Housing, vibration components and vehicle

Abstract

This application discloses a housing, a vibration assembly, and a vehicle including the vibration assembly. The housing includes a polymer layer and a metal layer. The metal layer is located at the innermost layer of the housing and is made of a metallic material. The polymer layer is located at the outermost layer of the metal layer and is made of a polymer material. The housing provided by this application can convert mechanical vibration energy into heat energy for dissipation, thereby achieving noise reduction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a housing, a vibration component and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous improvement of vehicle R&D technology and people's living standards, people have higher and higher requirements for reducing vehicle noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) performance. During the driving process of the vehicle, the motor in the vehicle will generate noise due to vibration. This noise is radiated to the outside of the motor through the motor housing, affecting the noise reduction performance of the whole vehicle. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application provides a housing, a vibration assembly and a vehicle. The housing provided by the present application can convert the mechanical energy generated by vibration into heat energy and dissipate it, thereby achieving a noise reduction effect.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a shell. The shell includes a polymer layer and a metal layer. The metal layer is located at the innermost layer of the shell. The material used for the metal layer includes a metal material. The metal material can be but is not limited to steel or aluminum. The polymer layer is located on the outside of the metal layer. It can be understood that the polymer layer is located on the outside of the shell and the metal layer is located on the inside of the shell. The material used for the polymer layer includes a polymer material.

[0005] The damping coefficient of the polymer layer is greater than that of the metal layer. The damping coefficient is a measure of the damping size of the polymer material. The larger the damping coefficient, the better the damping performance of the polymer material and the greater the ability to dissipate vibration energy. Exemplarily, the damping coefficient of the polymer layer can be greater than or equal to 0.05. Polymer materials are generally viscoelastic materials, such as rubber or asphalt; they can also be plastic materials. Plastic materials include general engineering plastics and special engineering plastics. Among them, the main varieties of general engineering plastics are five general engineering plastics: polyamide, polycarbonate, polyoxymethylene, modified polyphenylene ether and thermoplastic polyester. Special engineering plastics mainly refer to engineering plastics with a heat resistance of more than 150°C. The main varieties are polyimide, polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfones, aromatic polyamides, polyarylates, polyphenylene esters, polyaryletherketones, liquid crystal polymers and fluororesins. For example, the polymer material may be polycarbonate (PC), polyphenylenesulfide (PPS), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene plastic (ABS), nylon 46 (PA46) or nylon 66 (PA66). The polymer layer may include some additives, such as glass fiber, carbon fiber or asbestos fiber.

[0006] In an embodiment of the present application, on the one hand, the shell includes a polymer layer, which can convert the mechanical vibration energy generated by the vibrator into heat energy and dissipate it, thereby reducing the vibration transmitted by the vibration component to the outside of the shell, which is beneficial to reducing the noise generated by the vibration component. Among them, when the polymer layer of the shell is made of plastic material, it can not only effectively reduce the vibration of the shell, but also effectively reduce the cost of the shell, which is beneficial to the large-scale production of the shell. On the other hand, the metal layer in the shell can shield electromagnetic signals to improve the electromagnetic shielding capability of the vibration component. At the same time, the metal layer is located on the inner side of the shell, and the metal layer located on the inner side of the shell can directly contact the bottom shell of the vibrator to achieve the purpose of grounding, thereby simplifying the design of the electromagnetic shielding of the shell.

[0007] In the embodiments of the present application, the description is made by taking the shell including a polymer layer and a metal layer as an example. In some other embodiments, when the polymer layer is made of conductive plastic, the shell may not include a metal layer, that is, the shell only includes a polymer layer made of conductive plastic. Among them, conductive plastic is a functional polymer material that is processed by mixing resin and conductive material in the same way as plastic. In this embodiment, when the polymer layer is made of conductive plastic, the shell can also play an electromagnetic shielding role. At this time, the shell does not need to be additionally provided with a shielding layer, which simplifies the molding process of the shell and facilitates the assembly of the shell.

[0008] In some embodiments, a cavity exists between the polymer layer and the metal layer.

[0009] In the embodiment of the present application, a cavity is formed between the polymer layer and the metal layer. On the one hand, the direct contact area between the polymer layer and the metal layer is reduced, thereby reducing the transmission of vibration. On the other hand, the cavity effectively absorbs the low-frequency noise generated by the vibration component, thereby further reducing the noise generated by the vibration component.

[0010] In some embodiments, the polymer layer includes a first main body and a first edge portion disposed around the first main body, the first main body is spaced apart from the metal layer, and the first edge portion is fixedly connected to the metal layer to form a cavity between the metal layer and the polymer layer.

[0011] In some embodiments, the shell is applied to the outer shell of a vibrating member in a vehicle. The vibrating member is provided with a first vibration zone and a second vibration zone. When the vibrating assembly is in working state, the vibration of the first vibration zone is greater than the vibration of the second vibration zone. It can be understood that the vibration of the first vibration zone is greater than the vibration of the second vibration zone, and the noise generated by the first vibration zone is greater than the noise generated by the second vibration zone. Exemplarily, the vibration magnitude of each area in the vibrating member is judged by detecting the noise in each area in the vibrating member. Specifically, the frequency corresponding to the point with large noise is determined, and the shell modal formation corresponding to the frequency is determined. For example, when the shell modal formation is a 1st order mode, the middle area of ​​the shell vibrates the most, and the first vibration zone is located in the middle area of ​​the shell. Wherein, the orthographic projection of the first main body on the vibrating member covers the first vibration zone.

[0012] In the embodiment of the present application, the orthographic projection of the first main body on the vibration component covers the first vibration area, that is, the orthographic projection of the cavity formed by the polymer layer and the metal layer on the vibration component covers the first vibration area. The cavity can effectively consume the noise generated by the vibration component, thereby effectively reducing the noise generated by the vibration component.

[0013] In some embodiments, the metal layer includes a second main body portion and a second edge portion arranged around the periphery of the second main body portion. The second main body portion is recessed relative to the second edge portion toward a side away from the first main body portion. The second edge portion is fixedly connected to the polymer layer.

[0014] In the embodiment of the present application, the second main body portion of the metal layer is recessed relative to the second edge portion, that is, the middle portion of the metal layer is concave, and the polymer layer is fixedly connected to the edge of the metal layer to form a cavity between the metal layer and the polymer layer. In its embodiment, the polymer layer can also be convex relative to the metal layer to form a cavity between the polymer layer and the metal layer.

[0015] In some embodiments, the metal layer and the polymer layer are connected by interlocking. Exemplarily, the metal layer is provided with a protrusion protruding toward the polymer layer. The polymer layer is provided with a groove adapted to the protrusion. The protrusion is interlocked with the groove. The metal layer can be integrally formed with the protrusion by stamping.

[0016] In the embodiment of the present application, the metal layer and the polymer layer are fixedly connected by buckling, which facilitates the assembly of the metal layer and the polymer. In other embodiments, the metal layer and the polymer layer can also be connected by glue or convex riveting, which is not limited in the present application.

[0017] In some embodiments, the housing further comprises a fastener. A first fastening hole is provided at an edge of the polymer layer, and a second fastening hole is provided at an edge of the metal layer. The fastener passes through the first fastening hole and the second fastening hole to fasten the polymer layer and the metal layer.

[0018] In the embodiment of the present application, the polymer layer and the metal layer are fixedly connected by a fastener to enhance the firmness of the connection between the polymer layer and the metal layer. Optionally, a metal sheet is embedded in the first fastening hole of the polymer layer to avoid the risk of loose fastening when the fastener passes through the second fastening hole of the metal layer, thereby further enhancing the firmness of the shell.

[0019] In some embodiments, the polymer layer is integrally formed with the metal layer. For example, the metal layer and the polymer layer are integrally formed by an in-film injection molding process to simplify the molding process of the shell. The metal layer may be provided with holes, which is not limited in this application. For example, the metal layer may also be a metal mesh, which reduces the weight of the shell while improving the electromagnetic compatibility protection of the vibration component. In some other embodiments, the metal layer may be formed on the polymer layer by an electroplating process, which is not limited in this application.

[0020] In some embodiments, the thickness of the polymer layer is greater than or equal to the thickness of the metal layer. Exemplarily, the thickness of the polymer layer is greater than or equal to 1 mm.

[0021] In the embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the polymer layer is greater than that of the metal layer. Under the premise of ensuring that the thickness of the shell is thin, the thickness of the polymer layer can also be thicker, thereby effectively consuming the mechanical vibration of the shell to achieve the purpose of noise reduction.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a housing. The housing comprises a metal layer and a polymer layer embedded in the metal layer. The metal layer is provided with one or more grooves. The polymer layer is accommodated in the grooves. The material used for the metal layer comprises a metal material, and the material used for the polymer layer comprises a polymer material.

[0023] In the embodiment of the present application, the polymer layer in the shell is embedded in the metal layer, and the polymer layer can effectively consume the mechanical vibration generated by the vibrating part to achieve the purpose of noise reduction. At the same time, the polymer layer is embedded in the metal layer, which effectively reduces the thickness of the shell while ensuring that the shell has vibration reduction, noise reduction and signal shielding.

[0024] In some embodiments, an air layer is formed between the polymer layer and the metal layer.

[0025] In the embodiment of the present application, an air layer is formed between the polymer layer and the metal layer. On the one hand, it reduces the direct contact area between the polymer layer and the metal layer, thereby reducing the transmission of vibration. On the other hand, the cavity effectively absorbs the low-frequency noise generated by the vibrating component, thereby further reducing the noise generated by the vibration component.

[0026] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a vibration assembly. The vibration assembly is applied to a vehicle. The vibration assembly includes a vibration member and a housing as described above, wherein the housing is located outside the vibration member. When the vibration assembly is in a working state, the vibration member vibrates and generates noise.

[0027] In some embodiments, the vibration component is a powertrain, a charging device, a distribution box, an autonomous driving hardware platform, a battery management system, or a smart cockpit. In the embodiments of the present application, the vibration component is described as a powertrain.

[0028] In a fourth aspect, the present application also provides a shell. The shell is the outer shell of the vibration component. The shell includes an outer layer, an intermediate layer and an inner layer. The outer layer is located on the appearance side of the shell, the inner layer is arranged opposite to the outer layer, and the intermediate layer is located between the outer layer and the inner layer. It can be understood that the outer layer is located at the outermost structure of the shell, and the inner layer is located at the innermost structure of the shell. At least one of the intermediate layer and the inner layer includes a polymer material. Exemplarily, the polymer material can be a material with viscoelasticity, such as rubber or asphalt; it can also be a plastic material. The plastic material can be but is not limited to general engineering plastics and special engineering plastics.

