Relay and semiconductor device

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application discloses a relay and a semiconductor device, the relay comprising: a control circuit, at least one isolation circuit, at least one switching circuit; the isolation circuit is connected in series with the switching circuit one by one; the switching circuit comprises a first input end, a second input end, a first output end and a field effect tube; the control circuit is used for sending a control signal to the isolation circuit; the isolation circuit is used for isolating and processing the control signal and sending to the second input end; the switching circuit is used for controlling the field effect tube on-off according to the isolated and processed control signal, so that the voltage received by the first input end is output through the first output end when the field effect tube is turned on; in the case that the number of switching circuits is greater than one, the first output end of each switching circuit except the last switching circuit is connected with the first input end of the next switching circuit. In the technical scheme, the thickness of the relay is low, there is no risk of air breakdown, the distance between each electronic device can be shortened, and the volume of the relay can be reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of circuit protection, and in particular to a relay and a semiconductor device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of electronic technology, circuit controllable switch technology is widely used in various fields of electronic technology industry, and is paid more and more attention. Among them, the electromagnetic relay is a common application of circuit controllable switch technology.

[0003] The electromagnetic relay usually includes electronic devices of various metal materials. When the input voltage of the electromagnetic relay is high, the input voltage is easy to break through the air, thereby causing the phenomenon of internal sparking of the electromagnetic relay and damaging the electromagnetic relay. In order to reduce the risk of air breakdown under high voltage, the distance between each electronic device must be increased, thereby increasing the volume of the electromagnetic relay. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the embodiment of the present application is to provide a relay and a semiconductor device to solve the problem of how to reduce the volume of the electromagnetic relay.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a relay, which comprises a control circuit, at least one isolation circuit and at least one switch circuit; the at least one isolation circuit and the at least one switch circuit are connected in series one by one; the switch circuit comprises a first input end, a second input end, a first output end and a field effect tube, and the field effect tube is connected with the first input end, the second input end and the first output end respectively; wherein:

[0007] The control circuit is used for sending a control signal to the isolation circuit;

[0008] The isolation circuit is used for isolating the control signal and sending the isolated control signal to the second input end of the switch circuit;

[0009] The switch circuit is used for controlling the field effect tube to be turned on or turned off according to the isolated control signal, so that the voltage received by the first input end is output through the first output end when the field effect tube is turned on;

[0010] In the case where the number of the switch circuits is greater than one, the first output end of each switch circuit except the last switch circuit is connected with the first input end of the next switch circuit.

[0011] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a semiconductor device, which comprises the relay according to the first aspect.

[0012] In the embodiments of the present application, the relay comprises a control circuit, at least one isolation circuit and at least one switching circuit; the at least one isolation circuit is connected in series with the at least one switching circuit one by one; the switching circuit comprises a first input end, a second input end, a first output end and a field effect tube, and the field effect tube is connected with the first input end, the second input end and the first output end respectively; wherein: the control circuit is configured to send a control signal to the isolation circuit; the isolation circuit is configured to perform isolation processing on the control signal and send the control signal after the isolation processing to the second input end of the switching circuit; the switching circuit is configured to control the field effect tube to be turned on or turned off according to the control signal after the isolation processing, so that the voltage received by the first input end is output through the first output end when the field effect tube is turned on; in the case where the number of the switching circuits is greater than one, the first output end of each switching circuit except the last switching circuit is connected with the first input end of the next switching circuit. In the technical solution, the relay composed of the control circuit, the isolation circuit and the switching circuit can be deployed on a circuit board, which is equivalent to that each electronic device is located on the same plane, so that the thickness of the relay is low, in addition, there is no risk of air breakdown in controlling the field effect tube to be turned on or turned off, so that the distance between each electronic device can be shortened and the volume of the relay can be reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor.

[0014] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a relay provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 1.

[0015] Figure 2A A structural schematic diagram of a relay provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 1.

[0016] Figure 2B A working flow schematic diagram of a relay provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 2.

[0017] Figure 3 A working flow schematic diagram of a control circuit in a relay provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 3.

[0018] Figure 4A A structural schematic diagram of an isolation circuit in a relay provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 4.

[0019] Figure 4B A working flow diagram of an isolation circuit in a relay according to an embodiment of the present application is provided;

[0020] Figure 5A A working flow diagram of a switch circuit in a relay according to an embodiment of the present application is provided;

[0021] Figure 5B A structural diagram of a switch circuit in a relay according to an embodiment of the present application is provided;

[0022] Figure 6 A structural diagram of another relay according to an embodiment of the present application is provided;

[0023] Figure 7 A structural diagram of a semiconductor device according to an embodiment of the present application is provided. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to enable persons skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by persons skilled in the art without creative labor should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0025] Although relative terms such as "upper" and "lower" are used in the present specification to describe the relative relationship of one component of the icon to another component, these terms are used in the present specification only for convenience, for example, according to the direction of the examples described in the drawings. It can be understood that if the device of the icon is turned upside down, the component described as "upper" will become the component described as "lower". Other relative terms such as "high", "low", "top", "bottom", "left", "right", etc. also have similar meanings. When a structure is "on" another structure, it can mean that the structure is integrally formed on the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" disposed on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" disposed on the other structure through another structure.

[0026] "Left" appearing in the present specification refers to the left-hand side direction when facing the paper, and "right" refers to the right-hand side direction when facing the paper.

