A garbage incinerator

Abstract

The present invention relates to a garbage incinerator, and relates to the field of garbage incineration devices, comprising a furnace body, wherein the furnace body is composed of a crushing chamber and an incineration chamber which are distributed up and down and communicated with each other, and a flexible connection structure is provided at the connection between the crushing chamber and the incineration chamber; a crusher is provided in the crushing chamber, and a crank slider mechanism is provided between the two ends of the crushing rollers of the crusher and the inner wall of the crushing chamber; a screening mechanism is arranged through the middle part of the incineration chamber in the transverse direction, and the two ends of the screening mechanism extend to the outside of the incineration chamber to be connected with the outer wall of the crushing chamber; the present invention transmits power to the screen plate through the rotation and vibration generated by the crusher when it is working, and there is no need to install additional power devices such as motors, thereby saving electricity and manufacturing costs, while avoiding the blockage of the screen plate, and at the same time increasing the contact area between the incineration material and the air, so that it can be fully burned.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of garbage incineration devices, and in particular relates to a garbage incinerator. Background Art

[0002] The current mainstream disposal methods for urban garbage are landfill and incineration. Compared with landfill, incineration has unique advantages in reducing the amount and volume and recycling resources. Incineration of garbage is a relatively effective method to make garbage harmless, reduce the volume and recycle it. After high-temperature incineration, a large number of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, parasite eggs in the garbage are completely eliminated; garbage incineration can also achieve energy recovery, which means converting the internal energy of garbage into heat energy and electrical energy, including incineration power generation, heating and cogeneration of heat and power.

[0003] However, waste incineration has high requirements for equipment. It requires the equipment to provide sufficient and stable combustion conditions, and to be resistant to high temperatures and corrosion. Because the composition of urban waste is relatively complex, acidic gases such as HCl are easily generated during the combustion process; or because the waste is not in sufficient contact with the air, and the ash produced after combustion accumulates on the screen plate and cannot be removed in time, resulting in incomplete combustion, and then producing toxic and harmful gases such as dioxins, causing secondary pollution to the environment. However, even if the above requirements are met, it may consume a lot of energy and equipment to provide power for the structural operation of the incinerator. For this reason, the present invention provides a waste incinerator. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a garbage incinerator with a simple structure and reasonable design in order to solve the above problems.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A garbage incinerator comprises a furnace body, wherein the furnace body is composed of a crushing chamber and an incineration chamber which are distributed up and down and communicated with each other, and a flexible connection structure is provided at the connection between the crushing chamber and the incineration chamber;

[0007] A crusher is provided in the pulverizing chamber, and a crank slider mechanism is provided between the two ends of the crushing rollers of the crusher and the inner wall of the pulverizing chamber. A screening mechanism is arranged transversely through the middle of the incineration chamber, and the two ends of the screening mechanism extend to the outside of the incineration chamber and are connected to the outer wall of the pulverizing chamber.

[0008] The crusher transmits its own rotation as power to the crushing chamber during operation through the crank slider mechanism, so that the crushing chamber oscillates up and down and drives the screening mechanism to realize vibration screening.

[0009] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the flexible connection structure includes a flexible connection member arranged at the connection between the furnace body and the crusher, a movable guide plate is arranged inside the flexible connection member, the movable guide plate is embedded in a groove opened at a corresponding position of the furnace body and an elastic component connected to the movable guide plate is arranged in the groove.

[0010] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the crank slider mechanism includes a connecting rod, a guide column arranged on the inner wall of the crushing chamber, and a sliding sleeve arranged on the guide column. One end of the connecting rod is connected to the external eccentric position of the crushing roller of the crusher through a hinge, and the other end is connected to the sliding sleeve through a hinge.

[0011] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the screening mechanism includes a frame symmetrically arranged on the outer walls on both sides of the crushing chamber and a sieve plate transversely penetrating the middle of the incineration chamber, the two ends of the sieve plate are connected to the frame, and through openings for the sieve plate to pass through are provided on both sides of the incineration chamber, and movable support plates connected to the sieve plates are provided at the through openings, and the movable support plates are movably connected to the incineration chamber at the through openings.

[0012] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the screening mechanism also includes a metal grid arranged on the sieve plate, the sieve plate is provided with two guide rails, and sliding blocks connected to the metal grid are slidably provided on the two guide rails, and the guide rails are provided with evenly arranged air holes.