[0029] In some embodiments, the material used for the intermediate layer includes a polymer material. Exemplarily, the damping coefficient of the intermediate layer is greater than or equal to 0.05. The damping coefficient is a standard for measuring the damping size of a polymer material. A larger damping coefficient indicates that the damping performance of the polymer material is better and the ability to dissipate vibration energy is greater.

[0030] In the embodiment of the present application, the middle layer of the shell is made of polymer material, which can effectively convert the mechanical vibration energy generated by the vibrator into heat energy for dissipation, reduce the vibration transmitted to the outside by the vibration component, and thus help reduce the noise generated by the vibration component. Among them, when the middle layer of the shell is made of plastic material, it can not only effectively reduce the vibration of the shell, but also effectively reduce the cost of the shell based on the low cost of plastic material, which is conducive to the large-scale production of the shell.

[0031] In some other embodiments, the material used for the inner layer includes a polymer material. It is understandable that in the embodiment of the present application, at least one of the middle layer and the outer layer includes a polymer material to reduce the vibration level of the shell and achieve the purpose of noise reduction.

[0032] When the material of the inner layer includes a polymer material, the material of the middle layer of the shell may be a polymer material or other materials, and the present application does not limit this. When the material of the middle layer includes a polymer material, the material of the inner layer of the shell may be a polymer material or other materials, such as a metal material, and the present application does not limit this.

[0033] In the embodiment of the present application, when one of the inner layer and the middle layer is made of polymer material and the other is made of metal material, the structural strength of the shell is high and not easy to fall off, which is conducive to improving the long-term reliability of the shell. When the materials used for the inner layer and the middle layer include polymer materials, the thickness of the polymer material is relatively thick, which can convert more vibration mechanical energy into heat energy and dissipate it, which is conducive to further improving the noise reduction performance of the shell.

[0034] In some embodiments, the material used for the outer layer includes a metal material to improve electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) protection. The metal material may be, but is not limited to, steel or aluminum. In an embodiment of the present application, the outer layer may serve as a metal shielding layer to prevent the electromagnetic signal generated by the vibrating part from interfering with the electronic components outside the vibration assembly, and to prevent the electromagnetic signal generated by the electronic components outside the vibration assembly from interfering with the internal vibrating part. Exemplarily, in an embodiment of the present application, the material used for the outer layer includes a metal material, the material used for the middle layer includes a polymer material, and the material used for the inner layer includes a metal material.

[0035] It can be understood that shielding is the metal isolation between two spatial regions to control the induction and radiation of electric fields, magnetic fields and electromagnetic waves from one region to another. Specifically, it is to surround the interference source of components, circuits, assemblies, cables or the entire system with a shield to prevent the interference electromagnetic field from spreading outward; and to surround the receiving circuit, equipment or system with a shield to prevent them from being affected by the external electromagnetic field.

[0036] In some embodiments, when the material used for the middle layer includes a polymer material, the thickness of the middle layer is greater than or equal to the thickness of the outer layer. The thickness of the middle layer is greater than or equal to the thickness of the inner layer. In some embodiments, the thickness of the middle layer is greater than or equal to 1 mm. Exemplarily, the thickness of the middle layer is 2 mm, the thickness of the outer layer is 0.5 mm, and the thickness of the inner layer is 0.5 mm.

[0037] In the embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the middle layer made of polymer material is greater than the thickness of the outer layer made of metal material. Under the premise of ensuring that the thickness of the shell is thin, the thickness of the polymer layer can also be thick, so as to effectively consume the mechanical vibration of the shell and achieve the purpose of noise reduction. For example, when the total thickness of the shell is 3 mm, the thickness of the middle layer can be greater than or equal to 1 mm to ensure the thickness of the polymer layer.

[0038] In some embodiments, the inner layer is provided with a plurality of micro-perforations arranged at intervals. The micro-perforations only penetrate the inner layer and do not extend to the middle layer. Exemplarily, the aperture of the micro-perforations is less than or equal to 1 mm.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present application, the inner layer is provided with a plurality of tiny micro-perforations arranged at intervals, and many tiny gaps are formed through the inner layer. When the sound waves (noise) generated by the vibrating member enter the tiny micro-perforations, they will expand and contract with the air, and will vibrate on the hole walls of the micro-perforations to generate friction. Due to the viscous damping and frictional heat conduction of the inner layer itself, the sound energy is continuously converted into heat energy and consumed, thereby reducing the noise generated by the vibrating member, which is beneficial to the noise reduction of the vibration component.

[0040] In some embodiments, the inner layer includes a sound absorbing portion and a vibration reduction portion that is staggered with the sound absorbing portion. Exemplarily, the sound absorbing portion is located at the periphery of the vibration reduction portion. The vibration reduction portion contacts the middle layer, the sound absorbing portion is spaced apart from the middle layer, and the micro-perforations are located in the sound absorbing portion. The vibration reduction portion does not have micro-perforations.

[0041] In some embodiments, the middle layer is provided with a sound absorbing cavity penetrating the middle layer. The sound absorbing cavity is connected to the micro-perforation, and the sound absorbing cavity is arranged corresponding to the sound absorbing portion. It can be understood that the positive projection of the middle layer on the inner layer is staggered with the sound absorbing portion, that is, the projection of the middle layer on the inner layer does not overlap with the sound absorbing portion. At this time, a gap is formed between the sound absorbing portion of the inner layer and the outer layer, so that the shell forms a sound absorbing cavity connected to the micro-perforation. Exemplarily, the shape of the middle layer is the same as the shape of the vibration reduction portion.

[0042] In the embodiment of the present application, the sound absorbing parts of the middle layer and the inner layer are staggered, and a sound absorbing cavity is formed between the sound absorbing part and the outer layer, that is, gaps are provided on both the inner and outer sides of the sound absorbing part in the inner layer, and the multiple tiny micro-perforations of the sound absorbing part have a certain air permeability. At this time, the shell forms a micro-perforated plate sound absorbing structure, and the sound waves (noise) generated by the vibrating part enter the sound absorbing cavity between the middle layer and the sound absorbing part from the micro-perforations. The air in the sound absorbing cavity generates intense vibration friction, and the sound energy is converted into heat energy and lost, thereby further improving the noise reduction effect of the vibration component.

[0043] In some embodiments, the porosity of the micro-perforations provided in the sound absorbing part is in the range of 0.5% to 5%. The porosity of the micro-perforations refers to the ratio of the total area of ​​the micro-perforations on the sound absorbing part to the total area of ​​the sound absorbing part (also known as the effective mass transfer area). The range of 0.5% to 5% includes not only any value between 0.5% and 5%, but also the endpoint values ​​of 0.5% and 5%.

[0044] In the embodiment of the present application, the opening rate of the micro-perforations is in the range of 0.5% to 5%, so as to avoid the opening rate of the micro-perforations being too large, which would result in very small sound quality of the inner layer and affect the noise reduction effect of the micro-perforations.

[0045] In some embodiments, the vibration damping part includes the first vibration damping part and the second vibration damping part. Exemplarily, the sound absorbing part is arranged around the first vibration damping part and the second vibration damping part. The first vibration damping part and the second vibration damping part are connected by a connecting part, which avoids the difficulty of increasing the assembly of the shell due to the discontinuity between the first vibration damping part and the second vibration damping part, thereby reducing the process difficulty of preparing the shell. In the embodiment of the present application, the number of vibration damping parts is not limited in this application, and the number of vibration damping parts can be set according to the vibration mode of the vibrating part.

[0046] In some embodiments, the intermediate layer includes a flat portion and a raised portion convexly disposed on one side of the flat portion. The raised portion protrudes from the flat portion toward a side close to the inner layer. The raised portion contacts the vibration-damping portion, and the flat portion and the sound-absorbing portion are spaced apart. Exemplarily, the flat portion and the raised portion are integrally formed to save the process of preparing the intermediate layer.

[0047] It can be understood that the projection of the protrusion on the inner layer is staggered with the sound absorbing portion, that is, the projection of the protrusion on the inner layer does not overlap with the sound absorbing portion, and a gap is formed between the sound absorbing portion of the inner layer and the middle layer, so that the shell forms a cavity connected to the micro-perforation. Exemplarily, the shape of the protrusion is the same as the shape of the vibration reduction portion.

[0048] In this embodiment, a protrusion protruding toward the inner layer is provided on the middle layer, so that a cavity connected with the micro-perforation is formed between the middle layer and the inner layer, and the multiple tiny micro-perforations of the sound-absorbing part have a certain air permeability. At this time, the shell forms a micro-perforated plate sound-absorbing structure, and the sound waves (noise) generated by the vibrating part enter the cavity between the middle layer and the sound-absorbing part through the micro-perforations. The air in the cavity generates intense vibration friction, converting the sound energy into heat energy and dissipating it, thereby further improving the noise reduction effect of the vibration component.

[0049] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a vibration component. The vibration component includes a vibration member and a shell of the fourth aspect. The vibration component is a powertrain, a charging device, a distribution box, an autonomous driving hardware platform, a battery management system, or a smart cockpit. In the embodiment of the present application, the vibration component is described as an example of a powertrain. The vibration component includes a vibration member and a shell as described above, and the shell is mounted on the vibration member.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present application, the vibration component adopts a shell as above, which can effectively convert the mechanical vibration energy generated by the vibration component into heat energy and dissipate it, thereby reducing the vibration transmitted to the outside by the vibration component, which is beneficial to reducing the noise generated by the vibration component.

[0051] In some embodiments, the vibration component is provided with a first vibration area and a second vibration area. When the vibration component is in working state, the vibration of the first vibration area is greater than the vibration of the second vibration area. It can be understood that the vibration of the first vibration area is greater than the vibration of the second vibration area, and at this time, the noise generated by the first vibration area is greater than the noise generated by the second vibration area.

[0052] In some embodiments, the microperforations are arranged corresponding to the second vibration zone, and at least part of the intermediate layer's orthographic projection on the vibrating member is located in the first vibration zone. The microperforations are located in the sound absorbing portion of the inner layer, and the microperforations are arranged corresponding to the second vibration zone, and the sound absorbing portion is located in the second vibration zone. It can be understood that the vibration-damping portion is located in the area where the vibration of the vibrating member is relatively large (the first vibration zone), and at least part of the intermediate layer's orthographic projection on the vibrating member is located in the first vibration zone, that is, at least part of the intermediate layer is arranged in contact with the vibration-damping portion and stacked. When the material used for the intermediate layer includes a polymer material, at least part of the intermediate layer is stacked with the vibration-damping portion, so that the area where the vibration of the vibrating member is relatively large corresponds to the intermediate layer made of polymer material.