[0027] Figure 1A structural schematic diagram of a relay is provided for an embodiment of the present application. The relay comprises: a control circuit 101, at least one isolation circuit, and at least one switching circuit; the at least one isolation circuit is connected in series one-to-one with the at least one switching circuit; the switching circuit comprises a first input end, a second input end, a first output end, and a field effect tube, and the field effect tube is connected with the first input end, the second input end, and the first output end respectively.

[0028] Among them: the control circuit 101 is used for sending a control signal to the isolation circuit; the isolation circuit is used for isolating the control signal, and sending the isolated control signal to the second input end of the switching circuit; the switching circuit is used for controlling the field effect tube to be turned on or turned off according to the isolated control signal, so that the voltage received by the first input end is output through the first output end when the field effect tube is turned on; in the case that the number of switching circuits is greater than one, the first output end of each switching circuit except the last switching circuit is connected with the first input end of the next switching circuit.

[0029] The number of control circuits 101 can be one or multiple. The number of isolation circuits is the same as the number of switching circuits, and the number of control circuits 101 can be the same as the number of isolation circuits or different from the number of isolation circuits.

[0030] In the case that the number of control circuits 101 is greater than one, the number of control circuits 101 is equal to the number of isolation circuits, and the control circuit 101 is connected in series one-to-one with the isolation circuit.

[0031] The at least one isolation circuit can be one isolation circuit or comprise at least two isolation circuits. Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 1 , the at least one isolation circuit can comprise a first isolation circuit 102, a second isolation circuit 103, and a third isolation circuit 104.

[0032] The at least one switching circuit can be one switching circuit or comprise at least two switching circuits. Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 1 , the at least one switching circuit can comprise a first switching circuit 105, a second switching circuit 106, and a third switching circuit 107.

[0033] The first switching circuit 105 comprises a first input end 1051 of the first switching circuit, a second input end 1052 of the first switching circuit, a first output end 1053 of the first switching circuit, and a first field effect tube 1054, and the first field effect tube 1054 is connected with the first input end 1051 of the first switching circuit, the second input end 1052 of the first switching circuit, and the first output end 1053 of the first switching circuit respectively.

[0034] The second switching circuit 106 includes a first input terminal 1061, a second input terminal 1062, a first output terminal 1063, and a second field-effect transistor 1064. The second field-effect transistor 1064 is connected to the first input terminal 1061, the second input terminal 1062, and the first output terminal 1063 of the second switching circuit, respectively.

[0035] The third switching circuit 107 includes a first input terminal 1071, a second input terminal 1072, a first output terminal 1073, and a third field-effect transistor 1074. The third field-effect transistor 1074 is connected to the first input terminal 1071, the second input terminal 1072, and the first output terminal 1073 of the third switching circuit, respectively.

[0036] exist Figure 1 In the relay embodiment shown, the first isolation circuit 102 is connected in series with the corresponding first switch circuit 105, the second isolation circuit 103 is connected in series with the corresponding second switch circuit 106, and the third isolation circuit 104 is connected in series with the corresponding third switch circuit 107.

[0037] Control circuit 101 is used to send control signals to isolation circuits. When at least one isolation circuit is a single isolation circuit, isolation circuit 101 can send control signals to that isolation circuit. When at least one isolation circuit includes at least two isolation circuits, isolation circuit 101 can send control signals to each isolation circuit separately. Figure 1 As shown, the control circuit 101 can send control signals to the first isolation circuit 102, the second isolation circuit 103, and the third isolation circuit 104, respectively.

[0038] It should be noted that, for safety reasons, when at least one isolation circuit includes at least two isolation circuits, the control signal 101 can send control signals to each isolation circuit separately, so that the control signals arrive at each isolation circuit simultaneously.

[0039] An isolation circuit is used to isolate control signals and send the isolated control signals to the second input terminal of a corresponding switching circuit. For example... Figure 1As shown, the first isolation circuit 102 isolates the control signal and sends the isolated control signal to the second input terminal 1052 of the first switching circuit; the second isolation circuit 103 isolates the control signal and sends the isolated control signal to the second input terminal 1062 of the second switching circuit; the third isolation circuit 104 isolates the control signal and sends the isolated control signal to the second input terminal 1062 of the third switching circuit.

[0040] A switching circuit is used to control the field-effect transistor (FET) to turn on or off according to an isolated control signal, so that the voltage received at the first input terminal is output through the first output terminal when the FET is on. When the number of switching circuits is greater than one, the first output terminal of each switching circuit (except the last one) is connected to the first input terminal of the next switching circuit. Specifically, when at least one switching circuit includes at least two switching circuits, the at least two switching circuits can be connected in series in a preset order. For example, as shown... Figure 1 As shown, the preset order of the first switching circuit 105, the second switching circuit 106, and the third switching circuit 107 can be: first switching circuit 105 → second switching circuit 106 → third switching circuit 107, meaning the third switching circuit 107 is the last of the three switching circuits. Therefore, the first output terminal 1053 of the first switching circuit can be connected to the first input terminal 1061 of the second switching circuit; and the first output terminal 1063 of the second switching circuit can be connected to the first input terminal 1071 of the third switching circuit. Furthermore, the voltage received at the first input terminal 1051 of the first switching circuit, when the first field-effect transistor 1054, the second field-effect transistor 1064, and the third field-effect transistor 1074 are all turned on, passes sequentially through the first field-effect transistor 1054, the first output terminal 1053 of the first switching circuit, the first input terminal 1061 of the second switching circuit, the second field-effect transistor 1064, the first output terminal 1063 of the second switching circuit, the first input terminal 1071 of the third switching circuit, and the third field-effect transistor 1074, and is output through the first output terminal 1063 of the third switching circuit.

