A method, device and computing device for determining atmospheric temperature profile

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of data processing technology, and in particular to a method, device and computing equipment for determining an atmospheric temperature profile. The method first obtains a space-based atmospheric temperature profile and a ground-based atmospheric temperature profile in the same area and at the same time; the space-based atmospheric temperature profile corresponds to a first altitude range, and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile corresponds to a second altitude range; then the height segmentation value and the required maximum altitude value are determined; then the first altitude range is segmented according to the height segmentation value and the maximum altitude value to obtain a third altitude range; the second altitude range is segmented according to the height segmentation value to obtain a fourth altitude range; finally, the space-based atmospheric temperature profile of the third altitude range and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile of the fourth altitude range are combined to obtain a determined atmospheric temperature profile. The atmospheric temperature profile determined by the determination method provided by the present application has a high accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of data processing technology, and in particular to a method, device and computing equipment for determining an atmospheric temperature profile. Background Art

[0002] With the maturity of infrared high-resolution spectral measurement technology, it has become possible to obtain high vertical resolution atmospheric temperature profiles by inverting high spectral resolution infrared radiation measurement data of the atmosphere.

[0003] At present, there are many atmospheric infrared spectrometers carried on satellites to carry out on-orbit operational measurements, such as AIRS (Atmospheric Infrared Sounder) carried on the Aqua satellite, IASI (Infrared Atmospheric Sounder Interferometer) carried on the MetOp-A / B satellite, and GIIRS (Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder) carried on the FY-4A satellite. Using the radiation measurement data of the satellite-borne atmospheric infrared spectrometer (i.e., space-based downward measurement), global-scale atmospheric temperature profile inversion products can be obtained. This is of great value in improving the accuracy of weather forecasts, increasing the confidence in climate analysis, and accurately evaluating the impact of the atmosphere on the application of infrared optoelectronic engineering. It is an irreplaceable method for other atmospheric temperature measurement technologies.

[0004] However, the changes in atmospheric temperature near the ground are difficult to show a significant response in the infrared spectrum obtained by space-based downward-looking measurements, resulting in low accuracy of the atmospheric temperature inverted using the spectral data obtained by space-based downward-looking measurements near the ground.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method for determining the atmospheric temperature profile to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The embodiments of the present invention provide a method, an apparatus and a computing device for determining an atmospheric temperature profile, which can accurately determine the atmospheric temperature profile.

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining an atmospheric temperature profile, comprising:

[0008] Acquire a space-based atmospheric temperature profile and a ground-based atmospheric temperature profile in the same area and at the same time; the space-based atmospheric temperature profile corresponds to a first altitude range, and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile corresponds to a second altitude range;

[0009] Determine the height split value and the required maximum height value;

[0010] The first height range is divided according to the height division value and the highest height value to obtain a third height range; two endpoints of the third height range are respectively the height division value and the highest height value;

[0011] The second height range is divided according to the height division value to obtain a fourth height range; two endpoints of the fourth height range are 0 and the height division value respectively;

[0012] The space-based atmospheric temperature profile of the third altitude range and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile of the fourth altitude range are combined to obtain a determined atmospheric temperature profile.

[0013] In a possible design, obtaining the space-based atmospheric temperature profile in the same area and at the same time includes:

[0014] Acquiring space-based infrared spectrum data of the area and the time;

[0015] Based on the space-based infrared spectrum data, construct a first radiation transfer equation;

[0016] constructing an iterative equation of a least square solution of the first radiation transfer equation under a first constraint matrix;

[0017] A converged solution of the iterative equation is solved to obtain a space-based atmospheric temperature profile in the area and at the time.

[0018] In one possible design, the first radiation transfer equation is:

[0019]

[0020] in, is the space-based infrared spectrum radiation brightness of the area and the time; T s and ε are the surface temperature and surface emissivity of the region and time, respectively; L B For T s The corresponding blackbody radiation brightness; τ is the atmospheric transmittance between two atmospheric height layers at the detector's line of sight; z s is the height of the ground surface; z ∞ τ is the height of the highest level in the first preset height range; s is the transmittance of the entire atmosphere at the detector’s line of sight; T z is the atmospheric temperature at height z; is the spectral radiance residual;

[0021] The iterative equation for constructing the least square solution of the first radiation transfer equation under the first constraint matrix includes:

[0022] Constructing the simplified equation of the first radiative transfer equation:

[0023] L=F(T)

[0024] Wherein, L is a matrix composed of radiation brightness measurement values; T is a matrix composed of atmospheric temperature profiles discretized according to atmospheric height grids; F is a functional relationship composed of the first radiation transfer equation;

[0025] Constructing a first constraint matrix R of the first radiation transfer equation;

[0026] Among them, RR T =I, I is the unit matrix;

[0027] Construct the least square solution equation of the simplified equation under the first constraint matrix:

[0028]

[0029] Among them, ‖ ‖2 is the second-order norm of the matrix; T0 is the initial guess value profile of T; λ is the regularization parameter of the least squares solution equation, L m is the radiance measurement;

[0030] Based on the Gauss-Newton iteration method, the iterative equation of the least square solution equation is constructed:

[0031]

[0032] Where, the subscript n represents the nth iteration; the superscript T represents the matrix transpose; T n is the atmospheric temperature profile generated by the nth iteration calculation; K n is the Jacobian matrix of atmospheric temperature calculated at the nth iteration; S m is the error covariance matrix; is the zero-order regularization matrix.

[0033] In a possible design, obtaining the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile in the same area and at the same time includes:

[0034] Acquiring ground-based infrared spectrum data of the area and the time;

[0035] Based on the ground-based infrared spectrum data, construct a second radiation transfer equation;

[0036] constructing an iterative equation of a least square solution of the second radiation transfer equation under a second constraint matrix;

[0037] A convergent solution of the iterative equation is solved to obtain a ground-based atmospheric temperature profile in the area and at the time.