[0053] In the embodiment of the present application, the inner layer structure with micro-perforations in the shell is arranged corresponding to the second vibration zone, and the vibration-damping part without micro-perforations in the inner layer is located in the area with larger vibration in the vibration component (the first vibration zone). Since the middle layer contacts the vibration-damping part of the inner layer, the larger vibration generated by the vibration component can be effectively converted into heat energy and consumed through the vibration-damping part and the middle layer, thereby further improving the noise reduction performance of the vibration component.

[0054] In a sixth aspect, the present application also provides a vibration component. The vibration component includes a vibration member and a shell located outside the vibration member. The shell includes an outer layer, an intermediate layer and an inner layer. The outer layer is located on the appearance side of the shell, the intermediate layer is located between the outer layer and the inner layer, and at least one of the intermediate layer and the inner layer includes a polymer material, and the other includes a metal material. Exemplarily, the polymer material includes rubber, asphalt, a high molecular polymer or a high molecular resin, etc. The polymer material can be a material with viscoelasticity, such as rubber, asphalt, a high molecular polymer or a high molecular resin, etc., or it can be a plastic material, such as general engineering plastics and special engineering plastics.

[0055] It is understandable that in some embodiments, the material used for the middle layer includes a polymer material, and the material used for the outer layer and the inner layer includes a metal material. In this embodiment, both the outer layer and the inner layer are made of metal material, and the inner layer of the shell can directly contact the bottom shell of the vibrator to achieve the purpose of grounding, which is convenient for the design of electromagnetic shielding. The metal material can be but is not limited to steel or aluminum. In other embodiments, the material used for the middle layer includes a metal material, and the material used for the outer layer and the inner layer includes a polymer material. It is understandable that when the non-inner layer structure (outer layer or middle layer) in the shell is made of metal material, it is necessary to improve the edge structure of the shell so that the outer layer is in electrical contact with the bottom shell of the vibrator to achieve the purpose of grounding. At this time, the electromagnetic shielding design of the shell is relatively complicated.

[0056] In an embodiment of the present application, at least one of the middle layer and the outer layer of the shell includes a polymer material, and the other includes a metal material, which can not only effectively convert the mechanical vibration energy generated by the vibration part into heat energy and dissipate it to reduce the noise generated by the vibration component, but also shield electromagnetic signals to improve the electromagnetic shielding capability of the vibration component.

[0057] In a seventh aspect, the present application also provides a vibration component. The vibration component includes a vibration member and a shell. The shell is located around the vibration member. The shell includes a shielding layer and a plastic layer. The material used for the shielding layer includes a metal material. The material used for the plastic layer includes a plastic material. The damping coefficient of the plastic layer is greater than or equal to 0.05. Exemplarily, the material used for the plastic layer includes polycarbonate (PC), polyphenylenesulfide (PPS), ABS plastic (ABS) or nylon 66 plastic (polyamide66). The plastic layer may include some additives, such as glass fiber, carbon fiber or asbestos fiber.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present application, the shell includes a plastic layer with a damping coefficient greater than or equal to 0.05, which can convert the mechanical vibration energy generated by the vibrating component into heat energy for dissipation, reduce the vibration transmitted to the outside by the vibration component, and help reduce the noise generated by the vibration component; at the same time, the plastic layer uses a low-cost plastic material, which can effectively reduce the cost of the shell and is conducive to the large-scale production of the shell. Among them, the shell includes a shielding layer to improve the electromagnetic shielding capability of the vibration component.

[0059] In some embodiments, the shell further includes a sound insulation layer. The sound insulation layer is located between the shielding layer and the plastic layer, and the plastic layer is located on a side of the isolation layer close to the vibrating member. A sound absorption cavity is formed between the shielding layer and the plastic layer. The plastic layer is provided with a plurality of through holes arranged at intervals, and the through holes are connected to the sound absorption cavity. In this embodiment, the orthographic projection of the sound insulation layer on the plastic layer is only located in a partial area of ​​the plastic layer, so that the shielding layer and the plastic layer are arranged at intervals to form a sound absorption cavity. Exemplarily, the sound insulation layer is only located in the middle area of ​​the shell, and the sound absorption cavity surrounds the periphery of the sound insulation layer. In other embodiments, the structure of the sound insulation layer and the plastic layer can refer to the structure of the intermediate layer and the inner layer in the aforementioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present application, the sound insulation layer and the sound absorbing part of the plastic layer are staggered, and a cavity is formed between the sound absorbing part and the outer layer, that is, gaps are provided on both the inner and outer sides of the sound absorbing part in the plastic layer, and the multiple tiny through holes in the sound absorbing part have a certain air permeability. At this time, the shell forms a micro-perforated plate sound absorbing structure, and the sound waves (noise) generated by the vibrating part enter the cavity between the sound insulation layer and the sound absorbing part from the through holes. The air in the cavity generates intense vibration friction, converting the sound energy into heat energy and dissipating it, thereby further improving the noise reduction effect of the vibration component.

[0061] In other embodiments, when the plastic layer is located on the side of the shielding layer away from the vibrating element, the shielding layer is provided with a plurality of through holes arranged at intervals, a sound absorbing cavity is formed between the sound insulation layer and the shielding layer, and the sound absorbing cavity is connected to the through holes, so that the shell forms a micro-perforated plate sound absorbing structure. It can be understood that the side of the shell closest to the vibrating element is provided with a through hole, and the layer structure in the middle of the shell is provided with a sound absorbing cavity.

[0062] The present application does not limit the stacking order of the shielding layer and the plastic layer. In some embodiments, the plastic layer is located on the inner side of the shell, that is, the plastic layer is located on the side of the shielding layer close to the vibrator. In other embodiments, the plastic layer is located on the outer side of the shell, that is, the plastic layer is located on the side of the shielding layer away from the vibrator. In the embodiments of the present application, the description is based on the example of the plastic layer being located on the inner side of the shell.

[0063] In some embodiments, the shielding layer can be formed on the plastic layer by an electroplating process. In some other embodiments, the shielding layer and the plastic layer can also be integrally formed. For example, the shielding layer and the plastic layer are integrally formed by an in-film injection molding process to simplify the molding process of the shell. The shielding layer can be provided with holes, which is not limited in this application. For example, the shielding layer can also be a metal mesh, which can reduce the weight of the shell while improving the electromagnetic compatibility protection of the vibration component.

[0064] In some embodiments, the thickness of the plastic layer is greater than or equal to the thickness of the shielding layer. In some embodiments, the thickness of the plastic layer is greater than or equal to 1 mm.

[0065] In an eighth aspect, the present application further provides a vibration component. The vibration component includes a vibrating member, a shielding member, a bottom shell and a cover plate. The bottom shell is provided with a receiving space. The vibrating member and the shielding member are both received in the receiving space, and the shielding member is located above the vibrating member. The cover plate is located above the shielding member and covers the bottom shell. The material used for the shielding member includes a metal material, and the material used for the cover plate includes a polymer material.

[0066] In this embodiment, the shielding part for shielding electromagnetic signals in the vibration component is accommodated in the accommodation space formed by the bottom shell. At this time, the cover plate can be made of all-polymer material and have a thicker thickness, thereby improving the performance of the cover plate in consuming the mechanical vibration generated by the vibration part, thereby further improving the vibration reduction and noise reduction effect of the vibration component.

[0067] In the embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the plastic layer is greater than that of the shielding layer. Under the premise of ensuring that the thickness of the shell is thin, the thickness of the plastic layer can also be thicker, thereby effectively consuming the mechanical vibration of the shell to achieve the purpose of noise reduction.

[0068] In a ninth aspect, the present application further provides a vehicle. The vehicle comprises a vehicle body and the vibration assembly as described above. The vehicle body is mounted on the vibration assembly. The vehicle can be an electric vehicle or a fuel vehicle, which is not limited in the present application.

[0069] In an embodiment of the present application, a vibration component in a vehicle includes a vibration member and a shell located outside the vibration member. The shell is made of a polymer material. The shell effectively converts the mechanical vibration energy generated by the vibration member into heat energy and dissipates it, thereby reducing the vibration transmitted to the outside by the vibration component, which is beneficial to reducing the noise generated by the vibration component, thereby improving the noise, vibration and acoustic roughness performance of the vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0070] In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the background technology, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application or the background technology will be described below.

[0071] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0072] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration assembly shown;

[0073] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The schematic diagram of a part of the structure of the housing in the first embodiment is shown;

[0074] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of part A shown;

[0075] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 The partially exploded structural schematic diagram of the housing in the first embodiment is shown;

[0076] Figure 6 yes Figure 3 The partially exploded structural schematic diagram of the housing in the second embodiment is shown;

[0077] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the housing shown;

[0078] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the housing shown at another angle;

[0079] Fig. 9 yes Figure 3 A top view of the housing shown in a third embodiment;

[0080] Fig.10 yes Figure 3 A top view of the housing shown in a fourth embodiment;

[0081] Fig.11 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a partially exploded structure of the housing in a fifth embodiment;

[0082] Fig.12 yes Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the partially exploded structure of the housing in the second embodiment is shown;

[0083] Fig.13 yes Figure 2 The schematic diagram of a part of the structure of the housing in the third embodiment is shown;

[0084] Fig.14 yes Fig.13 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of part B is shown;

[0085] Fig.15 yes Fig.13 A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the housing in the first embodiment is shown;

[0086] Fig.16 yes Fig.13 The schematic cross-sectional view of the housing in the second embodiment is shown;

[0087] Fig.17 yes Fig.13 The schematic cross-sectional view of the housing in the third embodiment is shown;

[0088] Fig.18 yes Fig.13 The schematic cross-sectional view of the housing in the fourth embodiment is shown;

[0089] Fig.19 yes Fig.13 A top view of the housing in the fifth embodiment is shown;

[0090] Fig. 20 yes Fig.19 A schematic cross-sectional view of the housing shown;

[0091] Fig.21 yes Fig.13 The schematic cross-sectional view of the housing in the sixth embodiment is shown;

[0092] Fig. 22 yes Figure 1 A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a vibration assembly in another embodiment is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0093] The embodiments of the present application are described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0094] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The vehicle 100 refers to a wheeled vehicle 100 driven or towed by a power device and traveling on a road for passengers or for transporting goods and for special engineering operations. The vehicle 100 can be an electric vehicle or a fuel vehicle, which is not limited in the present application. In the embodiment of the present application, the vehicle 100 is described as an electric vehicle.