[0041] In practical implementation, the control circuit 101, isolation circuit, and switching circuit can all be deployed on a PCB (Printed Circuit Board). Therefore, the various electronic components included in the relay can be approximated as being located on the same plane, resulting in a thinner and smaller relay.

[0042] The relay provided by the embodiment of the present application can be applied to a high-voltage small-current scene of 50V-10000V, for example, an ESC power control relay widely used in the semiconductor industry outputs high-voltage static electricity to adsorb wafers and the like. The relay gradually reduces the voltage through a high-voltage small-power field effect tube, ensures low design cost and simple structure, takes into account the safety of the overall circuit, and solves the problems of slow response, low voltage resistance, large size and the like of the current relay.

[0043] The control circuit can generate the control signal by using an MCU (Microcontroller Unit), or can receive the control signal from outside the relay by using an interface.

[0044] The control signal can be a voltage control signal or other electronic control signal. Taking the voltage control signal as an example, the control signal can be a voltage value same as that of the power signal, can be 0V, or can be a voltage value of other numerical values. For example, the control circuit 101 can continuously output a 5V voltage to the isolation circuit, and the 5V voltage is same as the voltage value of the power signal, so that the input end of the isolation circuit does not exist a voltage difference, and does not output any signal to the switching circuit. When the control circuit 101 outputs the control signal to the isolation circuit, the voltage received by the isolation circuit is reduced from 5V to 0V, so that the input end of the isolation circuit exists a voltage difference, thereby outputting the isolation-processed control signal to the switching circuit through the output end; for another example, the control circuit only outputs a 5V voltage to the isolation circuit when outputting the control signal, and the voltage value is same as that of the power signal, so that the input end of the isolation circuit does not exist a voltage difference, and the output end of the isolation circuit does not output any signal to the switching circuit.

[0045] The isolation circuit can use a transformer, the transformer can be two mutually coupled coils, the transformer can include an input end and an output end, and the control unit 101 can send the power signal and the control signal to the input end of the transformer, so that the input end of the transformer exists a voltage difference value, and through the coupling between the two coils, the output end also exists a voltage difference value, which can be regarded as the isolation-processed control signal.

[0046] In specific implementation, according to the isolation-processed control signal, the field effect tube is controlled to be turned on or turned off, for example, in the case that the isolation-processed control signal is received by the second input end of the switching circuit, the field effect tube in the switching circuit is turned on; in the case that the isolation-processed control signal is not received by the second input end of the switching circuit, the field effect tube in the switching circuit is turned off. The corresponding relationship between the control signal and the on / off state of the field effect tube can also be reversed, which is not described herein again.

[0047] For the switching circuit, the switch-on and switch-off of the switching circuit can be realized by controlling the turn-on and turn-off of the field effect tube. That is, the switching circuit is turned on when the field effect tube is turned on, in which case the voltage received by the first input end of the switching circuit can pass through the field effect tube to the first output end and be output through the first output end. The switching circuit is turned off when the field effect tube is turned off, and the voltage received by the first input end cannot pass through the field effect tube to the first output end and be output through the first output end.

[0048] The field effect tube can be a MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor).

[0049] The switch-on and switch-off of the switching circuit are realized by the field effect tube, and there is no risk of breakdown of air, so compared with the traditional electric appliance relay, the distance between the relays provided in the embodiments of the present application can be shortened, thereby reducing the volume of the relay. In addition, the withstand voltage value of the relay is related to the withstand voltage value of the field effect tube, and by replacing the type of the field effect tube deployed on the PCB, the withstand voltage value of the relay can be flexibly adjusted.

[0050] In the case where the number of switching circuits is one, the voltage received by the first input end of the switching circuit is equal in value to the voltage output through the first output end of the switching circuit. In the case where the number of switching circuits is multiple, the voltage received by the first input end of the first switching circuit is equal in value to the voltage output through the first output end of the last switching circuit. That is, the input voltage of the relay is equal to the output voltage.

[0051] The relay provided in the embodiments of the present application can include one control circuit, one isolation circuit and one switching circuit, or can include one control circuit, at least two isolation circuits and at least two switching circuits, or can include N control circuits, N isolation circuits and N switching circuits, N being an integer greater than 1. The foregoing relay embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments and do not constitute special limitations on the present application.

[0052] The designer of the relay can flexibly increase or decrease the number of electronic devices, replace the type of electronic device and change the connection relationship between the electronic devices on the PCB according to the needs on the basis of any one of the relay embodiments of the present application, so as to change the withstand voltage value of the relay.

[0053] For example, before the change, the relay includes control circuit 1, isolation circuit 1 and switching circuit 1 connected in series, the voltage resistance value of the field effect tube 1034 of the switching circuit 1 is 50V, so the voltage resistance value of the relay can be 50V. In order to meet the design requirement of 80V voltage resistance, the designer of the relay increases the number of electrical devices deployed on the PCB and adjusts the connection relationship between the electrical devices, so that after the change, the relay includes control circuit 1, control circuit 2, isolation circuit 1, isolation circuit 2, switching circuit 1 and switching circuit 2. Among them, the control circuit 1, the isolation circuit 1 and the switching circuit 1 are connected in series; the control circuit 2, the isolation circuit 2 and the switching circuit 2 are connected in series; the first output end of the switching circuit 1 and the first input end of the switching circuit 2 are connected in series. Then after the relay is changed, its voltage resistance value is 100V, which can meet the design requirement of 80V voltage resistance.

