An automatic elevator suitable for various specifications of sucker rods

Abstract

The present invention relates to an automatic elevator that can adapt to multiple specifications of sucker rods, wherein the sucker rods have a wrench square neck, and is characterized in that the automatic elevator comprises: a core shaft, which is arranged at the center position of the elevator and has a hollow structure; and a mating mechanism, which, when the sucker rod moves to a predetermined position inside the core shaft, can mate with the wrench square necks of multiple different specifications of sucker rods in any orientation. The present invention can mate with multiple different specifications and randomly positioned wrench square necks by moving the mating component in the radial direction. In addition, the multi-segment circular arc clamping cam mechanism can not only meet the requirements of clamping sucker rods of different specifications without replacing the tooth blocks, but also achieve self-locking in structure to ensure that the sucker rods do not fall out. The guide mechanism of the support rod mechanism converts linear motion into a composite motion of linear and rotation, has a compact structure, and reduces the drive source required for rotational motion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of workover machines, and in particular relates to an automatic elevator suitable for pumping rods of various specifications. Background Art

[0002] Sucker rod is a commonly used component in workover rig operations. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a typical sucker rod widely used in the prior art. Figure 1 On the sucker rod shown, the rod body A, the upset flange B, the wrench square neck C, the shoulder D, the stress groove E and the external thread F are indicated by arrows from left to right along the axial direction.

[0003] To lower the sucker rod into the well or lift it out of the well, an elevator is used to coordinate with the sucker rod. In practice, the sucker rod tripping and lowering operations during well repair work are primarily accomplished by swapping two sucker rod elevators. This process requires multiple people to manually operate, which is labor-intensive, harsh, and poses certain safety hazards during on-site operations, hindering safe oilfield production. Furthermore, sucker rods come in different sizes, and downhole sucker rods are generally mixed in multiple sizes. However, each type of elevator is only suitable for one or two different sizes of sucker rods, making manual operation difficult and inefficient.

[0004] Automated elevator solutions have already emerged. For example, Chinese patent application CN 110159209 A discloses a sucker rod elevator that uses an automated clamping device to quickly clamp the sucker rod. Specifically, the sucker rod clamping block includes a long arm, a short arm, and a connecting end. The long arm and short arm are respectively connected to the two sides of the connecting end. The long arm, short arm, and connecting end are connected to form a sucker rod clamping groove with one side open. The size of the sucker rod clamping groove is smaller than the diagonal size of the square neck of the wrench but larger than the side length of the square neck of the wrench. The sucker rod enters the sucker rod clamping groove from the clamping groove opening and is positioned inside the connecting end. When in use, the coupling connected to the upper end of the sucker rod is inserted into the conical groove of the lower shell from the bottom. The conical groove positions the sucker rod axially. The action of the oil cylinder causes the piston rod to move, driving the clamping block to move and the control mechanism to move linearly. The hydraulic motor drives the rotating component to rotate. Since the size of the open groove is smaller than the diagonal size of the wrench square neck but larger than the side length of the wrench square neck, when the opening position of the open groove is close to the wrench square neck, if the diagonal position of the open groove contacts the wrench square neck, since the size of the open groove is smaller than the diagonal size of the wrench square neck, the wrench square neck cannot be smoothly inserted into the open groove, and the rotating component is driven to rotate by the hydraulic motor. When the rotating component rotates a small angle, the wrench square neck can be smoothly inserted into the open groove. After the wrench square neck is inserted into the open groove, the oil cylinder continues to move to cause the clamping block to continue to move.

[0005] Although this solution proposes automatic clamping of the sucker rod, due to the fixed size of the clamping groove, it can only realize the lifting and lowering operations of the sucker rod of a single specification. To adapt to multiple specifications, the tooth blocks must be manually replaced. The process is still relatively cumbersome and cannot truly achieve automated operation.

[0006] Since automation and intelligence of well repair operations are the development direction of the industry, it is necessary to design automatic elevators that can adapt to various specifications of sucker rods. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes an automatic elevator that is suitable for sucker rods of various specifications.

[0008] Specifically, the present invention proposes the following technical solutions.