[0095] like Figure 1 As shown, the vehicle 100 includes a vibration component 10 and a vehicle body 20. The vehicle body 20 is mounted on the vibration component 10. When the vibration component 10 is in some states, such as when the vehicle 100 is driving, some structures in the vibration component 10 will vibrate. Exemplarily, the vibration component 10 is a powertrain, a charging device, a distribution box, an autonomous driving hardware platform, a battery management system, or a smart cockpit. In the embodiment of the present application, the vibration component 10 is described as a powertrain as an example.

[0096] The powertrain refers to a series of components and assemblies on the vehicle 100 that generate power and transmit the power to the road surface. For example, when the powertrain is in operation, the rotor in the powertrain rotates to generate power, and this power is transmitted to the wheels to drive the vehicle 100 forward. The powertrain broadly includes the engine, transmission, drive shaft, differential, clutch, etc., but usually, the powertrain generally refers only to the engine, transmission, and other parts integrated into the transmission, such as the clutch or the front differential. For example, for a traditional internal combustion engine, the powertrain refers to the engine and transmission; for an electric vehicle, the powertrain refers to the motor, reducer, and motor controller.

[0097] In the embodiment of the present application, the vibration component 10 is described as being applied to a vehicle 100. In other embodiments, the vibration component 10 can also be applied to other electronic devices, such as household appliances such as washing machines, microwave ovens, or air conditioners, and the present application is not limited thereto.

[0098] Please also read Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The structural diagram of the vibration assembly 10 is shown. The vibration assembly 10 includes a vibration member 11 and a housing 12. The vibration member 11 can generate vibration. The vibration generated by the vibration member 11 can be a continuous reciprocating vibration or an intermittent irregular vibration, which is not limited in the present application. The present application also does not limit the amplitude, frequency, and time of the vibration of the vibration member 11.

[0099] The vibration part 11 will generate noise due to vibration during operation, which affects the noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) performance of the vehicle. For example, when the rotor in the powertrain rotates to generate power, it will generate "buzzing" high-frequency electromagnetic noise. The generated noise is transmitted to the outside of the vibration component 10 through the shell 12, affecting the driver's comfort. Exemplarily, the vibration part 11 is an element that will vibrate in the powertrain, such as a gear, a rotor or a motor. Among them, when some components close to the powertrain in the vehicle 100 are vibrated together under the force of the powertrain vibration, the components close to the powertrain can also be defined as the vibration part 11.

[0100] The shell 12 is installed on the outside of the vibration member 11. In the embodiment of the present application, the shell 12 is located on the outside of the vibration member 11, which can not only be used to protect the vibration member 11, but also can reduce the noise transmitted from the shell 12 to the outside during the vibration of the vibration member 11, which is beneficial to the noise reduction of the vibration assembly 10.

[0101] In some embodiments, the vibration member 11 is provided with a first vibration area 111 and a second vibration area 112. When the vibration assembly 10 is in working state, the vibration of the first vibration area 111 is greater than the vibration of the second vibration area 112. It can be understood that the vibration of the first vibration area 111 is greater than the vibration of the second vibration area 112, and at this time, the noise generated by the first vibration area 111 is greater than the noise generated by the second vibration area 112. Exemplarily, the shell 12 structure corresponding to the first vibration area 111 is different from the shell 12 structure corresponding to the second vibration area 112, and the noise reduction effect of the shell 12 structure corresponding to the first vibration area 111 is stronger than the noise reduction effect of the shell 12 structure corresponding to the second vibration area 112, so as to effectively reduce the noise transmitted from the vibration member 11 from the shell 12 to the outside of the vibration assembly 10 as a whole.

[0102] In some embodiments, the vibration magnitude of each region of the vibration member 11 is determined by detecting the noise of each region of the vibration member 11. Exemplarily, a simulation test is performed on the vibration component, the frequency corresponding to the point with large noise is first determined, and then the modal formation of the shell 12 corresponding to the frequency is determined, and the region of the vibration magnitude of the vibration member 11 is determined according to the modal formation of the shell 12. For example, when the modal formation of the shell 12 is the first-order mode, the middle region of the shell 12 vibrates the most, and the first vibration region 111 is located in the middle region of the shell 12.

[0103] In the embodiment of the present application, the vibration component 10 is described by taking a powertrain as an example. In this case, the vibration element 11 is provided with a first vibration area 111 and a second vibration area 112 having different vibration magnitudes. When the vibration component 10 is other components, the vibration element 11 may also not include the first vibration area 111 and the second vibration area 112, and the present application does not limit this.

[0104] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the housing 12 includes a first housing 121, a second housing 122, and a third housing 123. The first housing 121, the second housing 122, and the third housing 123 are respectively located in different directions of the vibrating member 11. Exemplarily, the first housing 121 is located above the vibrating member 11, and it can be understood that the first housing 121 is a cover plate of the vibrating member 11. The second housing 122 and the third housing 123 are located on the side of the vibrating member 11, and it can be understood that the second housing 122 and the third housing 123 are side plates of the vibrating member 11.

[0105] In the embodiment of the present application, the first shell 121 and the second shell 122 are generally flat, and the third shell 123 is curved, so that the shapes of the first shell 121, the second shell 122 and the third shell 123 match the shape of the vibration member 11, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the vibration assembly 10.

[0106] Among them, in the embodiment of the present application, the vibration component 10 is used as an example of the powertrain for description. At this time, the shell 12 includes a first shell 121, a second shell 122 and a third shell 123. In other embodiments, the shell 12 can also include only the first shell 121, and the present application does not limit this. That is, the present application does not limit the composition and shape of the shell 12. The materials used in the first shell 121, the second shell 122 and the third shell 123 can be the same or different, and the present application does not limit this. Exemplarily, in some embodiments, the materials used in the first shell 121, the second shell 122 and the third shell 123 are the same. In other embodiments, the materials used in at least two of the first shell 121, the second shell 122 and the third shell 123 are different.

[0107] Please continue reading Figures 3 to 5 , Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The schematic diagram of a part of the structure of the housing 12 in the first embodiment is shown in FIG. Figure 4 yes Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of part A shown; Figure 5 yes Figure 3 The housing 12 is a partially exploded schematic diagram of the second embodiment. Specifically, Figure 3 The structure shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first shell 121 in the shell 12.

[0108] The first shell 121 includes an outer layer 21, an intermediate layer 22 and an inner layer 23. The outer layer 21 is the appearance side of the first shell 121. The inner layer 23 is arranged opposite to the outer layer 21, and the intermediate layer 22 is located between the outer layer 21 and the inner layer 23. It can be understood that the outer layer 21 is the outermost layer 21 structure of the first shell 121, the inner layer 23 is the innermost layer 23 structure of the first shell 121, and the intermediate layer 22 is located between the outer layer 21 and the inner layer 23. The layer structure of the second shell 122 and the third shell 123 can be the same as that of the first shell 121, and can also be different from that of the second shell 122, and the present application is not limited to this.

[0109] The number of layers of the middle layer 22 is not limited in this application. For example, the middle layer 22 can be a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. In addition, in addition to the middle layer 22, other layer structures can be included between the outer layer 21 and the inner layer 23, which is not limited in this application. It can be understood that in the first embodiment provided in this application, the first shell 121 includes at least a three-layer structure.

[0110] In some embodiments, the outer layer 21, the middle layer 22 and the inner layer 23 are sequentially bonded by an adhesive layer to form a combined layer structure. The material used for the adhesive layer can be, but is not limited to, solid glue (e.g., double-sided tape) or liquid glue (e.g., super glue). Exemplarily, the edge of the first shell 121 is also provided with a metal fixing hole, and the fastener passes through the fixing hole to fasten the outer layer 21, the middle layer 22 and the inner layer 23 to enhance the reliability of the shell 12. Among them, the edge of the first shell 121 can be hemmed or not, and this application does not limit this. In some other embodiments, the outer layer 21, the middle layer 22 and the inner layer 23 can also be integrally formed. For example, through the film injection molding process, the outer layer 21, the middle layer 22 and the inner layer 23 are integrally formed to simplify the molding process of the shell 12. In other embodiments, the outer layer 21 can also be a plating layer, and this application does not limit this.

[0111] In some embodiments, the material used for the outer layer 21 includes metal materials to improve electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) protection. Electromagnetic compatibility refers to the ability of a device or system to operate in accordance with requirements in its electromagnetic environment and not to produce intolerable electromagnetic interference to any device in its environment. It can be understood that shielding is the metal isolation between two spatial regions to control the induction and radiation of electric fields, magnetic fields and electromagnetic waves from one region to another. Specifically, the interference source of components, circuits, assemblies, cables or the entire system is surrounded by a shielding body to prevent the interference electromagnetic field from spreading outward; the receiving circuit, device or system is surrounded by a shielding body to prevent them from being affected by external electromagnetic fields.

[0112] In this embodiment, the outer layer 21 serves as a metal shielding layer to prevent the electromagnetic signal generated by the vibrating member 11 from interfering with the electronic components outside the vibration assembly 10, and to prevent the electromagnetic signal generated by the electronic components outside the vibration assembly 10 from interfering with the internal vibrating member 11. The material used for the outer layer 21 may be one or more, and the present application does not limit this. For example, the metal material used for the outer layer 21 is not limited to copper, aluminum or alloys. The alloy may also be a high damping alloy.

[0113] In some embodiments, the material used for the middle layer 22 includes a polymer material. In the present application, the damping coefficient of the middle layer 22 using a polymer material is greater than the damping coefficient of the outer layer 21 using a metal material. For example, the damping coefficient of the middle layer 22 using a polymer material can be greater than or equal to 0.05. The damping coefficient is a standard for measuring the damping size of a polymer material. The larger the damping coefficient, the better the damping performance of the polymer material and the greater the ability to dissipate vibration energy. Determined by its own characteristics, polymer materials are usually viscoelastic materials, such as rubber, asphalt, polymers or polymer resins, etc., or plastic materials, such as general engineering plastics and special engineering plastics. Among them, the main varieties of general engineering plastics are five general engineering plastics: polyamide, polycarbonate, polyoxymethylene, modified polyphenylene ether and thermoplastic polyester. Special engineering plastics mainly refer to engineering plastics with a heat resistance of more than 150°C, and the main varieties are polyimide, polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfone, aromatic polyamide, polyarylate, polyphenylene ester, polyaryletherketone, liquid crystal polymer and fluororesin. Exemplarily, the polymer material may also be polycarbonate (PC), polyphenylenesulfide (PPS), ABS plastic (ABS) or nylon 66 plastic (polyamide 66) and other plastics. ABS plastic is a terpolymer of acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene. The relative contents of the three monomers can be changed arbitrarily to make various resins. Nylon 66 is formed by the polycondensation of adipic acid and hexamethylenediamine. Polycarbonate (PC) is a colorless, transparent, amorphous thermoplastic material. Those skilled in the art can select a suitable polymer material according to the actual product requirements.

