A Flange-Type Hollow Long Axis Upsetting Forging Die and Process

Abstract

The present invention discloses a forging and upsetting forming die and process for a hollow long shaft with a flange. The die includes a punch, a guiding die, a first upsetting die, a second upsetting die, a forming die, and a bottom die. The bottom die is provided with a bottom die mandrel for passing through one end of a hollow blank. The guiding die is sleeved on the end of the hollow blank away from the bottom die. The punch is provided with a punch mandrel, and the punch mandrel can pass through the guiding die and be inserted into the hollow blank. The end of the guiding die away from the punch is used for arranging the first upsetting die, the second upsetting die, or the forming die. Die cavities are respectively formed in the first upsetting die and the second upsetting die, and a flange forming groove is formed in the forming die. The forging and upsetting forming process for the hollow long shaft with a flange provided based on the above die can realize the forging and forming of the hollow shaft with a flange, greatly reduce the machining working hours and processes, and the machined workpiece has good mechanical properties.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of machining, and in particular to a forging and upsetting forming die and process for a hollow long shaft with a flange. Background Art

[0002] The iron and steel industry has strongly supported and driven the development of related industries, and promoted social employment. Hollow shaft parts are the most common type of parts in the machinery industry and are widely used in fields such as automobiles, motorcycles, and energy extraction. At present, in the forming process of a long shaft with a flange, due to the complex structure of the workpiece, a large amount of machining is often used to form the long shaft with a flange, which is time-consuming and laborious, cannot meet the production requirements of mass production, and because of a large number of machining processes, the metal streamline is discontinuous, and the mechanical properties of the machined workpiece are also inferior to those of the forged workpiece. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a reliable production process and die for forging and forming a hollow long shaft with a flange. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a forging and upsetting forming die and process for a hollow long shaft with a flange, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, and be able to realize the forging and forming of a hollow shaft with a flange, greatly reduce the machining man-hours and processes, and the machined workpiece has good mechanical properties.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a forging and upsetting forming die for a hollow long shaft with a flange, including a punch, a guiding die, a first upsetting die, a second upsetting die, a forming die, and a bottom die; the bottom die is provided with a bottom die mandrel for passing through one end of a hollow blank, the guiding die is sleeved on the end of the hollow blank far from the bottom die, the punch is provided with a punch mandrel, and the punch mandrel can pass through the guiding die and be inserted into the hollow blank to play a role in guiding the metal flow direction and preventing deformation and instability. The end of the guiding die far from the punch is used to set the first upsetting die, the second upsetting die, or the forming die; a die cavity is respectively opened in the first upsetting die and the second upsetting die, and a flange forming groove is opened in the forming die. The mandrel at the front part of the punch is in a stepped shape, and during the forming process, it plays a role in expanding the hole, controlling the inner diameter, and supporting. During the upsetting process, first, the hollow blank is filled with the die cavity of the first upsetting die, and then the external die is replaced with the second upsetting die, and the punch continues to feed until the hollow blank fills the die cavity of the second upsetting die.

[0006] Optionally, the punch mandrel includes a first rod body and a second rod body, the diameter of the first rod body is greater than that of the second rod body, one end of the first rod body is fixedly connected with the punch, and the other end is fixedly connected with the second rod body through a conical column with a gradually decreasing diameter. The end of the second rod body far from the first rod body is in a frustum shape.

[0007] Optionally, the guiding die is of a cylindrical structure, and the inner diameter of the guiding die is the same as the inner diameter dimension at the entrance of one end of the first upsetting die and the second upsetting die.

[0008] Optionally, the die cavity of the first upsetting die includes two first arc-shaped die cavities; the first upsetting die includes two first upper half dies and two first lower half dies which are identical in structure and symmetrically arranged. On the opposite surfaces of the first upper half die and the first lower half die, a first semi-circular groove with a semi-circular cross-section structure is respectively formed. An inner concave first arc-shaped die cavity is formed on the two first semi-circular grooves. The diameter of the virtual circle where the cross-sections of the two first semi-circular grooves are located is the same as the inner diameter dimension of the guiding die.

[0009] Optionally, the die cavity of the second upsetting die includes two second arc-shaped die cavities; the second upsetting die includes two second upper half dies and two second lower half dies which are identical in structure and symmetrically arranged. On the opposite surfaces of the second upper half die and the second lower half die, a second semi-circular groove with a semi-circular cross-section structure is respectively formed. An inner concave second arc-shaped die cavity is formed on the two second semi-circular grooves. The diameter of the virtual circle where the cross-sections of the two second semi-circular grooves are located is the same as the inner diameter dimension of the guiding die; the horizontal length of the first arc-shaped die cavity is less than the horizontal length of the second arc-shaped die cavity, and the diameter dimension of the virtual circle where the cross-section of the first arc-shaped die cavity is located is less than the diameter dimension of the virtual circle where the cross-section of the second arc-shaped die cavity is located; the part of the hollow blank formed in the first arc-shaped die cavity can be contained in the second arc-shaped die cavity, and the part of the hollow blank formed in the first arc-shaped die cavity is located at one end of the second arc-shaped die cavity close to the punch.