[0009] An automatic elevator adapted for sucker rods of various specifications, wherein the sucker rods have a square neck wrench, and the automatic elevator comprises:

[0010] A core shaft, the core shaft is arranged at the center of the elevator and has a hollow structure;

[0011] The opposing mechanism can oppose the wrench square necks of various sucker rods of different specifications at any position when the sucker rod moves to a predetermined position inside the core shaft.

[0012] The automatic elevator of the present invention may further include any one of the following features individually or in any combination:

[0013] -The counterpart mechanism includes a counterpart tooth block support and a counterpart tooth block, the counterpart tooth block has an opening, the shape of the opening is complementary to the shape of the corner of the square neck of the wrench, and the counterpart tooth block support and the counterpart tooth block are connected by an elastic element.

[0014] - The counterpart mechanism is further provided with a detection element for detecting whether the opening of the counterpart tooth block is engaged with the corner of the square neck of the wrench.

[0015] - Also includes a clamping mechanism, which can clamp sucker rods of various specifications.

[0016] The clamping mechanism includes a clamping tooth block, which can be driven to move different distances in the radial direction to achieve clamping of sucker rods of different specifications.

[0017] -The clamping mechanism also includes a clamping cam plate and a rolling portion. The clamping tooth block is fixedly connected to the rolling portion. The rolling portion can move along the cam section of the clamping cam plate. The cam section includes multiple sub-sections. When the rolling portion moves in the corresponding section of the multiple sub-sections, the clamping tooth block can clamp sucker rods of different specifications.

[0018] - It also includes a support rod mechanism, which includes a driving device and two half-cones. The two half-cones can move along the direction of the core axis or rotate in a plane perpendicular to the core axis under the drive of the driving device.

[0019] - The driving device comprises:

[0020] a power source, the power source providing a driving force along the core axis;

[0021] A guide device, under the action of which the driving force can drive the semi-cone to move along the direction of the core axis or rotate in a plane perpendicular to the core axis.

[0022] - The guiding device comprises:

[0023] A guide cylinder is provided with a guide rod in the guide cylinder, a guide portion is provided on the guide rod, a guide track is provided on the guide cylinder, and the guide track defines the motion trajectory of the guide portion.

[0024] The support rod mechanism further includes a check mechanism. When the two half-cones of the support rod mechanism are in a closed state, the check mechanism can allow the sucker rod to move in one direction relative to the elevator, but not allow the sucker rod to move in another direction relative to the elevator.

[0025] According to the above scheme, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0026] 1. Through the radial movement of the counterpart component in the counterpart mechanism, it is possible to achieve the counterpart of a variety of wrench square necks of different specifications and random orientations.

[0027] 2. The multi-arc clamping cam mechanism can not only clamp sucker rods of different specifications without replacing the tooth blocks, but also achieve self-locking in structure to ensure that the sucker rods do not fall out.

[0028] 3. The guide mechanism of the arm mechanism converts linear motion into a composite motion of linear and rotation, has a compact structure, and reduces the driving source required for rotational motion.

[0029] 4. The design of the check block of the support rod mechanism utilizes the one-way locking feature of the check structure to realize the guiding and lifting functions of the support rod mechanism. It not only ensures that the sucker rod can pass through when the support rod mechanism is guiding, but also can replace the clamping assembly to clamp the sucker rod when breaking out the buckle on the tongs.

[0030] 5. The compound cam mechanism cleverly integrates the detection mechanism and the clamping mechanism in a very limited space without interfering with each other.

[0031] The more specific structure and advantageous effects of the automatic elevator of the present invention can be understood from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0033] Figure 1 The structure of a typical sucker rod in the prior art is schematically shown.

[0034] Figure 2 The figure schematically shows a perspective view of the automatic elevator of the present invention from an angle, wherein the arm mechanism is in a closed state.

[0035] Figure 3 The figure schematically shows a three-dimensional view of the automatic elevator of the present invention from another angle, wherein the arm mechanism is in an open state.

[0036] Figure 4 The figure schematically shows a front view of the automatic elevator of the present invention, wherein the lever mechanism is in a closed state.

[0037] Figure 5 The top view of the automatic elevator of the present invention is schematically shown.