[0114] In the embodiment of the present application, the middle layer 22 of the shell 12 is made of polymer material, which can effectively convert the mechanical vibration energy generated by the vibrator 11 into heat energy for dissipation, reduce the vibration transmitted outward by the vibration assembly 10, and help reduce the noise generated by the vibration assembly 10, thereby improving the noise, vibration and acoustic roughness performance of the vehicle 100. Among them, when the middle layer 22 of the shell 12 is made of plastic material, it can not only effectively reduce the vibration of the shell 12, but also effectively reduce the cost of the shell 12 based on the low cost of plastic materials, which is conducive to the large-scale production of the shell 12.

[0115] In some embodiments, when the material used by the middle layer 22 includes a polymer material and the material used by the outer layer 21 includes a metal material, the thickness of the middle layer 22 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the outer layer 21. Exemplarily, when the material used by the inner layer 23 includes a metal material, the thickness of the middle layer 22 is also greater than or equal to the thickness of the inner layer 23. In some embodiments, the thickness of the middle layer 22 is greater than or equal to 1 mm. Exemplarily, the thickness of the middle layer 22 is 2 mm, the thickness of the outer layer 21 is 0.5 mm, and the thickness of the inner layer is 0.5 mm.

[0116] In the embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the intermediate layer 22 made of polymer material is greater than the thickness of the outer layer 21 made of metal material. Under the premise of ensuring that the thickness of the shell 12 is relatively thin, the thickness of the polymer layer can also be relatively thick, so as to effectively consume the mechanical vibration of the shell 12 and achieve the purpose of noise reduction. For example, when the total thickness of the shell 12 is 3 mm, the thickness of the intermediate layer 22 can be greater than or equal to 1 mm to ensure the thickness of the polymer layer.

[0117] In some other embodiments, the material of the inner layer 23 includes a polymer material. Exemplarily, the damping coefficient of the inner layer 23 is greater than or equal to 0.05. The polymer material can be a polymer material with viscoelasticity, such as rubber, asphalt, high molecular polymer or high molecular resin, etc., or a plastic material.

[0118] In the embodiment of the present application, the inner layer 23 of the shell 12 is made of polymer material, which can effectively convert the mechanical vibration energy generated by the vibrator 11 into heat energy for dissipation, reduce the vibration transmitted to the outside by the vibration assembly 10, and thus help reduce the noise generated by the vibration assembly 10. When the inner layer 23 of the shell 12 is made of plastic material, it can not only effectively reduce the vibration of the shell 12, but also effectively reduce the cost of the shell 12 based on the low cost of plastic material, which is conducive to the large-scale production of the shell 12.

[0119] It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, at least one of the middle layer 22 and the inner layer 23 includes a polymer material, that is, the non-outer layer 21 (the middle layer 22 and / or the inner layer 23) of the shell 12 includes a polymer material, and the vibration level of the shell 12 is reduced to achieve the purpose of noise reduction. Among them, when the material used by the inner layer 23 includes a polymer material, the material used by the middle layer 22 of the shell 12 can be a polymer material or other materials, and the present application does not limit this. Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present application, the material used by the outer layer 21 includes a metal material, the material used by the middle layer 22 is a polymer material, and the material used by the inner layer 23 includes a metal material. For example, the description is made. In other embodiments, the material used by the outer layer 21 includes a metal material, the material used by the middle layer 22 includes a metal material, and the material used by the inner layer 23 includes a polymer material; or, the material used by the outer layer 21 includes a polymer material, the material used by the middle layer 22 includes a metal material, and the material used by the inner layer 23 includes a polymer material.

[0120] In the embodiment of the present application, when one of the inner layer 23 and the middle layer 22 is made of polymer material and the other is made of metal material, the shell 12 has a higher structural strength and is not easy to fall off, which is beneficial to improving the long-term reliability of the shell 12.

[0121] Please continue reading Figure 6 , Figure 6 yes Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the partial decomposition structure of the shell 12 in the second embodiment is shown. In this embodiment, the vibration component 10 includes most of the technical features of the first embodiment, and most of the technical solutions of this embodiment that are the same as the previous embodiment will not be repeated here. For example, the shell 12 includes an outer layer 21, an intermediate layer 22 and an inner layer 23 arranged in sequence. At least one of the intermediate layer 22 and the inner layer 23 includes a polymer material. Exemplarily, the polymer material can be a material with viscoelasticity, such as rubber, asphalt, a polymer or a polymer resin, or it can be a plastic material, such as general engineering plastics and special engineering plastics.

[0122] The inner layer 23 is provided with a plurality of spaced micro-perforations 230. The micro-perforations 230 only penetrate the inner layer 23 and do not extend to the middle layer 22. Exemplarily, the aperture of the micro-perforations 230 is less than or equal to 1 mm. Figure 6 In the figure, a plurality of dots arranged at intervals are used to indicate a plurality of micro-perforations 230 arranged at intervals, which does not represent the actual aperture of the micro-perforations 230. In some embodiments, when the aperture of the micro-perforations 230 is small, such as at the nanometer level, the plurality of micro-perforations 230 arranged at intervals in the inner layer 23 cannot be observed by naked eyes.

[0123] In the embodiment of the present application, the inner layer 23 is provided with a plurality of tiny micro-perforations 230 arranged at intervals, and the inner layer 23 forms many tiny gaps running through it. When the sound waves (noise) generated by the vibrating member 11 enter the tiny micro-perforations 230, they expand and contract with the air, and vibrate on the hole walls of the micro-perforations 230 to generate friction. Due to the viscous damping and frictional heat conduction of the inner layer 23 itself, the sound energy is continuously converted into heat energy and consumed, thereby reducing the noise generated by the vibrating member 11, which is beneficial to the noise reduction of the vibration component 10.

[0124] like Figure 6 As shown, in the embodiment of the present application, the micro-perforations 230 are only located in a part of the inner layer 23. In other embodiments, the micro-perforations 230 can also be distributed in the entire area of ​​the inner layer 23, and the present application is not limited to this.

[0125] Please also read Figures 6 to 8 , Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the housing 12 is shown; Figure 8 yes Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the structure of the housing 12 at another angle is shown. The inner layer 23 includes a sound absorbing portion 232 and a vibration reduction portion 231 that is staggered with the sound absorbing portion 232. The vibration reduction portion 231 contacts the middle layer 22, and the sound absorbing portion 232 is spaced apart from the middle layer 22. The micro-perforations 230 are located in the sound absorbing portion 232. The vibration reduction portion 231 does not have the micro-perforations 230. Exemplarily, the sound absorbing portion 232 is located at the periphery of the vibration reduction portion 231.

[0126] Combination Figure 6 and Figure 7 In some implementations, the middle layer 22 is provided with a sound absorbing cavity 220 that penetrates the middle layer 22, the sound absorbing cavity 220 is connected to the micro-perforation 230, and the sound absorbing cavity 220 is arranged corresponding to the sound absorbing portion 232. Exemplarily, the positive projection of the middle layer 22 on the inner layer 23 is staggered with the sound absorbing portion 232, that is, the projection of the middle layer 22 on the inner layer 23 does not overlap with the sound absorbing portion 232, and a gap is formed between the sound absorbing portion 232 of the inner layer 23 and the outer layer 21, so that the shell 12 is formed with a sound absorbing cavity 220 connected to the micro-perforation 230. Figure 6 As shown, the shape of the intermediate layer 22 is the same as the shape of the vibration damping portion 231 .

[0127] In the embodiment of the present application, the sound absorbing part 232 of the middle layer 22 and the inner layer 23 are staggered, and a sound absorbing cavity 220 is formed between the sound absorbing part 232 and the outer layer 21, that is, there are gaps on both the inner and outer sides of the sound absorbing part 232 in the inner layer 23, and the multiple tiny micro-perforations 230 of the sound absorbing part 232 have a certain air permeability. At this time, the shell 12 forms a micro-perforated plate sound absorption structure, and the sound waves (noise) generated by the vibrating element 11 enter the sound absorbing cavity 220 between the middle layer 22 and the sound absorbing part 232 from the micro-perforations 230. The air in the sound absorbing cavity 220 generates intense vibration friction, converting the sound energy into heat energy and dissipating it, thereby further improving the noise reduction effect of the vibration component 10. At the same time, the middle layer 22 is only located in a part of the shell 12, which reduces the raw material of the middle layer 22, not only saving the cost of the shell 12, but also helping to reduce the weight of the shell 12.

[0128] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 8 In some embodiments, the micro-perforations 230 are arranged corresponding to the second vibration area 112. Since the micro-perforations 230 are located in the sound absorbing portion 232 in the inner layer 23, that is, the sound absorbing portion 232 in the inner layer 23 is located in the second vibration area 112, the vibration reduction portion 231 in the inner layer 23 is located in the first vibration area 111. Among them, the vibration of the first vibration area 111 is greater than the vibration of the second vibration area 112, that is, the vibration reduction portion 231 is located in the area of ​​the vibration member 11 where the vibration is larger. In some embodiments, at least part of the orthographic projection of the intermediate layer 22 on the vibration member 11 is located in the first vibration area 111.

[0129] It can be understood that the vibration reduction part 231 is located in the area of ​​the vibration member 11 where the vibration is relatively large (the first vibration area 111), and the orthographic projection of at least part of the intermediate layer 22 on the vibration member 11 is located in the first vibration area 111, that is, at least part of the intermediate layer 22 is stacked in contact with the vibration reduction part 231. When the material used for the intermediate layer 22 includes a polymer material, at least part of the intermediate layer 22 is stacked with the vibration reduction part 231, so that the area of ​​the vibration member 11 where the vibration is relatively large is provided with the intermediate layer 22 made of the polymer material.

[0130] In the embodiment of the present application, the inner layer 23 structure with micro-perforations 230 in the shell 12 is arranged corresponding to the second vibration zone 112, and the vibration-damping portion 231 without micro-perforations 230 in the inner layer 23 is located in the area with larger vibration in the vibration member 11 (the first vibration zone 111). Since the middle layer 22 contacts the vibration-damping portion 231, the larger vibration generated by the vibration member 11 can be effectively converted into heat energy through the vibration-damping portion 231 and the middle layer 22 and consumed, thereby further improving the noise reduction performance of the vibration component 10.

[0131] It is understandable that the present application does not limit the specific relative positions of the sound absorbing portion 232 and the vibration damping portion 231 , and those skilled in the art can limit the positions of the sound absorbing portion 232 and the vibration damping portion 231 according to the size of the vibration generating area of ​​the vibrating member 11 .