[0054] In addition, the response speed of the relay mainly depends on the switching speed of the electrical devices in the relay receiving the control signal. Compared with the traditional mechanical electromagnetic relay and solid-state relay, the response frequency of the relay using the field effect tube in the application can reach more than 100Khz, so that the relay can be widely used in high-speed circuits.

[0055] In the embodiment as shown in the figure, Figure 1 In the embodiment as shown in the figure, The technical scheme in the embodiment includes the following steps: the control circuit sends the control signal to the isolation circuit; the isolation circuit performs isolation processing on the control signal and sends the isolation-processed control signal to the second input end of the switching circuit; the switching circuit controls the field effect tube to be turned on or turned off according to the isolation-processed control signal, so that the voltage received by the first input end is output through the first output end when the field effect tube is turned on; in the case where the number of switching circuits is greater than one, the first output end of each switching circuit except the last switching circuit is connected with the first input end of the next switching circuit. In the technical scheme, the relay composed of the control circuit, the isolation circuit and the switching circuit can be deployed on the circuit board, which is equivalent to that each electrical device is located in the same plane, so that the thickness of the relay is low, and in addition, there is no risk of air breakdown in controlling the field effect tube to be turned on or turned off, so that the distance between the electrical devices can be shortened and the volume of the relay can be reduced.

[0056] Figure 2A A structural schematic diagram of a relay is provided for an embodiment of the application. Figure 2BA working flow diagram of a relay is provided for an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2B The working flow of the relay shown in the working flow diagram of the relay can be applied to Figure 2A the relay shown in the working flow diagram of the relay.

[0057] As shown in Figure 2A , the control circuit 201, the isolation circuit 202 and the switch circuit 203 are connected in series, the switch circuit 203 includes a first input end 2031, a second input end 2032, a first output end 2033 and a field effect tube 2034, and the field effect tube 2034 is connected with the first input end 2031, the second input end 2032 and the first output end 2033 respectively. Specifically, the isolation circuit 202 and the switch circuit 203 are connected in series, and the isolation circuit 202 can be connected with the second input end 2032 of the switch circuit 203.

[0058] As shown in Figure 2B , the control circuit 201 sends a control signal to the isolation circuit 202, the isolation circuit 202 sends an isolation-processed control signal to the switch circuit 203, the switch circuit 203 receives a high-voltage input and sends a high-voltage output when the switch circuit 203 is turned on according to the control signal, and the switch circuit 203 receives a high-voltage input but does not send a high-voltage output when the switch circuit 203 is turned off according to the control signal.

[0059] The relay provided by the embodiment of the present application can realize the processes realized by the aforementioned relay embodiments, and thus the details are not repeated here.

[0060] Figure 3 A working flow diagram of a control circuit in a relay is provided for an embodiment of the present application.

[0061] As shown in Figure 3 , the micro control unit 3012 sends a control signal, or the control signal receiving unit receives a control signal input from outside the relay and sends the control signal.

[0062] Optionally, the control circuit includes a micro control unit and a control signal receiving unit connected in parallel; the micro control unit is used to generate a first control signal based on a vibration crystal and send the first control signal to the isolation circuit; the control signal receiving unit is used to receive a second control signal input from outside and send the second control signal to the isolation circuit; when one of the micro control unit and the control signal receiving unit is working, the other one is short-circuited and cannot work.

[0063] The control circuit can send a control signal in two ways: the first way is to generate a first control signal by the micro control unit 3012 and send the first control signal to the isolation circuit; the second way is to receive a second control signal input from outside by the control signal receiving unit 3011 and send the second control signal to the isolation circuit.

[0064] In the first mode of sending the control signal, the micro control unit 3012 can store instructions or programs written by a programming language, and the micro control unit 3012 can set the on-off state of the timing by using the pre-written instructions or programs. In addition, the internal crystal oscillator of the micro control unit 3012 can provide a clock source.

[0065] The pre-written instructions or programs can include a trigger condition for the micro control unit 3012 to generate the control signal, so that when the trigger condition is determined to be met according to the clock source during the process of the micro control unit 3012 executing the instructions or programs, the first control signal can be generated and sent to the isolation circuit.

[0066] In the implementation, a minimum system can be deployed on the PCB, which includes the micro control unit 3012 and the peripheral circuit of the micro control unit. The minimum system refers to a structure with the least number of electronic devices and the simplest system that can support the micro control unit 3012 to execute the functions of generating and sending the control signal. In addition, a low-voltage power supply system can also be deployed on the PCB, which is connected with the minimum system and provides power for the operation of the micro control unit 3012.

[0067] In the second mode of sending the control signal, the control signal receiving unit 3011 can include a plurality of interfaces, and the plurality of interfaces are respectively used to receive the second control signal, the power signal and the ground signal input from the outside.

[0068] It should be noted that when the control circuit sends the control signal in the first mode, the control signal receiving unit 3011 is in an idle state and can be regarded as being short-circuited, that is, the control circuit only generates the first control signal by the micro control unit 3012 and sends it to the isolation circuit; when the control circuit sends the control signal in the second mode, the minimum system including the micro control unit 3012 and the low-voltage power supply system are in an idle state and can be regarded as being short-circuited, that is, the control circuit only receives the second control signal, the power signal and the ground signal input from the outside by the control signal receiving unit 3011 and sends the second control signal and the power signal to the isolation circuit.

