A tunnel boring machine and a method for transferring materials from the tunnel boring machine

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of tunnel boring equipment, and specifically relates to a tunnel boring machine and a material transfer method for the tunnel boring machine. The tunnel boring machine includes a shield body, a main drive is arranged in the shield body, a cutter disc is arranged on the main drive, and a crossbeam connected to the rotating part of the central swivel joint is arranged at the rear of the cutter disc. The tunnel boring machine also includes a material transfer system, which includes a carrying mechanism arranged in the shield body for transferring materials between the tail of the shield body and the cutter disc, and the carrying mechanism includes a bearing body for carrying materials and an attachment body for the bearing body to be attached. During the process of the bearing body transporting materials, the height distance between the bearing body and the attachment body remains unchanged, and the movement path of the bearing body passes through the central channel of the main drive and directly crosses the crossbeam to extend to the position of the cutter disc. In this way, there is no need to set the carrying mechanism in the form of continuous cooperation of the transfer and lifting structures, which reduces the requirements of the carrying mechanism on the compartment space behind the cutter disc, so that the tunnel boring machine can be miniaturized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of tunnel boring equipment, and in particular relates to a tunnel boring machine and a tunnel boring machine material transfer method. Background Art

[0002] During the use of the tunnel boring machine, it is necessary to replace relevant parts at the cutter head. This process involves the transportation of new parts into the cutter head position and the transportation of parts removed from the cutter head position out of the shield body.

[0003] The parts used in the cutterhead of a tunnel boring machine are generally heavy. For example, the weight of a cutter barrel equipped with cutting tools can reach several hundred kilograms or even more than one ton. It is extremely difficult to transport materials in a shield body with limited space by manpower alone. Therefore, a material transfer system is set up in the tunnel boring machine to transport materials. For example, a Chinese invention patent with application publication number CN110159287A and application publication date of August 23, 2019 discloses a new type of tool transportation system and transportation method. The patent specifically introduces its transportation system by taking a shield machine with a center cabin and a normal pressure cutterhead as an example. Specifically, a center cabin shell is fixed at the rear end of the inner ring center channel of the main drive to enclose the center cabin. A material channel for materials to pass through is opened on the center cabin shell, and a material channel door is provided corresponding to the material channel. The material transportation system specifically includes a material channel that can be The material channel extends to the telescopic platform in the center cabin and the center cabin crane is installed on the top of the center cabin. When working, the materials consisting of the cutter and the cutter barrel are placed on the telescopic platform outside the center cabin, and the telescopic platform transports the materials to the center cabin, and then the center cabin crane continues to lift the materials into the cutter bin. Since a beam connected to the rotating part of the center swivel joint is provided at the rear side of the cutter disc, the center cabin crane needs to lift the materials first to pass the materials from the top of the beam to the cutter bin, and then lower the materials to the installation position to realize the transfer of materials. The same is true for shield machines with non-pressure cutter discs. A material channel is opened on the partition at the center channel of the main drive and a material channel door is set. The material transfer system transports the materials to the soil bin through the material channel and the center channel of the main drive and lifts them by the crane.

[0004] The above-mentioned material transfer system including the telescopic platform and the central cabin crane can be conveniently arranged in a large-scale tunnel boring machine with a diameter of more than ten meters. However, with the development of civil construction, small-sized tunnel boring machines, such as tunnel boring machines with a diameter of less than ten meters, are needed in many places. For these miniaturized tunnel boring machines, it is inconvenient to set up the above-mentioned material transfer system in the prior art due to insufficient chamber space at the rear of the cutter disc, resulting in technical problems of difficulty in material transfer in the process of miniaturization of tunnel boring machines, which restricts the development of miniaturization of tunnel boring machines. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel boring machine to solve the technical problem that the existing tunnel boring machines are difficult to miniaturize due to the difficulty in material transfer during the miniaturization process; the object of the present invention is also to provide a material transfer method for the tunnel boring machine.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the tunnel boring machine provided by the present invention is:

[0007] A roadheader comprises a shield body, a main drive is arranged in the shield body, a cutter disc is arranged on the main drive, a crossbeam connected to the rotating part of the central swivel joint is arranged at the rear of the cutter disc, the roadheader also comprises a material transfer system, the material transfer system comprises a carrying mechanism arranged in the shield body for transferring materials between the tail of the shield body and the cutter disc, the carrying mechanism comprises a bearing body for carrying materials and an attachment body for the bearing body to attach, the height distance between the bearing body and the attachment body remains unchanged during the process of conveying materials, and the movement path of the bearing body passes through the central channel of the main drive and directly crosses the crossbeam to extend to the position of the cutter disc The transport mechanism includes an inner track of the shield and a material transfer trolley coordinated with the inner track of the shield. The carrier is composed of the material transfer trolley, and the attachment body is composed of the inner track of the shield. The inner track of the shield is a split structure that is split in the front and rear directions. The front end is a cantilever section that extends into the knife bin of the normal pressure type cutter disc or the soil bin behind the extraordinary pressure type cutter disc. The rear side of the cantilever section is a base section located outside the knife bin or the soil bin. The cantilever section is detachably connected to the base section or telescopically assembled to the base section or detachably connected to a fixed object near the base section and docked with the base section, so that the cantilever section can be moved out of the knife bin or the soil bin.

[0008] The beneficial effect is that the height distance between the carrier and the attachment body remains unchanged. When the material at the rear of the shield is transferred to the position of the cutter disc by using the carrying mechanism, the carrier carries the material through the central channel of the main drive and crosses the crossbeam to directly reach the position of the cutter disc. In this process, there is no need to continue to lift the material entering the central channel of the main drive. Compared with the traditional material transfer system, there is no need to set up additional overhead crane equipment in the warehouse behind the cutter disc to continue the telescopic platform and send the telescopic platform to the material in the central channel of the main drive and lift it over the crossbeam behind the cutter disc, so that the material behind the cutter disc The chamber can be miniaturized, which in turn allows the tunnel boring machine to be miniaturized. The transport mechanism adopts a structure in which a material transfer trolley cooperates with the inner track of the shield. The inner track of the shield is used to support the material transfer trolley to ensure that the transport mechanism has a sufficiently large carrying capacity. The material transfer trolley directly transports the material to a position as close as possible to the cutter head mounting panel, reducing the subsequent workload of moving the material. At the same time, the cantilever section extending into the cutter head bin or soil bin can be moved out, so that the setting of the transport mechanism will not affect the normal operation of the cutter head with the cutter bin and the smooth flow of slag in the soil bin.

[0009] As a further improvement, the cantilever section is butted against the base section and the position where the base section and the cantilever section are butted against is located at the rear side of the cross beam, or the cantilever section is telescopically assembled on the base section and the retraction amount of the cantilever section on the base section can ensure that the cantilever section as a whole can be retracted to the rear side of the cross beam; or, the inner track of the shield extends to the rear side of the cross beam, and the part of the material transfer trolley used to carry materials can be cantilevered forward relative to the inner track of the shield to the knife bin of the normal pressure type cutter disc or the soil bin behind the extraordinary pressure type cutter disc.

[0010] The beneficial effect is that after the cantilever section is removed or retracted backward or the material transfer cart moves backward, the carrying mechanism will not interfere with the rotation of the beam. In this way, the inner track of the shield can pass through the rotation area of ​​the beam, so there is no need to arrange the beam and the inner track of the shield at intervals in the upper and lower directions, and the design of the radial dimension of the compartment body at the rear of the cutter disc only needs to refer to the radial dimension of the rotation range of the beam, so that the tunnel boring machine can be further miniaturized.

[0011] As a further improvement, the cantilever section is detachably butt-jointed with the base section, and an oblique brace is fixed to the cantilever section for supporting and cooperating with a nearby fixed object backwards.

[0012] The beneficial effects are: compared with the telescopic structure, the detachable connection between the cantilever section and the base section can achieve the equal height coordination of the cantilever section and the base section rail surface, and realize the smooth operation of the material transfer trolley on the shield inner track. Compared with the docking with the base section by fixing the connecting structure on a fixed object near the base section, the direct coordination mode of the detachable connection between the cantilever section and the base section is less dependent on the surrounding structure, and there is no need to consider the surrounding structure, thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the cantilever section. On this basis, a diagonal brace is arranged on the cantilever section so that the cantilever section detachably connected to the base section has a higher load-bearing capacity.

[0013] As a further improvement, the cutter disc is a normal pressure cutter disc, and the inner track of the shield passes through the material channel door at the main drive center channel. The inner track of the shield includes an outer door section arranged on the outside of the material channel door, an inner door section arranged on the inside of the material channel door, and a transition section for connecting the outer door section and the inner door section. The transition section is installed in the shield body through a detachable installation structure, and the length of the transition section is sufficient to allow the material channel door to open and close normally in the space vacated after disassembly.

[0014] The beneficial effect is: when transporting materials, the outer section of the door, the inner section of the door and the transition section cooperate to enable the material transfer trolley to pass through the material channel door normally and smoothly. After the material transfer is completed, the transition section is removed to ensure that the material channel door can open and close normally, so that the inner track of the shield will not affect the tightness of the closure of the material channel door, thereby ensuring that the tunnel boring machine has reliable working performance.

[0015] As a further improvement, the detachable installation structure includes a plug-in structure located on the transition section and a plug-in matching structure located in the shield body of the tunnel boring machine. The transition section is installed in the shield body by plug-in matching with the plug-in matching structure in the up and down directions.

[0016] The beneficial effect is that the transition section is subjected to pressure during operation. Based on this, the transition section is installed in the shield body with a detachable installation structure that is plugged in along the up and down directions. The pressure borne by the transition section during operation can be utilized to ensure the stable installation of the transition section in the shield body. At the same time, when installing the transition section, it is only necessary to align the plug-in structure and lower the transition section. When disassembling the transition section, it is only necessary to pick up the transition section, which makes the disassembly and assembly of the transition section extremely convenient.

[0017] As a further improvement, the rear end of the shield inner track has a locking structure for locking the position of the material transfer trolley to prevent the material transfer trolley from automatically sliding forward.

[0018] The beneficial effect is: during the excavation process, the tunnel will extend obliquely downward. At this time, the tunnel boring machine is in a downward oblique posture. A locking structure is set at the rear end of the shield inner track to prevent the material transfer trolley from sliding forward on its own, ensuring that the material transfer trolley is stably in a position to receive the material when the material is hoisted onto the material transfer trolley, ensuring the convenience of hoisting the material on the material transfer trolley, and avoiding the situation where the material transfer trolley slides on its own and accidentally injures the staff.

[0019] As a further improvement, the front end of the inner track of the shield has a stopping structure for stopping the material transfer trolley to prevent the material transfer trolley from escaping from the front end of the inner track of the shield.

[0020] The beneficial effect is: since most of the materials transferred through the material transfer system are of large weight, a stopping structure is provided at the front end of the shield inner track to stop the material transfer trolley, which can avoid the accident of the material transfer trolley loaded with materials falling out of the front end of the shield inner track, thereby ensuring the safety of the use of the tunnel boring machine.

