Layout determination method, device, electronic device and storage medium

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a layout determination method, device, electronic device and storage medium, which relate to the field of data processing, especially to the field of big data. The specific implementation scheme is: according to the size of the substrate and the size of the multiple target products, a first layout scheme for the multiple target products is determined, the first layout scheme includes using N substrates, each of the N substrates includes at least one first strip-shaped area, and multiple first areas are obtained; according to the size of the multiple target products and the size of the multiple first areas, the placement positions of the multiple target products in the multiple first areas are adjusted to maximize the sum of the areas of the target products located in the M substrates, and a second layout scheme for the M substrates is obtained; 1≤M<N, M is an integer; and according to the first layout scheme and the second layout scheme, the target layout scheme is determined. The technical solution provided by the present disclosure will rearrange the target products in the multiple first areas, thereby improving the utilization rate of the substrate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of data processing technology, in particular to the field of big data. More specifically, the present disclosure provides a layout determination method, device, electronic device, storage medium, and computer program product. Background Art

[0002] The stock cutting problem is a combinatorial optimization problem with high computational complexity. It arises in many engineering applications, such as metal cutting in mechanical manufacturing, wood cutting in furniture, glass cutting in construction, typesetting in printing, plastics processing in the chemical industry, and fabric cutting in the apparel industry. Optimization algorithms can provide reasonable layout solutions for stock cutting, reducing material costs and streamlining cutting operations, thereby lowering production costs and improving enterprise competitiveness. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present disclosure provides a layout determination method, apparatus, electronic device, storage medium, and computer program product.

[0004] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a layout determination method is provided, comprising: determining a first layout scheme for the multiple target products based on a substrate size and a plurality of target products, the first layout scheme comprising using N substrates, each of the N substrates comprising at least one first strip-shaped area, to obtain a plurality of first areas, wherein N is an integer greater than 1; adjusting placement positions of the multiple target products in the plurality of first areas based on the sizes of the multiple target products and the sizes of the plurality of first areas, so as to maximize the sum of areas of the target products located in the M substrates, to obtain a second layout scheme for the M substrates; wherein 1≤M<N, and M is an integer; and determining a target layout scheme based on the first layout scheme and the second layout scheme.

[0005] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a layout determination device is provided, comprising: a first area determination module, a second layout scheme determination module, and a target layout scheme determination module; the first area determination module is used to determine a first layout scheme for the multiple target products based on the size of the substrate and the size of the multiple target products, the first layout scheme comprising using N substrates, each of the N substrates comprising at least one first strip-shaped area, to obtain multiple first areas, wherein N is an integer greater than 1; the second layout scheme determination module is used to adjust the placement positions of the multiple target products in the multiple first areas based on the size of the multiple target products and the size of the multiple first areas, so as to maximize the sum of the areas of the target products located in the M substrates, to obtain a second layout scheme for the M substrates; wherein 1≤M<N, and M is an integer; the target layout scheme determination module is used to determine a target layout scheme based on the first layout scheme and the second layout scheme.

[0006] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, comprising: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to execute the method provided by the present disclosure.

[0007] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions is provided, wherein the computer instructions are used to cause a computer to execute the method provided by the present disclosure.

[0008] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, which implements the method provided in the present disclosure when executed by a processor.

[0009] It should be understood that the content described in this section is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] The accompanying drawings are provided to facilitate a better understanding of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present disclosure.

[0011] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the layout determination method and apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0012] Figure 2 is a flow chart of a layout determination method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0013] Figure 3is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship among the gap region, the first region, and the second region according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0014] Figure 4 is a flow chart of a layout determination method according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0015] Figure 5 is a structural block diagram of a layout determination apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and

[0016] Figure 6 It is a structural block diagram of an electronic device used to implement the layout determination method of an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following description of exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure is made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, including various details of the embodiments of the present disclosure to facilitate understanding. These details should be considered as merely exemplary. Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications may be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. Similarly, for the sake of clarity and conciseness, descriptions of well-known functions and structures are omitted in the following description.

[0018] Figure 1 2 is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the layout determination method and apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] It should be noted that Figure 1 The examples shown are merely examples of system architectures to which the embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied, to help those skilled in the art understand the technical content of the present disclosure, but do not mean that the embodiments of the present disclosure may not be used in other devices, systems, environments or scenarios.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the system architecture 100 according to this embodiment may include terminal devices 101, 102, 103, a network 104, and a server 105. The network 104 is used as a medium for providing communication links between the terminal devices 101, 102, 103 and the server 105. The network 104 may include various connection types, such as wired and / or wireless communication links, etc.

[0021] Users can use terminal devices 101, 102, and 103 to interact with server 105 via network 104 to receive or send messages, etc. Terminal devices 101, 102, and 103 can be various electronic devices with display screens and support web browsing, including but not limited to smartphones, tablet computers, laptop computers, and desktop computers, etc.

[0022] The server 105 may be a server that provides various services, such as a background management server (for example only) that supports websites browsed by users using the terminal devices 101, 102, and 103. The background management server may analyze and process received data such as user requests, and feed back the processing results (such as the target layout solution) to the terminal device.

[0023] It should be noted that the layout determination method provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can generally be executed by the server 105. Accordingly, the layout determination apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can generally be set in the server 105. The layout determination method provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can also be executed by a server or server cluster that is different from the server 105 and can communicate with the terminal devices 101, 102, 103 and / or the server 105. Accordingly, the layout determination apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can also be set in a server or server cluster that is different from the server 105 and can communicate with the terminal devices 101, 102, 103 and / or the server 105.