[0132] In some embodiments, the porosity of the micro-perforations 230 provided in the sound absorbing part 232 is in the range of 0.5% to 5%. The porosity of the micro-perforations 230 refers to the ratio of the total area of ​​the micro-perforations 230 on the sound absorbing part 232 to the total area (also known as the effective mass transfer area) of the sound absorbing part 232. The range of 0.5% to 5% includes not only any value between 0.5% and 5%, but also the endpoint values ​​of 0.5% and 5%.

[0133] In the embodiment of the present application, the opening rate of the micro-perforation 230 is in the range of 0.5% to 5%, so as to avoid the opening rate of the micro-perforation 230 being too large, which would result in the sound quality of the inner layer 23 being very small and affect the noise reduction effect of the micro-perforation 230.

[0134] The present application does not limit the aperture, porosity, thickness of the inner layer 23 or thickness of the middle layer 22 of the micro-perforations 230 , and those skilled in the art can design them according to actual requirements of the shell 12 .

[0135] Please also read Figure 8 and Fig. 9 , Fig. 9 yes Figure 3 A top view of the shell 12 in the third embodiment is shown. In this embodiment, the vibration assembly 10 includes most of the technical features of the previous embodiment, and most of the technical solutions of this embodiment that are the same as the previous embodiment will not be repeated below. For example, the shell 12 includes an outer layer 21, an intermediate layer 22 and an inner layer 23 arranged in sequence. The inner layer 23 includes a vibration-damping portion 231 and a sound-absorbing portion 232. The vibration-damping portion 231 contacts the intermediate layer 22, the sound-absorbing portion 232 is spaced apart from the intermediate layer 22, and the sound-absorbing portion 232 is provided with a plurality of spaced micro-perforations 230. The material used for the intermediate layer 22 and / or the inner layer 23 includes a polymer material.

[0136] In the third embodiment, the vibration reduction unit 231 includes a first vibration reduction unit 2311 and a second vibration reduction unit 2312. Fig. 9 As shown, the sound absorbing part 232 is disposed around the first vibration damping part 2311 and the second vibration damping part 2312. Exemplarily, the first vibration damping part 2311 and the second vibration damping part 2312 are connected by the connecting part 2313, which avoids the first vibration damping part 2311 and the second vibration damping part 2312 being discontinuous and increasing the difficulty of assembling the shell 12, thereby reducing the process difficulty of preparing the shell 12.

[0137] In the embodiment of the present application, the number of the vibration reduction parts 231 is not limited in the present application, and the number of the vibration reduction parts 231 can be set according to the vibration mode of the vibration member 11. Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, when the mode formation of the shell 12 is the first order mode, the number of the vibration reduction part 231 is single, and the first vibration area 111 is located in the middle area of ​​the shell 12, the projection of the middle layer 22 on the inner layer 23 is located in the middle area, that is, the middle layer 22 is only located in the middle area of ​​the shell 12. Fig. 9 As shown, when the model formation of the shell 12 is a 2nd-order modal formation, the number of the vibration reduction parts 231 is two, and the first vibration reduction part 2311 and the second vibration reduction part 2312 respectively correspond to the areas where the vibration of the vibration element 11 is relatively large.

[0138] See also Fig.10 , Fig.10 yes Figure 3 A top view of the shell 12 in the fourth embodiment is shown. In this embodiment, the vibration assembly 10 includes most of the technical features of the previous embodiments, and most of the technical solutions of this embodiment that are the same as the previous embodiments are not repeated here. In the fourth embodiment, the vibration reduction portion 231 is located at the periphery of the sound absorbing portion 232. Exemplarily, the middle layer 22 is also a hollow annular structure.

[0139] In the embodiment of the present application, the relative positions of the sound absorbing portion 232 and the vibration damping portion 231 are not limited by the present application, and those skilled in the art can limit the positions of the sound absorbing portion 232 and the vibration damping portion 231 according to the magnitude of the vibration generated by the vibrating member 11 in different areas.

[0140] Please continue reading Fig.11 , Fig.11 yes Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the partial decomposition structure of the shell 12 in the fifth embodiment is shown. In this embodiment, the vibration assembly 10 includes most of the technical features of the previous embodiment, and most of the technical solutions of this embodiment that are the same as the previous embodiment are not repeated here. For example, the shell 12 includes an outer layer 21, an intermediate layer 22 and an inner layer 23. At least one of the intermediate layer 22 and the inner layer 23 includes a polymer material. The inner layer 23 includes a vibration damping portion 231 and a sound absorbing portion 232. The vibration damping portion 231 contacts the intermediate layer 22, the sound absorbing portion 232 is spaced apart from the intermediate layer 22, and the sound absorbing portion 232 is provided with a plurality of spaced micro-perforations 230.

[0141] In this embodiment, the middle layer 22 includes a raised portion 221 and a flat portion 222. The raised portion 221 is protruded from the flat portion 222. The raised portion 221 contacts the vibration reduction portion 231, and the flat portion 222 is spaced apart from the sound absorbing portion 232. Exemplarily, the raised portion 221 protrudes from the flat portion 222 toward a side close to the inner layer 23. In some embodiments, the flat portion 222 and the raised portion 221 are integrally formed to save the process of preparing the middle layer 22.

[0142] It can be understood that the projection of the protrusion 221 on the inner layer 23 is staggered with the sound absorbing portion 232, that is, the projection of the protrusion 221 on the inner layer 23 does not overlap with the sound absorbing portion 232. At this time, a gap is formed between the sound absorbing portion 232 of the inner layer 23 and the middle layer 22, so that the shell 12 forms a cavity connected to the micro-perforation 230. Fig.11 As shown, illustratively, the shape of the protrusion 221 is the same as the shape of the vibration reduction portion 231 .

[0143] In this embodiment, a protrusion 221 protruding toward the inner layer 23 is provided on the middle layer 22, so that a cavity connected to the micro-perforation 230 is formed between the middle layer 22 and the inner layer 23, and the multiple tiny micro-perforations 230 of the sound-absorbing part 232 have a certain air permeability. At this time, the shell 12 forms a micro-perforated plate sound-absorbing structure, and the sound waves (noise) generated by the vibration part 11 enter the cavity between the middle layer 22 and the sound-absorbing part 232 from the micro-perforations 230. The air in the cavity produces intense vibration friction, which converts the sound energy into heat energy and loses it, thereby further improving the noise reduction effect of the vibration component 10.

[0144] It can be understood that in the second to fourth embodiments, the shell 12 is staggered with the sound absorbing part 232 as a whole by the middle layer 22, and the middle layer 22 contacts the vibration reduction part 231, so that a cavity is formed between the outer layer 21 and the sound absorbing part 232. In the fifth embodiment, the shell 12 is provided with a protrusion 221 through the middle layer 22, and the protrusion 221 contacts the vibration reduction part 231, so that a cavity is formed between the flat part 222 of the middle layer 22 and the sound absorbing part 232 of the inner layer 23. In other embodiments, the vibration reduction part 231 of the inner layer 23 is provided with a protrusion toward one side of the middle layer 22, and the sound absorbing part 232 is spaced apart from the middle layer 22, so that the flat part 222 of the middle layer 22 and the sound absorbing part 232 form a cavity.

[0145] Please continue reading Fig.12 , Fig.12 yes Figure 2The schematic diagram of the partial decomposition structure of the housing 12 in the second embodiment is shown. In this embodiment, the vibration component 10 includes some technical features of the aforementioned embodiment, and most of the technical solutions of this embodiment that are the same as the aforementioned embodiment are not repeated here. The housing 12 is installed on the outside of the vibration component. Exemplarily, the vibration component is a powertrain, a charging device, a distribution box, an autonomous driving hardware platform, a battery management system or a smart cockpit.

[0146] In the second embodiment of the shell provided in the present application, the shell 12 includes a plastic layer 26 and a shielding layer 27. The material used for the plastic layer 26 includes a plastic material, and the material used for the shielding layer 27 includes a metal material. The plastic material includes but is not limited to general engineering plastics and special engineering plastics. Exemplarily, the polymer material may also be a plastic such as polycarbonate (PC), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), ABS plastic (ABS) or nylon 66 (polyamide 66). The plastic layer 26 may include some additives, such as glass fiber, carbon fiber or asbestos fiber. The damping coefficient of the plastic layer 26 is greater than or equal to 0.05.

[0147] In the embodiment of the present application, the housing 12 includes a plastic layer 26 that can convert the mechanical vibration energy generated by the vibrating member into heat energy for dissipation, thereby reducing the vibration transmitted outward by the vibrating component, which is beneficial to reducing the noise generated by the vibrating component; at the same time, the plastic layer 26 uses a low-cost plastic material, which can effectively reduce the cost of the housing 12 and is beneficial to the mass production of the housing 12. The housing includes a shielding layer 27 to improve the electromagnetic shielding capability of the vibrating component.

[0148] The present application does not limit the stacking order of the shielding layer 27 and the plastic layer 26. In some embodiments, the plastic layer 26 is located on the inner side of the housing 12, that is, the plastic layer 26 is located on the side of the shielding layer 27 close to the vibrator. In other embodiments, the plastic layer 26 is located on the outer side of the housing 12, that is, the plastic layer 26 is located on the side of the shielding layer 27 away from the vibrator. In the embodiments of the present application, the description is made by taking the plastic layer 26 located on the outer side of the housing 12 as an example.

[0149] In some other embodiments, when the plastic layer 26 is made of conductive plastic, the housing 12 may not include the shielding layer 27, that is, the housing 12 only includes the plastic layer 26 made of conductive plastic. The conductive plastic is a functional polymer material that is processed by mixing resin and conductive material in a plastic processing method. In this embodiment, when the plastic layer 26 is made of conductive plastic, the housing 12 can also play an electromagnetic shielding role. In this case, the housing 12 does not need to be additionally provided with a shielding layer, which simplifies the molding process of the housing 12 and facilitates the assembly of the housing 12.

[0150] like Fig.12 As shown, in some embodiments, the shielding layer 27 is located on the inner side of the housing 12. That is, the shielding layer 27 is located on the side of the plastic layer 26 close to the vibrating member. The shielding layer 27 is provided with a plurality of through holes 270 arranged at intervals, and the aperture of the through holes 270 is less than or equal to 1 mm. In other embodiments, when the shielding layer 27 is located on the side of the plastic layer 26 away from the vibrating member 11, the plastic layer 26 is provided with a plurality of through holes 270 arranged at intervals. That is, the side of the housing 12 closest to the vibrating member 11 is provided with the through holes 270.

