An instrument for measuring the maximum internal and external temperature difference of large-volume concrete

Abstract

The present invention discloses a measuring instrument for measuring the maximum internal and external temperature difference of large-volume concrete, comprising a dial, a first transmission shaft is axially installed inside the dial, a first center shaft and a second center shaft are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the dial, a circular disk with a sharp corner is fixedly connected to the middle position of the first transmission shaft, a first gear with a sharp corner in the inner ring is suspended outside the circular disk, the first gear is mounted on the first center shaft and the second center shaft ends to support the second gear and the third gear, a second transmission shaft is arranged on the right side of the second center shaft, one end of the second transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the fourth gear coplanar with the first gear, and the other end is connected to the reset knob behind the outer wall of the measuring instrument. The first temperature measuring rod and the second temperature measuring rod are welded to the lower part of the outer wall of the dial mounting shell, respectively, and the bodies of the bimetallic temperature sensing elements are fixedly connected to the inside of the two temperature measuring rods. The present invention solves the problem that the traditional temperature measuring instrument cannot record the maximum value of the internal and external temperature difference by using two bimetallic temperature sensing elements and a gear set.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of measuring equipment, in particular to an instrument for measuring the maximum internal and external temperature difference of large-volume concrete. Background Art

[0002] A bimetallic thermometer combines two metals with different linear expansion coefficients. One end is fixed and the other end is connected to a pointer through a thin metal rod. When the temperature changes, the two metals expand differently, and the rotation of the metal temperature sensing element drives the pointer to deflect to indicate the temperature. However, when calculating the temperature stress of large-volume concrete, the maximum internal and external temperature difference within the age period is required. At present, the temperature of large-volume concrete is mainly measured by burying temperature sensors to measure the real-time changes in concrete temperature. However, this method not only has a huge database, but is also difficult to bury and expensive. If a traditional bimetallic thermometer is used, it is necessary to observe and record the readings of the two thermometers inside and outside the concrete in real time, calculate the temperature difference at the same time, and then compare them to get the maximum value. This will not only waste a lot of manpower and material resources, but also the values ​​read are random and not necessarily the maximum temperature difference. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a maximum internal and external temperature difference measuring instrument for large-volume concrete, which can measure the internal and external temperature difference of large-volume concrete, has simple deployment, and solves the defects mentioned in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A measuring instrument for the maximum internal and external temperature difference of a large volume of concrete, comprising a dial, a mounting shell being arranged behind the dial, characterized in that: the mounting shell extends axially, a first transmission shaft is axially arranged inside the mounting shell, a disk with a driving part is fixedly connected to the middle position of the first transmission shaft, a pointer driving disk with an acted part and concentric with the disk is suspended at the periphery of the disk, the acted part cooperates with the driving part, when the measured value of the internal and external temperature difference is a reference value, the acted part and the driving part are located at an initial position for maintaining contact, and when the measured value of the internal and external temperature difference is greater than the reference value, the acted part is driven by the driving part due to the rotation of the disk in a first direction, and then the pointer driving disk is driven to rotate; the pointer of the dial is connected to the eccentric part of the pointer driving disk through a connecting structure;

[0006] The temperature difference measuring instrument is provided with a pointer driving disk reset mechanism, so that after the measurement is completed, the pointer driving disk can be reset so that the acted part and the driving part return to the contact state at the temperature difference reference value;

[0007] A first temperature measuring rod and a second temperature measuring rod are welded at the lower part of the outer wall of the mounting shell, respectively. The lower ends of the first temperature measuring rod and the second temperature measuring rod are both provided with the body of a bimetallic temperature sensing element. The first temperature measuring rod is longer than the second temperature measuring rod. The first temperature measuring rod measures the internal temperature of concrete, and the second temperature measuring rod measures the temperature of concrete close to the outside. The first temperature measuring rod and the second temperature measuring rod are respectively connected to a first angle spring and a second angle spring. The first angle spring and the second angle spring are respectively connected to the first transmission shaft on both sides of the disc, and the torsional moments acting on the first transmission shaft are opposite. When the temperature difference between the inside and the outside is greater than the reference value, the sum of the torsional moments acting on the first angle spring and the second angle spring on the first transmission shaft causes the first transmission shaft to rotate in a first direction.

