An ultrasonic detection and evaluation method for open defects in vacuum brazing

Abstract

The present application discloses an ultrasonic detection and evaluation method for open defects in vacuum brazing, including the steps of: preparing a standard specimen; performing ultrasonic detection on the standard specimen to obtain a C-scan image of the standard specimen, and taking the width of the welding area shown on the C-scan image as the reference brazed joint width B; performing ultrasonic detection on the part to be tested to obtain a C-scan image, and if there are edge defects, obtaining the width D of the welding area at the edge defect of the part to be tested according to the C-scan image; determining the corresponding reference brazed joint width B according to the width D of the welding area at the edge defect of the part to be tested; obtaining the corresponding brazing angle width R of the welding area at the edge defect according to the dimensional relationship between the width D of the welding area at the edge defect of the part to be tested and the corresponding reference brazed joint width B; and judging the position of the edge defect according to the size relationship between the measured depth K of the edge defect and the corresponding brazing angle width R of the welding area at the edge defect. The present application can accurately judge the relative position of the defect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of detection technology, and in particular, to an ultrasonic detection and evaluation method for open defects in vacuum brazing. Background Art

[0002] In modern aero-engine manufacturing, vacuum brazing has become an indispensable joining method. According to the process characteristics of vacuum brazing, the defects generated by it are easily detected by ultrasonic detection methods. The diffuser assembly is a typical vacuum brazed part on an aero-engine, which is brazed by an outer cover and a diffuser body. The principle of ultrasonic detection is to judge the quality of welding by monitoring the amplitude of ultrasonic echoes at the brazed part.

[0003] Based on the above principle, the brazing quality of the diffuser is detected by the immersion ultrasonic detection method and evaluated by the ultrasonic C-scan image. From the display characteristics of the ultrasonic C-scan image of this part, the welding area shown in this part not only includes the brazed joint area of the blade and the outer cover, but also includes the wetting fillet area (brazing angle) of the excess brazing filler metal, and these two parts cannot be distinguished on the C-scan image. However, in engineering applications, it is generally considered that as long as the bonding quality of the brazed joint area is good, it will not affect the service performance of the part, and defects such as lack of fusion and porosity are allowed in the wetting fillet area (brazing angle).

[0004] Due to the large diameter of this part, it is difficult to control the gap and deformation at the brazed part, and it is easy to generate Figure 1 the defects shown in the figure. Since the position of this type of defect may be in the wetting area of the excess brazing filler metal on both sides of the weld or penetrate into the weld joint, and it cannot be visually distinguished and judged from the C-scan image directly, therefore, a suitable evaluation method should be studied to accurately judge the defect position. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of this application provide an ultrasonic detection and evaluation method for open defects in vacuum brazing to solve the technical problem that the existing brazing cannot accurately judge the defect position.

[0006] The technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of this application are as follows:

[0007] An ultrasonic detection and evaluation method for open defects in vacuum brazing includes the steps of:

[0008] Preparing a test piece without excess brazing filler metal on both sides of the brazed joint as a standard specimen;

[0009] Performing ultrasonic detection on the standard specimen to obtain the C-scan image of the standard specimen, and taking the width of the welding area shown in the C-scan image as the reference brazed joint width B;

[0010] Perform ultrasonic inspection on the part to be tested to obtain a C-scan image. If there are edge defects, the width D of the welding area at the edge defect of the part to be tested is obtained based on the C-scan image.

[0011] Determine the corresponding reference brazed joint width B based on the width D of the welding area at the edge defect of the part to be tested.

[0012] Obtain the brazing angle width R of the corresponding welding area at the edge defect based on the dimensional relationship between the width D of the welding area at the edge defect of the part to be tested and the corresponding reference brazed joint width B.

[0013] Measure the depth K of the edge defect in the welding area of the part to be tested.

[0014] Judge whether the edge defect is located within the brazing angle or has extended into the brazed joint according to the size relationship between the depth K of the edge defect and the brazing angle width R of the corresponding welding area at the edge defect.

[0015] Further, prepare a test piece without excess filler metal on both sides of the brazed joint as a standard specimen, which specifically includes the steps of:

[0016] Prepare two narrow strips made of the same material as the blade body according to the width of the blade body.

[0017] Brazeweld the narrow strips onto a flat plate made of the same material and thickness as the outer cover as the standard specimen for the blade body with the corresponding width.

[0018] Further, prepare several narrow strips made of the same material as the blade body according to the width of the blade body, which specifically includes the steps of:

[0019] Divide the blade body equally along the length direction.

