An underwater hydraulic cylinder anti-oil spill and waterproof structure and method

Abstract

The present invention provides an underwater hydraulic oil cylinder anti-oil spill and waterproof structure and method, which comprises a hydraulic oil cylinder, which is fixedly mounted on a water retaining door body, and an anti-oil spill and waterproof end cover for preventing oil spill and water leakage is mounted on the top of the hydraulic oil cylinder, and the anti-oil spill and waterproof end cover is connected to an oil and water monitoring alarm device. This structure can prevent environmental pollution of hydraulic oil and emulsification of water inflow caused by damage to the V-shaped seal of the underwater hydraulic oil cylinder, can quickly and conveniently monitor and check the hydraulic oil leakage and water inflow of the underwater hydraulic oil cylinder, and can assist in determining the leakage position of the underwater hydraulic oil cylinder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an underwater hydraulic oil cylinder anti-oil overflow and waterproof structure and method, belonging to the field of underwater hydraulic oil cylinders. Background Art

[0002] Hydraulic cylinders working underwater will often extend or retract their piston rods, which will cause wear and tear on the V-shaped seals at the end covers of the hydraulic cylinders. This will cause the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinders to flow out to the surrounding waters, causing environmental pollution and other problems. It will also cause water from the surrounding waters to enter the hydraulic cylinders, causing emulsification of the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinders, which will seriously affect the equipment reliability of the hydraulic cylinders. Due to the special working environment of hydraulic cylinders working underwater, it is very inconvenient to monitor problems such as oil leakage that pollutes the environment and emulsification of hydraulic oil. Inspection and confirmation of these problems also require additional large-scale construction such as draining the water area or dismantling and lifting the hydraulic cylinders for inspection, which will seriously affect the normal operation of the underwater cylinders. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an underwater hydraulic cylinder anti-oil overflow and waterproof structure and method, which can prevent the hydraulic oil environmental pollution and water emulsification caused by the damage of the V-shaped seal of the underwater hydraulic cylinder, can quickly and conveniently monitor and check the hydraulic oil leakage and water inflow of the underwater hydraulic cylinder, and can also assist in determining the leakage location of the underwater hydraulic cylinder.

[0004] In order to realize the above-mentioned technical features, the object of the present invention is achieved as follows: an underwater hydraulic cylinder anti-oil overflow and waterproof structure, which includes a hydraulic cylinder, which is fixedly mounted on a water retaining gate body, and an anti-oil overflow and waterproof end cover for preventing oil overflow and water leakage is installed on the top of the hydraulic cylinder, and the anti-oil overflow and waterproof end cover is connected to the oil and water monitoring alarm device.

[0005] The hydraulic cylinder includes a cylinder body, an upper end cover is installed in the lower cavity of the cylinder body, a lower end cover is installed in the upper cavity of the cylinder body, a piston is installed inside the cylinder body, a piston rod is fixed on the piston, the piston cooperates with the internal cavity of the cylinder body, the piston rod cooperates with the lower end cover, both sides of the lower end cover are rotatably supported on the bearing support through support pins, and the bearing support is fixed on the inner wall of the water retaining door body.

[0006] The water retaining door body comprises supporting ribs arranged in parallel, a sealing bottom plate is fixed to the bottom end of the supporting ribs, and the supporting ribs and the sealing bottom plate together form a water area and a water-free area.

[0007] The anti-oil-overflow and waterproof end cover comprises a forward sealing end cover of the oil cylinder, on which a liquid collecting groove and a plurality of through holes are arranged, wherein a cylinder stroke detection sensor is installed in one of the through holes, and a hydraulic hose is installed in another through hole, a reverse sealing gland is installed on the upper end of the forward sealing end cover of the oil cylinder, a reverse sealing end cover is installed on the upper end of the reverse sealing gland, a pressure plate is installed on the upper end of the reverse sealing end cover, and the anti-oil-overflow and waterproof end cover is fixed on the hydraulic cylinder by bolts.

[0008] The oil-water monitoring alarm device includes an oil-water collecting pipeline, an oil-water collecting box is placed below the oil-water collecting pipeline, a liquid level monitoring tube is installed on the side of the oil-water collecting box, and a liquid level detection device is installed on the upper end of the liquid level monitoring tube. The liquid level detection device transmits the internal liquid level detection switch signal to the control station via a cable.