[0069] The relay provided by the embodiment of the application can realize the processes realized by the relay of the foregoing embodiment, and thus details are not repeated here.

[0070] Figure 4A A structural schematic diagram of an isolation circuit in a relay provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0071] Figure 4B A working flow schematic diagram of an isolation circuit in a relay provided by an embodiment of the application. As shown in the working flow schematic diagram of the isolation circuit, Figure 4B The working flow of the isolation circuit shown in the working flow schematic diagram can be applied toFigure 4A The isolation circuit is shown.

[0072] Optionally, the isolation circuit comprises a magnetic ring transformer 4021, a demagnetization circuit 4022 and a rectifier circuit 4023; an input end of the magnetic ring transformer 4021 is connected with an output end of the control circuit; the input end of the magnetic ring transformer is connected with the demagnetization circuit 4022 in parallel; and an output end of the magnetic ring transformer 4021 is connected with the rectifier circuit 4023.

[0073] The magnetic ring transformer 4021 can be an equivalent transformer, that is, the voltage difference at the input end is equal to the voltage difference at the output end.

[0074] As shown in Figure 4A The isolation circuit can comprise a magnetic ring transformer 4021, a demagnetization circuit 4022 and a rectifier circuit 4023. The demagnetization circuit 4022 can be composed of one resistor R1, one capacitor C1 and one diode D1. R1 and C1 are connected in parallel, and R1 and C1 are connected with D1 in series, respectively. The demagnetization circuit 4022 can be regarded as being connected in parallel with the input end of the magnetic ring transformer 4021.

[0075] The rectifier circuit 4023 can adopt a diode D2, or other electronic devices or circuits with rectification function. The output end of the magnetic ring transformer 4021 is connected with D2.

[0076] The magnetic ring transformer 4021 can be two coils coupled with each other, specifically two 10-turn coils. The magnetic ring transformer 4021 can isolate the low-voltage area and the high-voltage area, and ensure the safety distance between the high-voltage area and the low-voltage area.

[0077] The input end of the magnetic ring transformer 4021 can be connected with the output end of the control circuit, so as to receive the control signal output by the control circuit.

[0078] Figure 4A In the above figures, VCC refers to a power signal, and Signal refers to a control signal. It should be noted that Figure 4A and Figure 4B The transmission direction of the power signal and the control signal is not shown in the above figures. Figure 4A and Figure 4B The arrows in the above figures all refer to the direction of current.

[0079] When the control signal is received, the magnetic ring transformer 4021 has current flowing therethrough, and the coil stores energy. By adopting the demagnetization circuit, the excess energy can be absorbed when the control unit does not send the control signal, that is, when the transformer is paused.

[0080] By adopting the diode D2, the control signal after isolation processing can be rectified from an alternating current signal to a direct current signal. Since the diode has a unidirectional conductivity, the diode can prevent current from flowing backward and protect the front-stage circuit.

[0081] As shown in Figure 4B The left side of the magnetic ring transformer 4021 is the input end of the magnetic ring transformer 4021, and the right side is the output end of the magnetic ring transformer 4021. The input end of the magnetic ring transformer 4021 receives a power signal and a control signal. For example, the power signal is 5V, and the control signal is 0V. At this time, there is a voltage difference of 5V at the input end of the magnetic ring transformer 4021. The output end of the magnetic ring transformer 4021 sends the control signal after isolation processing. The control signal after isolation processing can be rectified from an alternating current signal to a direct current signal by the rectifier circuit 4023. OUT1 and OUT2 can be regarded as two voltage value points of the output end of the magnetic ring transformer 4021, which are used to determine the voltage difference at the output end of the magnetic ring transformer 4021. For example, the voltage value at OUT1 is 55V, and the voltage value at OUT2 is 50V. At this time, there is a voltage difference of 5V at the output end of the magnetic ring transformer 4021, which is equal to the voltage difference of 5V at the input end of the magnetic ring transformer 4021.

[0082] The direction of the control signal and the direction of the current will be specifically described below. Figure 4B

[0083] For example, the upper half of the input end of the magnetic ring transformer 4021 receives a power signal of 3.3V.

[0084] When the control circuit outputs a control signal, the lower half of the magnetic ring transformer 40221 receives a voltage signal of 0V. In this case, the voltage difference at the input end of the magnetic ring transformer 4021 is 3.3V. As shown in Figure 4B The arrow in the upper half of the input end of the magnetic ring transformer 4021 indicates that the current flows into the magnetic ring transformer from left to right. The arrow in the lower half of the input end of the magnetic ring transformer 4021 indicates that the current flows out of the magnetic ring transformer and flows from right to left. The direction of the power signal and the direction of the control signal are both right, Figure 4B which is not shown in the figure.

[0085] Unlike Figure 4B In the case where there is a voltage difference at the input end of the magnetic ring transformer 4021, the demagnetizing circuit 4022 can be regarded as being short-circuited, that is, no current flows through the demagnetizing circuit 4022.

[0086] In the case where there is a voltage difference at the input end of the magnetic ring transformer 4021, due to the coupling effect of the magnetic ring transformer 4021, there is a current at the output end, and the direction of the current is as Figure 4B ​As shown, the arrow of the upper half of the output end of the magnetic ring transformer 4021 represents the current direction from the magnetic ring transformer 4021 to OUT1, i.e. flowing from left to right, and the arrow of the lower half of the output end of the magnetic ring transformer 4021 represents the current direction from OUT2 to the magnetic ring transformer, i.e. flowing from right to left. OUT1 and OUT2 can be connected with the switching circuit.