[0008] On the basis of adopting the above technical solutions, the present invention may also adopt the following further technical solutions, or use these further technical solutions in combination:

[0009] The pointer driving disk is configured as a first gear, which is provided with a central inner hole, the circular disk is located in the central inner hole, the outer peripheral wall of the circular disk is provided with the driving part, and the hole wall of the central inner hole is provided with the acted part; the first central axis and the second central axis are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first transmission shaft, and the first gear is respectively meshed and connected with the second gear and the third gear installed at the ends of the first central axis and the second central axis and is supported.

[0010] The driving part and the acted part both have sharp angles, and the sharp angle of the driving part is equal to the sharp angle of the acted part.

[0011] A second transmission shaft parallel to the first transmission shaft is arranged on the outer side of the second gear or the outer side of the third gear. The fourth gear is fixed on one end of the second transmission shaft, and the other end is connected to the reset knob behind the outer wall of the dial. The second transmission shaft is a movable shaft, and the clutch connection between the fourth gear and the second gear or the third gear is achieved by moving.

[0012] A thickened portion is provided at the rear end of the first transmission shaft, and the first transmission shaft is clamped in the position control seat through the thickened portion. A front fixing seat is provided at a position close to the front in the mounting shell, and a rear fixing seat is provided at a position close to the rear. The position control seat is provided on the rear fixing seat. The front fixing seat, the position control seat and the rear fixing seat are provided with a front through hole, a middle through hole and a rear through hole which are in a straight line. Both ends of the first transmission shaft pass through the front through hole and the rear through hole and are connected with one end of the first angle spring and the second angle spring respectively, and the first transmission shaft is slidably connected with the front through hole, the middle through hole and the rear through hole.

[0013] The first center axis and the second center axis are both fixedly connected to the rear fixed seat, the second gear is arranged in the first embedding groove at the distal end of the first center axis, is constrained in axial movement by the first embedding plate and the second embedding plate, and is slidably connected to the first embedding groove, the third gear is arranged in the second embedding groove at the distal end of the second center axis, is constrained in axial movement by the third embedding plate and the fourth embedding plate, and is slidably connected to the second embedding groove.

[0014] The first gear is constrained to move in the axial direction by a baffle fixed to the disc.

[0015] The second transmission shaft is guided by the clutch connection through the corner through holes on the back side of the mounting shell and the inside of the mounting shell. When the fourth gear is meshed with the second gear or the third gear, the reset knob is turned to drive the fourth gear, and the fourth gear drives the first gear to rotate back to the original position through the gear meshing connection.

[0016] The connecting structure includes an extension rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the first gear, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to a pointer in a radial direction parallel to the first gear, and the pointer rotates as the first gear rotates; the extension rod passes through a fan-shaped window on a dial, and a temperature scale is displayed on the dial.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The maximum internal and external temperature difference measuring instrument of the present invention utilizes two traditional bimetallic temperature sensing elements. When the temperature of the surface and deep layers of concrete changes, the two spiral temperature sensing elements twist in opposite directions, causing the two ends of the first transmission shaft connected in the middle of the two angle springs to generate torsional forces in opposite directions. The rotation angle is the rotation angle after the internal and external temperature difference acts, effectively converting the temperature difference into force offset of the transmission shaft, thus solving the problem of measuring the internal and external temperature difference.

[0019] 2. The maximum internal and external temperature difference measuring instrument adopts a combination device of a disc with sharp corners and a gear with sharp corners on the inner ring. When the temperature rises, the disc drives gear No. 1 to rotate in the same direction, and when the temperature drops, the disc rotates in the opposite direction. The sharp corners on the disc are separated from the sharp corners on the inner ring of the gear, causing the pointer on the gear to not deflect when the temperature drops, effectively solving the problem of recording the maximum temperature difference.

[0020] 3. The bimetallic measuring instrument adopts a second transmission shaft and a reset knob combination device. After the maximum temperature difference at one position is measured, the pointer is returned to its position by rotating the reset knob behind the dial, which can effectively allow the maximum internal and external temperature difference measuring instrument to be recycled. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1It is a top view of the overall structural arrangement of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the gear set arrangement of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a right side cross-sectional view of the overall structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional side view of the detailed structure of the fixing base according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a distribution diagram of the internal structure of the dial of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 It is a front view of the overall structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 It is a rear side view of the overall structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a simulation state diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention when measuring the maximum internal and external temperature difference of a large volume of concrete.