[0009] The method for preventing oil spill and waterproofing of the underwater hydraulic cylinder by the anti-oil spill and waterproofing structure of the hydraulic cylinder comprises the following steps:

[0010] Step 1: The hydraulic cylinder working underwater is in a normal state. When the piston and the piston rod perform the retraction action, the cylinder stroke detection sensor transmits the hydraulic cylinder's action position signal to the control station through the cable. The pressure in the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is in a high-pressure state. The pressure in the inner chamber of the cylinder's positive sealing end cover is always zero. The V-shaped seal in the lower end cover pressed by the cylinder's positive sealing end cover is in a normal working state to prevent the oil in the hydraulic cylinder from leaking out. The pressure in the inner chamber of the cylinder's positive sealing end cover is always zero, which is less than the water pressure in the environment surrounding the hydraulic cylinder. The V-shaped seal in the reverse sealing end cover is also in a normal working state to prevent water in the environment surrounding the hydraulic cylinder from entering the anti-oil spill and waterproof end cover.

[0011] Step 2: The hydraulic cylinder working underwater is in a normal state. When the piston and the piston rod perform the extension action, the cylinder stroke detection sensor transmits the hydraulic cylinder's action position signal to the control station through the cable. The pressure in the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is in a low-pressure state, and the pressure in the inner chamber of the cylinder's positive sealing end cover is always zero. The V-shaped seal in the lower end cover pressed by the cylinder's positive sealing end cover is in a normal working state to prevent the oil in the hydraulic cylinder from leaking out; the pressure in the inner chamber of the cylinder's positive sealing end cover is always zero, which is less than the water pressure in the environment surrounding the hydraulic cylinder. The V-shaped seal in the reverse sealing end cover is also in a normal working state to prevent water in the environment surrounding the hydraulic cylinder from entering the anti-oil spill and waterproof end cover;

[0012] Step 3: The hydraulic cylinder working underwater is in an abnormal state, the V-shaped seal in the lower end cover is damaged, and the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder flows out through the lower end cover to the liquid collecting tank of the cylinder forward sealing end cover; the pressure in the inner cavity of the cylinder forward sealing end cover is always zero, which is less than the water pressure in the environment around the hydraulic cylinder. At this time, the V-shaped seal in the reverse sealing end cover is in a normal working state, and the hydraulic oil flowing into the liquid collecting tank in the forward sealing end cover of the cylinder is blocked from flowing out to the surrounding waters. The hydraulic oil flows into the oil-water collecting tank through the hydraulic hose with zero pressure and the oil-water collecting pipeline. The oil leakage of the hydraulic cylinder caused by the damage of the V-shaped seal in the lower end cover can be observed under any conditions through the liquid level monitoring tube, and at the same time, the liquid level detection device detects and alarms the oil leakage of the hydraulic cylinder;

[0013] Step 4: The hydraulic cylinder working underwater is in normal condition, the V-shaped seal in the reverse sealing end cover is damaged, and the water in the environmental water area flows into the collecting tank in the reverse sealing end cover through the pressure plate, the reverse sealing end cover, and the reverse sealing pressure cover in turn; the pressure in the inner cavity of the cylinder forward sealing end cover is always zero, which is less than the pressure in the upper cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, and the V-shaped seal in the lower end cover compressed by the forward sealing end cover of the cylinder is in normal working condition. The water flowing into the collecting tank in the forward sealing end cover of the cylinder is blocked when flowing into the hydraulic cylinder, and the water flows into the oil-water collecting tank through the hydraulic hose and the oil-water collecting pipeline with zero pressure. The water ingress caused by the damage of the V-shaped seal in the reverse sealing end cover can be observed under any conditions through the liquid level monitoring tube, and the liquid level detection device detects and alarms the water ingress.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. Through the anti-oil spill and waterproof end cover, the forward sealing end cover and the reverse sealing end cover of the oil cylinder form a two-way sealing combination structure, so as to prevent the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic cylinder from flowing into the surrounding waters and prevent the surrounding water from flowing into the hydraulic cylinder.