[0024] It should be understood that Figure 1 The number of terminal devices, networks and servers in the embodiment is merely illustrative. Any number of terminal devices, networks and servers may be provided as required.

[0025] Figure 2 is a flowchart of a layout determination method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the layout determination method 200 may include operations S210 to S230.

[0027] In operation S210, a first layout scheme for the plurality of target products is determined based on a substrate size and a size of the plurality of target products. The first layout scheme includes using N substrates, each of the N substrates including at least one first strip-shaped region, to obtain a plurality of first regions, where N is an integer greater than 1.

[0028] The substrate is the sheet material to be cut, such as steel, wood, glass, or other materials. The substrate can be rectangular in shape. Cutting the substrate yields a target product of a predetermined size. The target product can be rectangular in shape.

[0029] The layout plan represents the cutting plan for the target product on the substrate. By determining the placement of multiple target products on N substrates, a first layout plan can be obtained. The first layout plan requires that all target products be located within the substrate, and that multiple target products do not overlap. Furthermore, the first layout plan may require that target products be placed by area. Each substrate includes at least one first area, each of which can contain at least one target product. A single target product can be placed in only one first area. The first area can be rectangular.

[0030] The disclosed embodiments do not limit the manner in which the first regions are divided on the substrate. For example, the substrate can be divided into five rectangular first regions along the width direction of the rectangular substrate. The length of each first region can be the same as the length of the substrate, and the sum of the widths of the five first regions is less than or equal to the width of the substrate. For another example, the rectangular substrate can be divided into three rectangular first regions, where the length and width of the rectangular substrate are distributed as a and b, the size of the first first region is b*02.a, the size of the second first region is 0.8a*0.4b, and the size of the third first region is 0.8a*0.6b.

[0031] The disclosed embodiments do not limit the method for determining the size of the first region. In one example, the size of the first region can be determined based on the size of the target product disposed in the region. For example, one side of the first region is equal to one side of the substrate, and another side of the first region is equal to the side of the largest target product in the first region. In another example, the substrate can be divided into multiple first regions of equal size using an equal division method.

[0032] In operation S220, the placement positions of the multiple target products in the multiple first areas are adjusted based on the sizes of the multiple target products and the sizes of the multiple first areas to maximize the sum of the areas of the target products located in the M substrates, thereby obtaining a second layout solution for the M substrates; wherein 1≤M<N, and M is an integer.

[0033] The disclosed embodiments do not limit the method for adjusting the placement of the target product. For example, the target product can be positioned within the same first region, the first region of the target product can be adjusted within the same substrate, or the target product can be moved from one substrate to a first region of another substrate.

[0034] By adjusting the placement of multiple target products in multiple first areas, a second layout solution can be obtained. The second layout solution requires that all target products in the first area can be accommodated. For example, if the width of a first area is 200 mm and the minimum side length of a target product is 300 mm, the first area cannot accommodate the target product.

[0035] The second layout solution may further require that the sum of the areas of the target products located on the M substrates is maximized. The overall utilization rate of the M substrates may be calculated, and the second layout solution may be determined based on the overall utilization rate.

[0036] In one example, the placement of multiple target products within multiple first areas can be adjusted to obtain a candidate layout solution and its overall utilization rate. The overall utilization rate is then compared to a predetermined utilization rate, which can be 95% or another value. If the overall utilization rate is less than the predetermined utilization rate, the placement of the multiple target products within the multiple first areas is readjusted until the overall utilization rate is greater than or equal to the predetermined utilization rate, and the candidate layout solution at this point is determined as the second layout solution.

[0037] In another example, the placement positions of multiple target products in multiple first areas can be adjusted a predetermined number of times to obtain multiple candidate layout solutions and multiple overall utilization rates for M substrates, with the candidate layout solutions corresponding to the overall utilization rates. The candidate layout solution with the highest overall utilization rate among the multiple candidate layout solutions is then determined as the second layout solution.

[0038] In one example, the M substrates may be pre-selected from N substrates. For example, during the process of setting up a target product, the last substrate used may be the substrate with the lowest utilization rate. Therefore, the first N-1 substrates may be selected as the M substrates. In other examples, the difference between N and M may be other values.

[0039] In operation S230 , a target layout scheme is determined according to the first layout scheme and the second layout scheme.

[0040] For example, the utilization rates of the first layout scheme and the second layout scheme are calculated, and the target layout scheme is determined based on the scheme with the larger utilization rate.

[0041] In one technical solution, after obtaining a first layout solution, the first layout solution can be used as a target layout solution. Compared to this technical solution, the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure re-arranges the target products in the multiple first areas after obtaining the first layout solution, adjusting the positions of the multiple target products on the M substrates to arrange as many target products as possible on the M substrates, reducing the number of target products arranged on the remaining substrates in the N substrates other than the M substrates, thereby improving substrate utilization.

[0042] It should be noted that the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the number of first layout solutions.

[0043] In one example, only one first layout scheme may be determined, and then optimization is performed based on the first layout scheme to obtain a second layout scheme, and a target layout scheme is determined based on the first layout scheme and the second layout scheme.

[0044] In another example, multiple first layout solutions can be determined in different ways, and then a predetermined number of first layout solutions with higher utilization rates can be selected. Each of the selected first layout solutions with higher utilization rates can be optimized to obtain a second layout solution corresponding to each first layout solution. A target layout solution can then be determined based on the predetermined number of first layout solutions and the predetermined number of second layout solutions.