[0013] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the metal grid is composed of two first grid sheets and two second grid sheets connected in sequence, and hinges are provided between the two first grid sheets and the inner wall of the incineration chamber, between the first grid sheet and the second grid sheet, and between the two second grid sheets, and the hinges between the first grid sheet and the second grid sheet are connected to the sliding block.

[0014] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, an igniter is provided in the incineration chamber, and a smoke reflux device is provided outside the incineration chamber. The smoke reflux device includes a smoke outlet provided on the incineration chamber, a smoke filter provided at the smoke outlet, and a pressure valve and a smoke reflux pipe provided on the smoke filter. An air inlet cavity is provided on the sieve plate, and a telescopic sleeve is provided between the smoke reflux pipe and the air inlet cavity. A blower connected to the air inlet cavity is provided on the outer wall of the incineration chamber, and one end of the blower is connected to the outside.

[0015] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, a feed port is provided at the top of the crushing chamber and two feed baffles are symmetrically hinged at the feed port. A secondary crushing mechanism is provided inside the crushing chamber near the incinerator, and corresponding serrations are provided on the secondary crushing mechanism and the inner wall of the incineration chamber.

[0016] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, a conveyor belt is provided inside the incineration chamber at the lower part of the screening mechanism, and an ash collection bag connected to the discharging end of the conveyor belt is provided on the outside of the incineration chamber, and a guide plate is provided on the inner wall of the incineration chamber above the conveyor belt.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] (1) The present invention makes full use of the rotation and vibration of the crusher during operation. By installing a crank slider structure on the crushing roller of the crusher, the frame transmits the rotation and vibration of the crusher as power to the screen plate, causing it to oscillate up and down, thereby eliminating the need to install additional power devices such as motors, saving electricity and manufacturing costs to a certain extent, and allowing the ash produced after combustion to be filtered out in time, thus avoiding clogging of the screen plate to a great extent, and increasing the contact area between the incinerated material and the air, allowing it to be fully burned;

[0019] (2) The present invention makes full use of the principle of rotation and vibration transmission power. By installing a guide rail and a slider on the screen plate, and connecting the slider to the metal grid through a hinge, the screen plate vibrates up and down while driving the metal grid to do reciprocating motion, thereby achieving the effect of turning the incineration material, increasing the contact area between the incineration material and the air, making it fully burned, and greatly reducing the toxic and harmful gases generated by incomplete combustion;

[0020] (3) The present invention greatly reduces the impact of the vibration generated by the crusher during operation on the stability of the furnace body by arranging a flexible connection structure between the crushing chamber and the incineration chamber. At the same time, as an auxiliary structure, it enables the process of transmitting the rotation and vibration of the crusher as power to the screen plate to be realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 The present invention provides Figure 1 A magnified view of the structure of the middle A part;

[0023] Figure 3 is a top view of the sieve plate provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal grid provided by the present invention;

[0025] In the figure: 1. furnace body; 2. flexible connection structure; 21. flexible connection member; 22. movable guide plate; 23. groove; 24. elastic member; 3. crusher; 4. flue gas reflux device; 41. flue gas outlet; 42. flue gas filter; 43. pressure valve; 44. flue gas reflux pipe; 45. air inlet chamber; 46. telescopic sleeve; 47. blower; 5. screening mechanism; 51. frame; 52. sieve plate; 53. movable support plate; 54. sliding block; 55. guide rail; 56. air hole; 6. sliding sleeve; 7. connecting rod; 8. guide column; 9. metal grid; 91. first grid sheet; 92. second grid sheet; 93. hinge; 10. igniter; 11. secondary crushing mechanism; 12. sawtooth; 13. conveyor belt; 14. guide plate; 15. ash collection bag; 16. feed baffle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out here that the following specific implementation methods are only used to further illustrate the present application and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Technical personnel in this field can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0027] Embodiment 1

[0028] Reference Manual Attached Figure 1-3 This embodiment provides a waste incinerator, including a furnace body 1, the inner wall of the furnace body 1 is made of corrosion-resistant and high-temperature resistant materials, usually polytetrafluoroethylene, the furnace body 1 is composed of a crushing chamber and an incineration chamber distributed up and down and connected to each other, and a flexible connection structure 2 is provided at the connection between the crushing chamber and the incineration chamber, so that a certain movable gap is left at the connection between the crushing chamber and the incineration chamber. The above structure can not only greatly reduce the influence of the vibration of the crusher 3 on the stability of the furnace body 1, but also serve as an auxiliary structure to realize the process of transmitting the rotation and vibration of the crusher as power to the screening mechanism 5;

[0029] A crusher 3 is provided in the pulverizing chamber, and a crank slider mechanism is provided between the two ends of the crushing rollers of the crusher 3 and the inner wall of the pulverizing chamber. A screening mechanism 5 is arranged transversely through the middle of the incineration chamber, and the two ends of the screening mechanism 5 extend to the outside of the incineration chamber and are connected to the outer wall of the pulverizing chamber.