[0016] 2. By setting a positive sealing end cover of the cylinder and connecting it to the oil and water collecting pipeline through a hydraulic hose, the inner cavity of the positive sealing end cover of the cylinder always maintains zero pressure, ensuring that the inner cavity of the positive sealing end cover of the cylinder is always smaller than the water pressure of the upper cavity of the hydraulic cylinder and the surrounding environment, ensuring that the forward V-shaped seal of the hydraulic cylinder and the reverse V-shaped seal of the reverse sealing end cover of the underwater hydraulic cylinder can be in normal working condition and have a good compression capacity under any working state, and at the same time, when the forward V-shaped seal of the hydraulic cylinder or the reverse V-shaped seal of the reverse sealing end cover is damaged, it can be ensured that the leaked hydraulic oil or the inflowing water can only flow into the oil and water collecting tank through the oil and water collecting pipeline.

[0017] 3. Through the setting of the cylinder positive sealing end cover, installed on the lower end cover of the hydraulic cylinder, an external stroke encoder for detecting the displacement of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod can be installed, and it can also be blocked and not used, which can realize the functions of cylinder sealing and stroke detection. It has a sophisticated structure, small size, easy installation, and is suitable for most hydraulic cylinders and different types of stroke detection methods.

[0018] 4. Through the oil and water monitoring alarm device, the oil and water monitoring alarm device is installed in a waterless area that is convenient for inspection and is connected to the positive sealing end cover of the underwater hydraulic cylinder through a hose. The work that previously required the water area to be drained or the hydraulic cylinder to be dismantled and lifted out to check the cause of leakage or water ingress can now be carried out intuitively, conveniently and at any time for daily monitoring. Through this daily monitoring, the performance status trend of the underwater hydraulic cylinder can also be easily judged and decided, greatly reducing the workload and time consumption of underwater hydraulic cylinder equipment inspection.

[0019] 5. Through the anti-oil overflow and waterproof end cover and the oil-water monitoring alarm device, the hydraulic oil leakage of the V-shaped seal of the lower end cover of the underwater hydraulic cylinder is monitored by the oil-water monitoring alarm device installed in the water-free area, and the static seal and V-shaped sliding seal structure of the lower end cover of the hydraulic cylinder are distinguished. Previously, the monitoring method of floating oil on the water surface could not distinguish the leakage part of the upper chamber when the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder was retracted. Now, this structure can easily determine the leakage part.

[0020] 6. The device is equipped with an oil and water monitoring alarm device, which can realize the monitoring and alarm of underwater hydraulic cylinder leakage and water ingress status, and can automatically feedback the leakage and water ingress conditions of the hydraulic cylinder. By adjusting the position of the liquid level detection switch in the liquid level detection device, the alarm value can be effectively adjusted according to the differences of various underwater hydraulic cylinder equipment, and the status of various underwater hydraulic cylinders can be accurately and sensitively grasped.

[0021] 7. The device has a sophisticated overall structure, is easy to install, has rich functions and strong practicality, and is suitable for use in underwater hydraulic cylinders of various stroke detection methods, thereby improving the environmental performance and maintenance convenience of underwater hydraulic cylinders. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the underwater hydraulic cylinder anti-oil spill and waterproof structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the hydraulic cylinder in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the oil spill prevention and waterproof end cover in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the oil spill prevention and waterproof end cover in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the oil-water monitoring alarm device and the water retaining door body in the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: hydraulic cylinder 1, oil spill prevention and waterproof end cover 2, oil and water monitoring alarm device 3, water retaining door body 4;

[0029] Cylinder body 101, upper end cover 102, lower end cover 103, piston and piston rod 104, bearing support 105;

[0030] Oil cylinder forward sealing end cover 201, oil cylinder stroke detection sensor 202, hydraulic hose 203, reverse sealing gland 204, reverse sealing end cover 205, pressing plate 206;