[0087] In the case where the control circuit does not output the control signal, the lower half of the magnetic ring transformer 4021 receives the continuously input voltage signal 3.3V, and in this case the voltage difference of the input end of the magnetic ring transformer 4021 is 0V, and there is no current flowing through the upper half and the lower half of the input end of the magnetic ring transformer 4021, and due to the coupling effect of the magnetic ring transformer 4021, there is no current at the output end. In this case, the magnetic ring transformer 4021 can input the excess energy into the demagnetization loop 4022, and the current direction in this process is as shown by the two arrows between the magnetic ring transformer 4021 and the demagnetization loop 4022, i.e. Figure 5A

[0088] Optionally, the at least one isolation circuit includes a plurality of isolation circuits; the control circuit transmits the control signal to the plurality of isolation circuits through the equal-length meander line, so that the control signal reaches the input end of each isolation circuit at the same time point.

[0089] The relay can include one control circuit, a plurality of isolation circuits, and a number of switching circuits equal to the number of isolation circuits, and the control circuit can transmit the control signal to the plurality of isolation circuits through the equal-length meander line respectively, so that the control signal reaches the input end of each isolation circuit at the same time point. Each isolation circuit transmits the control signal after isolation to a one-to-one corresponding switching circuit, so that each switching circuit receives the control signal at the same time, and each switching circuit controls the field effect tube to be turned on or turned off according to the control signal received at the same time.

[0090] It should be noted that in order to ensure that each field effect tube is turned on or turned off at the same time, the device types of the field effect tubes used by the plurality of switching circuits in the same relay are the same, otherwise there may be a risk of damage to the relay under high voltage.

[0091] Optionally, the relay includes a plurality of control circuits; the at least one isolation circuit includes a plurality of isolation circuits; the plurality of control circuits and the plurality of isolation circuits are connected in series one-to-one; any control circuit in the plurality of control circuits transmits the control signal to the one-to-one corresponding isolation circuit through the equal-length meander line, so that the control signal emitted by each control circuit reaches the input end of the one-to-one corresponding isolation circuit at the same time point.

[0092] ​The relay can include a plurality of control circuits, a plurality of isolation circuits and a plurality of switch circuits, and the number of the control circuits, the isolation circuits and the switch circuits is equal. Any one control circuit can send a control signal to a corresponding isolation circuit through an equal-length zigzag line, so that the control signals sent by the control circuits reach the input ends of the corresponding isolation circuits at the same time point. The isolation circuits send the control signals after isolation to the corresponding switch circuits, so that the switch circuits simultaneously receive the control signals, and the switch circuits simultaneously control the field effect tubes to be turned on or turned off according to the simultaneously-received control signals.

[0093] The relay provided by the embodiment of the present application can realize the processes realized by the foregoing relay embodiments, and thus details are not repeated here.

[0094] Figure 5B A working flow diagram of a switch circuit in a relay provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 5A A structural diagram of a switch circuit in a relay provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0095] Optionally, the switch circuit further includes a pull-down resistor 5035 and a drain current absorption circuit 5036; the first input end 5031 is connected with the drain of the field effect tube 5034 and one end of the drain current absorption circuit 5036 respectively; the second input end 5032 is connected with one end of the pull-down resistor 5035 and the gate of the field effect tube 5034 respectively; and the first output end 5033 is connected with the other end of the pull-down resistor 5035, the source of the field effect tube 5034 and the other end of the drain current absorption circuit 5036 respectively.

[0096] As shown in the figure, the control signal enters the switch circuit through the second input end 5032, Figure 5B

[0097] As shown in the figure, High_vin refers to the voltage input into the switch unit through the first input end 5031, and High_vout refers to the voltage output from the switch unit through the first output end 5033, and High_vin = High_vout. Figure 5B

[0098] ​​In1 and In2 can be regarded as two voltage points located at both ends of the pull-down resistor 5035, i.e., R2 in the figure, for determining the voltage difference existing between both ends of the pull-down resistor 5035. When the control signal enters the switch circuit through the second input end 5032, there is a voltage difference between both ends of the pull-down resistor 5035, for example, the voltage of In1 is 55V and the voltage of In2 is 50V. When the switch circuit does not receive the control signal, there is no voltage difference between both ends of the pull-down resistor 5035. By using the pull-down resistor 5035, it can be ensured that the field effect transistor 5034 will not be misoperated in the case that the gate does not receive the control signal.

[0099] When the gate of the field effect transistor 5034 receives the control signal, the field effect transistor 5034, i.e., Q1 in the figure, is switched from the off state to the on state. At this time, the drain current absorption circuit 5036 does not work and can be regarded as being short-circuited. Figure 6

[0100] When the gate of the field effect transistor 5034 does not receive the control signal, the field effect transistor 5034 is switched from the on state to the off state. At this time, the drain current absorption circuit 5036 works and can absorb the excess drain current through the electronic devices such as the capacitor C3, the resistor R3 and the diode D3. The R3 and the D3 are connected in parallel, and the R3 and the D3 are connected in series with the C3, respectively.

[0101] The relay provided by the embodiment of the present application can realize the processes realized by the relay provided by the foregoing embodiment, and thus the details are not described herein again.