[0029] Description of the accompanying drawings: dial 1, scale plate 11, pointer 12, extension rod 13, fan-shaped window 14, gear set 2, disc 21, baffle 211, first gear 22, second gear 23, third gear 24, fourth gear 25, front fixing seat 31, front through hole 311, rear fixing seat 32, rear through hole 321, corner through hole 322, position control seat 33, middle through hole 331, first transmission shaft 41, first angle spring 411, second angle spring 412, first center axis 42, first embedded groove 421, first embedded plate 4211, second embedded plate 4212, second center axis 43, second embedded groove 431, third embedded plate 4311, fourth embedded plate 4312, second transmission shaft 44, reset knob 441, first temperature measuring rod 51, second temperature measuring rod 52, mounting shell 53, mass concrete 6, measuring hole 61. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Reference Figures 1 to 7The present invention provides a preferred embodiment of a measuring instrument for measuring the maximum internal and external temperature difference of large-volume concrete, comprising a dial 1, a mounting housing 53 is arranged behind the dial, a first transmission shaft 41 is mounted axially on the mounting housing 53, a disk 21 with a sharp corner on the outer ring as a driving part is fixedly connected to the middle of the first transmission shaft 41, and the disk 21 rotates together with the first transmission shaft 41, and a first gear 22 with a sharp corner on the inner ring as an acted part is suspended on the outer periphery of the disk 21, and the sharp corner of the first gear 22 is equal to the sharp corner of the disk 21. The sharp corners are matched, when the measured value of the internal and external temperature difference is a reference value (generally 0°C or a certain threshold temperature), the acted part and the driving part are located at the initial position of maintaining contact, and when the measured value of the internal and external temperature difference is greater than the reference value, the acted part is driven by the driving part due to the rotation of the disk 21 in the first direction (clockwise in this embodiment), and then the first gear 22 is driven to rotate. That is, when the disk 21 rotates clockwise, the sharp corner thereof can rotate together with the sharp corner of the first gear 22. When the disk 21 rotates counterclockwise, the sharp corner of the disk 21 separates from the sharp corner of the first gear 22, so that the first gear 22 is not driven to rotate counterclockwise, ensuring that the pointer 12 can stop at the position corresponding to the maximum temperature.

[0032] The first temperature measuring rod 51 and the second temperature measuring rod 52 are welded to the lower part of the outer wall of the installation shell respectively. The lower ends of the first temperature measuring rod 51 and the second temperature measuring rod 52 are both provided with the body of the bimetallic temperature sensing element. The first temperature measuring rod 51 is longer than the second temperature measuring rod 52. The first temperature measuring rod 51 measures the internal temperature of the concrete, and the second temperature measuring rod measures the temperature of the concrete close to the outside. The first temperature measuring rod 51 and the second temperature measuring rod 52 are respectively connected to the first angle spring 411 and the second angle spring 412. The first angle spring and the second angle spring are respectively connected to the first transmission shaft on both sides of the disk 21, and the torques acting on the first transmission shaft 41 are opposite. When the temperature difference between the inside and the outside is greater than the reference value, the sum of the torques acting on the first angle spring and the second angle spring on the first transmission shaft 41 causes the first transmission shaft to rotate in the first direction. Figure 8 As shown, during the detection, it is only necessary to place the temperature difference measuring instrument in a measuring hole (61) of the large volume concrete (6), insert the first temperature measuring rod 51 into the bottom of the hole to measure the temperature inside the concrete, and the second temperature measuring rod is located near the hole mouth to measure the temperature of the concrete near the outside. The total torque input to the first transmission shaft 41 is the torque reflecting the temperature difference. The temperature difference can be directly measured at one time without having to arrange two temperature measuring instruments separately and then record and calculate them separately. The operation of the present invention is very convenient.

[0033] The thickened portion at the end of the first transmission shaft 41 passes through the middle through hole 331, and the thickened portion is stuck in the middle of the position control seat 33. In order to ensure that the first transmission shaft 41 does not move axially, the two ends of the first transmission shaft 41 pass through the front through hole 311 on the front fixing seat 31 and the rear through hole 321 on the rear fixing seat 32, and are respectively connected to one end of the first angle spring 411 and the second angle spring 412. When the temperature sensing element in the second temperature measuring rod 52 is heated and rotated, the second angle spring 412 is driven to rotate counterclockwise, and when the temperature sensing element in the first temperature measuring rod 51 is heated and rotated, the first angle spring 411 is driven to rotate clockwise, and the torsion of the two springs in opposite directions is used to indicate the difference between the internal and external temperatures. Among them, the front fixing seat 31 and the rear fixing seat 32 are respectively installed at the front and rear of the mounting shell 53, and the front through hole 311, the middle through hole 331 and the rear through hole 321 are in a straight line.