[0038] In one possible design, the second radiation transfer equation is:

[0039]

[0040] in, is the ground-based infrared spectrum radiation brightness of the area and the time; L B is the surface temperature T s The corresponding blackbody radiation brightness; τ is the atmospheric transmittance between two atmospheric height layers at the detector's line of sight; z s is the height of the ground surface; z ∞ is the height of the highest level in the second preset height range; τ s is the transmittance of the entire atmosphere at the detector’s line of sight; T z is the atmospheric temperature at height z; is the spectral radiance residual;

[0041] The iterative equation for constructing the least square solution of the second radiation transfer equation under the second constraint matrix includes:

[0042] Constructing the simplified equation of the second radiation transfer equation:

[0043] L=F(T)

[0044] Wherein, L is a matrix composed of radiation brightness measurement values; T is a matrix composed of atmospheric temperature profiles discretized according to atmospheric height grids; F is a functional relationship composed of the second radiation transfer equation;

[0045] Construct the second constraint matrix S of the second radiation transfer equation ap ;

[0046] S ap =T nt (T nt ) T / (t-1)

[0047] Among them, T nt is the atmospheric temperature profile sample anomaly matrix, n is the number of atmospheric profile layers, and t is the number of atmospheric temperature profile samples used in the region;

[0048] Construct the least square solution equation of the simplified equation under the second constraint matrix:

[0049]

[0050] Among them, ‖ ‖2 is the second-order norm of the matrix; T0 is the initial guess value profile of T; λ is the regularization parameter of the least squares solution equation, L m is the radiance measurement;

[0051] Based on the Gauss-Newton iteration method, the iterative equation of the least square solution equation is constructed:

[0052]

[0053] Where, the subscript n represents the nth iteration; the superscript T represents the matrix transpose; T n is the atmospheric temperature profile generated by the nth iteration calculation; K n is the Jacobian matrix of atmospheric temperature calculated at the nth iteration; S m is the error covariance matrix; is the optimal estimate regularization matrix, S ap The inverse of a matrix.

[0054] In a possible design, the infrared spectrum data is measurement data corresponding to a preset spectrum channel combination of a 15 μm spectrum band of carbon dioxide;

[0055] The preset spectral channel combination is determined in the following manner:

[0056] The information capacity theory is used to evaluate the total information capacity of the 15μm band of carbon dioxide in infrared spectroscopy measurement.

[0057] The spectral channels that can maximize the information increment are selected one by one by using the step-by-step iteration method of the spectral channel information increment, until the information capacity contained in the selected spectral channel combination reaches the preset information capacity; the calculation formula of the step-by-step iteration method of the spectral channel information increment is:

[0058]

[0059] h i =(k′ i ) T ,

[0060] Among them, δH i is the information capacity increment caused by adding a spectral channel based on the first i-1 spectral channels; k′ is the normalized Jacobian matrix, k′ k is the i-th spectral channel element of k′, S m is the error covariance matrix, K is the complete Jacobian matrix, and S m To standardize;

[0061] The selected spectral channel combination is used as a preset spectral channel combination.

[0062] In a possible design, the regularization parameter λ is determined based on an L-Curve curvature selection method.

[0063] In a possible design, before combining the space-based atmospheric temperature profile of the third altitude range and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile of the fourth altitude range, it also includes: determining whether the altitude resolutions of the space-based atmospheric temperature profile and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile are the same; if they are not the same, converting the altitude resolutions of the space-based atmospheric temperature profile and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile to the same altitude resolution.

[0064] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for determining an atmospheric temperature profile, comprising:

[0065] An acquisition module, used to acquire a space-based atmospheric temperature profile and a ground-based atmospheric temperature profile in the same area and at the same time; the space-based atmospheric temperature profile corresponds to a first altitude range, and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile corresponds to a second altitude range;

[0066] A first determination module, used to determine a height segmentation value and a required maximum height value;

[0067] A second determining module is used to divide the first height range according to the height segmentation value and the highest height value to obtain a third height range; two endpoints of the third height range are respectively the height segmentation value and the highest height value;

[0068] A third determining module is used to divide the second height range according to the height segmentation value to obtain a fourth height range; two endpoints of the fourth height range are 0 and the height segmentation value respectively;

[0069] The combination module is used to combine the space-based atmospheric temperature profile of the third altitude range and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile of the fourth altitude range to obtain a determined atmospheric temperature profile.

[0070] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computing device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the method described in any embodiment of this specification is implemented.

[0071] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed in a computer, enables the computer to execute the method described in any embodiment of this specification.

[0072] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method, device and computing equipment for determining an atmospheric temperature profile. The method first obtains a space-based atmospheric temperature profile and a ground-based atmospheric temperature profile of the same area and the same time. However, since the space-based atmospheric temperature profile has a higher accuracy far from the ground and a lower accuracy near the ground, while the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile has a lower accuracy far from the ground and a higher accuracy near the ground, it is necessary to intercept the higher-accuracy parts of the two profiles for combination. In response to this problem, the method determines the height segmentation value and the required maximum height value, respectively segments the space-based atmospheric temperature profile and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile, removes the lower-accuracy parts of each profile, retains the higher-accuracy parts, and obtains the space-based atmospheric temperature profile of the third height range and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile of the fourth height range with higher accuracy, respectively. Finally, the two segmented temperature profiles are combined to obtain a determined atmospheric temperature profile. It can be seen that the atmospheric temperature profile determined by the method provided by the present application has high accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0073] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0074] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining an atmospheric temperature profile provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 2 It is a comparison diagram of the atmospheric temperature profile determined by the method of the present application and the actual atmospheric temperature profile provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 3 is a hardware architecture diagram of a computing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of a device for determining an atmospheric temperature profile provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0078] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0079] As mentioned above, the changes in atmospheric temperature near the ground are difficult to show a significant response in the infrared spectrum obtained by space-based downward-looking measurements, resulting in low accuracy of the atmospheric temperature inverted using the spectral data obtained by space-based downward-looking measurements near the ground.

[0080] Therefore, in order to solve the above technical problems, it is possible to consider combining the acquired space-based atmospheric temperature profile far from the ground with the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile near the ground to generate a definite atmospheric temperature profile, thereby improving the accuracy of the atmospheric temperature profile.

[0081] The specific implementation of the above concept is described below.

[0082] Please refer to Figure 1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining an atmospheric temperature profile, the method comprising:

[0083] Step 100, obtaining a space-based atmospheric temperature profile and a ground-based atmospheric temperature profile in the same area and at the same time; the space-based atmospheric temperature profile corresponds to a first altitude range, and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile corresponds to a second altitude range;

[0084] Step 102, determining the height segmentation value and the required maximum height value;

[0085] Step 104, dividing the first height range according to the height segmentation value and the highest height value to obtain a third height range; two endpoints of the third height range are the height segmentation value and the highest height value respectively;

[0086] Step 106, dividing the second height range according to the height segmentation value to obtain a fourth height range; two endpoints of the fourth height range are 0 and the height segmentation value respectively;

[0087] Step 108: Combine the space-based atmospheric temperature profile of the third altitude range and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile of the fourth altitude range to obtain a determined atmospheric temperature profile.