[0030] Furthermore, a feed port is provided at the top of the pulverizing chamber and two feed baffles 16 are symmetrically hinged at the feed port. Specifically, when garbage is put into the feed port, due to the gravity of the garbage itself, the feed baffle 16 at the feed port is opened by gravity, allowing the garbage to fall into the pulverizing chamber. At the same time, the feed baffle 16 is reset after losing the gravity of the garbage, so that the feed port can be automatically closed to prevent smoke from overflowing. In addition, the garbage after preliminary crushing falls into the secondary crushing mechanism 11 for secondary crushing. In order to crush it more fully, corresponding saw teeth 12 are arranged on the secondary crushing mechanism 11 and the inner wall of the incineration chamber to increase the contact surface between the crushing device and the garbage, so that the garbage is fully crushed, which is greatly beneficial to the full contact between the garbage and the air during incineration, so that it can be fully burned.

[0031] In addition, a conveyor belt 13 is provided inside the incineration chamber at the lower part of the screening mechanism 5, and an ash collecting bag 15 connected to the discharge end of the conveyor belt 13 is provided on the outside of the incineration chamber, and a guide plate 14 is provided on the inner wall of the incineration chamber above the conveyor belt 13. The ash produced by the combustion can fall completely onto the conveyor belt 13 through the guide plate 14. After the incinerator stops working, the ash collecting bag 15 is connected to the incineration chamber, and then the conveyor belt 13 is started to make the ash fall into the ash collecting bag 15. The staff is responsible for replacing the ash collecting bag 15.

[0032] When the equipment is in use, garbage is put into the crushing chamber and initially crushed by the crusher 3. Then the garbage falls into the secondary crushing mechanism 11 for secondary crushing. The fully crushed garbage falls on the screening mechanism 5 in the incineration chamber for incineration and vibration, so that the ash produced after combustion falls on the conveyor belt 13 and is transported out of the furnace body 1.

[0033] Specifically disclosed is that the flexible connection structure 2 includes a flexible connection member 21 arranged at the connection between the furnace body 1 and the crusher 3, and a movable guide plate 22 is arranged inside the flexible connection member 21. The movable guide plate 22 is embedded in a groove 23 opened at a corresponding position of the furnace body 1, and an elastic component 24 connected to the movable guide plate 22 is arranged in the groove 23.

[0034] The crank slider mechanism includes a connecting rod 7, a guide column 8 arranged on the inner wall of the crushing chamber, and a sliding sleeve 6 mounted on the guide column 8. One end of the connecting rod 7 is connected to the external eccentric position of the crushing roller of the crusher 3 through a hinge, and the other end is connected to the sliding sleeve 6 through a hinge.

[0035] The screening mechanism 5 includes a frame 51 symmetrically arranged on the outer walls on both sides of the crushing chamber and a sieve plate 52 transversely penetrating the middle of the incineration chamber. Both ends of the sieve plate 52 are connected to the frame 51. Through holes for the sieve plate 52 to pass through are arranged on both sides of the incineration chamber, and movable support plates 53 connected to the sieve plate 52 are arranged at the through holes. The movable support plates 53 are movably connected to the incineration chamber at the through holes.

[0036] The specific implementation method is that the crusher 3 crushes the garbage by squeezing and crushing, which will cause certain adverse vibrations to the furnace body 1 when working. Therefore, a flexible connection structure 2 is installed between the crusher 3 and the furnace body 1, so that a certain movable gap is left between the crushing chamber and the incineration chamber; the above structure can not only greatly reduce the impact of the vibration of the crusher 3 on the stability of the furnace body 1, but also serve as an auxiliary structure, so that the rotation and vibration of the crusher 3 can be transmitted as power to the screening mechanism 5;

[0037] When the crusher 3 is working, its crushing roller rotates to control the connecting rod 7 to move, so that the sliding sleeve 6 slides up and down along the guide column 8, thereby driving the entire crushing chamber to move up and down. The crank slider mechanism is preferably four groups, which are symmetrically distributed in front of and behind the crushing rollers of the crusher 3.