[0038] Figure 6 Schematically shows the Figure 5 Sectional view of the AA section line.

[0039] Figure 7 Schematically shows the Figure 6 Sectional view of the BB section line.

[0040] Figure 8 The figure schematically shows a top view of the lower cam plate used in the automatic elevator of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 9 A perspective view schematically shows an upper cam plate used in the automatic elevator of the present invention.

[0042] All drawings are only schematic and are not necessarily drawn to scale. In addition, they only show those parts necessary for explaining the present invention, and other parts are omitted or only mentioned. That is, in addition to the parts shown in the drawings, the present invention may also include other parts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following detailed description is intended to explain the overall concept of the present invention to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, but is not intended to limit the structure and feasible implementation methods of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 2 The automatic elevator of the present invention is schematically shown in a perspective view from one angle, wherein the arm mechanism is in a closed state. Figure 2 As can be seen from the figure, the automatic elevator of the present invention comprises an upper cover 1, a plug 2, a housing 3, a cone 4 and a sucker rod 5 which has been inserted into the cone 4. In addition, Figure 1 Also shown are guide cylinder 6 and oil cylinder 7. Inside housing 3 is a cavity in which a plurality of components to be described below are housed.

[0045] Figure 3 Schematically shows a three-dimensional view of the automatic elevator of the present invention from another angle, wherein the arm mechanism is in an open state. Figure 3 It can be seen more clearly that two sets of guide cylinders 6 and oil cylinders 7 are provided on both sides of the outer side of the housing 3 on the same straight line passing through the center of the elevator. In addition, the cone 4 includes a first half cone and a second half cone, and the two half cones are connected to the guide rod 61 through a rotating arm 9. In addition, Figure 3 Also shown are a detection element 8 and a piston rod 71 that cooperates with the oil cylinder 7.

[0046] Figure 4 The front view of the automatic elevator of the present invention is schematically shown, wherein the arm mechanism is in a closed state. Figure 4 The specific structure of the guide cylinder 6 can be seen more clearly in the figure. Specifically, a guide rod 61 is provided inside the guide cylinder 6, and the guide rod can move inside the guide cylinder 6. A piston rod 71 is provided in the oil cylinder 7. The piston rod 71 is arranged parallel to the guide rod 61, and the two are interconnected. A guide track 62 is provided on the guide cylinder 6, and the guide track 62 includes a part parallel to the axis and an inclined part or a spiral part that are connected to each other. A guide pin 63 is provided on the guide rod 61, and the guide pin 63 can move inside the guide track 62. The detection element 8 is capable of detecting the position of the guide rod 61 in the guide cylinder. Preferably, two detection elements are provided to respectively detect whether the guide rod reaches the transition position of the part parallel to the axis and the inclined part or the spiral part and whether it reaches the limit position.

[0047] Combine Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As can be seen, piston rod 71 moves under the action of the oil pressure in cylinder 7, driving the guide rod 61 connected to piston rod 71. As guide pin 63 moves within the portion of guide track 62 parallel to the axis, cone 4 and rotating arm 9 follow suit, moving linearly. During this process, the two halves of cone 4 are in a closed state. When guide pin 63 begins to enter the inclined or spiral portion, although piston rod 71 continues to move linearly, the coordination between guide pin 63 and guide track 62 causes guide rod 61 to begin rotating, driving cone 4 through rotating arm 9. When guide pin 63 is within the inclined or spiral portion, if piston rod 71 moves upward, the two halves gradually close; if piston rod 71 moves downward, the two halves gradually open.

[0048] In the present invention, the parts including the oil cylinder 7, the piston rod 71, the guide cylinder 6, the guide rod 61, the guide rail 62, the guide pin 63, the rotating arm 9 and the cone cylinder 4 can be referred to as a "support rod mechanism".

[0049] Preferably, see Figure 3 A check block 41 is also provided above the cone 4. The check block 41 can be automatically reset by an elastic element. The check block 41 is provided with two similar semi-conical structures, one end of which is rotatably provided on the rotating arm 9. The check block 41 has a contact portion that matches the rod body A of the sucker rod. In addition, the check block 41 is continuously acted upon by the elastic element. Specifically, Figure 3 In the embodiment, the elastic element always applies tension to the check block 41. Figure 4 After the check block is reset under the action of the elastic element, the diameter of the middle through hole is larger than the sucker rod body A, but smaller than the diameter of the sucker rod flange B and the coupling.