[0102] Optionally, the at least one switch circuit comprises a fourth switch circuit and a fifth switch circuit; and the first output end of the fourth switch circuit is connected in series with the first input end of the fifth switch circuit.

[0103] The fourth switch circuit and the fifth switch circuit can be connected in series in a preset order, and the preset order can be fourth switch circuit—>fifth switch circuit. The first output end of the fourth switch circuit is connected with the first input end of the fifth switch circuit. The voltage received by the first input end of the fourth switch circuit is sequentially transmitted through the field effect transistor of the fourth switch circuit, the first output end of the fourth switch circuit, the first input end of the fifth switch circuit and the field effect transistor of the fifth switch circuit, and is output through the first output end of the fifth switch circuit in the case that the field effect transistors of the fourth switch circuit and the fifth switch circuit are both in the on state.

[0104] Figure 6 Another structure schematic diagram of a relay provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0105] Figure 6 ​The number of the plurality of isolation circuits 602 included in the relay is the same as the number of the plurality of switch circuits 603 included in the relay, and the plurality of isolation circuits 602 are connected in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of switch circuits 603.

[0106] As shown in Figure 6 , the plurality of switch circuits 603 are connected in series in a preset order. For example, the plurality of switch circuits 603 include a switch circuit 1, a switch circuit 2, and a switch circuit 3, and the preset order of the three switch circuits can be switch circuit 1 -> switch circuit 2 -> switch circuit 3. Then, the first output end of the switch circuit 1 is connected with the first input end of the switch circuit 2, and the first output end of the switch circuit 2 is connected with the first input end of the switch circuit 3. Then, the voltage received by the first input end of the switch circuit 1, when the field effect tubes of the switch circuit 1, the switch circuit 2, and the switch circuit 3 are all turned on, is output through the first output end of the switch circuit 3, via the field effect tube of the switch circuit 1, the first output end of the switch circuit 1, the first input end of the switch circuit 2, the field effect tube of the switch circuit 2, the first output end of the switch circuit 2, the first input end of the switch circuit 3, and the field effect tube of the switch circuit 3.

[0107] Figure 4A The various electronic devices, signals, voltages, voltage value points, and arrows marked in the above, such as R1, C1, VCC, High_vin, OUT1, In1, etc., are the same as Figure 4B , Figure 5B , Figure 7 above, and details are not repeated here to avoid repetition.

[0108] Optionally, the withstand voltage value of the field effect tube includes a first voltage threshold value, and the ratio of the voltage received by the first input end to the number of switch circuits is less than or equal to the first voltage threshold value.

[0109] For safety considerations, the control signal needs to reach the isolation circuit at the same time, and then the control signal processed by the isolation circuit reaches the gate of the field effect tube at the same time, and then the plurality of field effect tubes in the same relay are always turned on or turned off at the same time.

[0110] The ratio of the voltage received by the first input end to the number of switch circuits can be regarded as the average voltage drop of the field effect tube. In the case where the average voltage drop of the field effect tube is less than or equal to the withstand voltage value of the field effect tube, the field effect tube can be regarded as being in a safe state and will not be damaged.

[0111] The voltage drop can be understood as the potential difference across each field effect transistor when the field effect transistor is turned off. For any one field effect transistor, if the voltage drop of the field effect transistor is greater than the withstand voltage of the field effect transistor, the device of the field effect transistor can be damaged. By increasing the number of field effect transistors deployed on the PCB, that is, increasing the number of switching circuits, the withstand voltage of the relay as a whole can be flexibly improved.

[0112] Optionally, the at least one switching circuit includes a plurality of switching circuits; the field effect transistors in each switching circuit are the same; the voltage drop of each switching circuit is determined according to the total voltage received by the relay and the number of the plurality of switching circuits; and the voltage drop is less than or equal to the withstand voltage of the field effect transistor.

[0113] For ease of control, in the case where the relay includes a plurality of switching circuits, the field effect transistors in each switching circuit can use the same electronic device. The voltage drop of each switching circuit is determined by the voltage drop of the field effect transistor, and can be considered as the same value.

[0114] In the case where the electronic devices of each switching circuit are the same, the average voltage drop of the field effect transistors and the value of the voltage drop of each field effect transistor are the same.

[0115] For example, the first voltage threshold is 100V, the voltage received by the first input terminal is 350V, the relay can include 4 switching circuits connected in series, the withstand voltage of each switching circuit is 100V, and the withstand voltage of the entire relay can be considered as the sum of the withstand voltages of the 4 switching circuits, that is, 400V. At this time, the voltage drop of each field effect transistor can be the ratio of 350 to 4, that is, 87.5V, which is less than the withstand voltage of the switching circuit 100V, and each field effect transistor is safe and will not be damaged.

[0116] Without considering external conditions such as high-voltage breakdown of air, in theory, the relay can infinitely increase the withstand voltage of the relay by increasing or decreasing the number of field effect transistors.

[0117] The relay provided by the embodiment of the present application can realize the processes realized by the foregoing relay embodiments, and thus details are not repeated here.

[0118] Further, an embodiment of the present application further provides a semiconductor device, Figure 7 A structural schematic diagram of the semiconductor device provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 1. Figure 1As shown, the semiconductor device includes a memory 701, a processor 702, a bus 703, and a communication interface 704. The memory 701, the processor 702, and the communication interface 704 communicate through the bus 703, and the communication interface 704 can include an input / output interface including, but not limited to, a keyboard, a mouse, a display, a microphone, a loudspeaker, and the like. The semiconductor device can further include the relay provided by any of the aforementioned relay embodiments.