[0045] For example, by adjusting the order of the target products, 10,000 first layout plans are obtained. From these, 20 first layout plans with high utilization rates are selected. The utilization rate of a first layout plan can be determined based on the number of substrates used. If the number of substrates used is the same, the utilization rate can also be determined based on the utilization rate of the last substrate used. Second layout plans are then determined that correspond one-to-one with the 20 first layout plans, resulting in 20 second layout plans. The target layout plan is then determined based on the 20 first layout plans and the 20 second layout plans.

[0046] Compared to a method of determining only one first layout scheme, the technical solution provided in this example optimizes multiple first layout schemes, thereby improving the utilization rate of the target layout scheme.

[0047] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the operation of determining a first layout solution for a plurality of target products according to a substrate size and sizes of the plurality of target products may include the following operations.

[0048] First, multiple target products are sorted to obtain a second product sequence. Then, according to the order of the target products in the second product sequence, the following operations are performed on each of the multiple target products in turn: a target placement position of each target product is determined according to the order of the gap area, the first area, the second area, and the next substrate.

[0049] In one example, the target products may be sorted according to size, such as in descending or ascending order of size, where the size may include any one of length, width, and area. In another example, the target products may be sorted randomly.

[0050] The first side length and the second side length may represent the lengths of two connected sides of a rectangle, for example, one of the first side length and the second side length is the length of the target product and the other is the width of the target product. The embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the length relationship between the length and the width.

[0051] In one example, when a substrate is provided with multiple target products, the first side length may represent the side length in the X direction, and the second side length may represent the side length in the Y direction, with the X and Y directions being perpendicular to each other. For example, the first sides of the substrate and the multiple target products are parallel to each other, and the second sides of the substrate and the multiple target products are parallel to each other.

[0052] The sizes of the void area, the first area, and the second area are determined as follows: the first side length of the first area is determined based on the first side length of the substrate in which the first area is located, for example, the first side length of the first area is equal to the first side length of the substrate in which the first area is located. The second side length of the first area is determined based on the second side length of the first target product in the first area, for example, the second side length of the first area is greater than or equal to the second side length of the first target product in the first area. The first side length of the void area is determined based on the first side length of the first target product in the void area, for example, the first side length of the void area is greater than or equal to the first side length of the first target product in the void area. The second side length of the void area is determined based on the second side length of the first area in which the void area is located, for example, the second side length of the void area is less than or equal to the second side length of the first area in which the void area is located. The second area is the area in the substrate excluding the void area.

[0053] According to the above-mentioned sizing method, each substrate includes at least one first stripe region, and the area of ​​the substrate other than the first stripe region is called the second stripe region. Each first stripe region includes at least one gap region, in which at least one target product is placed.

[0054] For ease of understanding, the following Figure 3 The positional relationship between the gap region, the first region, and the second region will be described. Figure 3 The dashed lines are for easy distinction between different areas. In the disclosed embodiment 300, products a, b, c, and d are positioned as shown. The dimensions of the first first area 310 are L1*L2, the dimensions of the second first area 320 are L1*L3, and the dimensions of the second area 330 are L1*L4. The first first area 310 includes two gap areas: the first gap area 340 measures L2*L5, and the second gap area 350 measures L2*L6.

[0055] The order of target placement locations for target products may be determined in the following manner.

[0056] Priority is given to the void areas included in the used substrate. If multiple void areas can accommodate the target product, the void area with the smallest area can be selected from the multiple void areas to place the target product, or a void area can be randomly selected from the multiple void areas to place the target product.

[0057] If the target product cannot fit into the void area of ​​the used substrate, consider placing the target product in an existing first area. For example, from multiple first areas that can accommodate the target product, select the smallest first area to place the target product. Alternatively, randomly select one first area from multiple first areas to place the target product.

[0058] If the target product cannot be placed in the first area included in the used substrate, consider placing the target product in an existing second area. If the product is placed in a second area, a portion of the second area will be converted into a new first area, and the remaining area of ​​the second area can be used as the updated second area.

[0059] If the target product cannot fit within the second region of the already used substrate, consider adding a new substrate and placing the target product within the new substrate. After the target product is placed within the new substrate, the dimensions of the first and second regions within the new substrate can be determined based on the dimensions of the new substrate and the target product. If additional target products are placed within the first region of the substrate, the dimensions of the gap region within the first region of the substrate can also be determined.

[0060] The above operation of determining the target placement positions of the target products is repeated until the target placement positions of all target products in the second product sequence are determined, thereby obtaining a first layout solution corresponding to the second product sequence.

[0061] By adopting the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the target products are placed according to the priority of the gap area, the first area, the second area, and the next substrate, so that the substrate can accommodate more target products, thereby improving the utilization rate of the substrate.

[0062] In addition, each substrate includes multiple first areas, and each first area can be regarded as a layer, so that multiple target products can be placed in layers on the substrate, so that the first layout solution can meet the "one size fits all" constraint.

[0063] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the operation of determining a first layout solution for a plurality of target products according to a substrate size and sizes of the plurality of target products may include the following operations.

[0064] First, multiple target products are sorted to obtain a second product sequence. For example, the second product sequence can be determined by referring to the solution described above.

[0065] Then, based on the order of the target products in the second product sequence, the size of the substrate, and the size of the multiple target products, the placement position of each of the multiple target products is determined to obtain a first layout solution. For example, the method for determining the first layout solution can refer to the solution described above.

[0066] Then, a utilization rate of each of the plurality of substrates used in the first layout solution is determined, wherein the utilization rate represents a ratio of the sum of the areas of the target products on the substrates to the area of ​​the substrates.