[0021] As a further improvement, the carrying mechanism includes a telescopic mounting structure and a bearing platform mounted in the shield body through the telescopic mounting structure. The bearing platform can be retracted to the rear side of the material channel door through the telescopic mounting structure. The bearing platform constitutes the bearing body, and the telescopic mounting structure constitutes the attachment body.

[0022] The beneficial effect is: by extending the telescopic mounting structure forward, the supporting platform can be easily extended to the position of the cutter disc to realize the transfer of materials to the cutter disc. At the same time, by retracting the telescopic mounting structure backward, the supporting platform can be easily retracted to the rear side of the material channel door, avoiding the influence of the carrying mechanism on the opening and closing of the material channel door.

[0023] As a further improvement, the movement path of the carrier passes through the bottom of the main drive center channel.

[0024] The beneficial effect is that the material has a relatively low position height when it is transported to the position of the cutter disc, which reduces the labor required when subsequently lowering the material to the installation position. At the same time, the cross-section of the main drive center channel is circular, and the movement path of the carrier is designed to pass through the bottom of the main drive center channel, so that the movement path of the carrier is located in the lower center of the shield body. In this way, when the material is transported to the position of the cutter disc, the material is naturally located in the lower center of the cutter disc, which reduces the operator's adjustment workload in the left and right directions when transferring the material to the installation position, while increasing the material transfer rate.

[0025] As a further improvement, the carrier has a material tray for supporting materials, and the material tray is provided with a positioning structure for cooperating with the material packaging or the material itself to limit the inclination angle posture of the material in the left and right directions.

[0026] The beneficial effect is: since it is difficult for the cutter disc to stop at the preset position with high precision each time it stops, it is necessary to ensure that there is enough gap between the material and the beam to ensure that the material will not be blocked by the beam, thereby ensuring the smooth transfer of the material to the cutter disc position. For this purpose, a positioning structure is set on the material transfer trolley, and the positioning structure is used to tilt the outer packaging of the material or the material itself in the left and right directions, so as to increase the distance between the material or the outer packaging of the material and the beam, thereby ensuring that the material can be smoothly transported to the position of the cutter disc.

[0027] As a further improvement, the positioning structure is a positioning slope.

[0028] The beneficial effects are: the planar structure is easy to process and more wear-resistant, and designing the positioning structure as a positioning slope can reduce the difficulty of manufacturing the carrying mechanism and provide durability of the carrying mechanism. At the same time, the positioning structure of the planar structure can stably cooperate with the material or material packaging to stably position the posture of the material.

[0029] As a further improvement, the positioning structure includes a left positioning structure and a right positioning structure, and the left positioning structure and the right positioning structure are arranged symmetrically to the left and right.

[0030] The beneficial effect is: since the beam needs to stop at different positions when replacing and installing materials at different positions on the cutter disc, the beam sometimes stops at the left side of the shield inner track, and sometimes stops at the right side of the shield inner track. Correspondingly, a left positioning structure and a right positioning structure that are symmetrical on the material tray are set. In this way, the positioning structure on the corresponding side can be adaptively selected to cooperate with the material or the outer packaging of the material in combination with the actual stopping position of the beam on the rear side of the cutter disc. In this way, no matter where the material is replaced, it can be ensured that the material will not be blocked by the beam on the rear side of the cutter disc when it is transported to the position of the cutter disc, thereby ensuring the smoothness of material transportation.

[0031] As a further improvement, the tool mounting panel of the cutter disc is provided with a tool mounting position for mounting a tool, and a lifting tool mounting structure for mounting a lifting tool is fixed to the rear side of the tool mounting panel. When the cutter disc of the tunnel boring machine stops to mount the tool at the tool mounting position, the lifting tool mounting structure is located above the tool mounting position, and the distance between the lifting tool mounting structure and the tool mounting position meets the requirements for the layout of the lifting tool and the lifting distance.

[0032] The beneficial effect is: when the tool is unloaded from the carrying mechanism and moved to the corresponding tool loading position or the disassembled tool is placed on the carrying mechanism, a lifting tool is installed on the rear side of the tool loading panel of the cutter disc through the lifting tool installation structure, and the tool is lifted by the lifting tool. During lifting, the lifting tool is installed above the tool loading position through the lifting tool installation structure. The distance between the lifting tool installation structure and the tool loading position enables the lifting tool to have a lifting distance for lifting the tool, thereby realizing the lifting of materials in a small-sized warehouse, reducing the labor intensity of the staff and improving the convenience of material transportation.

[0033] As a further improvement, the tool mounting panel is provided with a tool mounting area, in which at least two tool mounting positions are arranged side by side along the radial direction of the cutter disc, and the lifting tool mounting structure is provided corresponding to the tool mounting area. The lifting tool mounting structure corresponding to the tool mounting area is arranged on the side of the tool mounting area close to the center of the cutter disc along the radial direction of the cutter disc.

[0034] The beneficial effect is that the tool loading positions are centrally arranged to form a tool loading area, and a lifting tool installation structure is provided corresponding to the tool loading area, thereby reducing the number of required lifting tool installation structures and reducing the frequency of rotating the cutter disc during tool loading and unloading, making the tool replacement operation of the tunnel boring machine more convenient.

[0035] As a further improvement, there are at least two tool mounting areas, each of which is arranged at intervals along the circumference of the cutter disc, and the lifting tool installation structure corresponding to each tool mounting area is located on a circle with the center of the cutter disc as the center, and the circle where the lifting tool installation structure is located is located between the tool mounting area and the center of the cutter disc.

[0036] The beneficial effect is that the lifting tool installation structure is set between the tool installation area and the center of the cutter disc, so that there is a suitable distance between the lifting tool installation structure and the tool installation area, ensuring that the lifting tool can work smoothly and will not cause the lifting tool to be too large.

[0037] As a further improvement, the tool mounting area and the corresponding lifting tool mounting structure are distributed on both sides of the center of the tool disc.

[0038] The beneficial effect is: since the lifting tool needs a certain lifting space when working, the lifting tool installation structure and the tool installation area are arranged on both sides of the center of the cutter disc so that there is a relatively large interval between the lifting tool installation structure and the tool installation area, which is convenient for arranging the lifting tool.

[0039] As a further improvement, at least one lifting tool installation structure group is arranged corresponding to each tool installation area, and the lifting tool installation structure group includes two lifting tool installation structures. The two lifting tool installation structures and the tool installation positions in the corresponding tool installation area are arranged according to the position relationship of the three vertices of a triangle.

[0040] The beneficial effect is: a lifting tool installation structure group is set, and a corresponding lifting tool is set for each lifting tool installation structure. Through the cooperation of two lifting tools, the left and right positions of the material can be adjusted during the lifting process. Secondly, the lifting tool installation structure group can provide a more reliable installation structure for the lifting tool, avoiding the situation where the lifting tool and the material fall during the lifting process.

[0041] As a further improvement, the lifting tool mounting structure is a lifting ring fixed to the tool mounting panel through a fixing structure.

[0042] The beneficial effect is that the lifting tool generally has a hook, and the lifting tool mounting structure is designed as a lifting ring to facilitate mounting the lifting tool on the lifting tool mounting structure.

[0043] As a further improvement, the main drive includes a drive box, the middle part of which is a central channel that runs through the front and back. The main drive also includes a drive device fixed relative to the drive box, the drive device is used to drive the cutter disc to rotate, and the rear end of the part of the drive box that encloses the central channel is sealed with a sealing plate, the sealing plate blocks the central channel to enclose a central cabin, and a central swivel joint mounting hole for installing a central swivel joint is opened in the central part of the sealing plate.

[0044] The beneficial effect is: in this way, the central channel of the main drive is utilized to form the rear end part of the central cabin, and the central cabin is integrated on the main drive. Compared with the central cabin shell that is nested and protrudes backward in the main drive to form a central cabin with a diameter smaller than the central channel of the main drive, the structure of integrating the central cabin and the main drive makes the inner diameter of the central channel of the main drive consistent with the radial dimension of the central cabin at the corresponding position. At the same time, since the sealing plate is arranged at the rear end of the part of the drive housing that surrounds the central channel, the central cabin shell with a cylindrical section is no longer arranged, and the rear end of the inner ring of the main drive is extended backward to ensure that the central cabin has a qualified axial dimension. In summary, under the premise of ensuring the radial dimension of the center cabin, the radial dimension of the main drive can be further miniaturized.

[0045] As a further improvement, the inner sealing plate is located at the position of the reducer of the driving device, the diameter of the sealing plate is larger than the diameter of the central channel and a reducer mounting hole for mounting the reducer is provided on the sealing plate.

[0046] The beneficial effect is that the plate structure that surrounds the central cabin with the drive box and the plate structure for installing the reducer are formed in one piece, and there is no need to process and manufacture the two parts of the plate structure separately, which reduces the workload of parts processing in the main drive manufacturing process and improves the convenience of main drive manufacturing.

[0047] As a further improvement, the sealing plate is a flat plate or a curved plate with a middle portion recessed into the central channel.

[0048] The beneficial effect is: the sealing plate adopts a flat plate structure or a plate structure with the middle part recessed into the central channel, so that the installation position of the center swivel joint is moved forward as much as possible, so that the center swivel joint and the elbow structure connected to the rear side of the center swivel joint are moved forward, thereby maximizing the space on the rear side of the main drive.

[0049] As a further improvement, the sealing plate is fixed to the portion of the driving housing surrounding the central channel by a welding connection structure.

[0050] The beneficial effect is that compared with bolt connection, welding can more simply and conveniently connect the sealing plate to the driving box of the main drive, and at the same time, the fixed connection structure can effectively ensure the sealing of the central cabin.

[0051] As a further improvement, the sealing plate is a flat plate, and reinforcing ribs are fixedly connected between the edge of the sealing plate of the flat plate structure and the inner wall of the central channel.

[0052] The beneficial effect is that the flat plate structure of the sealing plate makes the sealing plate easy to produce and transport. At the same time, the provision of reinforcing ribs can ensure that the sealing plate of the flat plate structure has qualified compressive strength, thereby ensuring that the central cabin has reliable pressure-bearing capacity.

[0053] As a further improvement, the reinforcing rib is connected to the inner plate surface of the sealing plate.

[0054] The beneficial effect is that, since corresponding components and pipelines need to be installed on the outer side of the sealing plate, arranging the reinforcing ribs on the inner plate surface of the sealing plate can prevent the arrangement of the reinforcing ribs from affecting the installation work of the operator.

[0055] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the material transfer method of the roadheader provided by the present invention is:

[0056] A method for transferring materials of a roadheader, wherein the method comprises transferring materials to the cutter disc by means of a carrier that is arranged in a shield body and can move toward the position of a cutter disc, placing the materials on the carrier outside a central channel of a main drive, and transferring the materials to the position of the cutter disc by passing over a cross beam at the rear side of the cutter disc along a set path. During the process of the carrier transferring the materials, the height relative to the attachment body where the carrier is located remains unchanged, and then the transferred materials are placed in corresponding installation positions. Before the transfer, the cutter disc of the roadheader is stopped at a set position to prevent the cross beam at the rear side of the cutter disc from interfering with the carrier and the materials.