[0119] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the application can be supplied as methods, systems, or computer program products. Accordingly, the application can be embodied in the form of complete hardware embodiments, complete software embodiments, or embodiments combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the application can be embodied in the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROMs, optical storage, etc.) having computer usable program code embodied thereon.

[0120] The present application is described in reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more flows and / or blocks Figure 1 means for carrying out the function specified by the block or blocks.

[0121] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer- readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instructions means which implement the function specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more flows and / or blocks Figure 1 means for carrying out the function specified by the block or blocks.

[0122] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the function specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more flows and / or blocks ​ means for carrying out the function specified by the block or blocks.

[0123] In one typical arrangement, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0124] The memory can include non-persistent memory and / or volatile memory, such as random access memory (RAM) having a common memory storage port. The memory is an example of computer readable media.

[0125] Computer readable media includes permanent and non-permanent, moveable and non- moveable media that can be implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disks (DVDs) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information accessible to a computing device. According to the definitions herein, computer readable media does not include transitory computer readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0126] It is also important to note that the terms "comprises", "comprising", or other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. An element proceeded by "comprises... a" does not, without more constraints, exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

[0127] The application can be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, and the like, that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The application can also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules can be located in both local and remote computer storage media including memory storage devices.

[0128] The various embodiments in the specification are described in progressive manner, and the same or similar parts among the various embodiments can be mutually referred to, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiments, since they are basically similar to the method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the part of the method embodiments.

[0129] The above only describes the embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. The present application can have various modifications and changes for those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the scope of claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A relay characterized by comprising: The control circuit, the at least one isolation circuit and the at least one switching circuit are connected in series; the switching circuit comprises a first input end, a second input end, a first output end and a field effect transistor, and the field effect transistor is connected with the first input end, the second input end and the first output end respectively; wherein: The control circuit is configured to send a control signal to the isolation circuit; The isolation circuit is configured to isolate the control signal and send the isolated control signal to the second input end of the switching circuit; The switching circuit is configured to control the field effect transistor to be turned on or turned off according to the isolated control signal, so that the voltage received by the first input end is output through the first output end when the field effect transistor is turned on; In the case where the number of switching circuits is greater than one, the first output end of each switching circuit except the last one is connected with the first input end of the next switching circuit; The switching circuit further comprises a drain current absorption circuit, one end of the drain current absorption circuit is connected with the drain of the field effect transistor, and the other end of the drain current absorption circuit is connected with the source of the field effect transistor, so that the excess drain current is absorbed when the field effect transistor is switched from the on state to the off state.

2. The relay according to claim 1, characterized in that The switching circuit further comprises a pull-down resistor; The first input end is connected with the drain of the field effect transistor; The second input end is connected with one end of the pull-down resistor and the gate of the field effect transistor respectively; The first output end is connected with the other end of the pull-down resistor and the source of the field effect transistor respectively.

3. The relay of claim 1, wherein The voltage threshold value of the field effect transistor comprises a first voltage threshold value; the ratio of the voltage received by the first input end to the number of switching circuits is less than or equal to the first voltage threshold value.

4. The relay of claim 1, wherein The isolation circuit comprises a magnetic ring transformer, a demagnetization circuit and a rectifier circuit; The input end of the magnetic ring transformer is connected with the output end of the control circuit; the input end of the magnetic ring transformer is connected with the demagnetization circuit in parallel; The output end of the magnetic ring transformer is connected with the rectifier circuit; The output end of the magnetic ring transformer is connected with the second input end of the corresponding switching circuit through the rectifier circuit.

5. The relay of claim 1, wherein The at least one switching circuit comprises a fourth switching circuit and a fifth switching circuit; The first output end of the fourth switching circuit is connected with the first input end of the fifth switching circuit in series.

6. The relay of claim 1, wherein The control circuit comprises a micro control unit and a control signal receiving unit connected in parallel; The micro control unit is configured to generate a first control signal based on a vibration crystal and send the first control signal to the isolation circuit; The control signal receiving unit is configured to receive a second control signal input by an external environment and send the second control signal to the isolation circuit; When one of the micro control unit and the control signal receiving unit is working, the other one is short-circuited and cannot work.

7. The relay of claim 1, wherein The at least one isolation circuit comprises a plurality of isolation circuits; The control circuit transmits the control signal to the plurality of isolation circuits through equal-length meander lines, so that the control signal reaches the input end of each of the isolation circuits at the same time point.

8. The relay of claim 1, wherein The relay comprises a plurality of control circuits; the at least one isolation circuit comprises a plurality of isolation circuits; the plurality of control circuits and the plurality of isolation circuits are connected in series one by one; Any control circuit in the plurality of control circuits transmits the control signal to the corresponding isolation circuit through equal-length meander lines, so that the control signal emitted by each of the control circuits reaches the input end of the corresponding isolation circuit at the same time point.

9. The relay of claim 1, wherein The at least one switch circuit comprises a plurality of switch circuits; the field effect tubes in each of the switch circuits are the same; The voltage drop of each of the switch circuits is determined according to the total voltage received by the relay and the number of the plurality of switch circuits; The voltage drop is less than or equal to the withstand voltage of the field effect tube.

10. A semiconductor device, characterized by comprising: The relay comprises the relay according to any one of claims 1-9.

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