[0031] Oil-water collecting pipeline 301 , oil-water collecting box 302 , liquid level monitoring tube 303 , and liquid level detection device 304 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] See also Figure 1-5 , an underwater hydraulic cylinder anti-oil spill and waterproof structure, comprising a hydraulic cylinder 1, the hydraulic cylinder 1 is fixedly mounted on a water retaining door body 4, an anti-oil spill and waterproof end cap 2 for preventing oil spill and water leakage is mounted on the top of the hydraulic cylinder 1, and the anti-oil spill and waterproof end cap 2 is connected to an oil and water monitoring alarm device 3. Through the anti-oil spill and waterproof end cap 2, a bidirectional sealing combination structure is formed through the cylinder forward sealing end cap 201 and the reverse sealing end cap 205, so as to achieve the purpose of preventing the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic cylinder from flowing out of the surrounding waters and preventing the surrounding waters from flowing into the hydraulic cylinder.

[0035] Further, the hydraulic oil cylinder 1 comprises a cylinder body 101, an upper end cover 102 is installed in the lower cavity of the cylinder body 101, a lower end cover 103 is installed in the upper cavity of the cylinder body 101, a piston is installed inside the cylinder body 101, a piston rod 104 is fixed on the piston, the piston is matched with the internal cavity of the cylinder body 101, the piston rod 104 is matched with the lower end cover 103, both sides of the lower end cover 103 are rotatably supported on the bearing support 105 through the support pin, and the bearing support 105 is fixed on the inner side wall of the water retaining door body 4. By adopting the above-mentioned hydraulic oil cylinder 1, it can be applied to underwater environment, ensuring that it can play a good waterproof and oil leakage prevention effect.

[0036] Furthermore, the water retaining door body 4 includes supporting ribs 401 arranged in parallel, and a sealing bottom plate 402 is fixed to the bottom end of the supporting ribs 401 , and the supporting ribs 401 and the sealing bottom plate 402 together form a water area and a water-free area.

[0037] Furthermore, the oil spill prevention and waterproof end cover 2 includes a cylinder forward sealing end cover 201, on which a liquid collecting tank and a plurality of through holes are provided, wherein a cylinder stroke detection sensor 202 is installed in one of the through holes, and a hydraulic hose 203 is installed in another through hole, a reverse sealing gland 204 is installed at the upper end of the cylinder forward sealing end cover 201, a reverse sealing end cover 205 is installed at the upper end of the reverse sealing gland 204, a pressure plate 206 is installed at the upper end of the reverse sealing end cover 205, and the oil spill prevention and waterproof end cover 2 is fixedly mounted on the hydraulic cylinder 1 by bolts. By adopting the above-mentioned oil cylinder forward sealing end cover 201 and connecting it with the oil-water collecting pipeline 301 through the hydraulic hose 203, the inner cavity of the oil cylinder forward sealing end cover 201 always maintains zero pressure, ensuring that the inner cavity of the oil cylinder forward sealing end cover 201 is always smaller than the water pressure of the upper cavity of the hydraulic cylinder and the surrounding environment, ensuring that under any working state of the underwater hydraulic cylinder, the forward V-shaped seal of the hydraulic cylinder and the reverse V-shaped seal of the reverse sealing end cover 205 can be in normal working state and have a good compression amount. At the same time, when the forward V-shaped seal of the hydraulic cylinder or the reverse V-shaped seal of the reverse sealing end cover 205 is damaged, it can be ensured that the leaked hydraulic oil or the inflowing water can only flow into the oil-water collecting tank 302 through the oil-water collecting pipeline 301.

[0038] In addition, by adopting the cylinder positive sealing end cover 201 in the present application and installing it on the lower end cover of the hydraulic cylinder, an external stroke encoder for detecting the displacement of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod can be installed, and it can also be sealed and not used, thereby realizing the functions of cylinder sealing and stroke detection. It has a sophisticated structure, small size, and easy installation, and is suitable for most hydraulic cylinders and different types of stroke detection methods.