[0067] Then, at least two target products are numbered from at least two substrates with different utilization rates among the plurality of substrates. For example, one or another number of target products may be selected from the substrate with the lowest utilization rate, and another or another number of target products may be selected from the substrate with the lowest utilization rate, and the numbers of the selected target products in the second product sequence may be determined.

[0068] Then, the multiple target products are reordered based on the numbers of at least two target products. For example, if two target products are selected, their numbers can be swapped to obtain a new second product sequence. If multiple target products are selected, the numbers of the multiple target products can be randomly shuffled to obtain a new second product sequence.

[0069] In practical applications, after obtaining a second product sequence, the target products can be sorted multiple times using the above transformation rules to obtain a new second product sequence, and a first layout solution corresponding to the updated second product sequence can be determined. This process can be repeated a predetermined number of times to obtain multiple first layout solutions, and then the first layout solution with a higher utilization rate can be selected, while the first layout solution with a lower utilization rate can be discarded.

[0070] By adopting the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the order of the second product sequence can be adjusted according to the utilization rate, thereby having a greater probability of obtaining a first layout solution with higher utilization rate, thereby achieving the effect of improving the utilization rate of the substrate.

[0071] It should be understood that in other embodiments, the order of the second product sequence may also be adjusted by other transformation rules.

[0072] In one example, a subsequence can be randomly selected from the historical second product sequence and the order of the subsequences can be reversed. For example, if the historical second product sequence is a sequence from 1 to 10, and the subsequence is from 3 to 5, then the reversed second product sequence is 1, 2, 5, 4, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.

[0073] In another example, two subsequences may be randomly selected from the historical second product sequence, with the lengths of the subsequences being random, and then the positions of the two subsequences may be swapped as a whole.

[0074] In another example, the historical second product sequence can be segmented. For example, if the group length is n, it means that every n target products are divided into a subsequence, thereby obtaining multiple subsequences, each of which is assigned a subsequence number. Then, at least some of the subsequence numbers are randomly shuffled, and the order of the n target products in the same subsequence can remain unchanged.

[0075] It should be understood that the above methods for adjusting the order of the second product sequences may be combined. For example, the method in one example may be used to adjust the first second product sequence to obtain the second second product sequence order, and then the method in another example may be used to adjust the second second product sequence to obtain the third second product sequence order.

[0076] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the layout determination method may further include the following operation: after obtaining the multiple first regions, adjusting the placement positions of the multiple first regions in the N substrates to maximize the sum of the areas of the first regions located in the M substrates.

[0077] The disclosed embodiments do not limit the manner in which the first region placement is adjusted. For example, the arrangement of multiple first regions on the same substrate may be changed. For example, a first region may be moved from one substrate to another.

[0078] In one technical solution, after determining the first layout scheme, the positions and sizes of the multiple first regions can be maintained unchanged while adjusting the placement of the multiple target products. Compared to this technical solution, the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure re-arranges the first regions in the M substrates after obtaining the first layout scheme, adjusting the positions of the multiple first regions in the M substrates. This allows the M substrates to have as many first regions as possible, thereby allowing the multiple first regions in the M substrates to have more space to accommodate the target products, thereby improving substrate utilization.

[0079] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the first side length of each of the plurality of first regions is parallel to the first side length of the substrate on which the first region is located. Accordingly, adjusting the placement of the plurality of first regions in N substrates to maximize the sum of the areas of the first regions located in the M substrates may include the following: adjusting the placement of the plurality of first regions in the N substrates based on the second side length of each of the plurality of first regions and the second side length of each of the M substrates to maximize the sum of the second side lengths of the first regions located in the M substrates.

[0080] Illustratively, during the process of adjusting the placement of multiple first regions, each first region can be moved as a combined piece, and the multiple first regions can be combined and optimized so that the second side length of the first region fills the second side length of the M substrates as much as possible.

[0081] For example, the process of determining the placement positions of multiple first regions in N substrates can be solved as a one-dimensional packing problem. During the solution process, the second side length of the first region and the second side length of the substrate are mainly considered, and the area of ​​the first region, the length of the first region and the length of the substrate can be ignored. Therefore, the solution process is relatively simple and the calculation amount is small, thereby improving the calculation efficiency.

[0082] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the operation of adjusting the placement positions of the plurality of target products in the plurality of first areas based on the sizes of the plurality of target products and the sizes of the plurality of first areas may include the following operation: adjusting the placement positions of the plurality of target products in the plurality of first areas when predetermined conditions are satisfied. The predetermined conditions may include: the number of times each of the plurality of target products is set is less than or equal to 1, the first side length of each of the plurality of first areas is greater than or equal to the sum of the first side lengths of the plurality of target products set in the first area; and the second side length of each of the plurality of first areas is greater than or equal to the maximum value of the second side lengths of the plurality of target products set in the first area.

[0083] For example, a knapsack algorithm can be used to determine the second layout solution. The parameters of the knapsack model include the capacity of the knapsack, the volume of the items, and the value of the items. The optimization goal is to maximize the value of the items in the knapsack. In the disclosed embodiment, the capacity of each knapsack corresponds to the first side length of a first region, the volume of the items corresponds to the first side length of the target product, and the value of the items corresponds to the area of ​​the target product. The goal of the knapsack algorithm in the disclosed embodiment is to maximize the sum of the areas of the target products in the M substrates.

[0084] In one example, the second layout solution may be determined according to a target formula.