[0088] In an embodiment of the present invention, the space-based atmospheric temperature profile and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile of the same area and the same time are first obtained. However, since the space-based atmospheric temperature profile has a higher accuracy far from the ground and a lower accuracy near the ground, while the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile has a lower accuracy far from the ground and a higher accuracy near the ground, it is necessary to intercept the higher-accuracy parts of the two profiles for combination. To address this problem, the method determines the height segmentation value and the required maximum height value, respectively segments the space-based atmospheric temperature profile and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile, removes the lower-accuracy parts of each profile, retains the higher-accuracy parts, and obtains the space-based atmospheric temperature profile of the third height range and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile of the fourth height range with higher accuracy, respectively. Finally, the two segmented temperature profiles are combined to obtain a determined atmospheric temperature profile. Therefore, the atmospheric temperature profile determined by the method provided in this embodiment has high accuracy.

[0089] Described below Figure 1 How the various steps are performed.

[0090] First, for step 100, a space-based atmospheric temperature profile and a ground-based atmospheric temperature profile are obtained in the same area and at the same time; the space-based atmospheric temperature profile corresponds to a first altitude range, and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile corresponds to a second altitude range.

[0091] In this embodiment, the acquired space-based atmospheric temperature profile and ground-based atmospheric temperature profile are matched in time and space, that is, the spatial regions and measurement times corresponding to the two atmospheric temperature profiles are consistent, which is a prerequisite for combining the two atmospheric temperature profiles, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the atmospheric temperature profile composed of the two atmospheric temperature profiles.

[0092] The first altitude range and the second altitude range may be 0 to n1 km and 0 to n2 km, respectively, wherein n1 and n2 are natural numbers greater than 0, for example, n1 may be 30 km and n2 may be 5 km, and the user may determine the altitude range according to actual needs.

[0093] In some embodiments, obtaining a space-based atmospheric temperature profile for the same area and the same time includes:

[0094] Step A1, obtaining space-based infrared spectrum data of the area and the time;

[0095] Step A2, constructing a first radiation transfer equation based on the space-based infrared spectrum data;

[0096] Step A3, constructing an iterative equation of the least square solution of the first radiation transfer equation under the first constraint matrix;

[0097] Step A4, solving the iterative equation for a converged solution, and obtaining the space-based atmospheric temperature profile of the region and the time.

[0098] For step A1, the infrared spectrum data of the area and the time can be obtained by the satellite-borne atmospheric infrared spectrometer. Of course, if the infrared spectrum data cannot be obtained by the satellite-borne atmospheric infrared spectrometer, the atmospheric parameter profile provided by the CIMSS (Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies) atmospheric profile sample library can be used as the standard profile, and the LBLRTM (Line-By-Line Radiative Transfer Model) can be used as the radiation transfer calculation model. The selected standard profile is brought into the first radiation transfer calculation model to calculate the space-based downward-looking simulated infrared spectrum data under the specified satellite-borne infrared spectrometer parameter settings.

[0099] With respect to step A3, in some embodiments, the first radiation transfer equation is:

[0100]

[0101] in, is the space-based infrared spectrum radiation brightness of the area and time; T s and ε are the surface temperature and surface emissivity of the region and time respectively; L B For T s The corresponding blackbody radiation brightness; τ is the atmospheric transmittance between two atmospheric height layers at the detector's line of sight; z s is the height of the ground surface; z ∞ is the height of the highest level in the first preset height range; τ s is the transmittance of the entire atmosphere at the detector’s line of sight; T z is the atmospheric temperature at height z; is the spectral radiance residual;

[0102] In this embodiment, once the region and time are determined, the surface temperature T can be determined by actual measurement. s and surface emissivity ε, which can also be obtained using reanalysis data or climatological model data, and are not specifically limited in this application; surface temperature T s After determination, the corresponding blackbody temperature L can be calculated using Planck's formula B It should be noted that, since the infrared radiation brightness contributed by the atmosphere above 25 km can be ignored, in this embodiment, z ∞ Set at 25km.

[0103] From the composition of the first radiation transfer equation, it can be seen that the equation is highly nonlinear and can be classified as a first-kind Fredholm integral equation. The problem of solving this equation is a typical indeterminate optimal estimation problem. The simple Newton iteration algorithm can hardly ensure the stability of the iteration process, resulting in non-convergence of the iteration or a result with a large error. In addition, the simple Newton iteration algorithm needs to rely on an accurate initial guess profile, and the acquisition of the initial guess profile needs to rely on high-quality local atmospheric temperature profile historical data. For uninhabited areas such as oceans and Gobi, it is difficult to obtain accurate atmospheric temperature profiles through sounding balloons and other means, which affects the calculation accuracy of the first radiation transfer equation.

[0104] Therefore, it is necessary to introduce the first constraint matrix to impose additional constraints on the iterative algorithm to ensure that the iterative process always moves in the right direction, thereby improving the accuracy of the iterative calculation of the first radiation transfer equation.

[0105] In some embodiments, constructing an iterative equation for a least squares solution of the first radiation transfer equation under the first constraint matrix includes:

[0106] Step B1, construct a simplified equation of the first radiation transfer equation:

[0107] L=F(T)

[0108] Wherein, L is the matrix of radiation brightness measurement values; T is the matrix of atmospheric temperature profiles discretized according to the atmospheric height grid; F is the functional relationship formed by the first radiation transfer equation;

[0109] Step B2, constructing a first constraint matrix R of the first radiation transfer equation;

[0110] Among them, RR T =I, I is the unit matrix;

[0111] Step B3, construct the least squares solution equation of the simplified equation under the first constraint matrix:

[0112]

[0113] Among them, ‖ ‖2 is the second-order norm of the matrix; T0 is the initial guess value profile of T; λ is the regularization parameter of the least squares solution equation, L m is the radiance measurement;

[0114] Step B4, constructing an iterative equation for the least squares solution equation based on the Gauss-Newton iteration method:

[0115]

[0116] Where, the subscript n represents the nth iteration; the superscript T represents the matrix transpose; Tn is the atmospheric temperature profile generated by the nth iteration calculation; K n is the Jacobian matrix of atmospheric temperature calculated at the nth iteration; S m is the error covariance matrix; is the zero-order regularization matrix.