[0039] Furthermore, the oil-water monitoring alarm device 3 includes an oil-water collecting pipeline 301, an oil-water collecting box 302 is placed below the oil-water collecting pipeline 301, a liquid level monitoring pipe 303 is installed on the side of the oil-water collecting box 302, and a liquid level detection device 304 is installed on the upper end of the liquid level monitoring pipe 303. The liquid level detection device 304 transmits the internal liquid level detection switch signal to the control station through a cable. The oil-water monitoring alarm device 3 is used to monitor the hydraulic oil leakage of the V-shaped seal of the lower end cover of the underwater hydraulic cylinder through the oil-water monitoring alarm device installed in the waterless area, and the static seal and V-shaped sliding seal structure of the lower end cover of the hydraulic cylinder are distinguished. Previously, the monitoring method of floating oil on the water surface could not distinguish the leakage part of the upper chamber when the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder was retracted. Now, this structure can conveniently determine the leakage part.

[0040] Preferably, by installing the oil and water monitoring alarm device in a waterless area that is convenient for patrol inspection, and connecting it to the positive sealing end cover of the underwater hydraulic cylinder through a hose, compared with the previous work that required draining the water area or dismantling and lifting the hydraulic cylinder to check the cause of leakage or water ingress, daily monitoring can now be performed intuitively, conveniently and at any time. Through this daily monitoring, the performance status trend of the underwater hydraulic cylinder can also be easily judged and decided, greatly reducing the workload and time consumption of underwater hydraulic cylinder equipment inspection.

[0041] Moreover, by setting up an oil and water monitoring alarm device, the monitoring and alarm of underwater hydraulic cylinder leakage and water ingress can be realized, and the leakage and water ingress conditions of the hydraulic cylinder can be automatically fed back. By adjusting the position of the liquid level detection switch in the liquid level detection device, the alarm value can be effectively adjusted according to the differences of various underwater hydraulic cylinder equipment, and the status of various underwater hydraulic cylinders can be grasped accurately and sensitively.

[0042] Embodiment 2:

[0043] The method for preventing oil spill and waterproofing of the underwater hydraulic cylinder by the anti-oil spill and waterproofing structure of the hydraulic cylinder comprises the following steps:

[0044] Step 1: The hydraulic cylinder 1 working underwater is in a normal state. When the piston and the piston rod 104 perform the retraction action, the cylinder stroke detection sensor 202 transmits the action position signal of the hydraulic cylinder 1 to the control station through the cable. The upper chamber pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is in a high pressure state, and the inner chamber pressure of the cylinder forward sealing end cover 201 is always zero. The V-shaped seal in the lower end cover 103 pressed by the cylinder forward sealing end cover 201 is in a normal working state to prevent the oil in the hydraulic cylinder 1 from leaking out; the inner chamber pressure of the cylinder forward sealing end cover 201 is always zero, which is less than the water pressure in the surrounding environment of the hydraulic cylinder 1, and the V-shaped seal in the reverse sealing end cover 205 is also in a normal working state to prevent the water in the surrounding environment of the hydraulic cylinder 1 from entering the anti-oil spill and waterproof end cover 2;

[0045] Step 2: The hydraulic cylinder 1 working underwater is in a normal state. When the piston and the piston rod 104 perform the extension action, the cylinder stroke detection sensor 202 transmits the action position signal of the hydraulic cylinder 1 to the control station through the cable. The pressure in the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is in a low-pressure state, and the pressure in the inner chamber of the cylinder forward sealing end cover 201 is always zero. The V-shaped seal in the lower end cover 103 pressed by the cylinder forward sealing end cover 201 is in a normal working state to prevent the oil in the hydraulic cylinder 1 from leaking out; the pressure in the inner chamber of the cylinder forward sealing end cover 201 is always zero, which is less than the water pressure in the surrounding environment of the hydraulic cylinder 1, and the V-shaped seal in the reverse sealing end cover 205 is also in a normal working state to prevent the water in the surrounding environment of the hydraulic cylinder 1 from entering the anti-oil spill and waterproof end cover 2;