[0010] Optionally, the forming die includes two forming upper half dies and two forming lower half dies which are identical in structure and symmetrically arranged. On the opposite surfaces of the forming upper half die and the forming lower half die, a forming semi-circular groove with a semi-circular cross-section structure is respectively formed. The flange forming groove with an arc-shaped structure is formed on the two forming semi-circular grooves.

[0011] The present invention also provides a forging and forming process for a hollow long shaft with a flange. When the flange is extruded and formed, the adopted method is the method of radial extrusion forming through the forming die, including the following steps:

[0012] First, heat the end of the forming part of the hollow blank while preheating the die. Then, install the blank onto the bottom die, and install the first upsetting die and the guiding die. After getting ready, the punch starts to feed until the deformed bulging part of the hollow blank fills the cavity of the first upsetting die. At this time, replace the first upsetting die with the second upsetting die, and the punch continues to feed until the deformed part of the hollow blank bulges and fills the cavity of the second upsetting die. Then, withdraw the punch, remove the external die, and locally heat the deformed part of the hollow blank. After the heating is completed, install the hollow blank onto the bottom die. At this time, replace the position of the second upsetting die with the forming die, and insert the punch mandrel in front of the punch into the hollow blank again. The forming die starts to forge the deformed part of the hollow blank by radial feeding to form the flange, and then perform machining to trim the inner hole and the shape of the flange.

[0013] The present invention has achieved the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0014] The present invention can realize the forging and forming of a hollow long shaft with a flange, greatly reducing the machining working hours and processes. In the upsetting process, the punch feeds, and the punch mandrel in front of the punch plays the role of reaming and supporting. Then, the punch continues to feed to achieve upsetting and form the required bulge. The guiding die and the upsetting die play the role of external restraint. After the upsetting process, the forming die is used to radially forge and form the flange. This process is more efficient, saves working hours, has low cost, high material utilization rate, and good mechanical properties of the product compared with completely machining to manufacture this part. Description of the Drawings

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the end heating state of the hollow blank of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 Schematic diagram before the first upsetting process of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 Schematic diagram after the first upsetting process of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 Schematic diagram before the second upsetting process of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 Schematic diagram after the second upsetting process of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6Schematic diagram before the radial forging process of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 Schematic diagram after the radial forging process of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 Stereoscopic schematic diagram of the pressure head of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 9 Stereoscopic schematic diagram of the first upsetting die of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 10 Stereoscopic schematic diagram of the second upsetting die of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 11 Stereoscopic schematic diagram of the forming die of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 12 Stereoscopic schematic diagram of the bottom die of the present invention;

[0028] Wherein: 1. Hollow billet, 2. First upsetting die, 201. First upper half die, 202. First lower half die, 203. First semi-circular groove, 204. First arc-shaped die cavity, 3. Guide die, 4. Pressure head, 401. Pressure head mandrel, 4011. First rod body, 4012. Second rod body, 4013. Conical column, 5. Bottom die, 501. Bottom die mandrel, 6. Second upsetting die, 601. Second upper half die, 602. Second lower half die, 603. Second semi-circular groove, 604. Second arc-shaped die cavity, 7. Forming die, 701. Forming upper half die, 702. Forming lower half die, 703. Forming semi-circular groove, 704. Flange forming groove, 705. Forming arc-shaped die cavity. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a forging and forming die and process for a hollow long shaft with a flange to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, and to be able to realize the forging and forming of a hollow shaft with a flange, and the mechanical properties of the processed workpieces are good.

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners.

[0032] Refer to the attached Figure 8 - attached Figure 12As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a forging die for a hollow long shaft with a flange, which includes a punch 4, a guiding die 3, a first upsetting die 2, a second upsetting die 6, a forming die 7 and a bottom die 5; the punch 4, the guiding die 3, the first upsetting die 2, the second upsetting die 6 and the bottom die 5 coincide with the axis of the hollow blank 1. The upsetting die, the guiding die 3 and the forming die 7 in the radial forging process are all split structures, two in a group, and are cylindrical after combination; in the feeding direction of the die, they are the punch 4, the guiding die 3, the first upsetting die 2, the second upsetting die 6 or the forming die 7, and the bottom die 5 in sequence; the bottom die 5 is provided with a bottom die core rod 501 for passing through one end of the hollow blank 1; the first upsetting die 2 and the second upsetting die 6 are respectively provided with die cavities, and the forming die 7 is provided with a flange forming groove. The punch 4 is provided with a punch core rod 401, and the punch core rod 401 can pass through the guiding die 3 and be inserted into the hollow blank 1. The punch core rod 401 is in a stepped shape and plays a role in expanding the hole, controlling the inner diameter and supporting during the forming process. During the upsetting process, first, the hollow blank 1 is filled with the die cavity of the first upsetting die 2, and then the external die is replaced with the second upsetting die 6, and the punch 4 continues to feed until the hollow blank 1 is filled with the die cavity of the second upsetting die 6.