[0117] In this embodiment, the regularization parameter changes in each iteration process to achieve the best effect of suppressing noise and suppressing regularization error. That is, the Tikhonov regularization technique is used to avoid the iterative algorithm's reliance on high-precision initial guess profiles by maintaining the equilibrium between the norm of the solution and the norm of the residual, thereby avoiding the iterative algorithm's reliance on high-precision initial guess profiles. That is, during iterative calculations, even if the given initial guess profile is very different from the true temperature profile, it does not affect the calculation accuracy of the iterative calculation results.

[0118] It should be noted that the initial guess profile can be selected from the US standard atmospheric profile; the error covariance matrix S m It is generally considered to be channel independent, that is, the matrix is ​​a diagonal matrix, and the matrix elements are the sum of the radiation transfer calculation model error and the spectral measurement error.

[0119] It should also be noted that, in the infrared spectrum data obtained by the space-based downward view, the atmospheric temperature changes relatively steadily with the height. Therefore, in this embodiment, a zero-order regularization matrix is ​​selected, which can not only constrain the direction of the iterative calculation, but also make the equation converge quickly and shorten the calculation time. Of course, the selection of a zero-order regularization matrix is ​​only a preferred method, and the user can also select a multi-order regularization matrix or other regularization matrix, which is not specifically limited in this application.

[0120] In some embodiments, obtaining a ground-based atmospheric temperature profile in the same area and at the same time includes:

[0121] Step C1, obtaining ground-based infrared spectrum data of the area and the time;

[0122] Step C2, constructing a second radiation transfer equation based on the ground-based infrared spectrum data;

[0123] Step C3, constructing an iterative equation of the least square solution of the second radiation transfer equation under the second constraint matrix;

[0124] Step C4, solving the iterative equation for a converged solution, and obtaining the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile of the region and the time.

[0125] For step C1, the infrared spectrum data of the area and the time can be obtained by a ground-based atmospheric infrared spectrometer. Of course, if in step A1, the space-based downward-looking simulated infrared spectrum data under the specified satellite-borne infrared spectrometer parameter setting is calculated by bringing the standard profile into the first radiation transfer calculation model, then this step can assume that the satellite sensor measurement time and area match a ground-based outdoor infrared radiation measurement test, and the matching ground-based infrared spectrometer is used in the ground-based outdoor test to synchronously obtain the ground-based upward-looking infrared spectrum, so the same standard profile is used to bring it into the second radiation transfer calculation model to calculate the ground-based upward-looking simulated infrared spectrum.

[0126] For step C3, in some embodiments, the second radiation transfer equation is:

[0127]

[0128] in, is the ground-based infrared spectrum radiation brightness of the area and time; L B is the surface temperature T s The corresponding blackbody radiation brightness; τ is the atmospheric transmittance between two atmospheric height layers at the detector's line of sight; z s is the height of the ground surface; z ∞ τ is the height of the highest level in the second preset height range; s is the transmittance of the entire atmosphere at the detector’s line of sight; T z is the atmospheric temperature at height z; is the spectral radiance residual;

[0129] In this embodiment, once the region and time are determined, the surface temperature T can be determined by actual measurement. s and surface emissivity ε, which can also be obtained using reanalysis data or climatological model data, and are not specifically limited in this application; surface temperature T s After determination, the corresponding blackbody temperature L can be calculated using Planck's formula B It should be noted that, since the ground-based atmospheric spectrum measurement value only responds significantly to the atmospheric temperature change below 3 km, the altitude for inverting the atmospheric temperature using the ground-based infrared spectrum is generally limited to below 3 km. ∞ Set to 3km.

[0130] Similar to the first radiation transfer equation, the second radiation transfer equation is also highly nonlinear and is also classified as the first kind of Fredholm integral equation. The solution to this equation is a typical indeterminate optimal estimation problem. The simple Newton iteration algorithm can hardly ensure the stability of the iteration process, resulting in non-convergence of the iteration or a result with large errors. In addition, the simple Newton iteration algorithm needs to rely on an accurate initial guess profile, and the acquisition of the initial guess profile needs to rely on high-quality local atmospheric temperature profile historical data. For uninhabited areas such as oceans and Gobi, it is difficult to obtain accurate atmospheric temperature profiles through sounding balloons and other means, which affects the calculation accuracy of the second radiation transfer equation.

[0131] Therefore, it is necessary to introduce a second constraint matrix to impose additional constraints on the iterative algorithm to ensure that the iterative process always moves in the right direction, thereby improving the accuracy of the iterative calculation of the second radiation transfer equation.

[0132] In some embodiments, constructing an iterative equation for a least squares solution of the second radiation transfer equation under the second constraint matrix includes:

[0133] Step D1, constructing a simplified equation of the second radiation transfer equation:

[0134] L=F(T)

[0135] Wherein, L is the matrix of radiation brightness measurement values; T is the matrix of atmospheric temperature profiles discretized according to atmospheric height grids; F is the functional relationship formed by the second radiation transfer equation;

[0136] Step D2, constructing the second constraint matrix S of the second radiation transfer equation ap ;

[0137] S ap =T nt (T nt ) T / (t-1)

[0138] Among them, T nt is the atmospheric temperature profile sample anomaly matrix, n is the number of atmospheric profile layers, and t is the number of atmospheric temperature profile samples used in the area;

[0139] Step D3, constructing the least square solution equation of the simplified equation under the second constraint matrix:

[0140]

[0141] Among them, ‖ ‖2 is the second-order norm of the matrix; T0 is the initial guess value profile of T; λ is the regularization parameter of the least squares solution equation, L m is the radiance measurement;

[0142] Step D4, constructing an iterative equation for the least squares solution equation based on the Gauss-Newton iteration method:

[0143]

[0144] Where, the subscript n represents the nth iteration; the superscript T represents the matrix transpose; T n is the atmospheric temperature profile generated by the nth iteration calculation; K n is the Jacobian matrix of atmospheric temperature calculated at the nth iteration; S m is the error covariance matrix; is the optimal estimate regularization matrix, S ap The inverse of a matrix.