[0057] The beneficial effect is that the height distance between the carrier and the attached body remains unchanged. When the material at the rear of the shield is transferred to the position of the cutter disc by this method, the carrier carries the material through the central channel of the main drive and crosses the crossbeam to directly reach the position of the cutter disc. In this process, there is no need to continue lifting the material entering the central channel of the main drive. Compared with the traditional material transfer system, there is no need to set up additional crane equipment in the chamber behind the cutter disc to connect the telescopic platform and send the telescopic platform to the material in the central channel of the main drive and lift it over the crossbeam behind the cutter disc. In this way, the chamber behind the cutter disc can be miniaturized, and then the tunnel boring machine can be miniaturized.

[0058] As a further improvement, the movement path of the carrier extends to the position where the material is lifted at the cutter disc. When placing the material, the material is first lifted from the carrier in the cutter bin or soil bin behind the cutter disc, and then the carrier and the attached body are removed, and then the material is lowered to the corresponding installation position.

[0059] The beneficial effect is that the movement path of the carrier extends to the position where the material is lifted at the cutter disc, so that the material can be transported to a position as close to the cutter disc as possible, reducing the subsequent movement of the material and the work intensity. At the same time, when placing the material, the carrier is mentioned and the attachment is removed to directly lower the material, so that the material can be conveniently transferred to the installation position.

[0060] As a further improvement, a fixed structure or a lifting tool installation structure is selected on a tool mounting panel of the cutter disc for mounting the tool or in a chamber behind the tool mounting panel to install a lifting tool for lifting the material.

[0061] The beneficial effect is that when the material is unloaded from the carrier and moved to the corresponding installation position or the disassembled parts are placed on the carrier, the lifting tool is installed on the rear side of the blade mounting panel of the cutter disc through the lifting tool installation structure, and the material is lifted by the lifting tool, thereby realizing the lifting of the material in a small-sized warehouse, reducing the labor intensity of the staff and improving the convenience of material transportation.

[0062] To achieve the above object, another technical solution of a roadheader provided by the present invention is:

[0063] A tunnel boring machine comprises a shield body, a main drive is arranged in the shield body, a cutter disc is arranged on the main drive, a crossbeam connected to the rotating part of the central swivel joint is arranged at the rear of the cutter disc, the tunnel boring machine also comprises a material transfer system, the material transfer system comprises a carrying mechanism arranged in the shield body for transferring materials between the tail of the shield body and the cutter disc, the carrying mechanism comprises a bearing body for carrying materials and an attachment body for the bearing body to be attached, the height distance between the bearing body and the attachment body remains unchanged during the bearing body transporting materials, the movement path of the bearing body passes through the main drive center channel and directly extends to the position of the cutter disc over the crossbeam, the carrying mechanism comprises a shield inner track and a material transfer trolley matched with the shield inner track, the bearing body is composed of the material transfer trolley, the attachment body is composed of the shield inner track, the shield inner track extends to the rear side of the cutter disc, and the part of the material transfer trolley used for carrying materials can be cantilevered forward relative to the shield inner track to the cutter bin of the normal pressure cutter disc or the soil bin behind the extraordinary pressure cutter disc.

[0064] The beneficial effect is that the height distance between the carrier and the attachment body remains unchanged. When the material at the rear of the shield is transferred to the position of the cutter disc by using the carrying mechanism, the carrier carries the material through the central channel of the main drive and crosses the crossbeam to directly reach the position of the cutter disc. In this process, there is no need to continue to lift the material entering the central channel of the main drive. Compared with the traditional material transfer system, there is no need to set up additional overhead crane equipment in the warehouse behind the cutter disc to continue the telescopic platform and send the telescopic platform to the material in the central channel of the main drive and lift it over the crossbeam behind the cutter disc, so that the warehouse behind the cutter disc The chamber can be miniaturized, which in turn allows the tunnel boring machine to be miniaturized. The transport mechanism adopts a structure in which a material transfer trolley cooperates with the inner track of the shield. The inner track of the shield is used to support the material transfer trolley, ensuring that the transport mechanism has a sufficiently large carrying capacity. The material transfer trolley directly transports the material to a position as close as possible to the cutter head mounting panel, reducing the subsequent workload of moving the material. At the same time, the material transfer trolley extended into the cutter bin or soil bin can be retracted, so that the setting of the transport mechanism will not affect the normal operation of the cutter disc with a cutter bin and the smooth flow of slag in the soil bin.

[0065] As a further improvement, the cutter disc is a normal pressure cutter disc, and the inner track of the shield passes through the material channel door at the main drive center channel. The inner track of the shield includes an outer door section arranged on the outside of the material channel door, an inner door section arranged on the inside of the material channel door, and a transition section for connecting the outer door section and the inner door section. The transition section is installed in the shield body through a detachable installation structure, and the length of the transition section is sufficient to allow the material channel door to open and close normally in the space vacated after disassembly.

[0066] The beneficial effect is: when transporting materials, the outer section of the door, the inner section of the door and the transition section cooperate to enable the material transfer trolley to pass through the material channel door normally and smoothly. After the material transfer is completed, the transition section is removed to ensure that the material channel door can open and close normally, so that the inner track of the shield will not affect the tightness of the closure of the material channel door, thereby ensuring that the tunnel boring machine has reliable working performance.

[0067] As a further improvement, the detachable installation structure includes a plug-in structure located on the transition section and a plug-in matching structure located in the shield body of the tunnel boring machine. The transition section is installed in the shield body by plug-in matching with the plug-in matching structure in the up and down directions.

[0068] The beneficial effect is that the transition section is subjected to pressure during operation. Based on this, the transition section is installed in the shield body with a detachable installation structure that is plugged in along the up and down directions. The pressure borne by the transition section during operation can be utilized to ensure the stable installation of the transition section in the shield body. At the same time, when installing the transition section, it is only necessary to align the plug-in structure and lower the transition section. When disassembling the transition section, it is only necessary to pick up the transition section, which makes the disassembly and assembly of the transition section extremely convenient.

[0069] As a further improvement, the rear end of the shield inner track has a locking structure for locking the position of the material transfer trolley to prevent the material transfer trolley from automatically sliding forward.

[0070] The beneficial effect is: during the excavation process, the tunnel will extend obliquely downward. At this time, the tunnel boring machine is in a downward oblique posture. A locking structure is set at the rear end of the shield inner track to prevent the material transfer trolley from sliding forward on its own, ensuring that the material transfer trolley is stably in a position to receive the material when the material is hoisted onto the material transfer trolley, ensuring the convenience of hoisting the material on the material transfer trolley, and avoiding the situation where the material transfer trolley slides on its own and accidentally injures the staff.

[0071] As a further improvement, the front end of the inner track of the shield has a stopping structure for stopping the material transfer trolley to prevent the material transfer trolley from escaping from the front end of the inner track of the shield.

[0072] The beneficial effect is: since most of the materials transferred through the material transfer system are of large weight, a stopping structure is provided at the front end of the shield inner track to stop the material transfer trolley, which can avoid the accident of the material transfer trolley loaded with materials falling out of the front end of the shield inner track, thereby ensuring the safety of the use of the tunnel boring machine.

[0073] As a further improvement, the carrying mechanism includes a telescopic mounting structure and a bearing platform mounted in the shield body through the telescopic mounting structure. The bearing platform can be retracted to the rear side of the material channel door through the telescopic mounting structure. The bearing platform constitutes the bearing body, and the telescopic mounting structure constitutes the attachment body.

[0074] The beneficial effect is: by extending the telescopic mounting structure forward, the supporting platform can be easily extended to the position of the cutter disc to realize the transfer of materials to the cutter disc. At the same time, by retracting the telescopic mounting structure backward, the supporting platform can be easily retracted to the rear side of the material channel door, avoiding the influence of the carrying mechanism on the opening and closing of the material channel door.

[0075] As a further improvement, the movement path of the carrier passes through the bottom of the main drive center channel.

[0076] The beneficial effect is that the material has a relatively low position height when it is transported to the position of the cutter disc, which reduces the labor required when subsequently lowering the material to the installation position. At the same time, the cross-section of the main drive center channel is circular, and the movement path of the carrier is designed to pass through the bottom of the main drive center channel, so that the movement path of the carrier is located in the lower center of the shield body. In this way, when the material is transported to the position of the cutter disc, the material is naturally located in the lower center of the cutter disc, which reduces the operator's adjustment workload in the left and right directions when transferring the material to the installation position, while increasing the material transfer rate.

[0077] As a further improvement, the carrier has a material tray for supporting materials, and the material tray is provided with a positioning structure for cooperating with the material packaging or the material itself to limit the inclination angle posture of the material in the left and right directions.

[0078] The beneficial effect is: since it is difficult for the cutter disc to stop at the preset position with high precision each time it stops, it is necessary to ensure that there is enough gap between the material and the beam to ensure that the material will not be blocked by the beam, thereby ensuring the smooth transfer of the material to the cutter disc position. For this purpose, a positioning structure is set on the material transfer trolley, and the positioning structure is used to tilt the outer packaging of the material or the material itself in the left and right directions, so as to increase the distance between the material or the outer packaging of the material and the beam, thereby ensuring that the material can be smoothly transported to the position of the cutter disc.

[0079] As a further improvement, the positioning structure is a positioning slope.

[0080] The beneficial effects are: the planar structure is easy to process and more wear-resistant, and designing the positioning structure as a positioning slope can reduce the difficulty of manufacturing the carrying mechanism and provide durability of the carrying mechanism. At the same time, the positioning structure of the planar structure can stably cooperate with the material or material packaging to stably position the posture of the material.

[0081] As a further improvement, the positioning structure includes a left positioning structure and a right positioning structure, and the left positioning structure and the right positioning structure are arranged symmetrically to the left and right.

[0082] The beneficial effect is: since the beam needs to stop at different positions when replacing and installing materials at different positions on the cutter disc, the beam sometimes stops at the left side of the shield inner track, and sometimes stops at the right side of the shield inner track. Correspondingly, a left positioning structure and a right positioning structure that are symmetrical on the material tray are set. In this way, the positioning structure on the corresponding side can be adaptively selected to cooperate with the material or the outer packaging of the material in combination with the actual stopping position of the beam on the rear side of the cutter disc. In this way, no matter where the material is replaced, it can be ensured that the material will not be blocked by the beam on the rear side of the cutter disc when it is transported to the position of the cutter disc, thereby ensuring the smoothness of material transportation.

[0083] As a further improvement, the tool mounting panel of the cutter disc is provided with a tool mounting position for mounting a tool, and a lifting tool mounting structure for mounting a lifting tool is fixed to the rear side of the tool mounting panel. When the cutter disc of the tunnel boring machine stops to mount the tool at the tool mounting position, the lifting tool mounting structure is located above the tool mounting position, and the distance between the lifting tool mounting structure and the tool mounting position meets the requirements for the layout of the lifting tool and the lifting distance.

[0084] The beneficial effect is: when the tool is unloaded from the carrying mechanism and moved to the corresponding tool loading position or the disassembled tool is placed on the carrying mechanism, a lifting tool is installed on the rear side of the tool loading panel of the cutter disc through the lifting tool installation structure, and the tool is lifted by the lifting tool. During lifting, the lifting tool is installed above the tool loading position through the lifting tool installation structure. The distance between the lifting tool installation structure and the tool loading position enables the lifting tool to have a lifting distance for lifting the tool, thereby realizing the lifting of materials in a small-sized warehouse, reducing the labor intensity of the staff and improving the convenience of material transportation.