[0151] In the embodiment of the present application, the shielding layer 27 is provided with a plurality of tiny through holes 270 arranged at intervals, and the shielding layer 27 forms many tiny gaps running through it. When the sound waves (noise) generated by the vibrating member 11 enter the tiny through holes 270, they expand and contract with the air, and vibrate on the hole walls of the through holes 270 to generate friction. Due to the viscous damping and frictional heat conduction of the shielding layer 27 itself, the sound energy is continuously converted into heat energy and consumed, thereby reducing the noise generated by the vibrating member 11, which is beneficial to the noise reduction of the vibration assembly 10.

[0152] In other embodiments, a sound absorbing cavity is formed between the plastic layer 26 and the shielding layer 27, and the sound absorbing cavity is connected to the through hole 270. The structure of the sound insulation layer 28 and the shielding layer 27 can be referred to in Fig.11 The structures of the middle layer 22 and the inner layer 23 are not described in detail here.

[0153] Please continue reading Fig.13 and Fig.14 , Fig.13 yes Figure 2 The schematic diagram of a part of the structure of the housing 12 in the third embodiment is shown; Fig.14 yes Fig.13 An enlarged structural diagram of the structure of part B is shown. In this embodiment, the vibration component 10 includes most of the technical features of the aforementioned embodiment, and most of the technical solutions of this embodiment that are the same as the aforementioned embodiment are not repeated here. For example, the vibration component 10 includes a vibration member 11 and a shell 12. The shell 12 is located around the vibration member 11. Exemplarily, the vibration component 10 is a powertrain, a charging device, a distribution box, an autonomous driving hardware platform, a battery management system, or a smart cockpit.

[0154] like Fig.14 As shown, in this third embodiment, the shell 12 includes a polymer layer 24 and a metal layer 25. The material used for the polymer layer 24 includes a polymer material, and the material used for the metal layer 25 includes a metal material. In the present application, the damping coefficient of the polymer layer 24 is greater than the damping coefficient of the metal layer 25. For example, the damping coefficient of the polymer layer 24 can be greater than or equal to 0.05. The damping coefficient is a standard for measuring the damping size of a polymer material. The larger the damping coefficient, the better the damping performance of the polymer material and the greater the ability to dissipate vibration energy. Determined by its own characteristics, polymer materials are generally viscoelastic materials, such as rubber, asphalt or plastic materials. Plastic materials can also be but are not limited to polycarbonate (PC), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), ABS plastic (ABS), nylon 46 (PA46) or nylon 66 (PA66). ABS plastic is a terpolymer of acrylonitrile (A), butadiene (B), and styrene (S). The relative contents of the three monomers can be changed arbitrarily to make various resins. Nylon 66 is made by polycondensation of adipic acid and hexamethylenediamine. Polycarbonate (PC) is a colorless, transparent, amorphous thermoplastic material. When the material used for the polymer layer 24 includes plastic, the polymer layer 24 may include some additives, such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, or asbestos fiber.

[0155] In the embodiment of the present application, the housing 12 includes a polymer layer 24 and a metal layer 25. The polymer layer 24 can effectively convert the mechanical vibration energy generated by the vibrator 11 into heat energy for dissipation to reduce the noise generated by the vibration assembly 10. The metal layer 25 can shield electromagnetic signals to improve the electromagnetic shielding capability of the vibration assembly 10. When the polymer layer 24 is made of plastic material, the cost of the housing 12 can be effectively reduced based on the low cost of plastic, which is conducive to the mass production of the housing 12. Those skilled in the art can select a suitable polymer material according to the actual product requirements.

[0156] In some embodiments, the metal layer 25 is located at the innermost layer of the housing 12, and the polymer layer 24 is located at a side of the metal layer 25 away from the vibrator. Exemplarily, when the housing 12 includes a two-layer structure of the polymer layer 24 and the metal layer 25, the polymer layer 24 is the appearance side of the housing 12.

[0157] In this embodiment, the metal layer 25 is located inside the shell 12, and the metal layer 25 located inside the shell 12 can directly contact the bottom shell of the vibrator 11 to achieve the purpose of grounding, which simplifies the design of the electromagnetic shielding of the shell 12. It can be understood that when the non-inner layer structure (outer layer or middle layer) in the shell 12 is made of metal material, it is necessary to improve the edge structure of the shell 12 so that the metal shielding layer is in electrical contact with the bottom shell of the vibrator 11 to achieve the purpose of grounding. At this time, the electromagnetic shielding design of the shell 12 is relatively complicated.

[0158] like Fig.14 As shown, in the embodiment of the present application, the metal layer 25 is located on the inner side of the housing 12 as an example for description. The present application does not limit the stacking order of the polymer layer 24 and the metal layer 25. In other embodiments, the metal layer 25 can also be located on the outer side of the housing 12, that is, the metal layer 25 is located on the side of the polymer layer 24 away from the vibrator 11.

[0159] In some embodiments, the thickness of the polymer layer 24 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the metal layer 25. In some embodiments, the thickness of the polymer layer 24 is greater than or equal to 1 mm. The thickness of the metal layer 25 is less than or equal to 1 mm. Exemplarily, the thickness of the polymer layer 24 is 2 mm, and the thickness of the metal layer 25 is 1 mm.

[0160] In the embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the polymer layer 24 is greater than the thickness of the metal layer 25. Under the premise of ensuring that the thickness of the shell 12 is relatively thin, the thickness of the polymer layer 24 can also be relatively thick, thereby effectively consuming the mechanical vibration of the shell 12 to achieve the purpose of noise reduction.

[0161] See also Fig.15 , Fig.15 yes Fig.13 The schematic diagram of a partial cross section of the housing 12 in the first embodiment is shown. In some embodiments, the metal layer 25 is connected to the polymer layer 24 by buckling. Exemplarily, the metal layer 25 is provided with a protrusion 240 protruding toward the polymer layer 24. The polymer layer 24 is provided with a groove 250 adapted to the protrusion 240. The protrusion 240 is buckled with the groove 250. Fig.15 In the embodiment, the shapes and sizes of the protrusion 240 and the groove 250 are only examples, and the present application does not limit them. In other embodiments, the metal layer 25 may be provided with a groove, and the polymer layer 24 may be provided with a protrusion adapted to the groove. The present application does not limit the specific structure of the metal layer 25 and the polymer layer 24 buckling.

[0162] The protrusion 240 is buckled with the groove 250, and the flange surface of the metal layer 25 is in contact with the polymer layer 24. Exemplarily, the metal layer is stamped to integrally form the protrusion 240. When the material used by the polymer layer 24 includes a plastic material, the groove 250 is embedded with a metal ring by injection molding to enhance the strength of the groove 250.

[0163] In the embodiment of the present application, the metal layer 25 and the polymer layer 24 are fixedly connected by snapping, which facilitates the assembly of the metal layer 25 and the polymer 24. In other embodiments, the metal layer 25 and the polymer layer 24 can also be connected by glue or bump riveting, which is not limited in the present application.

[0164] See also Fig.16 , Fig.16 yes Fig.13 The schematic diagram of a partial cross section of the housing 12 in the second embodiment is shown. In some embodiments, the housing 12 further includes a fastener. A first fastening hole 241 is provided at the edge of the polymer layer 24, and a second fastening hole 252 is provided at the edge of the metal layer 25. The fastener passes through the first fastening hole 241 and the second fastening hole 252 to fasten the polymer layer 24 and the metal layer 25.

[0165] In the embodiment of the present application, the polymer layer 24 and the metal layer 25 are fixedly connected by fasteners to enhance the firmness of the connection between the polymer layer 24 and the metal layer 25. Optionally, a metal sheet is embedded in the first fastening hole 241 of the polymer layer 24 to avoid the risk of loose fastening when the fastener passes through the second fastening hole 252 of the metal layer 25, thereby further increasing the firmness of the shell 12. The edge of the shell 12 may or may not be hemmed, and the present application does not limit this.

[0166] In some other embodiments, the polymer layer 24 and the metal layer 25 can also be integrally formed to simplify the molding process of the shell 12. For example, the polymer layer 24 and the metal layer 25 are integrally formed by directly prototyping the polymer layer 24 and the metal layer 25 through a mold by an in-film injection molding process. Optionally, the metal layer 25 is provided with a protrusion 240, and the polymer layer 24 is inverted after melting to enhance the fastening force of the polymer layer 24 and the metal layer 25. Optionally, the metal layer 25 can be provided with holes, which is not limited in the present application. For example, the metal layer 25 can also be a metal mesh, which reduces the weight of the shell 12 while improving the electromagnetic compatibility protection of the vibration component 10. In some other embodiments, the metal layer 25 can be formed on the polymer layer 24 by an electroplating process. It can be understood that the present application does not limit the specific process of forming the metal layer 25 and the polymer layer 24, and those skilled in the art can design it according to actual needs.

[0167] Please continue reading Fig.17 , Fig.17 yes Fig.13 The schematic cross-sectional view of the housing 12 in the third embodiment is shown. In some embodiments, there is a cavity 260 between the polymer layer 24 and the metal layer 25. That is, an air layer structure is formed between the metal layer 25 and the polymer layer 24.

[0168] In the embodiment of the present application, a cavity 260 is formed between the polymer layer 24 and the metal layer 25. On the one hand, the direct contact area between the polymer layer 24 and the metal layer 25 is reduced, thereby reducing the transmission of vibration. On the other hand, the cavity 260 effectively absorbs the low-frequency noise generated by the vibration component, thereby further reducing the noise generated by the vibration component.

[0169] Exemplarily, the polymer layer 24 includes a first main body 2411 and a first edge 2412 surrounding the first main body 2411. The first main body 2411 is spaced apart from the metal layer 25. The first edge 2412 is fixedly connected to the metal layer 25 to form a cavity 260 between the metal layer 25 and the polymer layer 24.

[0170] In some embodiments, the vibrating member is provided with a first vibration zone and a second vibration zone. The vibration component is in working state, and the vibration of the first vibration zone is greater than the vibration of the second vibration zone. The relevant description of the vibrating member, the first vibration zone and the second vibration zone can be referred to in Example 1, and the present application will not repeat them here. Among them, the orthographic projection of the first main body 2411 on the vibrating member at least covers the first vibration zone. That is, the orthographic projection of the first main body 2411 on the vibrating member covers the area with higher noise in the vibrating member. In the embodiment of the present application, the orthographic projection of the first main body 2411 on the vibrating member covers the entire first vibration zone and part of the second vibration zone as an example for description. In other embodiments, the orthographic projection of the first main body 2411 on the vibrating member can also only cover the first vibration zone, and the present application is not limited to this.

