangular.

7. The microporous fiber bundle forming system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber bundle is a broadened fiber bundle, including a dry fiber bundle, a semi-dry fiber bundle and a wet fiber bundle.

8. The microporous fiber bundle forming system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The diameter of the needle hole is greater than the diameter of the pore-forming needle (62).

9. The fiber bundle forming method with a microporous fiber bundle forming system according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: The fibers to be formed into micropores are subjected to a widening process to obtain a widened fiber bundle having a predetermined width, and the widened fiber bundle is rolled up onto a yarn storage disk (2) on a yarn storage frame (1); Step 2: introducing the widened fiber bundle on the yarn storage frame (1) into the first traction device (3), and under the traction and squeezing of the rollers of the first traction device (3) and the second traction device (5), the coating device (4) evenly coats the material to be coated on the surface of the widened fiber bundle, wherein the widened fiber bundle introduced into the first traction device (3) is a single layer or multiple layers in the same direction, and the coating device (4) controls the amount of coating material on the surface of the widened fiber bundle to ensure that the thickness of the widened fiber bundle does not change significantly after coating; Step 3: The coated widened fiber bundle is fed to between the needle-removing plate (63) and the hole-forming bottom plate (64) through the hole-forming device under the action of the third traction device (7). The hole-forming needle (62) moves downward and passes through the needle hole on the needle-removing plate (63) and the widened fiber bundle in turn and enters the needle hole on the hole-forming bottom plate (64), thereby forming a hole on the widened fiber bundle. The hole-forming positions are distributed inside the widened fiber bundle and / or distributed at the edge of the widened fiber bundle. Before the hole-forming needle (62) exits the widened fiber bundle, the laser source provides energy to induce the hole-forming needle (62). The resin or film-like material is solidified, thereby ensuring that the shape of the pinhole is retained. After the resin or film-like material is solidified, the needle removal plate (63) moves downward to compact the widened fiber bundle, and at this time, the hole-forming needle (62) moves upward to separate from the widened fiber bundle, thereby forming a pinhole of a predetermined shape. During the forward movement of the widened fiber bundle under the action of the traction device, the multi-degree-of-freedom machine head (61) moves in a direction perpendicular to the widened fiber bundle, passes through the widened fiber bundle, and enters the hole-forming bottom plate (64). During this process, the widened fiber bundle moves intermittently, which is consistent with the vertical movement frequency of the multi-degree-of-freedom machine head (61); Step 4: Under the action of the third traction device (7), the expanded fiber bundle having a predetermined shape, spacing, and number of pores is drawn to the winding device (8), thereby obtaining an expanded fiber bundle with micropores of a certain length.

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