[0085] As a further improvement, the tool mounting panel is provided with a tool mounting area, in which at least two tool mounting positions are arranged side by side along the radial direction of the cutter disc, and the lifting tool mounting structure is provided corresponding to the tool mounting area. The lifting tool mounting structure corresponding to the tool mounting area is arranged on the side of the tool mounting area close to the center of the cutter disc along the radial direction of the cutter disc.

[0086] The beneficial effect is that the tool loading positions are centrally arranged to form a tool loading area, and a lifting tool installation structure is provided corresponding to the tool loading area, thereby reducing the number of required lifting tool installation structures and reducing the frequency of rotating the cutter disc during tool loading and unloading, making the tool replacement operation of the tunnel boring machine more convenient.

[0087] As a further improvement, there are at least two tool mounting areas, each of which is arranged at intervals along the circumference of the cutter disc, and the lifting tool installation structure corresponding to each tool mounting area is located on a circle with the center of the cutter disc as the center, and the circle where the lifting tool installation structure is located is located between the tool mounting area and the center of the cutter disc.

[0088] The beneficial effect is that the lifting tool installation structure is set between the tool installation area and the center of the cutter disc, so that there is a suitable distance between the lifting tool installation structure and the tool installation area, ensuring that the lifting tool can work smoothly and will not cause the lifting tool to be too large.

[0089] As a further improvement, the tool mounting area and the corresponding lifting tool mounting structure are distributed on both sides of the center of the tool disc.

[0090] The beneficial effect is: since the lifting tool needs a certain lifting space when working, the lifting tool installation structure and the tool installation area are arranged on both sides of the center of the cutter disc so that there is a relatively large interval between the lifting tool installation structure and the tool installation area, which is convenient for arranging the lifting tool.

[0091] As a further improvement, at least one lifting tool installation structure group is arranged corresponding to each tool installation area, and the lifting tool installation structure group includes two lifting tool installation structures. The two lifting tool installation structures and the tool installation positions in the corresponding tool installation area are arranged according to the position relationship of the three vertices of a triangle.

[0092] The beneficial effect is: a lifting tool installation structure group is set, and a corresponding lifting tool is set for each lifting tool installation structure. Through the cooperation of two lifting tools, the left and right positions of the material can be adjusted during the lifting process. Secondly, the lifting tool installation structure group can provide a more reliable installation structure for the lifting tool, avoiding the situation where the lifting tool and the material fall during the lifting process.

[0093] As a further improvement, the lifting tool mounting structure is a lifting ring fixed to the tool mounting panel through a fixing structure.

[0094] The beneficial effect is that the lifting tool generally has a hook, and the lifting tool mounting structure is designed as a lifting ring to facilitate mounting the lifting tool on the lifting tool mounting structure.

[0095] As a further improvement, the main drive includes a drive box, the middle part of which is a central channel that runs through the front and back. The main drive also includes a drive device fixed relative to the drive box, the drive device is used to drive the cutter disc to rotate, and the rear end of the part of the drive box that encloses the central channel is sealed with a sealing plate, the sealing plate blocks the central channel to enclose a central cabin, and a central swivel joint mounting hole for installing a central swivel joint is opened in the central part of the sealing plate.

[0096] The beneficial effect is: in this way, the central channel of the main drive is utilized to form the rear end part of the central cabin, and the central cabin is integrated on the main drive. Compared with the central cabin shell that is nested and protrudes backward in the main drive to form a central cabin with a diameter smaller than the central channel of the main drive, the structure of integrating the central cabin and the main drive makes the inner diameter of the central channel of the main drive consistent with the radial dimension of the central cabin at the corresponding position. At the same time, since the sealing plate is arranged at the rear end of the part of the drive housing that surrounds the central channel, the central cabin shell with a cylindrical section is no longer arranged, and the rear end of the inner ring of the main drive is extended backward to ensure that the central cabin has a qualified axial dimension. In summary, under the premise of ensuring the radial dimension of the center cabin, the radial dimension of the main drive can be further miniaturized.

[0097] As a further improvement, the inner sealing plate is located at the position of the reducer of the driving device, the diameter of the sealing plate is larger than the diameter of the central channel and a reducer mounting hole for mounting the reducer is provided on the sealing plate.

[0098] The beneficial effect is that the plate structure that surrounds the central cabin with the drive box and the plate structure for installing the reducer are formed in one piece, and there is no need to process and manufacture the two parts of the plate structure separately, which reduces the workload of parts processing in the main drive manufacturing process and improves the convenience of main drive manufacturing.

[0099] As a further improvement, the sealing plate is a flat plate or a curved plate with a middle portion recessed into the central channel.

[0100] The beneficial effect is: the sealing plate adopts a flat plate structure or a plate structure with the middle part recessed into the central channel, so that the installation position of the center swivel joint is moved forward as much as possible, so that the center swivel joint and the elbow structure connected to the rear side of the center swivel joint are moved forward, thereby maximizing the space on the rear side of the main drive.

[0101] As a further improvement, the sealing plate is fixed to the portion of the driving housing surrounding the central channel by a welding connection structure.

[0102] The beneficial effect is that compared with bolt connection, welding can more simply and conveniently connect the sealing plate to the driving box of the main drive, and at the same time, the fixed connection structure can effectively ensure the sealing of the central cabin.

[0103] As a further improvement, the sealing plate is a flat plate, and reinforcing ribs are fixedly connected between the edge of the sealing plate of the flat plate structure and the inner wall of the central channel.

[0104] The beneficial effect is that the flat plate structure of the sealing plate makes the sealing plate easy to produce and transport. At the same time, the provision of reinforcing ribs can ensure that the sealing plate of the flat plate structure has qualified compressive strength, thereby ensuring that the central cabin has reliable pressure-bearing capacity.

[0105] As a further improvement, the reinforcing rib is connected to the inner plate surface of the sealing plate.

[0106] The beneficial effect is that, since corresponding components and pipelines need to be installed on the outer side of the sealing plate, arranging the reinforcing ribs on the inner plate surface of the sealing plate can prevent the arrangement of the reinforcing ribs from affecting the installation work of the operator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0107] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a part of the structure of Example 1 of the roadheader of the present invention;

[0108] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the layout structure of each channel on the central partition of the roadheader embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0109] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the arrangement of the shield inner track in the shield body of the tunnel boring machine embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0110] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the transition section for installing the shield inner track provided in the main drive of the tunnel boring machine embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0111] Figure 5 This is a front view of the material transfer trolley of the roadheader embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0112] Figure 6 It is a top view of the material transfer trolley of the roadheader embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0113] Figure 7 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a material transfer trolley of a roadheader embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0114] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crossbeam of Example 1 of the roadheader of the present invention in two parking states;

[0115] Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of a cutterhead mounting panel of a roadheader embodiment 1 of the present invention in a rear view state;

[0116] Fig.10It is a schematic diagram of the state of lifting materials by using the lifting ring on the rear side of the cutter panel of the cutter head of the tunnel boring machine embodiment 1 of the present invention and the lifting hoist;

[0117] Fig.11 A top view of the internal structure of the shield of the tunnel boring machine embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0118] Description of reference numerals:

[0119] 1. Shield body; 2. Main drive; 3. Cutter head; 4. Center channel; 5. Closing plate; 6. Cutter panel; 7. Cutter magazine; 8. Material channel; 9. Personnel channel; 10. Center swivel joint installation hole; 11. Center swivel joint; 12. Crossbeam; 13. First tunnel transportation unit; 14. Tunnel lifting unit; 15. Second tunnel transportation unit; 16. Shield internal lifting unit; 17. Shield internal track; 18. Material transfer trolley; 19. Foundation section; 20. Cantilever section; 21. Diagonal brace; 22. Door outer section; 23. Door inner section; 24. Transition section; 25. Plug-in foot; 26. Plug-in base; 27. Frame; 28. Wheel; 29. ​​Pallet; 30. Handle; 31. Baffle; 32. Lifting ring; 33. Elbow; 34. Arc track; 35. Left slope; 36. Right slope; 37. Cutter barrel assembly; 38. Lifting hoist; 39. Cutter installation area; 40. Motor; 41. Reducer; 42. Contour line; 43. Reducer mounting hole; 44. Cutter installation position; 45. Center channel wall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0120] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention, that is, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0121] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0122] It should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" that may appear are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, terms such as "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements that are not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, elements defined by the sentence "including a...", etc., do not exclude the process or method that includes the elements.

[0123] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" that may appear should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0124] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "provided with" that may appear should be understood in a broad sense. For example, the object "provided with" may be a part of the body, or may be arranged separately from the body and connected to the body, and the connection may be a detachable connection or an inseparable connection. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0125] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0126] A specific embodiment 1 of the tunnel boring machine provided by the present invention, in this embodiment, the tunnel boring machine is a normal pressure cutter disc muddy water tunnel boring machine, the material is a cutter barrel assembly 37 composed of a cutter and a cutter barrel, and the material transfer operation is to transfer the material to the cutter disc as an example to introduce the structure of the tunnel boring machine and the material transfer method in the present invention, as follows:

[0127] Part of the structure of the tunnel boring machine provided in this embodiment is as follows Figure 1 As shown, it includes a shield body 1, a main drive 2 is arranged in the shield body 1, the main drive 2 has a drive box, and a cutter disc 3 is installed on the main drive 2 through a cutter disc installation structure. In order to drive the cutter disc to rotate, the main drive 2 also has a driving device, such as Figure 3As shown, the drive device includes a motor 40 and a reducer 41 fixed relative to the drive housing. In this embodiment, the cutter disc 3 is a normal pressure cutter disc, having a tool mounting panel 6 for mounting a tool and a tool chamber 7 located at the rear side of the tool mounting panel 6. The middle part of the main drive 2 is the central channel 4. In addition, the part of the drive housing that encloses the central channel 4 is defined as the central channel wall 45. A sealing plate 5 is welded and sealed on the rear end surface of the central channel wall 45. The sealing plate 5 is used to seal the rear side of the central channel 4 to enclose the central chamber. The tool chamber and the central chamber constitute a chamber on the rear side of the cutter disc 3 of the tunnel boring machine.

[0128] like Figure 2 As shown, the sealing plate 5 is provided with a material channel 8, a personnel channel 9, a center swivel joint installation hole 10 and other related channels. The center swivel joint installation hole 10 is located at the center of the sealing plate 5, and is used to realize the installation of the center swivel joint 11 in the shield body 1. The material channel 8 and the personnel channel 9 are used for materials and personnel to enter and exit the center cabin. Other related channels are used to realize the connection between electrical components such as sensors and related pipelines and circuits and the center cabin. Corresponding to the material channel 8 and the personnel channel 9, a material channel door and a personnel channel door (not shown in the figure) are also provided to meet the sealing and pressure resistance of the center cabin. Regarding the setting position of the material channel 8, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the material channel 8 is arranged directly below the central swivel joint mounting hole 10 , and the bottom of the material channel 8 is located at the bottom of the central channel 4 .