[0050] In a specific well repair operation, the working process of the support rod mechanism of the present invention is as follows:

[0051] During the rod lifting process, the sucker rod is suspended at the wellhead by the wellhead assembly of the intelligent workover rig, with the portion above the flange exposed outside the wellhead. The oil cylinder 7 drives the piston rod 71, which in turn drives the guide rod 61 to move. When the guide pin 63 reaches the end of the inclined or spiral portion of the guide track 62 in the guide track 62—that is, the lower limit position—the rotating arm 9 drives the cone 4 to open to its maximum opening, thereby avoiding the wellhead assembly. The elevator then descends, and when the sucker rod 5 enters the core shaft and moves upward to a predetermined position relative to the elevator, the sucker rod clamping mechanism set in the elevator begins to operate, clamping the sucker rod. The elevator then leaves the wellhead, and the two half-cones are then closed again. The specific structure of the sucker rod clamping mechanism will be described in detail below.

[0052] During the rod lowering process, the rod grabbing manipulator in the workover rig first clamps the sucker rod vertically at the center of the wellhead, with the elevator positioned directly above the rod. Because the elevator is suspended, there's a certain deviation between the center of the elevator and the wellhead. Therefore, before the elevator grabs the rod, the cone is first closed. This closed cone provides guidance for the elevator and the rod during its descent. The elevator then descends, and the rod contacts check block 41, pushing it upward. Check block 41 pivots around its axis until flange B of the rod has fully passed through. Because the diameter of the check block 41's closed opening is larger than the diameter of the rod body A but smaller than the diameter of flange B, the check block 41 returns to its original position under the action of an elastic element. The rod grabbing manipulator in the workover rig then releases the rod, and the rod falls back under the action of gravity, with flange B contacting the upper end surface of check block 41. Due to the reverse stop effect of the check mechanism, the sucker rod can be suspended at the wellhead by the support rod mechanism, and then the next step of make-up and break-out operation can be carried out.

[0053] As described above, during the rod lifting process, when the sucker rod 5 moves upward to a predetermined position relative to the elevator, the sucker rod clamping mechanism set in the elevator starts to work, clamping the sucker rod, and then the two semi-cones are closed again. Since the clamping mechanism needs to clamp the wrench square neck C of the sucker rod, but the wrench square neck C itself is a square structure, and the relative relationship between the wrench square neck C and the clamping mechanism is random, if the relative orientation of the two is not considered, the clamping mechanism may be clamped on the vertical edge of the wrench square neck C, and good clamping cannot be achieved. Therefore, how to achieve good clamping of the wrench square neck C in any orientation is another focus of the present invention. The present invention proposes a pair and a clamping mechanism as a specific clamping mechanism.

[0054] The following combination Figure 5-Figure 8 The structure inside the elevator housing of the present invention and how to achieve good clamping of the wrench square neck C during the lifting process are described in detail.

[0055] As a transition, Figure 5 The top view of the automatic elevator of the present invention is schematically shown, from which the positional relationship between the oil cylinder 7 and the guide cylinder 6 in the armrest mechanism relative to the housing can be further clearly seen.

[0056] Figure 6 Schematically shows the Figure 5 Section view of the AA section line in the figure. Figure 6As can be seen in the figure, a rotary joint 10 and a first brake 11 are installed inside the upper cover 1. The open end of the upper cover 1 is sealed by a lifting plate 12. The core shaft 18 is located at the center of the entire elevator, and its upper end is connected to the rotary joint 10. The first brake 11 can brake the core shaft 18, thereby affecting its rotation speed. The core shaft 18 has a hollow structure.