[0145] In this embodiment, the regularization parameter changes during each iteration to achieve the best effect of suppressing noise and suppressing regularization error. Since the optimal estimation regularization matrix is ​​introduced in this embodiment, the iteration direction of the solution can be constrained by maintaining the balance between the equation solution norm and the residual norm, thereby avoiding the reliance of the iterative algorithm on the high-precision initial guess profile. That is, during the iterative calculation, even if the given initial guess profile is very different from the true temperature profile, it does not affect the calculation accuracy of the iterative calculation result.

[0146] It should be noted that the initial guess profile can be selected from the US standard atmospheric profile; the error covariance matrix S m It is generally considered to be channel independent, that is, the matrix is ​​a diagonal matrix, and the matrix elements are the sum of the radiation transfer calculation model error and the spectral measurement error.

[0147] It should also be noted that, since the atmospheric temperature changes dramatically with altitude in the infrared spectrum data obtained by looking up from the ground, in this embodiment, the optimal estimation regularization matrix is ​​selected, which can better constrain the direction of the iterative calculation, accelerate the convergence of the iterative equation, and shorten the calculation time. Of course, the selection of the optimal estimation regularization matrix is ​​only a preferred method, and the user can also select other regularization matrices, which are not specifically limited in this application.

[0148] It should also be noted that, with respect to step A1 and step C1, in some embodiments, the infrared spectrum data is measurement data corresponding to a preset spectrum channel combination of the 15 μm spectrum band of carbon dioxide.

[0149] This is because the 15μm band of carbon dioxide has a significant absorption effect, thus having a significant response to changes in atmospheric temperature, and the volume mixing ratio of carbon dioxide can be used as a constant suppression parameter, so the atmospheric temperature profile inverted using the infrared spectrum data measured by the 15μm band of carbon dioxide has a higher accuracy. Of course, this embodiment only provides a preferred method, and users can also choose other gases or other bands, which are not specifically limited in this application.

[0150] Generally speaking, high-resolution spectrometers often have hundreds of spectral channels at the 15μm spectral band of carbon dioxide. Taking into account the influence of factors such as measurement noise, using all spectral channel data may not necessarily achieve the best inversion effect. This is because the more spectral channels selected, the more measurement errors introduced. Therefore, in some embodiments, a spectral channel combination can be preset, and the preset spectral channel combination is the optimal combination, for example, it can contain 80% of the total information capacity. In this way, not only the accuracy of the inverted atmospheric temperature profile can be guaranteed, but also the data processing and inversion time can be reduced. It should be noted that containing 80% of the total information capacity is a pre-selection method, and the user can choose channels containing more or less information capacity.

[0151] In some embodiments, the preset spectral channel combination is determined by:

[0152] The information capacity theory is used to evaluate the total information capacity of the 15μm band of carbon dioxide in infrared spectroscopy measurement.

[0153] The spectral channels that can maximize the information increment are selected one by one by using the step-by-step iteration method of the spectral channel information increment until the information capacity contained in the selected spectral channel combination reaches the preset information capacity; the calculation formula of the step-by-step iteration method of the spectral channel information increment is:

[0154]

[0155] h i =(k′ i ) T ,

[0156] Among them, δH i To increase the information capacity by adding a spectral channel based on the first i-1 spectral channels, the step-by-step iteration is to evaluate the information capacity added by each channel in the existing channels and select the channel corresponding to the maximum value as the i-th channel; k′ is the normalized Jacobian matrix, k′ i is the i-th spectral channel element of k′, S m is the error covariance matrix, K is the complete Jacobian matrix, and S m To standardize;

[0157] The selected spectral channel combination is used as a preset spectral channel combination.

[0158] Experiments show that selecting about 100 spectral channels at the 15μm spectral band of carbon dioxide can meet the information capacity requirements and the inversion accuracy is optimal.

[0159] It should also be noted that in order to ensure the accuracy of temperature inversion, the optimal spectral channel combination needs to be determined separately for space-based testing and ground-based testing, and the optimal spectral channels for the two may be different.

[0160] In some embodiments, the regularization parameter λ is determined based on the L-Curve curvature selection method. This is because different data pairs of solution norms and spectral residual norms will be generated under different regularization parameter selections. Due to the mutual restraint effect, the curve formed by the solution norm and the spectral residual norm as coordinates is L-shaped, and the regularization parameter at the L inflection point is taken as the optimal regularization parameter for balancing the two errors.

[0161] In addition, for step A4 and step C4, the conditions for judging the convergence of the iterative equation are:

[0162] (T n -T n+1 ) T X -1 (T n -T n+1 )<N

[0163] in, N is the number of atmospheric layers used in the inversion.

[0164] Then, for step 102, the height cutoff value and the required maximum height value are determined.

[0165] As mentioned above, the temperature value of the space-based atmospheric temperature profile inverted using the space-based downward measurement data is not accurate near the ground, while the temperature value of the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile inverted using the ground-based field measurement data has a higher accuracy near the ground, and the accuracy of the temperature value far from the ground is poor. Therefore, it is necessary to determine a height segmentation value to segment the two atmospheric temperature profiles in the height direction. When determining the height segmentation value, the obtained space-based atmospheric temperature profile and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile can be compared with the standard atmospheric temperature profile respectively to determine in which height range the atmospheric temperature profile deviates significantly from the standard atmospheric temperature profile, and then determine the height as the height segmentation value. For example, if the space-based atmospheric temperature profile below 3km and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile above 3km deviate significantly from the standard atmospheric temperature profile, then 3km can be determined as the height segmentation value.

[0166] The required maximum altitude value can be determined according to the actual needs of the user. For example, when the user needs an atmospheric temperature profile within the range of 0 to 25 km, the maximum altitude value can be determined as 25 km. It should be noted that since the infrared radiation brightness contributed by the atmosphere above 25 km can be ignored, the accuracy of the space-based atmospheric temperature profile will be slightly reduced when the altitude is greater than 25 km.

[0167] Next, for step 104, the first height range is segmented according to the height segmentation value and the highest height value to obtain a third height range; two endpoints of the third height range are the height segmentation value and the highest height value respectively.

[0168] The explanation is given in combination with step 100 and step 102. For example, the first altitude range is 0 to 30 km, the altitude segmentation value is 3 km, and the highest altitude value is 25 km. Then, the third altitude range is 3 to 25 km.

[0169] Next, for step 106, the second height range is segmented according to the height segmentation value to obtain a fourth height range; two endpoints of the fourth height range are 0 and the height segmentation value respectively;

[0170] The same explanation is given in combination with step 100 and step 102. For example, if the second altitude range is 0 to 5 km and the altitude segmentation value is 3 km, then the third altitude range is 0 to 3 km.