[0129] like Figure 1 As shown, an eight-shaped crossbeam 12 is provided between the rear side of the cutter disc 3 and the central swivel joint 11, and the crossbeam 12 is used to rigidly connect the rotating part of the central swivel joint 11 to the cutter disc 3, and the cutter disc 3 is used to drive the rotating part of the central swivel joint 11 to rotate.

[0130] In order to transfer the material to the position of the cutter disc 3 and to transport the material removed from the cutter disc 3 outward, a material transfer system is also provided in the tunnel boring machine. Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the material transfer system includes a first tunnel transport unit 13 located in the tunnel behind the shield, a tunnel hoisting unit 14, a second tunnel transport unit 15, a shield body hoisting unit 16, and a transport mechanism located in the shield body, the transport mechanism includes a transport body and an attachment, and is used to transport the material at the tail of the shield to the position of the cutter head. Regarding the specific structure of the transport mechanism, in this embodiment, the attachment of the transport mechanism is specifically a shield inner track 17, and the carrier is a material transfer trolley 18 that cooperates with the shield inner track 17.

[0131] like Figure 1As shown, the inner track 17 of the shield extends from outside the central cabin to inside the central cabin through the bottom of the material channel 8, and passes through the lower part of the crossbeam 12 to extend into the tool bin 7 of the cutter disc 3. In this way, the movement path of the material transfer cart 18 serving as a carrier passes through the bottom of the central channel 4 and extends from under the crossbeam 12 to the tool bin 7 of the cutter disc 3.

[0132] like Figure 3 As shown, to ensure the normal rotation of the cutter disc 3, the shield inner track 17 is a split structure, specifically including a cantilever section 20 whose front end extends into the cutter bin 7, and a base section 19 located at the rear side of the cantilever section 20. When working, the cantilever section 20 is docked with the base section 19, so that the material transfer trolley 18 can transport the material to the cutter bin 7 through the lower side of the beam 12. When the cutter disc 3 needs to be operated, the cantilever section 20 is removed. In this embodiment, the shield inner track 17 passes through the area where the beam 12 rotates, so the structure connecting the base section 19 and the cantilever section 20 is located at the rear side of the beam 12, so that the base section 19 will not interfere with the rotation of the beam 12.

[0133] As for the docking method between the cantilever section 20 and the base section 19, in this embodiment, the wheel rails of the cantilever section 20, the base section 19 and the material transfer trolley 18 are directly pinned and docked. At the same time, since the cantilever section 20 directly extends into the knife bin 7, in order to prevent the cantilever section 20 from rotating around the pinned pin to ensure the horizontal posture of the cantilever section 20, a diagonal brace 21 is fixed on the part of the cantilever section 20 extending into the knife bin 7. The diagonal brace 21 supports and cooperates with the inner wall surface of the knife bin 7 backward to ensure that the cantilever section 20 can maintain a horizontal posture and has sufficient support strength. Based on the setting of the diagonal brace 21, the cantilever section 20 and the base section 19 can be pinned with a single row of pinned shafts. Of course, in order to ensure the reliability of the connection, two or more rows of pinned shafts arranged side by side in the front-to-back direction can also be used for pinning.

[0134] Since the base section 19 extends from outside the central cabin to inside the central cabin, in order to ensure that the material channel door can be opened and closed normally, the base section 19 is also a split structure, including an outer door section 22 located at the rear side of the material channel door, an inner door section 23 located at the inner side of the material channel door, and a transition section 24 connected between the inner door section 23 and the outer door section 22. The transition section 24 can be detachably installed in the shield body 1, and its length is sufficient to allow the material channel door to be opened and closed normally after the space it vacates after disassembly. For the detachable installation structure of the transition section 24 in the shield body 1, such as Figure 4 As shown, a plug-in base 26 is fixed on the inner wall surface of the fixed part of the main drive 2, and correspondingly, a plug-in pin 25 is arranged at the lower part of the transition section 24, and a slot for plugging and cooperating with the plug-in base 26 is provided at the bottom of the plug-in pin 25. When installing the transition section 24, the installation of the transition section 24 between the inner door section 23 and the outer door section 22 can be achieved by plugging and cooperating with the plug-in pin 25 and the plug-in base 26. When the material channel door needs to be opened and closed, the transition section 24 can be removed.

[0135] The material transfer trolley 18 specifically includes a running device that cooperates with the inner track 17 of the shield and a material tray arranged on the running device. Specifically, Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the running device of the material transfer trolley 18 in this embodiment includes a frame 27 and wheels 28 arranged on the frame 27 and matched with the shield inner track 17. The material tray is a support plate 29 arranged on the running device. When in use, the material is placed on the support plate 29. In order to facilitate the operator to push the material transfer trolley 18, a handle 30 is also provided on the material transfer trolley 18. In other embodiments, the material tray can also be a non-plate type structure, such as a frame type structure.

[0136] like Figure 8 As shown, when the tool on the cutter disc 3 is replaced, the corresponding tool installation position will stop at the six o'clock position. At this time, the side beam 12 behind the cutter disc 3 is in an inclined state, and the material transport trolley 18 carries the material to the position of the cutter disc 3. Since the cutter disc 3 is difficult to stop at the set position with high precision, it is necessary to ensure that there is a sufficient distance between the beam 12 and the knife barrel assembly 37 located on the material transfer trolley 18 to prevent the beam 12 from interfering with the knife barrel assembly 37. For this purpose, a positioning structure is set on the material transfer trolley 18. In this embodiment, since the transported material is the knife barrel assembly 37, a tool with a lifting ear is set for the material to facilitate lifting. Therefore, the positioning structure and the tool outside the material are used to limit the left and right inclination angle of the material, thereby increasing the distance between the material and the tool and the beam 12 in the left and right directions. In this embodiment, the positioning structure includes a left positioning structure and a right positioning structure. Specifically, the left positioning structure and the right positioning structure are a left inclined surface 35 and a right inclined surface 36 set at the front end of the support plate 29, and the two inclined surfaces are symmetrical. Correspondingly, a plane structure is provided on the tooling for mounting the tool, and the plane structure on the tooling cooperates with the left positioning structure or the right positioning structure to limit the inclination angle of the knife barrel assembly and the tooling, ensuring that the knife barrel assembly and the tooling will not interfere with the crossbeam 12. In other embodiments, the positioning structure can cooperate directly with the material, or with other packaging other than the tooling, such as a packaging box.

[0137] In addition, since the tunnel may extend obliquely downward during the excavation process, the shield body 1 of the tunnel boring machine is in an oblique downward posture at this time. In order to prevent the material transfer cart 18 from automatically sliding forward under the action of gravity, a locking structure is also provided at the rear end of the inner track 17 of the shield. The material transfer cart 18 is locked by the locking structure to prevent the material transfer cart 18 from sliding forward by itself. In the present embodiment, the locking structure is specifically a locking plate fixed in the shield body 1. A locking hole is provided on the locking plate. Correspondingly, a locking hole matching hole is provided on the material transfer cart. The position of the material transfer cart 18 is locked by inserting a locking pin through the locking hole and the locking hole matching hole. In addition, since most of the materials transported by the material transfer system are of relatively large weight, if Figure 3 As shown, a stopping structure for stopping the material transfer trolley 18 is provided at the front end of the shield inner track 17. By stopping the material transfer trolley 18 through the stopping structure, the accident of the material transfer trolley 18 carrying materials falling out of the front end of the shield inner track 17 can be avoided. As for the specific form of the stopping structure, in this embodiment, the stopping structure is a baffle 31, and in other embodiments, the stopping structure can be any structure that can stop the material transfer trolley 18 to prevent it from falling out of the track forward, such as a stopper.

[0138] The structure of the knife disc 3 is as follows Fig. 9 As shown, a lifting tool installation structure is fixed to the rear side of the knife panel 6 of the knife disc 3. In this embodiment, the lifting tool installation structure is specifically a lifting ring 32. In this way, after the material is transported to the knife bin 7, since the small size of the knife bin 7 and the central cabin cannot be equipped with a lifting device, it can be as shown in FIG. Fig.10 As shown, the material is lifted by fixing the lifting hoist 38 on the lifting ring 32. As for the fixing method of the lifting ring 32 on the knife mounting panel 6, it can be fixed on the knife mounting panel by a welding direct fixing structure, and the mounting seat can be fixed on the knife mounting panel, and then the lifting ring 32 is fixed on the mounting seat indirectly to the knife mounting panel 6, and at this time, the mounting seat constitutes a fixing structure for fixing the lifting ring on the knife mounting panel.

[0139] like Fig. 9 As shown, the knife panel 6 has a knife installation area 39 formed by centrally arranging knife installation positions 44, so a lifting tool installation structure is correspondingly provided for each knife installation area. In this embodiment, four knife installation areas 39 are provided on the knife installation panel 6, and the four knife installation areas 39 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the knife disc, and a lifting tool installation structure is provided for each knife installation area 39. Specifically, as Fig.10As shown, the tool mounting area 39 and the corresponding lifting tool installation structure are distributed on both sides of the center of the cutter disc to meet the requirements of the distance between the lifting hoist 38 and the tool installation position when the lifting hoist 38 is working. Overall, the lifting tool installation structures corresponding to all tool mounting areas 39 are located on a circle with the center of the cutter disc as the center, and the circle is located between the tool mounting area 39 and the center of the cutter disc to avoid excessive distance between the lifting tool installation structure and the corresponding tool mounting area 39.

[0140] In this embodiment, a lifting tool installation structure group is specifically set for each tool installation area, and a lifting tool installation structure group includes two lifting tool installation structures, that is, two lifting rings 32. Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown in the figure, the lifting tool installation structure group corresponding to the tool installation area 39 is located on both sides of the tool installation area opposite to the tool installation area 39, so as to avoid the setting of the lifting tool installation structure affecting the subsequent tool installation operation at the tool installation position nearby. This setting makes the two lifting tool installation structures and the target tool installation position form a triangle with three vertices, so that it can be arranged according to Fig.10 As shown, two lifting hoists 38 are used to lift the knife cylinder assembly 37. During the lifting process, the position of the knife cylinder assembly 37 can be adjusted in the left and right directions by adjusting the length of the lifting ropes of the two lifting hoists 38.

[0141] For sealing plate 5, Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the sealing plate 5 is a flat plate structure, and the central channel 4 of the main drive 2 is used to enclose the central cabin. In this way, the inner track 17 of the shield used to transport materials is directly laid on the bottom of the inner wall of the central channel 4 of the main drive, so that the laying position of the inner track 17 of the shield is as low as possible. Under the premise of ensuring that the radial dimension of the central cabin is qualified, the radial dimension of the central channel 4 of the main drive can be minimized as much as possible, thereby making the radial dimension of the main drive as small as possible, which is convenient for realizing the miniaturization of the tunnel boring machine. At the same time, Fig.11 As shown, the partition 5 adopts a flat plate structure, so that the elbow 33 of the pipeline connected to the central swivel joint 11 is arranged relatively forward, leaving a larger space on the rear side of the main drive 2, so that the materials hoisted by the hoisting unit 16 in the shield body can fall smoothly onto the material transfer trolley 18.