[0038] In addition, most of the prior art ignores the clogging problem of the screen plate 52, so that ventilation is difficult, making it difficult for the garbage to be fully burned. Even if some inventions take this into consideration, they still need to use power devices such as motors to achieve the purpose, which increases the power input and manufacturing cost to a certain extent. Therefore, this embodiment considers using the rotation and vibration of the crusher 3 itself to make the screen plate 52 oscillate; specifically, the fully crushed garbage falls on the screen plate 52 and is ignited by the igniter 10 to make it fully burned. The rotation of the crushing rollers of the crusher 3 drives the connecting rod 7 to move, so that the sliding sleeve 6 moves up and down on the guide column 8, thereby pulling the entire crushing chamber up and down. Frames 51 are set on both sides of the outside of the crushing chamber, which are directly connected to the screen plate 52 in the center of the incineration chamber, so that the rotation and vibration generated by the crusher 3 when working are transmitted to the screen plate 52 through the frame 51, and the movable support plate 53 vibrates up and down at the through-port, and finally drives the incineration material to oscillate up and down, so as to ensure that the ash generated after combustion can fall in time and avoid clogging of the screen plate 52.

[0039] Embodiment 2

[0040] Based on the first embodiment, refer to the attached specification Figure 1 and 4 The screening mechanism 5 also includes a metal grid 9 arranged on the sieve plate 52, and two guide rails 55 are provided on the sieve plate 52, and sliding blocks 54 connected to the metal grid 9 are slidably provided on the two guide rails 55. The metal grid 9 is composed of two first grid sheets 91 and two second grid sheets 92 connected in sequence. Hinged parts 93 are provided between the two first grid sheets 91 and the inner wall of the incineration chamber, between the first grid sheet 91 and the second grid sheet 92, and between the two second grid sheets 92. The hinged part 93 between the first grid sheet 91 and the second grid sheet 92 is connected to the sliding block 54.

[0041] Specifically, since the hinge 93 between the first mesh sheet 91 and the second mesh sheet 92 is connected to the sliding block 54, the sieve plate 52 vibrates up and down. Since the sliding block 54 is not a fixed structure on the guide rail 55, the sliding block 54 is transmitted to the sliding block 54 when the sieve plate 52 oscillates, causing the sliding block 54 and the guide rail 55 to slide, thereby driving the first mesh sheet 91 and the second mesh sheet 92 to reciprocate and expand in the horizontal direction, so as to achieve the purpose of turning the incineration material, greatly increasing the contact area between the incineration material and the air, so that it can be fully burned.

[0042] Embodiment 3

[0043] On the basis of the second embodiment, an igniter 10 is provided in the incineration chamber, and a flue gas reflux device 4 is provided outside the incineration chamber. The flue gas reflux device 4 includes a flue gas outlet 41 provided on the incineration chamber, a flue gas filter 42 provided at the flue gas outlet 41, and a pressure valve 43 and a flue gas reflux pipe 44 provided on the flue gas filter 42. The pressure valve 43 is used to increase the overall pressure inside the furnace body 1 to promote flue gas circulation; the flue gas filter 42 is used to filter toxic and harmful gases in the flue gas to achieve the flue gas emission index. The flue gas reflux pipe 44 adopts a top-out and bottom-in manner, and flows out from the flue gas outlet 41 above the incineration chamber and flows in from below the sieve plate 52 to ensure that the heat in the flue gas is fully utilized;

[0044] A blower 47 connected to the air inlet cavity 45 is provided on the outer wall of the incineration chamber, and one end of the blower 47 is connected to the outside. In addition, evenly arranged air holes 56 are provided on the guide rail 55. The air inlet cavity 45 is connected to the air holes 56. The blower 47 is connected to the outside and the smoke return pipe 44 at the same time, and fresh air and returned smoke are pumped into the air inlet cavity 45 together, and finally discharged into the furnace through the air holes 56, so as to achieve the purpose of promoting combustion and recovering waste heat.