[0033] Further preferably, the punch core rod 401 includes a first rod body 4011 and a second rod body 4012. The diameter of the first rod body 4011 is larger than that of the second rod body 4012. One end of the first rod body 4011 is fixedly connected to the punch 4, and the other end is fixedly connected to the second rod body 4012 through a conical column 4013 with a gradually decreasing diameter. The end of the second rod body 4012 away from the first rod body 4011 is in a frustum shape. The guiding die 3 is in a cylindrical structure, and the inner diameter of the guiding die 3 is the same as the inner diameter size at the entrance of one end of the first upsetting die 2 and the second upsetting die 6.

[0034] The die cavities of the first upsetting die 2 include two first arc-shaped die cavities 204; the first upsetting die 2 includes two first upper half dies 201 and first lower half dies 202 that are identical in structure and symmetrically arranged. On the opposite sides of the first upper half die 201 and the first lower half die 202, there are respectively provided a first semi-circular groove 203 with a semi-circular cross-sectional structure. An inwardly concave first arc-shaped die cavity 204 is provided on the two first semi-circular grooves 203. The diameter of the virtual circle where the cross-sections of the two first semi-circular grooves 203 are located is the same as the inner diameter dimension of the guiding die 3. The die cavities of the second upsetting die 6 include two second arc-shaped die cavities 604; the second upsetting die 6 includes two second upper half dies 601 and second lower half dies 601 that are identical in structure and symmetrically arranged. On the opposite sides of the second upper half die 601 and the second lower half die 602, there are respectively provided a second semi-circular groove 603 with a semi-circular cross-sectional structure. An inwardly concave second arc-shaped die cavity 604 is provided on the two second semi-circular grooves 603. The diameter of the virtual circle where the cross-sections of the two second semi-circular grooves 603 are located is the same as the inner diameter dimension of the guiding die 3; the horizontal length of the first arc-shaped die cavity 204 is less than the horizontal length of the second arc-shaped die cavity 604, and the diameter dimension of the virtual circle where the cross-section of the first arc-shaped die cavity 204 is located is less than the diameter dimension of the virtual circle where the cross-section of the second arc-shaped die cavity 604 is located; the part of the hollow blank 1 formed in the first arc-shaped die cavity 204 can be contained in the second arc-shaped die cavity 604, and the part of the hollow blank 1 formed in the first arc-shaped die cavity 204 is located at one end close to the punch 4 in the second arc-shaped die cavity 604. The forming die 7 includes two forming upper half dies 701 and forming lower half dies 702 that are identical in structure and symmetrically arranged. On the opposite sides of the forming upper half die 701 and the forming lower half die 702, there are respectively provided a forming semi-circular groove 703 with a semi-circular cross-sectional structure. An inwardly concave forming arc-shaped die cavity 705 is provided on the two forming semi-circular grooves 703. The size of the forming arc-shaped die cavity 705 is smaller than the size of the second arc-shaped die cavity 604. An arc-shaped flange forming groove 704 is provided at the central position of the forming arc-shaped die cavity 705.