[0142] In the present embodiment, the sealing plate 5 is fixed to the rear end face of the central channel wall 22 of the main drive 2 by welding. To ensure that the sealing plate 5 has qualified pressure resistance, in the present embodiment, reinforcing ribs (not shown in the figure) are welded between the inner plate surface of the sealing plate 5 and the central channel wall 22 of the main drive 2, thereby ensuring that the central cabin has qualified pressure resistance.

[0143] In order to ensure that the central cabin has a suitable axial size, the rear end of the central channel wall 22 of the main drive 2 extends backward to a suitable position. In this embodiment, the rear end of the central channel wall 22 of the main drive extends to the position where the reducer 41 is located. Based on this, Figure 2 As shown, the diameter of the sealing plate 5 is set larger than the diameter of the central channel 4 of the main drive, and a reducer mounting hole 43 for mounting the reducer 41 is opened on the portion of the sealing plate 5 outside the contour line 42 of the central channel 4, and the plate structure surrounding the central cabin and the structure for fixing the reducer 41 are integrated to reduce the number of parts processing procedures in the production process of the main drive. Of course, under the premise of meeting the axial size requirements of the central cabin, the rear end of the portion of the drive housing surrounding the central channel 4 can also be located in front of the reducer.

[0144] In other embodiments, the sealing plate can be designed to have a radial dimension comparable to that of the central channel of the main drive, so that the sealing plate is set in the central channel of the main drive, and the reinforcing ribs are connected between the rear side plate surface of the sealing plate and the inner wall of the central channel of the main drive. Of course, if the structural strength of the sealing plate itself can ensure that the central cabin has a qualified compressive strength, the reinforcing ribs may not be set. As for the fixing method of the sealing plate on the main drive, in other embodiments, the sealing plate can be fixed to the rear end of the central channel wall of the main drive by bolts.

[0145] In the present invention, the central channel 4 of the main drive 2 is utilized, and the sealing plate 2 cooperates with the central channel wall of the main drive 2 to enclose the central cabin, and the central cabin is integrated on the main drive, so that the radial dimension of the central cabin at the radial corresponding position is the radial dimension of the central channel 4 of the main drive 2. Based on this, under the premise of ensuring that the radial dimension of the central cabin is qualified, the radial dimension of the central channel 4 of the main drive 2 can be as small as possible. Under this concept, for the specific fixing structure of the sealing plate 5 on the central channel wall of the main drive 2, any fixing structure that can fix the sealing plate to the rear end of the central channel wall 22 can be adopted.

[0146] Here, the material transfer method of the tunnel boring machine in the present invention is introduced by taking the transfer of the tool to the cutter disc 3 as an example. Specifically, the cutter disc 3 is rotated so that the tool loading position where the tool needs to be replaced is at the six o'clock position and then stopped. At this time, the corresponding lifting tool installation structure is located directly above the tool loading position 44. The first tunnel transportation unit 13 is used to transport the knife barrel assembly 37 and the tooling to the end of the tunnel lifting unit 14, and then the tunnel lifting unit 14 is used to lift the knife barrel assembly 37 forward. After lifting it to the position of the second tunnel transportation unit 15, the second tunnel transportation unit 15 continues to transport it forward. After being transported to the position of the lifting unit 16 in the shield body, the lifting unit 16 in the shield body lifts the knife barrel assembly 3 7 is hoisted into the shield body 1, and at the end of the hoisting stroke of the hoisting unit 16 in the shield body, the knife cylinder assembly 37 is hoisted to the middle of the shield body 1 through the arc track 34, and then the material is placed on the material transfer trolley 18, and the positioning structure on the material transfer trolley cooperates with the tooling positioning on the outside of the knife cylinder assembly 37 to limit the inclination angle of the knife cylinder assembly 37 in the left and right directions, and the material transfer trolley transports the knife cylinder assembly 37 to the knife bin 7 along the inner track 17 of the shield, and the lifting hoist 38 is fixed on the knife mounting panel 6 to cooperate with the tooling to lift the knife cylinder assembly 37, and then the material transfer trolley 18 is moved backward, the cantilever section 20 is removed, and the knife cylinder assembly 37 is lowered to the installation position for subsequent installation. Of course, in other embodiments, the lifting ring 32 may not be set on the rear side of the knife mounting panel 6, but other fixed structures in the knife bin are used to install the lifting hoist.

[0147] Since the material channel 8 is located directly below the central swivel joint mounting hole 10 and the bottom is located at the bottom of the central channel 4 of the main drive 2, the height dimension of the material channel is ensured to be as large as possible to facilitate the passage of materials. The movement trajectory of the material transfer trolley 18 passes directly under the crossbeam 12, and the material can be directly transported from the lower side of the crossbeam 12 to the position of the cutterhead 3. In this process, the height distance between the material transfer trolley 18 as a carrier and the shield inner track 17 as an attachment body of the carrier remains unchanged, that is, the transport mechanism does not involve the continuous lifting of the material. Naturally, there is no need to set up a crane in the chamber behind the cutterhead. The setting of the material transfer system has lower requirements on the size of the chamber behind the cutterhead, so that the miniaturization design of the tunnel boring machine can be realized. In this embodiment, the diameter of the tunnel boring machine is a small-sized tunnel boring machine of the seven-meter class, and correspondingly, the diameter of the central channel 4 is two meters. Such a material transfer system allows the tunnel boring machine to be miniaturized, and it is naturally applicable to tunnel boring machines with large diameters. In other words, the tunnel boring machine in the present invention can also be a large-sized tunnel boring machine.

[0148] In this embodiment, the tunnel boring machine in the present invention is introduced by taking the lifting tool as a lifting hoist as an example. In other embodiments, the lifting tool can also be any miniaturized lifting tool that can be installed on the cutter disc to lift materials, such as a lifting gear set that can achieve labor-saving lifting of materials.

[0149] The specific embodiment 2 of the tunnel boring machine provided by the present invention differs from the embodiment 1 mainly in that: in the embodiment 1, the cross beam on the rear side of the cutter disc is an S-shaped beam, while in the present embodiment, the cross beam is any structure that can be connected between the cutter disc and the rotating part of the center swivel joint so that the cutter disc can drive the rotating part of the center swivel joint. For example, the cross beam can be a straight-line beam, and the two ends of the straight-line cross beam are connected to the cutter disc by connecting arms extending in the front-to-back direction, and the middle is connected to the rotating part of the center swivel joint by connecting arms extending in the front-to-back direction.

[0150] The specific embodiment 3 of the tunnel boring machine provided by the present invention is different from the embodiment 1 mainly in that: in the embodiment 1, the movement path of the material transfer trolley passes through the bottom of the main drive center cabin, in this embodiment, the material channel is opened beside the rotary center mounting hole, so that the movement path of the material transfer trolley passes through the side of the center channel. For this structure, when transferring materials, the crossbeam can be turned to a vertical state, so that the materials pass by the side of the crossbeam. Of course, in other embodiments, the material channel can also be opened above the center rotary joint mounting hole, so that the movement path of the material transfer trolley passes through the upper middle part of the center channel, and the materials carried pass over the crossbeam.

[0151] The specific embodiment 4 of the tunnel boring machine provided by the present invention mainly differs from the embodiment 1 in that: in the embodiment 1, the carrier of the transport mechanism is a material transfer trolley, and the attachment body is a track inside the shield. In the present embodiment, the carrier is a carrier platform installed in the shield body through a telescopic mounting structure. The telescopic mounting structure constitutes the attachment body. The carrier platform can be retracted to the rear side of the material channel door through the telescopic mounting structure to ensure that the transport mechanism will not affect the opening and closing of the material channel door. The telescopic mounting structure described here can be a telescopic section with multiple sections that can be retracted, or the carrier platform itself can be retracted relative to the attachment body. The carrier platform can extend into the knife bin. Of course, the carrier platform can also extend to the location of the knife bin but not into the knife bin. At this time, a lifting hoist can be installed in the knife bin to connect with the material, and then the material can be swung into the knife bin.

[0152] The specific embodiment 5 of the tunnel boring machine provided by the present invention is mainly different from the embodiment 1 in that: in the embodiment 1, the carrier of the carrier mechanism is a material transfer trolley, and the attachment body is a track. In this embodiment, the attachment body of the carrier mechanism is a zipline extending from the outside of the central cabin to the cutter disc, and the carrier is a lifting tray attached to the zipline. The zipline can be connected to the cutter bin to directly transport the material to the cutter bin. Of course, the zipline can also be connected outside the cutter bin to transport the material to the position where the cutter disc is located but outside the cutter bin. In this case, a lifting hoist can be installed in the cutter bin to connect with the material, and then the material can be swung into the cutter bin.

[0153] The specific embodiment 6 of the tunnel boring machine provided by the present invention mainly differs from the embodiment 1 in that: in the embodiment 1, the front end of the shield inner track extends into the cutter bin, so that the material transfer trolley can deliver the material into the cutter bin. In this embodiment, the front end of the shield inner track extends to the position of the cutter disc and is located outside the cutter bin. The part of the material transfer trolley used to carry the material can be cantilevered forward into the cutter bin relative to the shield inner track, so that the material transfer trolley can transport the material into the cutter bin, and the transport mechanism will not affect the operation of the cutter disc. The position of the front end of the shield inner track can be specifically set at the rear side of the beam, so that the shield inner track will not affect the rotation of the beam. Of course, the shield inner track can pass under the rotation area of ​​the beam, and at this time, it is not necessary to set the front end of the shield inner track at the rear side of the beam.

[0154] The specific embodiment 7 of the tunnel boring machine provided by the present invention differs from the embodiment 1 mainly in that: in the embodiment 1, the inner track of the shield passes through the rotating area of ​​the beam, and correspondingly, the front end section of the inner track of the shield is designed as a detachable cantilever section, and the structure connecting the base section and the cantilever section is located behind the beam. In this embodiment, the inner track of the shield passes below or above the rotating area of ​​the beam, so that the inner track of the shield will not interfere with the rotating beam. Based on this, the structure connecting the base section and the cantilever section may not be located behind the beam.

[0155] The specific embodiment 8 of the tunnel boring machine provided by the present invention is different from the embodiment 1 mainly in that: in the embodiment 1, the transport mechanism directly transports the material to the cutter bin, while in the present embodiment, the transport mechanism transports the material to the position where the cutter disc is located but not to the cutter bin. Specifically, the inner track of the shield passes under the rotation area of ​​the beam but does not extend into the cutter bin. At this time, there is no need to design the front end of the inner track of the shield as a detachable cantilever section. When transporting materials, when the bearing platform moves to the end of the stroke, the lifting hoist set in the cutter bin is connected to the material, and then the material is swung into the cutter bin. Of course, the inner track of the shield can also pass through the rotation area of ​​the beam. At this time, the connection structure between the cantilever section and the base section is set at the rear side of the beam.