[0057] Inside the housing 3, a power element 14 is provided. This power element 14 is, for example, a hydraulic motor. An encoder 15 is provided near the power element 14 to count the number of revolutions of the hydraulic motor. The power element 14 is connected to the other party and the clamping mechanism via a gear mechanism 17. The gear mechanism 17 and the other party and the clamping mechanism will be further described below. Figure 7 The following description is given in the following procedure:

[0058] The coupling 16 is connected to the sucker rod, and a coupling detection switch 13 is provided inside the mandrel 18 to detect whether the sucker rod is in place. In addition, a second brake 19 is also provided in the housing 3, which can brake the cam disc to be described in detail below.

[0059] Now combine Figure 7 Let's further explain the detailed structure of the other party and the clamping mechanism mentioned above. Figure 7 Schematically shows the Figure 6 Sectional view of the BB section line. Figure 7 Located in the center of the view is the square neck C of the sucker rod 5. As the name suggests, the square neck C is a square structure with four corners. To this end, the counterpart and the clamping mechanism have a counterpart component and a clamping component. The counterpart component has two counterpart tooth blocks 22 symmetrically arranged on a straight line, and each counterpart tooth block 22 has a V-shaped opening to cooperate with the two corners of the square neck C. The clamping assembly has two clamping tooth blocks 20 symmetrically arranged on a straight line, and the straight line where the counterpart tooth blocks 22 are located is perpendicular to the straight line where the clamping tooth blocks 20 are located. In the actual working process, since the relative relationship of the square neck C with respect to the counterpart tooth block 22 is random when the square neck C of the sucker rod 5 enters the core shaft, in order to reliably clamp the square neck C of the sucker rod, it is necessary to perform the opposite adjustment so that the V-shaped opening of the counterpart tooth block 22 cooperates with the two corners of the square neck C. After the other party is completed, the clamping assembly is driven to radially feed the clamping tooth block to clamp the wrench square neck C, and the shape of the tooth block opening matches the shape of the wrench square neck C to achieve reliable clamping.

[0060] from Figure 7It can be seen that the gear mechanism 17 includes a small gear 171 and a large gear 172 meshing with the small gear 171. The gear mechanism 17 may also include other gears. For example, the power element 14 may drive the small gear 171 to rotate through other gears. Figure 6 It can be seen that the large gear 172 is fixed in the axial direction between the lower cam plate 23 and the upper cam plate 24. The lower cam plate 23, the large gear 172 and the upper cam plate 24 are fixed to rotate as a whole and can be braked by the second brake 19.

[0061] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 7 The mating and clamping mechanism shown in FIG. 1 includes a clamping assembly and a mating assembly located within a core shaft 18. Specifically, a receiving space is provided within the core shaft 18 to accommodate the mating and clamping assemblies. For example, the receiving space may be four slots defined at corresponding locations on the core shaft, located on two mutually perpendicular diameters. The clamping assembly can move radially to secure the square neck C of the wrench. Figure 7 The clamping assembly shown in FIG comprises a clamping tooth block 20 and a roller fixedly connected to the clamping tooth block. The roller can move along the cam profile of the lower cam plate 23 which will be described in detail below.

[0062] The counterpart component is perpendicular to the clamping component in the radial direction and can also move in the radial direction. Specifically, the counterpart component may include a counterpart tooth block support 21 and a counterpart tooth block 22 connected to the counterpart tooth block support 21. An elastic element is provided between the counterpart tooth block support 21 and the counterpart tooth block 22, so that the counterpart tooth block 22 can move relative to the counterpart tooth block support 21. When the counterpart is engaged, the counterpart tooth block 22 can freely expand and contract along the shape of the square neck C of the wrench. The counterpart tooth block support 21 is connected to the upper cam disc and can move along the groove in the upper cam disc. When the upper cam disc 24 rotates, due to the limiting effect of the cam groove, the counterpart component can be driven to move as a whole, thereby making room for the radial movement of the clamping assembly after the counterpart is completed.

[0063] Figure 8 and Figure 9 The top view and the three-dimensional view of the lower cam plate used in the automatic elevator of the present invention are schematically shown respectively; wherein the lower cam plate 23 is a part of the clamping mechanism, and the upper cam plate 24 is a part of the other mechanism. Figure 8 The lower cam plate 23 is provided with symmetrical cam segments as its working profile. Each cam segment comprises a plurality of sub-segments. The roller connected to the clamping tooth block 22 abuts against the cam segment and can move along the plurality of sub-segments of the cam segment.