[0171] It is understandable that the value range of steps 100 to 106 only provides a preferred combination, and the present application is not limited thereto. The user can define the height range according to actual needs.

[0172] Finally, for step 108, the space-based atmospheric temperature profile of the third altitude range and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile of the fourth altitude range are combined to obtain a determined atmospheric temperature profile.

[0173] Of course, before combining the space-based atmospheric temperature profile of the third altitude range and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile of the fourth altitude range, it also includes: determining whether the altitude resolutions of the space-based atmospheric temperature profile and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile are the same; if not, converting the altitude resolutions of the space-based atmospheric temperature profile and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile to the same altitude resolution.

[0174] For example, if the height resolution of the space-based atmospheric temperature profile at 3-25 km is 1 km, and the height resolution of the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile at 0-3 km is 0.2 km, then the height resolutions of the two temperature profiles can be unified to 1 km or 0.5 km, and then the profiles can be combined to ensure the accuracy of the combination. It should be noted that the height resolution of 1 km means that a temperature value is determined every 1 km. The smaller the height interval, the higher the height resolution, and the more accurate the inverted atmospheric temperature profile, but it will increase the difficulty and time of inversion. Users can determine the height resolution as needed.

[0175] Figure 2 This is a comparison chart of the atmospheric temperature profile calculated by the method of the present application and the true atmospheric temperature profile. It can be seen from the figure that the atmospheric temperature profile inverted by the present application is in good agreement with the true atmospheric temperature profile, especially the error of the atmospheric temperature near the ground is well controlled. The absolute average deviation of the inversion result in this comparison is 0.82K, which proves that the method provided by the present application can improve the accuracy of the inverted atmospheric temperature profile.

[0176] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for determining an atmospheric temperature profile. The device embodiment can be implemented by software, or by hardware or a combination of software and hardware. From the hardware level, Figure 3 As shown, it is a hardware architecture diagram of a computing device where a device for determining an atmospheric temperature profile provided by an embodiment of the present invention is located, except Figure 3 In addition to the processor, memory, network interface, and non-volatile memory shown in the figure, the computing device in which the device is located in the embodiment may also generally include other hardware, such as a forwarding chip responsible for processing messages, etc. Taking software implementation as an example, Figure 4 As shown, as a device in a logical sense, the CPU of the computing device in which it is located reads the corresponding computer program in the non-volatile memory into the memory and runs it. This embodiment provides a device for determining an atmospheric temperature profile, including:

[0177] An acquisition module 400 is used to acquire a space-based atmospheric temperature profile and a ground-based atmospheric temperature profile in the same area and at the same time; the space-based atmospheric temperature profile corresponds to a first altitude range, and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile corresponds to a second altitude range;

[0178] A first determination module 402, used to determine a height segmentation value and a required maximum height value;

[0179] A second determination module 404 is used to segment the first height range according to the height segmentation value and the highest height value to obtain a third height range; two endpoints of the third height range are the height segmentation value and the highest height value respectively;

[0180] A third determination module 406 is used to segment the second height range according to the height segmentation value to obtain a fourth height range; two endpoints of the fourth height range are 0 and the height segmentation value respectively;

[0181] The combining module 408 is used to combine the space-based atmospheric temperature profile in the third altitude range and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile in the fourth altitude range to obtain a determined atmospheric temperature profile.

[0182] In an embodiment of the present invention, the acquisition module 400 can be used to execute step 100 in the above method embodiment, the first determination module 402 can be used to execute step 102 in the above method embodiment, the second determination module 404 can be used to execute step 104 in the above method embodiment, the third determination module 406 can be used to execute step 106 in the above method embodiment, and the combination module 408 can be used to execute step 108 in the above method embodiment.

[0183] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the acquisition module 400 acquires the space-based atmospheric temperature profile of the same area and the same time, it includes:

[0184] Obtain space-based infrared spectrum data for region and time;

[0185] Based on space-based infrared spectral data, the first radiation transfer equation is constructed;

[0186] constructing an iterative equation for a least square solution of the first radiation transfer equation under a first constraint matrix;

[0187] The converged solution of the iterative equation is solved to obtain the space-based atmospheric temperature profile of the region and time.

[0188] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first radiation transfer equation is:

[0189]

[0190] in, is the space-based infrared spectrum radiation brightness of the region and time; T s and ε are the surface temperature and surface emissivity of the region and time respectively; L B For T s The corresponding blackbody radiation brightness; τ is the atmospheric transmittance between two atmospheric height layers at the detector's line of sight; z s is the height of the ground surface; z ∞ is the height of the highest level in the first preset height range; τs is the transmittance of the entire atmosphere at the detector’s line of sight; T z is the atmospheric temperature at height z; is the spectral radiance residual;

[0191] Constructing an iterative equation for the least square solution of the first radiation transfer equation under the first constraint matrix includes:

[0192] Constructing a simplified equation of the first radiative transfer equation:

[0193] L=F(T)

[0194] Wherein, L is the matrix of radiation brightness measurement values; T is the matrix of atmospheric temperature profiles discretized according to atmospheric height grids; F is the functional relationship of the first radiation transfer equation;

[0195] Construct the first constraint matrix R of the first radiation transfer equation;

[0196] Among them, RR T =I, I is the unit matrix;

[0197] Construct the least squares solution equation of the simplified equation under the first constraint matrix:

[0198]

[0199] Among them, ‖ ‖2 is the second-order norm of the matrix; T0 is the initial guess value profile of T; λ is the regularization parameter of the least squares solution equation, L m is the radiance measurement;

[0200] Based on the Gauss-Newton iteration method, the iterative equation of the least squares solution equation is constructed:

[0201]

[0202] Where, the subscript n represents the nth iteration; the superscript T represents the matrix transpose; T n is the atmospheric temperature profile generated by the nth iteration calculation; K n is the Jacobian matrix of atmospheric temperature calculated at the nth iteration; S m is the error covariance matrix; is the zero-order regularization matrix.

[0203] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the acquisition module 400 acquires the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile of the same area and the same time, it includes:

[0204] Obtain ground-based infrared spectrum data of region and time;

[0205] Based on ground-based infrared spectral data, the second radiation transfer equation is constructed;

[0206] constructing an iterative equation of a least square solution of the second radiation transfer equation under a second constraint matrix;

[0207] The converged solution of the iterative equation is solved to obtain the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile of the region and time.