[0156] The specific embodiment 9 of the roadheader provided by the present invention is mainly different from the embodiment 1 in that: in the embodiment 1, the cantilever section and the base section are directly detachably connected to each other, while in the present embodiment, the cantilever section and the base section are telescopically assembled, and the retraction amount of the cantilever section in the base section can ensure that the cantilever section as a whole can be retracted to the rear side of the crossbeam. Of course, in other embodiments, a connection structure that can be detachably connected to a fixed object near the base section, such as a cutter head, can be provided on the cantilever section to realize the butt connection between the cantilever section and the base section.

[0157] The specific embodiment 10 of the tunnel boring machine provided by the present invention is mainly different from the embodiment 1 in that: in the embodiment 1, the portion of the shield inner track corresponding to the material channel door can be detachably installed in the shield body, so that the shield inner track will not affect the opening and closing of the material channel door. In this embodiment, the portion of the shield inner track that matches the material channel door is fixed in the shield body. In order to ensure that the material channel door can be opened and closed normally, the shield inner track is designed as a single track. At the same time, the material channel door is designed as a double-leaf door. The part where the two double-leaf doors meet is provided with an avoidance groove that matches the shape of the shield inner track. When the material channel door is closed, the two material channel doors clamp the shield inner track and achieve a sealed fit. Of course, in other embodiments, the track surface of the inner track can also be made flush with the lower edge of the material channel door.

[0158] The specific embodiment 11 of the tunnel boring machine provided by the present invention differs from the embodiment 1 mainly in that: in the embodiment 1, the transition section is installed in the shield body by a detachable installation structure in the form of plug-in, and in the present embodiment, the detachable installation structure includes left and right extending ear plates arranged on the track, and fixing holes are provided on the ear plates, and corresponding fixing seats are arranged in the shield body, and fixing hole matching holes are provided on the fixing seats, and the transition section is detachably fixed in the shield body by means of a bolt and nut assembly cooperating with the fixing hole and the fixing hole matching hole.

[0159] The specific embodiment 12 of the tunnel boring machine provided by the present invention differs from the embodiment 1 mainly in that: in the embodiment 1, the locking structure at the rear end of the inner track of the shield is a pin-connected locking structure, while in this embodiment, the locking structure at the rear end of the inner track of the shield is a stopper that can be detachably installed on the inner track of the shield. When the material transfer cart needs to be locked, the stopper is installed on the track to cooperate with the wheel stop of the material transfer cart.

[0160] The specific embodiment 13 of the tunnel boring machine provided by the present invention differs from the embodiment 1 mainly in that: in the embodiment 1, the positioning structure on the material transfer cart is an inclined plane, while in the present embodiment, the positioning structure is protrusions arranged side by side on the front end surface of the tray, and the vertical plane where the front ends of the protrusions arranged side by side are located is an inclined plane inclined in the front-to-back direction.

[0161] The specific embodiment 14 of the tunnel boring machine provided by the present invention is different from the embodiment 1 mainly in that the lifting tool installation structure in the embodiment 1 is a lifting ring, while in this embodiment, the lifting tool installation structure is a hook.

[0162] The specific embodiment 15 of the tunnel boring machine provided by the present invention differs from the embodiment 1 mainly in that: in the embodiment 1, the tool mounting area and the corresponding lifting tool mounting structure are distributed on both sides of the center of the cutter disc, while in the present embodiment, the tool mounting area and the corresponding lifting tool mounting structure are distributed on the same side of the center of the cutter disc.

[0163] The specific embodiment 16 of the tunnel boring machine provided by the present invention is different from the embodiment 1 mainly in that: in the embodiment 1, a lifting tool installation structure group is set for the tool installation area, while in this embodiment, a lifting tool installation structure is set for the tool installation area.

[0164] The specific embodiment 17 of the tunnel boring machine provided by the present invention differs from the embodiment 1 mainly in that: in the embodiment 1, the circumferential inner wall of the center cabin is formed by the inner wall of the main drive inner ring, while in the present embodiment, a central convex backward is fixed at the rear end of the main drive inner ring and the inner cavity directly constitutes the sealing plate of the center cabin.

[0165] The specific embodiment 18 of the roadheader provided by the present invention is different from the embodiment 1 mainly in that: in the embodiment 1, the sealing plate is a flat plate, while in the present embodiment, the sealing plate is a curved plate with a middle portion concave toward the central channel. Of course, in other embodiments, the sealing plate can also be a curved plate with a middle portion convex backward.

[0166] The specific embodiment 19 of the tunnel boring machine provided by the present invention is different from the embodiment 1 mainly in that: in the embodiment 1, the structure of the tunnel boring machine and the material transfer method in the present invention are introduced by taking the tunnel boring machine as a normal pressure cutterhead muddy water tunnel boring machine as an example. In this embodiment, the tunnel boring machine is an earth pressure / open type tunnel boring machine. Specifically, the fixed partition at the front end of the inner ring of the main drive blocks the central channel of the main drive and surrounds the earth bin, and the material channel is opened on the fixed partition. The transport mechanism transports the material to the earth bin. Of course, in other embodiments, the tunnel boring machine is any other tunnel boring machine that can be provided with the above-mentioned material transfer system.

[0167] The embodiment of the material transfer method of the tunnel boring machine in the present invention is the same as the material transfer operation method involved in any of the above-mentioned tunnel boring machine embodiments 1-19, and will not be described in detail here.

[0168] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments without creative work, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A roadheader, comprising a shield body, a main drive arranged in the shield body, a cutter disc arranged on the main drive, a crossbeam connected to the rotating part of the central swivel joint arranged at the rear of the cutter disc, the roadheader also comprising a material transfer system, the material transfer system comprising a transport mechanism arranged in the shield body for transferring materials between the tail of the shield body and the cutter disc, wherein: The transport mechanism includes a carrier for carrying materials and an attachment for the carrier to attach. The height distance between the carrier and the attachment remains unchanged during the process of transporting materials. The movement path of the carrier passes through the central channel of the main drive and directly crosses the crossbeam to extend to the position of the cutter disc. The transport mechanism includes an inner shield track and a material transfer trolley that cooperates with the inner shield track. The carrier is composed of the material transfer trolley, and the attachment is composed of the inner shield track. The inner shield track is a split structure that is split in the front and rear directions. The front end is a cantilever section that extends into the knife bin of the normal pressure cutter disc or the soil bin behind the extraordinary pressure cutter disc. The rear side of the cantilever section is a base section located outside the knife bin or the soil bin. The cantilever section is detachably connected to the base section or telescopically assembled to the base section or detachably connected to a fixed object near the base section to dock with the base section, so that the cantilever section can be moved out of the knife bin or the soil bin.

2. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cantilever section (20) is butted against the base section (19), and the position where the base section (19) and the cantilever section (20) are butted against is located at the rear side of the cross beam (12), or the cantilever section (20) is telescopically assembled on the base section (19), and the amount of retraction of the cantilever section (20) on the base section (19) is sufficient to ensure that the cantilever section (20) as a whole can be retracted to the rear side of the cross beam (12); Alternatively, the inner track (17) of the shield extends to the rear side of the crossbeam (12), and the part of the material transfer trolley (18) used to carry materials can be cantilevered forward relative to the inner track (17) of the shield to the knife bin (7) of the normal pressure type knife disc (3) or the soil bin at the rear side of the extraordinary pressure type knife disc (3).

3. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The cantilever section (20) is detachably butt-jointed with the base section (19), and a diagonal brace (21) is fixed to the cantilever section (20) for supporting and cooperating with a nearby fixed object in a rearward direction.

4. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The cutter disc (3) is a normal pressure cutter disc. The shield inner track (17) passes through the material channel door at the central channel (4) of the main drive (2). The shield inner track (17) comprises an outer door section (22) arranged on the outer side of the material channel door, an inner door section (23) arranged on the inner side of the material channel door, and a transition section (24) for connecting the outer door section (22) and the inner door section (23). The transition section (24) is installed in the shield body (1) through a detachable installation structure. The length of the transition section (24) is sufficient to allow the material channel door to open and close normally after the space vacated by the transition section (24) is removed.

5. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The detachable installation structure comprises a plug-in structure located on the transition section (24) and a plug-in matching structure located in the shield body (1) of the tunnel boring machine, and the transition section (24) is installed in the shield body (1) by plugging and matching the plug-in structure with the plug-in matching structure in the up and down directions.

6. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The rear end of the shield inner track (17) has a locking structure for locking the position of the material transfer trolley (18) to prevent the material transfer trolley (18) from automatically sliding forward.

7. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The front end of the shield inner track (17) has a blocking structure for blocking the material transfer trolley (18) to prevent the material transfer trolley (18) from escaping from the front end of the shield inner track (17).

8. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carrying mechanism comprises a telescopic mounting structure and a bearing platform mounted in the shield body (1) via the telescopic mounting structure. The bearing platform can be retracted to the rear side of the material channel (8) door via the telescopic mounting structure. The bearing platform constitutes the bearing body, and the telescopic mounting structure constitutes the attachment body.

9. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, 2 or 8, characterized in that: The movement path of the carrier passes through the bottom of the central channel (4) of the main drive (2).

10. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, 2 or 8, characterized in that: The carrier has a material tray for supporting materials, and the material tray is provided with a positioning structure for cooperating with the material packaging or the material itself to limit the inclination angle of the material in the left and right directions.

11. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 10, characterized in that: The positioning structure is a positioning inclined surface.

12. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 10, characterized in that: The positioning structure comprises a left positioning structure and a right positioning structure, and the left positioning structure and the right positioning structure are arranged symmetrically.

13. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, 2 or 8, characterized in that: The tool mounting panel (6) of the cutter disc (3) is provided with a tool mounting position (44) for mounting a tool, and a lifting tool mounting structure for mounting a lifting tool is fixed to the rear side of the tool mounting panel (6). When the cutter disc of the tunnel boring machine is stopped to mount a tool at the tool mounting position (44), the lifting tool mounting structure is located above the tool mounting position (44), and the distance between the lifting tool mounting structure and the tool mounting position (44) meets the requirements for the arrangement of the lifting tool and the lifting distance.

14. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 13, characterized in that: The knife mounting panel (6) has a knife mounting area (39), and at least two knife mounting positions (44) are arranged in parallel along the radial direction of the knife disc (3) in the knife mounting area (39). The lifting tool mounting structure is provided corresponding to the knife mounting area (39), and the lifting tool mounting structure corresponding to the knife mounting area (39) is arranged on a side of the knife mounting area (39) close to the center of the knife disc (3) along the radial direction of the knife disc (3).

15. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 14, characterized in that: There are at least two tool mounting areas (39), each tool mounting area (39) is arranged at intervals along the circumference of the cutter disc (3), and a lifting tool installation structure corresponding to each tool mounting area (39) is located on a circle with the center of the cutter disc (3) as the center, and the circle where the lifting tool installation structure is located is located between the tool mounting area (39) and the center of the cutter disc (3).

16. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 14, characterized in that: The tool mounting area (39) and the corresponding lifting tool mounting structure are distributed on both sides of the center of the tool disc (3).

17. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 14, characterized in that: At least one lifting tool installation structure group is provided corresponding to each tool installation area (39), and the lifting tool installation structure group includes two lifting tool installation structures, and the two lifting tool installation structures and the tool installation positions (44) in the corresponding tool installation area are arranged according to the positional relationship of the three vertices of a triangle.

18. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 13, characterized in that: The lifting tool mounting structure is a lifting ring (32) fixed on the tool mounting panel (6) via a fixing structure.

19. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, 2 or 8, characterized in that: The main drive (2) comprises a drive housing, the middle portion of which is a central channel (4) extending from front to back. The main drive (2) further comprises a drive device fixed relative to the drive housing, the drive device being used to drive the cutter head (3) to rotate. The rear end of the portion of the drive housing that encloses the central channel (4) is sealed with a sealing plate (5), the sealing plate (5) blocks the rear end of the central channel (4) to enclose a central cabin, and a central swivel joint mounting hole (10) for mounting a central swivel joint (11) is provided in the central portion of the sealing plate (5).

20. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 19, characterized in that: The sealing plate (5) is located at the position where the reducer (41) of the driving device is located, the diameter of the sealing plate (5) is larger than the diameter of the central channel (4), and a reducer mounting hole (43) for mounting the reducer (41) is provided on the sealing plate (5).

21. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 19, characterized in that: The sealing plate (5) is a flat plate or a curved plate with a middle portion recessed into the central channel (4).

22. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 21, characterized in that: The sealing plate (5) is fixed to the portion of the drive housing that surrounds the central channel (4) through a welding connection structure.

23. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 22, characterized in that: The sealing plate (5) is a flat plate, and reinforcing ribs are fixedly connected between the edge of the sealing plate (5) of the flat plate structure and the inner wall of the central channel (4).

24. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 23, characterized in that: The reinforcing ribs are connected to the inner plate surface of the sealing plate (5).

25. A method for transferring materials for a roadheader, the roadheader being the roadheader according to any one of claims 1 to 24, the method comprising transferring materials to the cutterhead (3) by a carrier disposed in a shield (1) and capable of moving toward the position of the cutterhead (3), wherein: The material is placed on a carrier outside the central channel (4) of the main drive (2), so that the carrier passes over the rear crossbeam (12) of the cutter disc (3) along a set path to transfer the material to the position where the cutter disc (3) is located. During the process of the carrier transporting the material, the height relative to the attachment body where the carrier is located remains unchanged, and then the transferred material is placed in a corresponding installation position. Before the transfer, the cutter disc (3) of the tunnel boring machine is stopped at a set position to prevent the crossbeam (12) on the rear side of the cutter disc (3) from interfering with the carrier and the material.

26. The method for transferring materials of a roadheader according to claim 25, characterized in that: The movement path of the carrier extends to the position where the material is lifted at the cutter disc (3). When placing the material, the material is first lifted from the carrier in the cutter bin (7) or soil bin behind the cutter disc (3), and then the carrier and the attachment are removed, and then the material is lowered to the corresponding installation position.

27. The method for transferring materials from a roadheader according to claim 25, wherein: The cutter disc (3) is used to install a cutter on a cutter mounting panel (6) or in a chamber behind the cutter mounting panel (6), and a fixed structure is selected or a lifting tool mounting structure is provided to install a lifting tool to lift the material.

28. A roadheader, comprising a shield body (1), a main drive (2) being arranged in the shield body (1), a cutter disc (3) being arranged on the main drive (2), a crossbeam (12) being arranged at the rear of the cutter disc (3) and connected to the rotating part of the central swivel joint (11), the roadheader further comprising a material transfer system, the material transfer system comprising a transport mechanism arranged in the shield body (1) for transferring materials between the rear of the shield body (1) and the cutter disc (3), wherein: The transport mechanism comprises a carrier for carrying materials and an attachment for the carrier to attach. The height distance between the carrier and the attachment remains unchanged during the process of transporting materials. The movement path of the carrier passes through the central channel (4) of the main drive (2) and directly crosses the crossbeam (12) to extend to the position of the cutter disc (3). The transport mechanism comprises a shield inner track (17) and a material transfer trolley (18) matched with the shield inner track (17). The carrier is composed of the material transfer trolley (18), and the attachment is composed of the shield inner track (17). The shield inner track (17) extends to the rear side of the cutter disc (3). The part of the material transfer trolley (18) used for carrying materials can be cantilevered forward relative to the shield inner track (17) to the knife bin (7) of the normal pressure cutter disc or the soil bin at the rear side of the non-normal pressure cutter disc.

29. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 28, characterized in that: The cutter disc (3) is a normal pressure cutter disc. The shield inner track (17) passes through the material channel door at the central channel (4) of the main drive (2). The shield inner track (17) comprises an outer door section (22) arranged on the outer side of the material channel door, an inner door section (23) arranged on the inner side of the material channel door, and a transition section (24) for connecting the outer door section (22) and the inner door section (23). The transition section (24) is installed in the shield body (1) through a detachable installation structure. The length of the transition section (24) is sufficient to allow the material channel door to open and close normally after the space vacated by the transition section (24) is removed.

30. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 29, characterized in that: The detachable installation structure comprises a plug-in structure located on the transition section (24) and a plug-in matching structure located in the shield body (1) of the tunnel boring machine, and the transition section (24) is installed in the shield body (1) by plugging and matching the plug-in structure with the plug-in matching structure in the up and down directions.

31. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 28, characterized in that: The rear end of the shield inner track (17) has a locking structure for locking the position of the material transfer trolley (18) to prevent the material transfer trolley (18) from automatically sliding forward.

32. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 28, characterized in that: The front end of the shield inner track (17) has a blocking structure for blocking the material transfer trolley (18) to prevent the material transfer trolley (18) from escaping from the front end of the shield inner track (17).

33. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 28, characterized in that: The carrying mechanism comprises a telescopic mounting structure and a bearing platform mounted in the shield body (1) via the telescopic mounting structure. The bearing platform can be retracted to the rear side of the material channel (8) door via the telescopic mounting structure. The bearing platform constitutes the bearing body, and the telescopic mounting structure constitutes the attachment body.

34. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 28 or 33, characterized in that: The movement path of the carrier passes through the bottom of the central channel (4) of the main drive (2).

35. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 28 or 33, characterized in that: The carrier has a material tray for supporting materials, and the material tray is provided with a positioning structure for cooperating with the material packaging or the material itself to limit the inclination angle of the material in the left and right directions.

36. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 35, characterized in that: The positioning structure is a positioning inclined surface.

37. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 35, characterized in that: The positioning structure comprises a left positioning structure and a right positioning structure, and the left positioning structure and the right positioning structure are arranged symmetrically.

38. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 28 or 33, characterized in that: The tool mounting panel (6) of the cutter disc (3) is provided with a tool mounting position (44) for mounting a tool, and a lifting tool mounting structure for mounting a lifting tool is fixed to the rear side of the tool mounting panel (6). When the cutter disc of the tunnel boring machine is stopped to mount a tool at the tool mounting position (44), the lifting tool mounting structure is located above the tool mounting position (44), and the distance between the lifting tool mounting structure and the tool mounting position (44) meets the requirements for the arrangement of the lifting tool and the lifting distance.

39. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 38, characterized in that: The knife mounting panel (6) has a knife mounting area (39), and at least two knife mounting positions (44) are arranged in parallel along the radial direction of the knife disc (3) in the knife mounting area (39). The lifting tool mounting structure is provided corresponding to the knife mounting area (39), and the lifting tool mounting structure corresponding to the knife mounting area (39) is arranged on a side of the knife mounting area (39) close to the center of the knife disc (3) along the radial direction of the knife disc (3).

40. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 39, characterized in that: There are at least two tool mounting areas (39), each tool mounting area (39) is arranged at intervals along the circumference of the cutter disc (3), and a lifting tool installation structure corresponding to each tool mounting area (39) is located on a circle with the center of the cutter disc (3) as the center, and the circle where the lifting tool installation structure is located is located between the tool mounting area (39) and the center of the cutter disc (3).

41. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 39, characterized in that: The tool mounting area (39) and the corresponding lifting tool mounting structure are distributed on both sides of the center of the tool disc (3).

42. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 39, characterized in that: At least one lifting tool installation structure group is provided corresponding to each tool installation area (39), and the lifting tool installation structure group includes two lifting tool installation structures, and the two lifting tool installation structures and the tool installation positions (44) in the corresponding tool installation area are arranged according to the positional relationship of the three vertices of a triangle.

43. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 38, characterized in that: The lifting tool mounting structure is a lifting ring (32) fixed on the tool mounting panel (6) via a fixing structure.

44. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 28 or 33, characterized in that: The main drive (2) comprises a drive housing, the middle portion of which is a central channel (4) extending from front to back. The main drive (2) further comprises a drive device fixed relative to the drive housing, the drive device being used to drive the cutter head (3) to rotate. The rear end of the portion of the drive housing that encloses the central channel (4) is sealed with a sealing plate (5), the sealing plate (5) blocks the rear end of the central channel (4) to enclose a central cabin, and a central swivel joint mounting hole (10) for mounting a central swivel joint (11) is provided in the central portion of the sealing plate (5).

45. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 44, characterized in that: The sealing plate (5) is located at the position where the reducer (41) of the driving device is located, the diameter of the sealing plate (5) is larger than the diameter of the central channel (4), and a reducer mounting hole (43) for mounting the reducer (41) is provided on the sealing plate (5).

46. ​​The tunnel boring machine according to claim 44, characterized in that: The sealing plate (5) is a flat plate or a curved plate with a middle portion recessed into the central channel (4).

47. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 46, characterized in that: The sealing plate (5) is fixed to the portion of the drive housing that surrounds the central channel (4) through a welding connection structure.

48. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 47, characterized in that: The sealing plate (5) is a flat plate, and reinforcing ribs are fixedly connected between the edge of the sealing plate (5) of the flat plate structure and the inner wall of the central channel (4).

49. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 48, characterized in that: The reinforcing ribs are connected to the inner plate surface of the sealing plate (5).

50. A method for transferring materials for a roadheader, the roadheader being the roadheader according to any one of claims 28 to 49, the method comprising transferring materials to the cutter disc (3) by means of a carrier disposed in a shield body (1) and capable of moving toward the position of the cutter disc (3), wherein: The material is placed on a carrier outside the central channel (4) of the main drive (2), so that the carrier passes over the rear crossbeam (12) of the cutter disc (3) along a set path to transfer the material to the position where the cutter disc (3) is located. During the process of the carrier transporting the material, the height relative to the attachment body where the carrier is located remains unchanged, and then the transferred material is placed in a corresponding installation position. Before the transfer, the cutter disc (3) of the tunnel boring machine is stopped at a set position to prevent the crossbeam (12) on the rear side of the cutter disc (3) from interfering with the carrier and the material.

51. The method for transferring materials by a roadheader according to claim 50, characterized in that: The movement path of the carrier extends to the position where the material is lifted at the cutter disc (3). When placing the material, the material is first lifted from the carrier in the cutter bin (7) or soil bin behind the cutter disc (3), and then the carrier and the attachment are removed, and then the material is lowered to the corresponding installation position.

52. The method for transferring materials from a roadheader according to claim 50, wherein The cutter disc (3) is used to install a cutter on a cutter mounting panel (6) or in a chamber behind the cutter mounting panel (6), and a fixed structure is selected or a lifting tool mounting structure is provided to install a lifting tool to lift the material.

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