[0064] Specifically, see Figure 8The cam section can be divided into two identical upper and lower sections. Taking the upper section as an example, the subsections of this cam section, from left to right, include: standby position, transition section, first-size sucker rod clamping section, transition section, second-size sucker rod clamping section, transition section, and third-size sucker rod clamping section. Each subsection corresponding to a clamping section is a concentric arc of the core shaft. For example, the first-size sucker rod clamping position can accommodate sucker rods with a rod diameter of 25mm, the second-size sucker rod clamping position can accommodate sucker rods with rod diameters of 19mm or 22mm, and the third-size sucker rod clamping position can accommodate sucker rods with a rod diameter of 16mm. This design achieves self-locking structure, preventing the radial force component of the tooth block after the sucker rod is lifted from expanding the tooth block, which could lead to safety accidents. Furthermore, by changing the cam rotation angle, the radial feed stroke of the clamping tooth block can be changed, allowing different sucker rod sizes to be clamped without replacing the tooth block.

[0065] When the sucker rod 5 moves upward with the action of the oil cylinder 7 until the sucker rod coupling 16 triggers the coupling detection switch 13 above, the wrench square neck C on the sucker rod 5 is axially in the same position as the clamping tooth block and the other party's tooth block of the clamping mechanism, and the other party and the clamping mechanism can start working.

[0066] When facing each other, the opening between the two clamping blocks 20 is maximum, allowing the sucker rod 5 to pass smoothly from below and reach the designated position. The opening between the two opposing blocks 22 is minimum. However, because the opposing blocks 22 are connected to the opposing block support 21 via an elastic element, the sucker rod can push the opposing blocks 22 apart as it enters the mandrel from bottom to top, creating a space between them that allows the rod to pass through. After the sucker rod reaches the preset position, the opposing blocks 22 abut against the square neck C of the wrench. At this point, both the first brake 11 and the second brake 19 are released. The mandrel 18 and the upper and lower cam plates rotate as a unit, driven by the power element 14. The two opposing blocks 22 freely extend and retract as the orientation of the square neck C changes. When the corners of the square neck C align with the V-shaped openings of the opposing blocks 22, the upper first brake 11 locks the mandrel 18, causing the power element 14 to reverse, driving the clamping blocks 20 radially toward the center, and the opposing blocks withdraw. The power element 14 controls its rotational frequency via an encoder 15, aligning the opening of the two clamping teeth 20 with the square neck of the sucker rod 5. Once the clamping teeth 20 have clamped the square neck C of the sucker rod 5, the second brake 19 engages, preventing the cam plate from rotating. This demonstrates that the present invention utilizes a forward and reverse motor rotation mechanism, enabling the same drive to achieve different functions at different times: forward rotation for opposite rotation and reverse rotation for clamping.

[0067] In order to detect whether the corner of the square neck C of the wrench is aligned with the V-shaped opening of the counterpart tooth block 22 , a preferred approach is to provide a sensor, such as a proximity sensor, in the opening of the counterpart tooth block 22 .

[0068] According to the sizes of the square necks of different sucker rod wrenches, the control element can obtain the specification parameters of the sucker rod in advance, thereby controlling the number of rotations of the power element according to the specific specifications of the current sucker rod.

[0069] The mating and clamping mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings is merely one preferred embodiment of a clamping mechanism. In addition to the mating and clamping mechanisms utilizing cam plates described in detail above, other clamping mechanism designs are contemplated, as long as they enable radial movement of both the mating assembly in the mating mechanism and the clamping mechanism in the clamping mechanism. For example, a hydraulic motor could be used to control the radial movement of both the mating assembly and the clamping assembly. Once the mating assembly mates with the square neck of the wrench, radial movement of the clamping assembly is controlled to achieve the clamping function.

[0070] As can be seen, the support rod mechanism can guide the sucker rod, assist in centering it, and deliver it to the designated position. It also replaces the clamping assembly in holding the sucker rod during breakout in the tongs. These functions facilitate the operation of the other clamping mechanism and resolve the problem of being unable to breakout while clamping the sucker rod. The automatic elevator of the present invention is powered by a motor, which drives the other clamping mechanism and the clamping mechanism via a transmission gear. With the assistance of two brakes, it automatically aligns and clamps the square neck of the sucker rod wrench.