[0208] In one embodiment of the present invention, the second radiation transfer equation is:

[0209]

[0210] in, is the ground-based infrared spectrum radiation brightness of the region and time; L B is the surface temperature T s The corresponding blackbody radiation brightness; τ is the atmospheric transmittance between two atmospheric height layers at the detector's line of sight; z s is the height of the ground surface; z ∞ is the height of the highest level in the second preset height range; τ s is the transmittance of the entire atmosphere at the detector’s line of sight; T z is the atmospheric temperature at height z; is the spectral radiance residual;

[0211] Constructing the iterative equation of the least square solution of the second radiation transfer equation under the second constraint matrix includes:

[0212] Constructing the simplified equation of the second radiative transfer equation:

[0213] L=F(T)

[0214] Among them, L is the matrix composed of radiation brightness measurement values; T is the matrix composed of atmospheric temperature profiles discretized according to atmospheric height grids; F is the functional relationship composed of the second radiation transfer equation;

[0215] Construct the second constraint matrix S of the second radiation transfer equation ap ;

[0216] S ap =T nt (T nt ) T / (t-1)

[0217] Among them, T nt is the atmospheric temperature profile sample anomaly matrix, n is the number of atmospheric profile layers, and t is the number of atmospheric temperature profile samples used in the region;

[0218] Construct the least squares solution equation of the simplified equation under the second constraint matrix:

[0219]

[0220] Among them, ‖ ‖2 is the second-order norm of the matrix; T0 is the initial guess value profile of T; λ is the regularization parameter of the least squares solution equation, L m is the radiance measurement;

[0221] Based on the Gauss-Newton iteration method, the iterative equation of the least squares solution equation is constructed:

[0222]

[0223] Where, the subscript n represents the nth iteration; the superscript T represents the matrix transpose; T n is the atmospheric temperature profile generated by the nth iteration calculation; K n is the Jacobian matrix of atmospheric temperature calculated at the nth iteration; S m is the error covariance matrix; is the optimal estimate regularization matrix, S ap The inverse of a matrix.

[0224] In one embodiment of the present invention, the infrared spectrum data is measurement data corresponding to a preset spectrum channel combination of a 15 μm spectrum band of carbon dioxide;

[0225] The preset spectral channel combination is determined as follows:

[0226] The information capacity theory is used to evaluate the total information capacity of the 15μm band of carbon dioxide in infrared spectroscopy measurement.

[0227] The spectral channels that can maximize the information increment are selected one by one by using the step-by-step iteration method of the spectral channel information increment until the information capacity contained in the selected spectral channel combination reaches the preset information capacity; the calculation formula of the step-by-step iteration method of the spectral channel information increment is:

[0228]

[0229] h i =(k′ i ) T ,

[0230] Among them, δH i is the information capacity increment caused by adding a spectral channel based on the first i-1 spectral channels; k′ is the normalized Jacobian matrix, k′ i is the i-th spectral channel element of k′, S m is the error covariance matrix, K is the complete Jacobian matrix, and S m To standardize;

[0231] The selected spectral channel combination is used as a preset spectral channel combination.

[0232] In one embodiment of the present invention, the regularization parameter λ is determined based on the L-Curve curvature selection method.

[0233] In one embodiment of the present invention, before executing the combining module 408, it also includes: determining whether the height resolutions of the space-based atmospheric temperature profile and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile are the same; if not, converting the height resolutions of the space-based atmospheric temperature profile and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile to the same height resolution.

[0234] It is to be understood that the structure illustrated in the embodiment of the present invention does not constitute a specific limitation on a device for determining an atmospheric temperature profile. In other embodiments of the present invention, a device for determining an atmospheric temperature profile may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or split certain components, or arrange the components differently. The components shown in the figure may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0235] The information interaction, execution process and other contents between the modules in the above-mentioned device are based on the same concept as the embodiment of the method of the present invention. For the specific contents, please refer to the description in the embodiment of the method of the present invention, and no further description is given here.

[0236] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computing device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, a method for determining an atmospheric temperature profile in any embodiment of the present invention is implemented.

[0237] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes a method for determining an atmospheric temperature profile in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0238] Specifically, a system or device equipped with a storage medium can be provided, on which software program code that implements the functions of any of the above-mentioned embodiments is stored, and a computer (or CPU or MPU) of the system or device can be enabled to read and execute the program code stored in the storage medium.

[0239] In this case, the program code itself read from the storage medium can realize the function of any one of the above-mentioned embodiments, and thus the program code and the storage medium storing the program code constitute a part of the present invention.

[0240] The storage medium embodiments for providing the program code include a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magneto-optical disk, an optical disk (such as CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-ROM, DVD-RAM, DVD-RW, DVD+RW), a magnetic tape, a non-volatile memory card, and a ROM. Alternatively, the program code can be downloaded from a server computer by a communication network.

[0241] In addition, it should be clear that the functions of any of the above embodiments can be implemented not only by executing the program code read by the computer, but also by enabling an operating system operating on the computer to complete part or all of the actual operations based on instructions from the program code.

[0242] In addition, it can be understood that the program code read from the storage medium is written to a memory provided in an expansion board inserted into the computer or to a memory provided in an expansion module connected to the computer, and then based on the instructions of the program code, a CPU installed on the expansion board or expansion module is enabled to perform part or all of the actual operations, thereby realizing the functions of any of the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0243] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the statement "comprise a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical factors in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0244] A person of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above method embodiments can be completed by hardware related to program instructions, and the aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it executes the steps of the above method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or optical disk, etc., various media that can store program codes.