[0034] The first central axis 42 and the second central axis 43 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first transmission shaft 41, and the ends of the two central axes are fixedly connected to the second fixed seat 32 and cannot rotate. The first embedding groove 421 and the second embedding groove 431 are respectively arranged at the other ends. The embedding plates are fixedly connected to the two sides of the embedding grooves. The second gear 23 is sleeved on the first embedding groove 421 and slidably connected to each other. At the same time, the second gear 23 is constrained to move axially by the first embedding plate 4211 and the second embedding plate 4212. The third gear 24 is sleeved on the second embedding groove 431 and is constrained to move axially by the third embedding plate 4311 and the fourth embedding plate 4312. The first gear 22 is supported by the second gear 23 and the third gear 24 to ensure that it does not contact the disk 21 on the first transmission shaft 41.

[0035] Furthermore, two baffles are fixedly connected to both sides of the disc 21 to ensure that the first gear 22 does not move axially.

[0036] Furthermore, a second transmission shaft 44 is arranged on the right side of the second central axis 43, one end of the second transmission shaft 44 is fixedly connected to the fourth gear 25, and the other end passes through the corner through hole 322 on the rear fixing seat 32 and the corner through hole on the back of the measuring instrument to be connected with the reset knob 441. When the measuring instrument is in normal use, the knob 441 is pushed to the lower right corner, so that the fourth gear 25 is separated from the third gear 24 under the drive of the second transmission shaft 44. When the detection is completed and before the next temperature detection, the reset knob 441 is pushed to the upper left corner, so that the fourth gear 25 and the third gear 24 are connected, and the reset knob 441 is rotated counterclockwise to drive the fourth gear 25 to rotate counterclockwise, and then drive the third gear 24 to rotate clockwise, so that the first gear 22 rotates counterclockwise to the original position, ensuring that the pointer can return to its position before each temperature measurement.

[0037] Furthermore, one end of the extension rod 13 is fixed on the first gear 22, and the other end is connected to the radial pointer 12, and the extension rod 13 passes through the fan-shaped window 14 of the dial 11, so that the pointer 12 can display the temperature in front of the dial 11. A glass plate is installed in front of the dial 11 to protect the dial 1.

[0038] It should be noted that, in this document, relational and directional terms such as first, second, third, fourth, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities. The orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0039] The above is only a specific implementation method of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A measuring instrument for measuring the maximum internal and external temperature difference of large-volume concrete, comprising a dial (1), a mounting housing (53) being arranged behind the dial, and characterized in that: The mounting shell (53) extends axially, and a first transmission shaft (41) is axially mounted inside the mounting shell (53). A disk (21) with a driving portion is fixedly connected to the middle position of the first transmission shaft (41). A pointer driving disk with an acted portion and cocentric with the disk is suspended on the periphery of the disk (21). The acted portion cooperates with the driving portion. When the measured value of the internal and external temperature difference is a reference value, the acted portion and the driving portion are located at an initial position for maintaining contact. When the measured value of the internal and external temperature difference is greater than the reference value, the acted portion is driven by the driving portion due to the rotation of the disk (21) in a first direction, thereby driving the pointer driving disk to rotate. The pointer of the dial is connected to the eccentric portion of the pointer driving disk via a connecting structure. The temperature difference measuring instrument is provided with a pointer driving disk reset mechanism, so that after the measurement is completed, the pointer driving disk can be reset so that the acted part and the driving part return to the contact state at the temperature difference reference value; A first temperature measuring rod (51) and a second temperature measuring rod (52) are welded to the lower part of the outer wall of the mounting shell, respectively. The lower ends of the first temperature measuring rod (51) and the second temperature measuring rod (52) are both provided with the body of a bimetallic temperature sensing element. The first temperature measuring rod (51) is longer than the second temperature measuring rod (52). The first temperature measuring rod (51) measures the internal temperature of the concrete, while the second temperature measuring rod measures the temperature of the concrete near the outside. The first temperature measuring rod (51) and the second temperature measuring rod (52) are respectively connected to a first rotation angle spring (411) and a second rotation angle spring (412). The first rotation angle spring and the second rotation angle spring are respectively connected to the first transmission shaft on both sides of the disc (21), and the torques acting on the first transmission shaft (41) are opposite. When the temperature difference between the inside and the outside is greater than a reference value, the sum of the torques acting on the first transmission shaft (41) by the first rotation angle spring and the second rotation angle spring causes the first transmission shaft to rotate in a first direction. The driving part and the acted part both have sharp angles, and the sharp angle of the driving part is equal to the sharp angle of the acted part; The connection structure comprises an extension rod (13), one end of the extension rod is fixedly connected to the first gear (22), and the other end of the extension rod (13) is fixedly connected to a pointer (12) in a radial direction parallel to the first gear (22), and the pointer (12) rotates as the first gear (22) rotates; the extension rod passes through a fan-shaped window (14) on a dial, and a temperature scale is displayed on the dial.