[0085] The target formula includes:

[0086] F(x)=max∑ j w i x i，j (Formula 1)

[0087] Constraints can include:

[0088]

[0089] ∑ i h i x i，j ≤L (Formula 3)

[0090] In the above formula, i represents the target product, j represents the first region, and x i，j Indicates setting the target product i to the first area j, w i represents the area of ​​target product i, h i represents the first side length of the target product i, and L represents the first side length of the first region j.

[0091] Formula 1 represents finding the sum of the areas of the target products in all first regions of the M substrates, with the goal of maximizing the sum of the areas. j is equal to the number of first regions in the M substrates.

[0092] Formula 2 indicates that for any target product, the target product is placed in multiple first areas of the M substrate less than or equal to 1 time, that is, the target product may not be set in the M substrate, or may be set in only one first area of ​​the M substrate.

[0093] Formula 3 indicates that for any first region of the M substrates, the sum of the first side lengths of the multiple target products placed in the same first region is less than or equal to the side length of the first region. It should be noted that if the same gap region includes at least two target products, the target products in the gap region can be separated and the sum of the first side lengths of the target products can be calculated separately. Alternatively, the multiple target products in the gap region can be treated as a combined unit and moved as a whole during the position adjustment process. In this case, the first side length of the gap region can be used as the sum of the first side lengths of the multiple target products in the gap region for calculation purposes.

[0094] In other embodiments, the constraints may further include:

[0095]

[0096] In the above formula, i1 represents the target product i before rotation, i2 represents the target product i after rotation, and setC represents the set including the target product before rotation and the target product after rotation.

[0097] Formula 4 indicates that the target product can be rotated during placement to fit the remaining space on the substrate. For two rotating parts of the same target product, the sum of the number of times they are placed on M substrates is less than or equal to 1.

[0098] In other embodiments, the constraints may further include:

[0099] x i，j =0, if i∈SetP(j) (Formula 5)

[0100] In the above formula, SetP(j) represents the set of target products i that cannot be placed in the first region j.

[0101] Formula 5 states: For any first region of the M substrates, if the target product cannot be placed in that first region, then the number of placements of that target product on the M substrates is 0. Preprocessing can be performed to determine SetP(j) corresponding to each first region. When subsequently determining the target product in the first region, there is no need to consider placing the target product in SetP(j) in that first region, thereby improving computational efficiency.

[0102] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the layout determination method may further include the following operation: after obtaining a second layout solution for M substrates, the remaining substrates are substrates other than the M substrates in the N substrates, and if it is determined that the M substrates can accommodate at least one remaining target product from the remaining substrates, the placement position of the at least one remaining target product is determined from the M substrates to obtain a third layout solution for multiple target products. Accordingly, the operation of determining a target layout solution based on the first layout solution and the second layout solution may include the following operation: determining the target layout solution based on the first layout solution and the third layout solution.

[0103] For example, the size of the remaining target product on the remaining substrate can be compared with the size of the remaining space in the M substrates to determine whether the M substrates can accommodate the remaining target product. If there is a remaining area in the M substrates that can accommodate the remaining target product, the remaining target product can be placed in the M substrates. If there is no remaining area in the M substrates that can accommodate the remaining target product, the remaining target product can be placed on the remaining substrate.

[0104] For example, the utilization rates of the first layout solution and the third layout solution may be calculated, and the solution with the greater utilization rate may be determined as the target layout solution.

[0105] By adopting the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, after obtaining the second layout solution, it is possible to attempt to arrange the target products on the remaining substrates in the M substrates, thereby further improving the overall utilization rate of the M substrates.

[0106] In one example, the remaining target product can be randomly selected from the remaining substrate, and then the candidate areas in the M substrates are traversed. If a candidate area that can accommodate the remaining target product is found, the remaining target product is set in the candidate area. If no candidate area that can accommodate the remaining target product is found, the remaining target product is retained on the remaining substrate.

[0107] In another example, the operation of determining the placement position of at least one remaining target product from the M substrates may include the following operations.

[0108] First, at least one remaining target product is sorted in descending order of size to obtain a first product sequence. Then, according to the order of the remaining target products in the first product sequence, the following operations are performed on each of the at least one remaining target product in turn: at least one candidate area in the M substrates that can accommodate each remaining target product is determined, and each remaining target product is placed in the candidate area with the smallest area among the at least one candidate area.

[0109] It should be noted that the candidate area refers to an area in the substrate where no target product is set, and the candidate area may include any one of the gap area, the first area, and the second area mentioned above.

[0110] Using the technical solution provided in this example, the remaining target products are arranged in descending order of size. For each remaining target product, when multiple candidate regions are determined on the M substrates, the candidate region with the smallest area is preferentially selected for placement. Therefore, the remaining regions of the M substrates can be fully utilized, allowing the M substrates to accommodate as many remaining target products as possible, thereby improving the utilization rate of the M substrates.

[0111] Figure 4 is a flowchart of a layout determination method according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0112] In the embodiment 400 of the present disclosure, the layout determination method in this embodiment includes two processing stages.

[0113] The first processing stage may include operation S410 , ie, determining a first layout solution.

[0114] For example, multiple target products can be sorted to obtain an initial second product sequence. Transformation rules can be used to adjust the sequence multiple times to obtain multiple adjusted second product sequences. For each second product sequence, the target products are placed according to the priority of the gap area, the first area, the second area, and the next substrate, resulting in multiple candidate first layout solutions. The utilization rate of each candidate first layout solution can also be calculated. Based on the utilization rate, a subset of the candidate first layout solutions are selected as the first layout solution.

[0115] Alternatively, in the first layout scheme, the first side length of the substrate may be parallel to and equal to the first side length of the first region in the substrate.