[0171] In the embodiment of the present application, the orthographic projection of the first main body portion 2411 on the vibration component covers the first vibration area, that is, the orthographic projection of the cavity 260 formed by the polymer layer 24 and the metal layer 25 on the vibration component covers the first vibration area. The cavity 260 can effectively consume the noise generated by the vibration component, thereby effectively reducing the noise generated by the vibration component.

[0172] Please continue reading Fig.18 , Fig.18 yes Fig.13The cross-sectional schematic diagram of the housing 12 in the fourth embodiment is shown. In some embodiments, the metal layer 25 includes a second main body portion 2511 and a second edge portion 2512 arranged around the periphery of the second main body portion 2511. The second main body portion 2511 is recessed relative to the second edge portion 2512 toward a side away from the first main body portion 2411. The second edge portion 2512 is fixedly connected to the polymer layer 24.

[0173] In the embodiment of the present application, the second main body portion 2511 of the metal layer 25 is recessed relative to the second edge portion 2512, that is, the middle portion of the metal layer 25 is concave, and the polymer layer 24 is fixedly connected to the edge of the metal layer 25, so that a cavity 260 is formed between the metal layer 25 and the polymer layer 24. In the embodiment, the polymer layer 24 can also be raised 240 relative to the metal layer 25, so that a cavity 260 is formed between the polymer layer 24 and the metal layer 25.

[0174] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first edge portion 2412 of the polymer layer 24 is increased, or the thickness of the second edge portion 2512 of the metal layer 25 is increased to improve the sealing between the polymer layer 24 and the metal layer 25, and prevent noise from leaking from the cavity 260 to the outside of the vibration component, thereby further improving the noise reduction performance of the housing 12. In some other embodiments, the housing 12 can also improve the sealing between the polymer layer 24 and the metal layer 25 by increasing the number of fasteners and reducing the spacing between the fasteners.

[0175] Among them, in the first to fourth embodiments, the shell 12 includes at least a polymer layer 24 and a metal layer 25. The shell 12 may also include other layer structures, which are not limited in the present application. Among them, the number of polymer layers 24 and metal layers 25 is not limited in the present application, that is, the shell 12 can be a two-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. For example, in some embodiments, the two sides of the polymer layer 24 that are arranged opposite to each other can be provided with a metal layer 25, and the shell 12 includes a first metal layer, a polymer layer, and a second metal layer that are arranged in sequence. In other embodiments, when the polymer layer 24 is made of plastic material, the two sides of the metal layer 25 that are arranged opposite to each other can also be provided with a plastic layer, and the shell 12 includes a first plastic layer (polymer layer 24), a metal layer 25, and a second plastic layer (polymer layer 24) that are arranged in sequence.

[0176] Please continue reading Fig.19 , Fig.19 yes Fig.13 The shown housing 12 is a top view in the fifth embodiment; Fig. 20 yes Fig.19 The schematic cross-sectional view of the housing 12 is shown. In this embodiment, the vibration assembly 10 includes most of the technical features of the aforementioned embodiments, and most of the technical solutions of this embodiment that are the same as those of the aforementioned embodiments will not be described in detail.

[0177] In this embodiment, the housing 12 includes a metal layer 25 and a polymer layer 24 embedded in the metal layer 25. For example, the metal layer 25 is provided with one or more grooves. The polymer layer 24 is received in the grooves. The material used for the metal layer 25 includes a metal material. The material used for the polymer layer 24 includes a polymer material. For example, Fig. 20 The number of the grooves is only an example, and the present application does not limit this. In other embodiments, the number of the grooves in the metal layer 25 can also be only one.

[0178] In the embodiment of the present application, the polymer layer 24 in the housing 12 is embedded in the metal layer 25, and the polymer layer 24 can effectively consume the mechanical vibration generated by the vibrating member to achieve the purpose of noise reduction. At the same time, the polymer layer 24 is embedded in the metal layer 25, which effectively reduces the thickness of the housing 12 while ensuring that the housing 12 has vibration reduction, noise reduction and signal shielding.

[0179] In some embodiments, the vibrating member is provided with a first vibration zone and a second vibration zone. When the vibration component is in working state, the vibration of the first vibration zone is greater than the vibration of the second vibration zone. The relevant description of the vibrating member, the first vibration zone and the second vibration zone can be referred to in Example 1, and the present application will not repeat them here. Among them, the orthographic projection of the polymer layer 24 on the vibrating member at least covers the first vibration zone. That is, the orthographic projection of the polymer layer 24 embedded in the metal layer 25 on the vibrating member at least covers the area with larger noise in the vibrating member.

[0180] In the embodiment of the present application, the polymer layer 24 embedded in the metal layer 25 has an orthographic projection on the vibration element covering the first vibration area, and the polymer layer 24 can effectively consume the noise generated by the vibration element, thereby effectively reducing the noise generated by the vibration component.

[0181] In some embodiments, the polymer layer 24 and the metal layer 25 are integrally formed. For example, the polymer layer 24 and the metal layer 25 are integrally formed by directly prototyping the polymer layer 24 and the metal layer 25 through a mold by an in-mold injection molding process to simplify the molding process of the housing 12 .

[0182] Please continue reading Fig.21 , Fig.21 yes Fig.13 The cross-sectional view of the housing 12 in the sixth embodiment is shown. Most of the interior of the housing 12 in the sixth embodiment is the same as that in the fifth embodiment, and the present application will not repeat them here. The following mainly describes the difference between this embodiment and the fifth embodiment.

[0183] In the sixth embodiment, an air layer is formed between the polymer layer 24 and the metal layer 25. That is, the polymer layer 24 and the metal layer 25 are spaced apart from each other.

[0184] In the embodiment of the present application, an air layer 280 is formed between the polymer layer 24 and the metal layer 25. On the one hand, the direct contact area between the polymer layer 24 and the metal layer 25 is reduced, thereby reducing the transmission of vibration. On the other hand, the cavity 260 effectively absorbs the low-frequency noise generated by the vibrating component, thereby further reducing the noise generated by the vibration component.

[0185] It should be noted that in the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the housing 12 provided in the present application, the outer surface of the housing 12 is generally flat. In practical applications, the overall structure of the housing 12 can also be curved, that is, part of the structure of the housing 12 is arched relative to the internal vibrating element. For example, when part of the structure of the vibrating element in the vibration assembly 10 protrudes from the bottom shell ( Figure 2 When the second shell 122 and the third shell 133 are formed, part of the structure of the shell 12 can be arched to adapt to the different shapes of the vibrating member to cover the shell 12 with the bottom shell. Those skilled in the art can design the appearance of the shell 12 according to actual needs, and this application does not limit this.

[0186] Please continue reading Fig. 22 , Fig. 22 yes Figure 1 The vibration assembly 10 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram in another embodiment. The vibration assembly 10 includes a vibration member 201, a shielding member 202, a bottom shell 203 and a cover plate 204. The vibration member 201 vibrates and generates noise when it is in operation. Exemplarily, the vibration assembly 10 is a powertrain, a charging device, a distribution box, an autonomous driving hardware platform, a battery management system or a smart cockpit.

[0187] like Fig. 20 As shown, the bottom shell 203 is provided with a receiving space 200. The vibrating member 201 and the shielding member 202 are both received in the receiving space 200, and the shielding member 202 is located above the vibrating member 201. The cover plate 204 is located above the shielding member 202 and covers the bottom shell 203. The material used for the shielding member 202 includes a metal material. The shielding member 202 is used to prevent the electromagnetic signal generated by the vibrating member 201 from interfering with the electronic components outside the vibration assembly 10, and also to prevent the electromagnetic signal generated by the electronic components outside the vibration assembly 10 from interfering with the internal vibrating member 201.

[0188] The material used for the cover plate 204 includes a polymer material. The polymer material can be a viscoelastic material, such as rubber or asphalt; or a plastic material. The plastic material can be, but is not limited to, polycarbonate (PC), polyphenylenesulfide (PPS), ABS plastic (ABS), nylon 46 (PA46) or nylon 66 (PA66). The material used for the cover plate 204 can be one or more, and the present application does not limit this.

[0189] In the embodiment of the present application, the polymer material used in the cover plate 204 can effectively convert the mechanical vibration energy generated by the vibration member 201 into heat energy and dissipate it, thereby reducing the vibration transmitted outward by the vibration component 10, which is beneficial to reducing the noise generated by the vibration component 10, thereby improving the noise, vibration and acoustic roughness performance of the vehicle.

[0190] In this embodiment, the shielding member 202 for shielding electromagnetic signals in the vibration component 10 is accommodated in the accommodation space 200 formed by the bottom shell 203. At this time, the cover plate 204 can be made of a full polymer material and have a thicker thickness, so as to further improve the vibration reduction and noise reduction effect of the vibration component 10.

[0191] The above are only specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A housing, characterized in that: The housing comprises an outer layer, an intermediate layer and an inner layer, wherein the outer layer is located on the appearance side of the housing, the intermediate layer is located between the outer layer and the inner layer, at least one of the intermediate layer and the inner layer comprises a polymer material, and the inner layer is provided with a plurality of micro-perforations arranged at intervals; The inner layer includes a sound absorbing part and a vibration damping part offset from the sound absorbing part, the micro-perforations are located in the sound absorbing part, and the sound absorbing part is spaced apart from the middle layer, the vibration damping part contacts the middle layer, and the vibration damping part does not have the micro-perforations.

2. The housing according to claim 1, characterized in that The middle layer is provided with a sound absorbing cavity penetrating the middle layer, the sound absorbing cavity is connected to the micro-perforations, and the sound absorbing cavity is arranged corresponding to the sound absorbing part.

3. The housing according to claim 1, characterized in that The middle layer includes a flat portion and a raised portion convexly arranged on one side of the flat portion, the raised portion contacts the vibration reduction portion, and the flat portion is spaced apart from the sound absorbing portion.

4. The housing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The opening rate of the micro-perforations formed in the sound absorbing part is in the range of 0.5% to 5%.

5. The housing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The materials used for the outer layer and the inner layer both include metal materials, wherein the polymer material includes rubber, asphalt or plastic.

6. A vibration component, characterized in that: It comprises a vibrating member and a shell as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the shell is installed on the outside of the vibrating member.

7. The vibration assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that The vibration member is provided with a first vibration zone and a second vibration zone. When the vibration component is in working state, the vibration of the first vibration zone is greater than the vibration of the second vibration zone. The micro-perforations are arranged corresponding to the second vibration zone, and at least part of the positive projection of the intermediate layer on the vibration member is located in the first vibration zone.

8. A vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a vehicle body and a vibration assembly as claimed in claim 6 or 7, wherein the vehicle body is mounted on the vibration assembly.

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