2. The instrument for measuring the maximum internal and external temperature difference of large-volume concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pointer driving disk is configured as a first gear (22) which is provided with a central inner hole, the disk (21) is located in the central inner hole, the outer peripheral wall of the disk (21) is provided with the driving portion, and the hole wall of the central inner hole is provided with the acted portion; A first central shaft (42) and a second central shaft (43) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first transmission shaft, and the first gear (22) is meshedly connected with a second gear (23) and a third gear (24) installed at the ends of the first central shaft (42) and the second central shaft (43) and are supported.

3. The instrument for measuring the maximum internal and external temperature difference of large-volume concrete according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second transmission shaft (44) parallel to the first transmission shaft is arranged on the outer side of the second gear (23) or the outer side of the third gear (24); a fourth gear (25) is fixedly arranged at one end of the second transmission shaft (44); and the other end is connected to a reset knob (441) behind the outer wall of the dial (1); the second transmission shaft (44) is a movable shaft, and the fourth gear (25) is connected to the second gear (23) or the third gear (24) by moving.

4. The instrument for measuring the maximum internal and external temperature difference of large-volume concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: A thickened portion is provided at the rear end of the first transmission shaft (41), and the first transmission shaft (41) is clamped in the position control seat (33) through the thickened portion. A front fixing seat (31) is provided at a position close to the front in the mounting shell (53), and a rear fixing seat (32) is provided at a position close to the rear. The position control seat (33) is provided on the rear fixing seat (32). The front fixing seat (31), the position control seat (33) and the rear fixing seat (32) are provided with a front through hole (311), a middle through hole (331) and a rear through hole (321) that are located in a straight line. Two ends of the first transmission shaft (41) pass through the front through hole (311) and the rear through hole (321) to be connected to one end of the first rotation angle spring (411) and the second rotation angle spring (412) respectively, and the first transmission shaft (41) is slidably connected to the front through hole (311), the middle through hole (331) and the rear through hole (321).

5. The instrument for measuring the maximum internal and external temperature difference of large volume concrete according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pointer driving disk is configured as a first gear (22), which is provided with a central inner hole, and the disk (21) is located in the central inner hole; A first central shaft (42) and a second central shaft (43) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first transmission shaft, and the first gear (22) is meshedly connected with a second gear (23) and a third gear (24) installed at the ends of the first central shaft (42) and the second central shaft (43) and are supported; The first central axis (42) and the second central axis (43) are both fixedly connected to the rear fixing seat (32); the second gear (23) is arranged in a first embedding groove (421) at the far end of the first central axis (42), is constrained in axial movement by a first embedding plate (4211) and a second embedding plate (4212), and is slidably connected to the first embedding groove (421); the third gear (24) is arranged in a second embedding groove (431) at the far end of the second central axis (43), is constrained in axial movement by a third embedding plate (4311) and a fourth embedding plate (4312), and is slidably connected to the second embedding groove (431).

6. The instrument for measuring the maximum internal and external temperature difference of large volume concrete according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first gear (22) is constrained to move in the axial direction by a baffle (211) fixedly connected to the disc (21).

7. The instrument for measuring the maximum internal and external temperature difference of large-volume concrete according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second transmission shaft (44) is clutch-connected and guided through the back side of the mounting housing (53) and the corner through hole (322) inside the mounting housing. When the fourth gear (25) is meshed and connected with the second gear (23) or the third gear (24), the reset knob (441) is rotated to drive the fourth gear (25). The fourth gear (25) drives the first gear (22) to rotate back to the original position through the gear meshing connection.

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