[0116] The second processing stage is to optimize the first layout solution obtained in the first stage to obtain a third layout solution. The second processing stage may include operations S420 to S450.

[0117] In operation S420 , the placement positions of the plurality of first regions in the N substrates are adjusted according to a one-dimensional binning algorithm so that the sum of the second side lengths of the first regions located in the first N−1 substrates is maximized.

[0118] In operation S430 , the placement positions of the plurality of target products in the plurality of first regions are adjusted according to the knapsack algorithm so that the sum of the areas of the target products located in the first N−1 substrates is maximized.

[0119] In operation S440 , at least one remaining target product on the remaining substrate is arranged in the first N−1 substrates to obtain a third layout solution.

[0120] In operation S450 , a target layout scheme is determined based on the first layout scheme and the third layout scheme. For example, a layout scheme with a larger utilization rate is selected from the first layout scheme and the third layout scheme as the target layout scheme.

[0121] Figure 5 4 is a structural block diagram of a layout determination device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0122] like Figure 5 As shown, the layout determination apparatus 500 may include a first region determination module 510 , a second layout scheme determination module 520 , and a target layout scheme determination module 530 .

[0123] The first region determination module 510 is configured to determine a first layout solution for the plurality of target products based on a substrate size and a plurality of target products, wherein the first layout solution includes using N substrates, each of the N substrates including at least one first region in a strip shape, to obtain a plurality of first regions, where N is an integer greater than 1;

[0124] The second layout solution determining module 520 is configured to adjust the placement positions of the target products in the first regions based on the sizes of the target products and the first regions, so as to maximize the sum of the areas of the target products located on the M substrates, thereby obtaining a second layout solution for the M substrates; wherein 1≤M<N, and M is an integer; and

[0125] The target layout scheme determining module 530 is configured to determine a target layout scheme according to the first layout scheme and the second layout scheme.

[0126] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned device also includes an adjustment model, which is used to adjust the placement positions of the multiple first regions in N substrates after obtaining the multiple first regions so as to maximize the sum of the areas of the first regions located in M ​​substrates.

[0127] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first side length of each first region in the multiple first regions is parallel to the first side length of the substrate on which the first region is located; the adjustment model is also used to adjust the placement positions of the multiple first regions in the N substrates based on the second side length of each first region in the multiple first regions and the second side length of each substrate in the M substrates, so that the sum of the second side lengths of the first regions located in the M substrates is maximized.

[0128] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned device also includes a third layout scheme determination module, which is used to, after obtaining the second layout scheme for M substrates, determine the placement position of at least one remaining target product from the M substrates when it is determined that the M substrates can accommodate at least one remaining target product among the remaining substrates, and obtain a third layout scheme for multiple target products; the remaining substrates are substrates other than the M substrates among the N substrates; the target layout scheme determination module is also used to determine the target layout scheme based on the first layout scheme and the third layout scheme.

[0129] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the third layout scheme determination module includes a first product sequence determination submodule and a candidate area determination submodule. The first product sequence determination submodule is used to sort at least one remaining target product according to descending size to obtain a first product sequence. The candidate area determination submodule is used to sequentially perform the following operations on each of the at least one remaining target product according to the order of the remaining target products in the first product sequence: determining at least one candidate area in the M substrates that can accommodate each remaining target product; and placing each remaining target product in the candidate area with the smallest area among the at least one candidate area.

[0130] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second layout scheme determination module is also used to adjust the placement positions of multiple target products in multiple first areas when predetermined conditions are met, wherein the predetermined conditions include: the number of times each of the multiple target products is set is less than or equal to 1 time; the first side length of each first area in the multiple first areas is greater than or equal to the sum of the first side lengths of several target products set in the first area; and the second side length of each first area in the multiple first areas is greater than or equal to the maximum value of the second side lengths of several target products set in the first area.

[0131] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second layout scheme determination module includes an information determination submodule and a second layout scheme determination submodule. The information determination submodule is configured to adjust the placement positions of multiple target products in multiple first areas a predetermined number of times to obtain multiple candidate layout schemes and multiple utilization rates for M substrates. The second layout scheme determination submodule is configured to determine the candidate layout scheme with the highest utilization rate among the multiple candidate layout schemes as the second layout scheme.

[0132] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first area determination module includes: a first layout scheme determination submodule, a second sequence determination submodule, a utilization determination submodule, and a number determination submodule. The second sequence determination submodule is used to sort multiple target products to obtain a second product sequence; the first layout scheme determination submodule is used to determine the placement position of each target product in the multiple target products based on the order of the target products in the second product sequence, the substrate size, and the size of the multiple target products to obtain the first layout scheme; the utilization determination submodule is used to determine the utilization rate of each substrate in the multiple substrates used in the first layout scheme; the number determination submodule is used to determine the numbers of at least two target products from at least two substrates with different utilization rates among the multiple substrates; the second sequence determination submodule is also used to re-sort the multiple target products based on the numbers of the at least two target products.

[0133] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first area determination module includes a second product sequence determination submodule and a target placement position determination submodule. The second product sequence determination submodule is used to sort multiple target products to obtain a second product sequence. The target placement position determination submodule is used to perform the following operations on each of the multiple target products in sequence according to the order of the target products in the second product sequence: determine the target placement position of each target product according to the order of the gap area, the first area, the second area, and the next substrate; wherein the first side length of the first area is determined according to the first side length of the substrate in which the first area is located, the second side length of the first area is determined according to the second side length of the first target product in the first area, the first side length of the gap area is determined according to the first side length of the first target product in the gap area, the second side length of the gap area is determined according to the second side length of the first area in which the gap area is located, and the second area is the area in the substrate other than the gap area.