[0046] Step 3: The hydraulic cylinder 1 working underwater is in an abnormal state, the V-shaped seal in the lower end cover 103 is damaged, and the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 1 flows out through the lower end cover 103 to the liquid collecting tank of the cylinder forward sealing end cover 201; the pressure in the inner cavity of the cylinder forward sealing end cover 201 is always zero, which is less than the water pressure in the surrounding environment of the hydraulic cylinder 1. At this time, the V-shaped seal in the reverse sealing end cover 205 is in a normal working state, and the hydraulic oil flowing into the liquid collecting tank in the cylinder forward sealing end cover 201 is blocked from flowing out to the surrounding waters. The hydraulic oil flows into the oil-water collecting tank 302 through the hydraulic hose 203 with zero pressure and the oil-water collecting pipeline 301. The oil leakage of the hydraulic cylinder 1 caused by the damage of the V-shaped seal in the lower end cover 103 can be observed under any conditions through the liquid level monitoring tube 303, and at the same time, the liquid level detection device 304 detects and alarms the oil leakage of the hydraulic cylinder 1;

[0047] Step 4: The hydraulic cylinder 1 working underwater is in a normal state, the V-shaped seal in the reverse sealing end cover 205 is damaged, and the water in the environmental water area flows into the liquid collecting tank in the reverse sealing end cover 205 through the pressure plate 206, the reverse sealing end cover 205, and the reverse sealing pressure cover 204 in turn; the pressure in the inner cavity of the cylinder forward sealing end cover 201 is always zero, which is less than the upper cavity pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 1, and the V-shaped seal in the lower end cover 103 pressed by the forward sealing end cover 201 of the cylinder is in a normal working state. The water flowing into the liquid collecting tank in the forward sealing end cover 201 of the cylinder is blocked from flowing into the hydraulic cylinder 1, and the water flows into the oil-water collecting tank 302 through the hydraulic hose 203 with zero pressure and the oil-water collecting pipeline 301. The water inflow caused by the damage of the V-shaped seal in the reverse sealing end cover 205 can be observed under any conditions through the liquid level monitoring tube 303, and the liquid level detection device 304 detects and alarms the water inflow.

Claims

1. An underwater hydraulic cylinder anti-oil spill and waterproof structure, characterized in that: It comprises a hydraulic cylinder (1), the hydraulic cylinder (1) being fixedly mounted on a water retaining door body (4), an anti-oil spill and waterproof end cover (2) being mounted on the top of the hydraulic cylinder (1) for preventing oil spill and water leakage, the anti-oil spill and waterproof end cover (2) being connected to an oil and water monitoring alarm device (3); The hydraulic cylinder (1) comprises a cylinder body (101), the lower chamber of the cylinder body (101) is provided with an upper end cover (102), the upper chamber of the cylinder body (101) is provided with a lower end cover (103), a piston is provided inside the cylinder body (101), a piston rod (104) is fixed on the piston, the piston is matched with the internal chamber of the cylinder body (101), the piston rod (104) is matched with the lower end cover (103), both sides of the lower end cover (103) are rotatably supported on a bearing support (105) via a support pin, and the bearing support (105) is fixed on the inner side wall of the water retaining door body (4); The water retaining door body (4) comprises supporting ribs (401) arranged in parallel, a sealing bottom plate (402) is fixed to the bottom end of the supporting ribs (401), and the supporting ribs (401) and the sealing bottom plate (402) together form a water area and a water-free area; The anti-oil spill and waterproof end cover (2) comprises an oil cylinder forward sealing end cover (201), the oil cylinder forward sealing end cover (201) is provided with a liquid collecting groove and a plurality of through holes, one of the through holes is installed with an oil cylinder stroke detection sensor (202), and another through hole is installed with a hydraulic hose (203), a reverse sealing gland (204) is installed on the upper end of the oil cylinder forward sealing end cover (201), a reverse sealing end cover (205) is installed on the upper end of the reverse sealing gland (204), and a pressure plate (206) is installed on the upper end of the reverse sealing end cover (205), and the anti-oil spill and waterproof end cover (2) is fixedly mounted on the hydraulic oil cylinder (1) by bolts; The oil-water monitoring alarm device (3) comprises an oil-water collecting pipeline (301), an oil-water collecting box (302) is placed below the oil-water collecting pipeline (301), a liquid level monitoring tube (303) is installed on the side of the oil-water collecting box (302), and a liquid level detection device (304) is installed on the upper end of the liquid level monitoring tube (303). The liquid level detection device (304) transmits an internal liquid level detection switch signal to a control station via a cable.