[0071] The present invention has been clearly and completely described with reference to the above exemplary embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various other embodiments may be envisioned by modifying the disclosed technical solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. These embodiments should be understood to fall within the scope of the present invention as determined by the claims and any equivalent technical solutions thereof.

Claims

1. An automatic elevator adapted to various specifications of sucker rods, wherein the sucker rods have a square neck wrench, characterized in that: The automatic elevator comprises: A core shaft, the core shaft is arranged at the center of the elevator and has a hollow structure; The counterpart mechanism, when the sucker rod moves to a predetermined position inside the core shaft, the counterpart mechanism can mate with the wrench square neck of a variety of different specifications of sucker rods in any orientation, the counterpart mechanism includes an upper cam plate and a counterpart assembly, the counterpart assembly includes a counterpart tooth block support and a counterpart tooth block, the counterpart tooth block has an opening, the shape of the opening is complementary to the shape of the corner of the wrench square neck, the counterpart tooth block support and the counterpart tooth block are connected by an elastic element, the counterpart tooth block support is connected to the upper cam plate, and can move along the groove in the upper cam plate as the upper cam plate rotates.

2. The automatic elevator for oil pumping rods of various specifications according to claim 1, characterized in that: The counterpart assembly includes a first counterpart assembly and a second counterpart assembly, the first counterpart assembly includes a first counterpart tooth block support and a first counterpart tooth block, the second counterpart assembly includes a second counterpart tooth block support and a second counterpart tooth block, and the first counterpart tooth block and the second counterpart tooth block are symmetrically arranged on a straight line.

3. The automatic elevator for oil pumping rods of various specifications according to claim 2, characterized in that: The counterpart mechanism is further provided with a detection element for detecting whether the opening of the counterpart tooth block is engaged with the corner of the square neck of the wrench.

4. An automatic elevator for oil pumping rods of various specifications according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The utility model also comprises a clamping mechanism, which can clamp sucker rods of various specifications.

5. The automatic elevator adapted to various specifications of sucker rods according to claim 4, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes a first clamping assembly and a second clamping assembly that are arranged opposite to each other in the radial direction and have the same structure. The first clamping assembly and the second clamping assembly include clamping tooth blocks, which can be driven to move different distances in the radial direction to achieve clamping of sucker rods of different specifications; when the upper cam plate rotates, due to the limiting effect of the cam groove, it can drive the other assembly to move as a whole, thereby making room for the radial movement of the clamping assembly after the other party is completed.

6. The automatic elevator for oil pumping rods of various specifications according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism also includes a clamping cam plate and a rolling portion. The clamping tooth block is fixedly connected to the rolling portion. The rolling portion can move along the cam section of the clamping cam plate. The cam section includes multiple sub-sections. When the rolling portion moves in the corresponding section of the multiple sub-sections, the clamping tooth block can clamp sucker rods of different specifications.

7. An automatic elevator for oil pumping rods of various specifications according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It also includes a support rod mechanism, which includes a driving device and two half-cones. The two half-cones can move along the direction of the core axis or rotate in a plane perpendicular to the core axis under the drive of the driving device.

8. The automatic elevator for oil pumping rods of various specifications according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driving device comprises: a power source, the power source providing a driving force along the core axis; A guide device, under the action of which the driving force can drive the semi-cone to move along the direction of the core axis or rotate in a plane perpendicular to the core axis.

9. The automatic elevator for oil pumping rods of various specifications according to claim 8, characterized in that: The guiding device comprises: A guide cylinder is provided with a guide rod in the guide cylinder, a guide portion is provided on the guide rod, a guide track is provided on the guide cylinder, and the guide track defines the motion trajectory of the guide portion.

10. The automatic elevator adapted to various specifications of sucker rods according to claim 7, characterized in that: The support rod mechanism further includes a check mechanism, which allows the sucker rod to move in one direction relative to the elevator but does not allow the sucker rod to move in another direction relative to the elevator when the two half-cones of the support rod mechanism are in a closed state.

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