[0035] When the present invention works, first, the end of the part of the hollow blank 1 that needs to be deformed is heated, as Figure 1 shown. At the same time, the die is preheated. The hollow blank 1 is heated to the forging temperature of the blank material, and the die is preheated to near the finish forging temperature of the blank material. After heating is completed, the hollow blank 1 is installed on the bottom die 5. The bottom die core rod 501 on the bottom die 5 plays a role of positioning and supporting. Then, the first upsetting die 2 and the guiding die 3 are installed, as Figure 2 shown. Then, first, the punch 4 starts to feed. The front part of the punch 4 is a stepped punch core rod 401, which plays a role of reaming and supporting until the upset hollow blank 1 fills the die cavity of the first upsetting die 2, as Figure 3 shown. The punch 4 stops feeding. Then, the first upsetting die 2 is removed, and the second upsetting die 6 is installed in the original position, as Figure 4As shown, the punch 4 continues to feed until the upset hollow blank 1 fills the cavity of the second upsetting die 6, as Figure 5 shown. Then the punch 4 retracts, the second upsetting die 6 is removed, and the upsetting process ends. Then, the deformed part of the upset forging is heated at the end, and at the same time, the punch 4 and the forming die 7 are preheated. After heating to the specified temperature, the forging is installed on the bottom die 5, the punch 4 feeds back to the position at the end of the upsetting process, and the forming die 7 is installed, as Figure 6 shown. Then, a pair of forming dies 7 start to feed towards each other radially along the blank until the two forming dies 7 come into contact, and the flange and the peripheral contour are forged and formed, as Figure 7 shown. Finally, the forging is taken off and machined and trimmed.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "top", "bottom", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] Specific examples are used in the present invention to elaborate on the principles and implementation manners of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only for helping to understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manners and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forging die for upsetting a hollow long shaft with a flange, characterized in that: It includes a punch, a guiding die, a first upsetting die, a second upsetting die, a forming die and a bottom die; the bottom die is provided with a bottom die mandrel for passing through one end of a hollow blank, a guiding die is sleeved on the end of the hollow blank far from the bottom die, the punch is provided with a punch mandrel, and the punch mandrel can pass through the guiding die and be inserted into the hollow blank. The end of the guiding die far from the punch is used to set the first upsetting die, the second upsetting die or the forming die; die cavities are respectively formed in the first upsetting die and the second upsetting die, and a flange forming groove is formed in the forming die; the punch mandrel includes a first rod body and a second rod body, the diameter of the first rod body is larger than that of the second rod body, one end of the first rod body is fixedly connected with the punch, and the other end is fixedly connected with the second rod body through a conical column with a gradually decreasing diameter. The end of the second rod body far from the first rod body is in a frustum-shaped structure; the guiding die is in a cylindrical structure, and the inner diameter of the guiding die is the same as the inner diameter of the inlet at one end of the first upsetting die and the second upsetting die. The forming die includes two forming upper half dies and forming lower half dies which are identical in structure and symmetrically arranged. On the opposite surfaces of the forming upper half die and the forming lower half die, a forming semi-circular groove with a semi-circular cross-section is respectively formed. An inwardly concave forming arc die cavity is formed in the two forming semi-circular grooves, and a flange forming groove with an arc structure is formed in the forming arc die cavity. The forming upper half die and the forming lower half die are used to feed towards each other along the radial direction of the hollow blank until the forming upper half die and the forming lower half die come into contact.

2. The upset forging forming die for the hollow long shaft with flange according to claim 1, characterized in that: The die cavity of the first upsetting die includes two first arc die cavities; the first upsetting die includes two first upper half dies and first lower half dies which are identical in structure and symmetrically arranged. On the opposite surfaces of the first upper half die and the first lower half die, a first semi-circular groove with a semi-circular cross-section is respectively formed. An inwardly concave first arc die cavity is formed in the two first semi-circular grooves, and the diameter of the virtual circle where the cross-sections of the two first semi-circular grooves are located is the same as the inner diameter of the guiding die.

3. The upset forging forming die for the hollow long shaft with flange according to claim 2, wherein: The die cavity of the second upsetting die includes two second arc die cavities; the second upsetting die includes two second upper half dies and second lower half dies which are identical in structure and symmetrically arranged. On the opposite surfaces of the second upper half die and the second lower half die, a second semi-circular groove with a semi-circular cross-section is respectively formed. An inwardly concave second arc die cavity is formed in the two second semi-circular grooves, and the diameter of the virtual circle where the cross-sections of the two second semi-circular grooves are located is the same as the inner diameter of the guiding die; the horizontal length of the first arc die cavity is less than that of the second arc die cavity, and the diameter of the virtual circle where the cross-section of the first arc die cavity is located is less than the diameter of the virtual circle where the cross-section of the second arc die cavity is located; the part of the hollow blank formed in the first arc die cavity can be contained in the second arc die cavity, and the part of the hollow blank formed in the first arc die cavity is located at the end close to the punch in the second arc die cavity.

4. A forging process for a flanged hollow long shaft using the forging die for a flanged hollow long shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: First, heat the end of the forming part of the hollow blank while preheating the die; then, install the blank on the bottom die, and install the first upsetting die and the guiding die; after being ready, the punch starts to feed until the deformed and bulged part of the hollow blank fills the cavity of the first upsetting die; at this time, replace the first upsetting die with the second upsetting die, and the punch continues to feed until the deformed and bulged part of the hollow blank fills the cavity of the second upsetting die; then withdraw the punch, remove the external die, locally heat the deformed part of the hollow blank, after the heating is completed, install the hollow blank on the bottom die, at this time, replace the second upsetting die with the forming die, insert the punch core rod in front of the punch into the hollow blank again, and the forming die starts to forge by radially feeding the deformed part of the hollow blank to form the flange, and then carry out machining to trim the inner hole and the flange shape.

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