[0134] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the present disclosure also provides an electronic device, a readable storage medium, and a computer program product.

[0135] Figure 6 A schematic block diagram of an example electronic device 600 that can be used to implement embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital assistants, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices, and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are provided as examples only and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present disclosure described and / or claimed herein.

[0136] like Figure 6 As shown, the device 600 includes a computing unit 601, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a computer program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 602 or a computer program loaded from a storage unit 608 into a random access memory (RAM) 603. Various programs and data required for the operation of the device 600 can also be stored in the RAM 603. The computing unit 601, the ROM 602, and the RAM 603 are connected to each other via a bus 604. An input / output (I / O) interface 605 is also connected to the bus 604.

[0137] Various components in device 600 are connected to I / O interface 605, including an input unit 606, such as a keyboard, mouse, etc.; an output unit 607, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 608, such as a magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 609, such as a network card, modem, wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 609 allows device 600 to exchange information / data with other devices via a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0138] The computing unit 601 can be a variety of general-purpose and / or specialized processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the computing unit 601 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various dedicated artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various computing units that run machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any appropriate processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The computing unit 601 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as the layout determination method. For example, in some embodiments, the layout determination method can be implemented as a computer software program that is tangibly contained in a machine-readable medium, such as the storage unit 608. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed on the device 600 via the ROM 602 and / or the communication unit 609. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 603 and executed by the computing unit 601, one or more steps of the layout determination method described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the computing unit 601 can be configured to perform the layout determination method in any other appropriate manner (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0139] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), system-on-chip systems (SOCs), programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments can include being implemented in one or more computer programs that are executable and / or interpreted on a programmable system that includes at least one programmable processor, which can be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0140] The program code for implementing the method of the present disclosure can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes can be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device so that when the program code is executed by the processor or controller, the functions / operations specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram are implemented. The program code can be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0141] In the context of the present disclosure, a machine-readable medium can be a tangible medium that can contain or store a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device or equipment. A machine-readable medium can be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable medium can include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device or equipment, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A more specific example of a machine-readable storage medium can include an electrical connection based on one or more lines, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0142] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on a computer having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the computer. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0143] The systems and techniques described herein can be implemented in a computing system that includes back-end components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes front-end components (e.g., a user computer having a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such back-end components, middleware components, or front-end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), and the Internet.

[0144] Computer systems may include clients and servers. A client and server are generally remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The client and server relationship arises through computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other.

[0145] In the technical solutions disclosed herein, the collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision and disclosure of data involved are in compliance with the provisions of relevant laws and regulations and do not violate public order and good morals.

[0146] It should be understood that the various forms of the processes shown above can be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this disclosure can be performed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, as long as the desired results of the technical solutions disclosed in this disclosure can be achieved. This is not a limitation herein.

[0147] The above specific embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions may be made based on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure shall be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A layout determination method, comprising: Determining a first layout solution for the plurality of target products based on a substrate size and a plurality of target products, the first layout solution comprising using N substrates, each of the N substrates comprising at least one first strip-shaped region, to obtain a plurality of first regions, where N is an integer greater than 1; a first side length of the first region being equal to a first side length of the substrate, and a second side length of the first region being equal to a second side length of the largest target product in the first region; Adjusting placement of the plurality of first regions in the N substrates according to the second side length of each first region in the plurality of first regions and the second side length of each substrate in the M substrates so that the sum of the second side lengths of the first regions in the M substrates is maximized; Adjusting, based on the sizes of the plurality of target products and the sizes of the plurality of first areas, the placement positions of the plurality of target products in the plurality of first areas so as to maximize the sum of the areas of the target products located on the M substrates, thereby obtaining a second layout solution for the M substrates; wherein 1≤M<N, M is an integer, and the substrates other than the M substrates in the N substrates are remaining substrates; In a case where it is determined that the M substrates can accommodate at least one remaining target product among the remaining substrates, determining a placement position of the at least one remaining target product from the M substrates to obtain a third layout solution for the plurality of target products, including: sorting the at least one remaining target product in descending order of size to obtain a first product sequence; and performing the following operations on each of the at least one remaining target product in sequence according to the order of the remaining target products in the first product sequence: determining at least one candidate area among the M substrates that can accommodate each remaining target product; and placing each remaining target product in a candidate area with the smallest area among the at least one candidate area; and A target layout scheme is determined according to the first layout scheme and the third layout scheme.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein A first side length of each first region in the plurality of first regions is parallel to a first side length of a substrate where the first region is located.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein The adjusting the placement positions of the plurality of target products in the plurality of first areas according to the sizes of the plurality of target products and the sizes of the plurality of first areas comprises: When a predetermined condition is met, adjusting the placement positions of the plurality of target products in the plurality of first areas, wherein the predetermined condition includes: The number of times each target product in the multiple target products is set is less than or equal to 1; A first side length of each of the plurality of first areas is greater than or equal to a sum of first side lengths of a plurality of target products arranged in the first area; and The second side length of each first area in the plurality of first areas is greater than or equal to the maximum value of the second side lengths of a plurality of target products arranged in the first area.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein Adjusting placement positions of the plurality of target products in the plurality of first areas so as to maximize the sum of areas of the target products located in the M substrates, and obtaining a second layout solution for the M substrates includes: Adjusting the placement positions of the plurality of target products in the plurality of first areas a predetermined number of times to obtain a plurality of candidate layout solutions and a plurality of utilization rates for the M substrates; and The candidate layout solution with the highest utilization rate among the multiple candidate layout solutions is determined as the second layout solution.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: Determining a first layout solution for the plurality of target products according to a size of the substrate and sizes of the plurality of target products includes: Sorting the multiple target products to obtain a second product sequence; determining a placement position of each target product in the plurality of target products according to the order of the target products in the second product sequence, the size of the substrate, and the sizes of the plurality of target products, to obtain a first layout plan; determining a utilization rate of each substrate among a plurality of substrates used by the first layout solution; determining numbers of at least two target products, respectively, from at least two substrates having different utilization rates among the plurality of substrates; and The multiple target products are reordered according to the serial numbers of the at least two target products.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: Determining a first layout solution for the plurality of target products according to a size of the substrate and sizes of the plurality of target products includes: Sorting the plurality of target products to obtain a second product sequence; and According to the order of the target products in the second product sequence, the following operations are performed on each of the multiple target products in sequence: determining a target placement position for each target product according to the order of the gap area, the first area, the second area, and the next substrate; Among them, the first side length of the gap area is determined according to the first side length of the first target product in the gap area, the second side length of the gap area is determined according to the second side length of the first area where the gap area is located, and the second area is the area in the substrate excluding the gap area.