[0245] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining an atmospheric temperature profile, characterized in that: include: Acquire a space-based atmospheric temperature profile and a ground-based atmospheric temperature profile in the same area and at the same time; the space-based atmospheric temperature profile corresponds to a first altitude range, and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile corresponds to a second altitude range; Determine the height split value and the required maximum height value; The first height range is divided according to the height division value and the highest height value to obtain a third height range; two endpoints of the third height range are respectively the height division value and the highest height value; The second height range is divided according to the height division value to obtain a fourth height range; two endpoints of the fourth height range are 0 and the height division value respectively; The space-based atmospheric temperature profile of the third altitude range and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile of the fourth altitude range are combined to obtain a determined atmospheric temperature profile.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The obtaining of the space-based atmospheric temperature profile in the same area and at the same time comprises: Acquiring space-based infrared spectrum data of the area and the time; Based on the space-based infrared spectrum data, construct a first radiation transfer equation; constructing an iterative equation of a least square solution of the first radiation transfer equation under a first constraint matrix; A converged solution of the iterative equation is solved to obtain a space-based atmospheric temperature profile in the area and at the time.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The first radiation transfer equation is: in, is the space-based infrared spectrum radiation brightness of the area and the time; T s and ε are the surface temperature and surface emissivity of the region and time, respectively; L B For T s The corresponding blackbody radiation brightness; τ is the atmospheric transmittance between two atmospheric height layers at the detector's line of sight; z s is the height of the ground surface; z ∞ is the height of the highest level in the first preset height range; τ s is the transmittance of the entire atmosphere at the detector’s line of sight; T z is the atmospheric temperature at height z; is the spectral radiance residual; The iterative equation for constructing the least square solution of the first radiation transfer equation under the first constraint matrix includes: Constructing the simplified equation of the first radiative transfer equation: L=F(T) Wherein, L is a matrix composed of radiation brightness measurement values; T is a matrix composed of atmospheric temperature profiles discretized according to atmospheric height grids; F is a functional relationship composed of the first radiation transfer equation; Constructing a first constraint matrix R of the first radiation transfer equation; Among them, RR T =I, I is the unit matrix; Construct the least square solution equation of the simplified equation under the first constraint matrix: Among them, ‖‖2 is the second-order norm of the matrix; T0 is the initial guess value profile of T; λ is the regularization parameter of the least squares solution equation, L m is the radiance measurement; Based on the Gauss-Newton iteration method, the iterative equation of the least square solution equation is constructed: Where, the subscript n represents the nth iteration; the superscript T represents the matrix transpose; T n is the atmospheric temperature profile generated by the nth iteration calculation; K n is the Jacobian matrix of atmospheric temperature calculated at the nth iteration; S m is the error covariance matrix; is the zero-order regularization matrix.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The obtaining of the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile in the same area and at the same time comprises: Acquiring ground-based infrared spectrum data of the area and the time; Based on the ground-based infrared spectrum data, construct a second radiation transfer equation; constructing an iterative equation of a least square solution of the second radiation transfer equation under a second constraint matrix; A convergent solution of the iterative equation is solved to obtain a ground-based atmospheric temperature profile in the area and at the time.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The second radiation transfer equation is: in, is the ground-based infrared spectrum radiation brightness of the area and the time; L B is the surface temperature T s The corresponding blackbody radiation brightness; τ is the atmospheric transmittance between two atmospheric height layers at the detector's line of sight; z s is the height of the ground surface; z ∞ is the height of the highest level in the second preset height range; τ s is the transmittance of the entire atmosphere at the detector’s line of sight; T z is the atmospheric temperature at height z; is the spectral radiance residual; The iterative equation for constructing the least square solution of the second radiation transfer equation under the second constraint matrix includes: Constructing the simplified equation of the second radiation transfer equation: L=F(T) Wherein, L is a matrix composed of radiation brightness measurement values; T is a matrix composed of atmospheric temperature profiles discretized according to atmospheric height grids; F is a functional relationship composed of the second radiation transfer equation; Construct the second constraint matrix S of the second radiation transfer equation ap ; S ap =T nt (T nt ) T / (t-1) Among them, T nt is the atmospheric temperature profile sample anomaly matrix, n is the number of atmospheric profile layers, and t is the number of atmospheric temperature profile samples used in the region; Construct the least square solution equation of the simplified equation under the second constraint matrix: Among them, ‖‖2 is the second-order norm of the matrix; T0 is the initial guess value profile of T; λ is the regularization parameter of the least squares solution equation, L m is the radiance measurement; Based on the Gauss-Newton iteration method, the iterative equation of the least square solution equation is constructed: Where, the subscript n represents the nth iteration; the superscript T represents the matrix transpose; T n is the atmospheric temperature profile generated by the nth iteration calculation; K n is the Jacobian matrix of atmospheric temperature calculated at the nth iteration; S m is the error covariance matrix; is the optimal estimate regularization matrix, S ap The inverse of a matrix.

6. The method according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that: The infrared spectrum data is the measurement data corresponding to the preset spectrum channel combination of the 15 μm spectrum band of carbon dioxide; The preset spectral channel combination is determined in the following manner: The information capacity theory is used to evaluate the total information capacity of the 15μm band of carbon dioxide in infrared spectroscopy measurement. The spectral channels that can maximize the information increment are selected one by one by using the step-by-step iteration method of the spectral channel information increment, until the information capacity contained in the selected spectral channel combination reaches the preset information capacity; the calculation formula of the step-by-step iteration method of the spectral channel information increment is: h i =(k′ i ) T , Among them, δH i is the information capacity increment caused by adding a spectral channel based on the first i-1 spectral channels; k′ is the normalized Jacobian matrix, k′ i is the i-th spectral channel element of k′, S m is the error covariance matrix, K is the complete Jacobian matrix, and S m To standardize; The selected spectral channel combination is used as a preset spectral channel combination.

7. The method according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that: The regularization parameter λ is determined based on the L-Curve curvature selection method.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that Before combining the space-based atmospheric temperature profile of the third altitude range and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile of the fourth altitude range, it also includes: determining whether the altitude resolutions of the space-based atmospheric temperature profile and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile are the same; if they are not the same, converting the altitude resolutions of the space-based atmospheric temperature profile and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile to the same altitude resolution.

9. A device for determining an atmospheric temperature profile, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module, used to acquire a space-based atmospheric temperature profile and a ground-based atmospheric temperature profile in the same area and at the same time; the space-based atmospheric temperature profile corresponds to a first altitude range, and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile corresponds to a second altitude range; A first determination module, used to determine a height segmentation value and a required maximum height value; A second determining module is used to divide the first height range according to the height segmentation value and the highest height value to obtain a third height range; two endpoints of the third height range are respectively the height segmentation value and the highest height value; A third determining module is used to divide the second height range according to the height segmentation value to obtain a fourth height range; two endpoints of the fourth height range are 0 and the height segmentation value respectively; The combination module is used to combine the space-based atmospheric temperature profile of the third altitude range and the ground-based atmospheric temperature profile of the fourth altitude range to obtain a determined atmospheric temperature profile.

10. A computing device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

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