2. A method for preventing oil spill and waterproofing of a hydraulic cylinder using the underwater hydraulic cylinder oil spill prevention and waterproofing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: The hydraulic cylinder (1) working underwater is in a normal state. When the piston and the piston rod (104) perform a retraction action, the cylinder stroke detection sensor (202) transmits the action position signal of the hydraulic cylinder (1) to the control station through a cable. The pressure in the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder (1) is in a high pressure state. The pressure in the inner chamber of the cylinder forward sealing end cover (201) is always zero. The inner V-shaped seal of the lower end cover (103) pressed by the cylinder forward sealing end cover (201) is in a normal working state, preventing the oil in the hydraulic cylinder (1) from leaking out. The inner chamber pressure of the cylinder forward sealing end cover (201) is always zero, which is less than the water pressure in the surrounding environment of the hydraulic cylinder (1). The inner V-shaped seal of the reverse sealing end cover (205) is also in a normal working state, preventing the water in the surrounding environment of the hydraulic cylinder (1) from entering the anti-oil spill and waterproof end cover (2). Step 2: The hydraulic cylinder (1) working underwater is in a normal state. When the piston and the piston rod (104) perform an extension action, the cylinder stroke detection sensor (202) transmits the action position signal of the hydraulic cylinder (1) to the control station through a cable. The pressure in the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder (1) is in a low-pressure state. The pressure in the inner chamber of the cylinder forward sealing end cover (201) is always zero. The inner V-shaped seal of the lower end cover (103) pressed by the cylinder forward sealing end cover (201) is in a normal working state, preventing the oil in the hydraulic cylinder (1) from leaking out. The inner chamber pressure of the cylinder forward sealing end cover (201) is always zero, which is less than the water pressure in the surrounding environment of the hydraulic cylinder (1). The inner V-shaped seal of the reverse sealing end cover (205) is also in a normal working state, preventing the water in the surrounding environment of the hydraulic cylinder (1) from entering the anti-oil spill and waterproof end cover (2). Step 3: The hydraulic cylinder (1) working underwater is in an abnormal state, the V-shaped seal inside the lower end cover (103) is damaged, and the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder (1) flows out through the lower end cover (103) to the sump of the cylinder forward sealing end cover (201); the pressure in the inner cavity of the cylinder forward sealing end cover (201) is always zero, which is less than the water pressure in the environment around the hydraulic cylinder (1). At this time, the V-shaped seal inside the reverse sealing end cover (205) is in a normal working state, and the hydraulic oil flowing into the cylinder forward sealing end cover (201) is The hydraulic oil in the liquid collecting tank in the end cover (201) is blocked from flowing out to the surrounding water area, and the hydraulic oil flows into the oil-water collecting tank (302) through the hydraulic hose (203) with zero pressure and the oil-water collecting pipeline (301). The oil leakage of the hydraulic cylinder (1) caused by the damage of the V-shaped seal in the lower end cover (103) can be observed under any conditions through the liquid level monitoring tube (303), and at the same time, the liquid level detection device (304) detects the oil leakage of the hydraulic cylinder (1) and gives an alarm prompt; Step 4: The hydraulic cylinder (1) working underwater is in a normal state, the V-shaped seal in the reverse sealing end cover (205) is damaged, and the water in the surrounding water area flows into the liquid collecting tank in the reverse sealing end cover (205) through the pressure plate (206), the reverse sealing end cover (205), and the reverse sealing pressure cover (204) in sequence; the pressure in the inner cavity of the cylinder forward sealing end cover (201) is always zero, which is less than the pressure in the upper cavity of the hydraulic cylinder (1), and the V-shaped seal in the lower end cover (103) pressed by the cylinder forward sealing end cover (201) is The seal is in normal working condition, and the water flowing into the liquid collecting tank in the positive sealing end cover (201) of the oil cylinder is blocked from flowing into the hydraulic oil cylinder (1). The water flows into the oil-water collecting tank (302) through the hydraulic hose (203) with zero pressure and the oil-water collecting pipeline (301). The water inflow caused by the damage of the V-shaped seal in the reverse sealing end cover (205) can be observed under any conditions through the liquid level monitoring tube (303), and the liquid level detection device (304) detects and alarms the water inflow.

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