[0045] Furthermore, in order to avoid the problem that the smoke reflow pipe 44 will be deformed due to the vibration of the screen plate 52, a telescopic sleeve 46 is provided at the connection between the smoke reflow pipe 44 and the air inlet cavity 45 to ensure that the vibration of the screen plate 52 will not have any adverse effect on the smoke reflow device 4.

[0046] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste incinerator, comprising a furnace body (1), wherein the furnace body (1) is composed of a crushing chamber and an incineration chamber which are distributed vertically and interconnected, and characterized in that: A flexible connection structure (2) is provided at the connection between the pulverizing chamber and the incineration chamber; The flexible connection structure (2) comprises a flexible connection piece (21) provided at the connection between the furnace body (1) and the crusher (3); a movable guide plate (22) is provided inside the flexible connection piece (21); the movable guide plate (22) is embedded in a groove (23) provided at a corresponding position of the furnace body (1); and an elastic member (24) connected to the movable guide plate (22) is provided in the groove (23); A crusher (3) is provided in the crushing chamber, a crank slider mechanism is provided between the two ends of the crushing rollers of the crusher (3) and the inner wall of the crushing chamber, a screening mechanism (5) is arranged in the middle of the incineration chamber in a transverse direction, and the two ends of the screening mechanism (5) extend to the outside of the incineration chamber to be connected to the outer wall of the crushing chamber; The screening mechanism (5) comprises a frame (51) symmetrically arranged on the outer walls of both sides of the pulverizing chamber and a screen plate (52) transversely penetrating the middle of the incineration chamber, the screening mechanism (5) further comprises a metal grid (9) arranged on the screen plate (52), the screen plate (52) is provided with two guide rails (55), and the two guide rails (55) are both slidably provided with a sliding block (54) connected to the metal grid (9), and the guide rail (55) is provided with evenly arranged air holes (56); The crusher (3) transmits its own rotation as power to the crushing chamber during operation through the crank slider mechanism, causing the crushing chamber to oscillate up and down while driving the screening mechanism (5) to achieve vibration screening.

2. A waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crank slider mechanism comprises a connecting rod (7), a guide column (8) arranged on the inner wall of the crushing chamber, and a sliding sleeve (6) sleeved on the guide column (8); one end of the connecting rod (7) is connected to the eccentric position of the outer crushing roller of the crusher (3) through a hinge, and the other end is connected to the sliding sleeve (6) through a hinge.

3. A waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the sieve plate (52) are connected to the frame (51), through openings for the sieve plate (52) to pass through are provided on both sides of the incineration chamber, and movable support plates (53) connected to the sieve plate (52) are provided at the through openings, and the movable support plates (53) are movably plugged into the incineration chamber at the through openings.

4. A waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal grid (9) is composed of two first grid sheets (91) and two second grid sheets (92) connected in sequence, and hinges (93) are provided between the two first grid sheets (91) and the inner wall of the incineration chamber, between the first grid sheet (91) and the second grid sheet (92), and between the two second grid sheets (92), and the hinges (93) between the first grid sheet (91) and the second grid sheet (92) are connected to the sliding block (54).

5. A waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: An igniter (10) is provided in the incineration chamber, and a smoke reflow device (4) is provided outside the incineration chamber. The smoke reflow device (4) comprises a smoke outlet (41) provided on the incineration chamber, a smoke filter (42) provided at the smoke outlet (41), and a pressure valve (43) and a smoke reflow pipe (44) provided on the smoke filter (42). An air inlet cavity (45) is provided on the sieve plate (52), and a telescopic sleeve (46) is provided between the smoke reflow pipe (44) and the air inlet cavity (45). A blower (47) connected to the air inlet cavity (45) is provided on the outer wall of the incineration chamber, and one end of the blower (47) is connected to the outside.

6. A waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feed port is provided at the top of the pulverizing chamber and two feed baffles (16) are symmetrically hinged at the feed port. A secondary pulverizing mechanism (11) is provided inside the pulverizing chamber near the incinerator, and corresponding saw teeth (12) are provided on the secondary pulverizing mechanism (11) and the inner wall of the incinerator.

7. A waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A conveyor belt (13) is provided inside the incineration chamber at the bottom of the screening mechanism (5), and an ash collection bag (15) connected to the discharge end of the conveyor belt (13) is provided outside the incineration chamber, and a guide plate (14) is provided on the inner side wall of the incineration chamber above the conveyor belt (13).

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