7. A layout determination device, comprising: a first region determination module, configured to determine a first layout solution for the plurality of target products based on a substrate size and a plurality of target products, wherein the first layout solution includes using N substrates, each of the N substrates including at least one first strip-shaped region, to obtain a plurality of first regions, where N is an integer greater than 1; a first side length of the first region is equal to a first side length of the substrate, and a second side length of the first region is equal to a second side length of the largest target product in the first region; an adjustment module, configured to adjust placement positions of the plurality of first regions in the N substrates based on the second side length of each first region in the plurality of first regions and the second side length of each substrate in the M substrates, so as to maximize the sum of the second side lengths of the first regions located in the M substrates; a second layout solution determining module, configured to adjust placement positions of the plurality of target products in the plurality of first areas based on sizes of the plurality of target products and sizes of the plurality of first areas, so as to maximize the sum of areas of the target products located on the M substrates, thereby obtaining a second layout solution for the M substrates; wherein 1≤M<N, M is an integer; and substrates other than the M substrates in the N substrates are remaining substrates; and a third layout solution determining module configured to, after obtaining the second layout solution for the M substrates, determine a placement position of the at least one remaining target product from the M substrates if it is determined that the M substrates can accommodate at least one remaining target product among the remaining substrates, thereby obtaining a third layout solution for the plurality of target products; a target layout scheme determining module, configured to determine a target layout scheme according to the first layout scheme and the third layout scheme; The third layout scheme determination module includes: A first product sequence determination submodule is configured to sort the at least one remaining target product in descending order of size to obtain a first product sequence; and The candidate area determination submodule is used to perform the following operations on each of the at least one remaining target product in sequence according to the order of the remaining target products in the first product sequence: determining at least one candidate area in the M substrates that can accommodate each remaining target product; and setting each remaining target product in the candidate area with the smallest area among the at least one candidate area.

8. The device according to claim 7, wherein A first side length of each first region in the plurality of first regions is parallel to a first side length of a substrate where the first region is located.

9. The device according to claim 7, wherein The second layout solution determination module is further configured to adjust placement positions of the plurality of target products in the plurality of first areas when a predetermined condition is met, wherein the predetermined condition includes: The number of times each target product in the multiple target products is set is less than or equal to 1; A first side length of each of the plurality of first areas is greater than or equal to a sum of first side lengths of a plurality of target products arranged in the first area; and The second side length of each first area in the plurality of first areas is greater than or equal to the maximum value of the second side lengths of a plurality of target products arranged in the first area.

10. The device according to claim 7, wherein The second layout scheme determining module includes: an information determination submodule, configured to adjust the placement positions of the plurality of target products in the plurality of first areas a predetermined number of times to obtain a plurality of candidate layout solutions and a plurality of utilization rates for the M substrates; and The second layout scheme determining submodule is configured to determine the candidate layout scheme with the highest utilization rate among the multiple candidate layout schemes as the second layout scheme.

11. The device according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein: The first area determination module includes: A second sequence determination submodule, configured to sort the plurality of target products to obtain a second product sequence; a first layout plan determination submodule, configured to determine a placement position of each target product in the plurality of target products according to the order of the target products in the second product sequence, the size of the substrate, and the sizes of the plurality of target products, to obtain a first layout plan; a utilization rate determining submodule, configured to determine a utilization rate of each substrate among the plurality of substrates used in the first layout solution; and a serial number determination submodule, configured to determine serial numbers of at least two target products from at least two substrates with different utilization rates among the plurality of substrates; The second sequence determination submodule is further configured to re-order the plurality of target products according to serial numbers of the at least two target products.

12. The device according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein: The first area determination module includes: A second product sequence determination submodule is configured to sort the plurality of target products to obtain a second product sequence; and The target placement position determination submodule is configured to sequentially perform the following operations on each of the plurality of target products according to the order of the target products in the second product sequence: determining a target placement position for each target product according to the order of the gap area, the first area, the second area, and the next substrate; Among them, the first side length of the gap area is determined according to the first side length of the first target product in the gap area, the second side length of the gap area is determined according to the second side length of the first area where the gap area is located, and the second area is the area in the substrate excluding the gap area.

13. An electronic device comprising: at least one processor; as well as a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

14. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, wherein: The computer instructions are used to cause the computer to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

15. A computer program product comprising a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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