[0020] Prepare two narrow strips made of the same material as the blade body respectively according to the widths at the equal division points of the blade body.

[0021] Further, brazeweld the narrow strips onto a flat plate made of the same material and thickness as the outer cover as the standard specimen for the blade body with the corresponding width, which specifically includes the steps of:

[0022] Select two narrow strips with the same width corresponding to the equal division points respectively for brazing on the flat plate, and use two types of filler metals for brazing. The filler metals include amorphous filler metal and tape filler metal. After brazing is completed, grind the filler metal at the brazing angles on the left and right sides of the brazed joint on the brazing surface of the flat plate to form a standard specimen without brazing angles.

[0023] Further, perform ultrasonic inspection on the standard specimen to obtain a C-scan image of the standard specimen, and use the width of the welding area shown on the C-scan image as the reference brazed joint width B, which specifically includes the steps of:

[0024] Perform ultrasonic scanning on the standard specimen, and measure the width of the welded area of the narrow strip after brazing on the C-scan image. If the width of the welded area of the narrow strips with the same width is within the set range on the C-scan image, it is determined that the manufactured standard specimen is qualified;

[0025] Select the maximum value of the width of the welded area of the narrow strips with the same measured width as the reference brazed joint width B of the narrow strips with the same width.

[0026] Furthermore, determine the corresponding reference brazed joint width B according to the width D of the welded area at the edge defect of the part to be measured, specifically including the steps:

[0027] View the C-scan image to judge the position of the edge defect of the part to be measured in the length direction of the blade body;

[0028] If the edge defect of the part to be measured is located at the corresponding equal division position, then use the reference brazed joint width B at the corresponding equal division position of the standard specimen as the reference brazed joint width B of the edge defect of the part to be measured;

[0029] If the edge defect of the part to be measured is located between two equal division positions, then use the larger reference brazed joint width B among the respective reference brazed joint widths at the corresponding two equal division positions of the standard specimen as the reference brazed joint width B of the edge defect.

[0030] Furthermore, when measuring the depth K of the edge defect of the welded area of the part to be measured, directly measure the depth K of the edge defect on the C-scan image; if the depth K of the edge defect is less than the set value and is not convenient to directly measure, then obtain the defect depth K = D - D1 by measuring the width D of the welded area at the edge defect of the part to be measured and the width D1 of the welded area of the part to be measured after removing the edge defect.

[0031] Furthermore, when directly measuring the depth K of the edge defect, the width D of the welded area at the edge defect of the part to be measured, and the width D1 of the welded area of the part to be measured after removing the edge defect on the C-scan image, a measurement method perpendicular to the blade direction is used.

[0032] Furthermore, obtain the corresponding brazing angle width R of the welded area at the edge defect according to the dimensional relationship between the width D of the welded area at the edge defect of the part to be measured and the corresponding reference brazed joint width B, specifically including:

[0033] R = (D - B) / 2.

[0034] Furthermore, judge whether the edge defect is located within the brazing angle or has extended into the brazed joint according to the size relationship between the depth K of the edge defect and the corresponding brazing angle width R of the welded area at the edge defect, specifically including:

[0035] If K < R, it is determined that the edge defect is only within the brazing angle; conversely, it is determined that the edge defect has extended into the brazed joint.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] The present application provides an ultrasonic detection and evaluation method for vacuum brazing opening defects, including the steps of: preparing a test piece without excess brazing material on both sides of the brazed joint as a standard specimen; performing ultrasonic detection on the standard specimen to obtain a C-scan image of the standard specimen, and taking the width of the welding area shown on the C-scan image as the width B of the reference brazed joint; performing ultrasonic detection on the part to be tested to obtain a C-scan image. If there is an edge defect, the width D of the welding area at the edge defect of the part to be tested is obtained according to the C-scan image; the corresponding width B of the reference brazed joint is determined according to the width D of the welding area at the edge defect of the part to be tested; the width R of the brazing angle of the welding area corresponding to the edge defect is obtained according to the dimensional relationship between the width D of the welding area at the edge defect of the part to be tested and the corresponding width B of the reference brazed joint; measuring the depth K of the edge defect of the welding area of the part to be tested; and judging whether the edge defect is within the brazing angle or has extended into the brazed joint according to the size relationship between the depth K of the edge defect and the width R of the brazing angle of the corresponding welding area at the edge defect. Through dimensional comparison measurement and calculation of the ultrasonic C-scan image of the diffuser, the present application can accurately judge the relative position of the defect; for the opening defects of all vacuum brazed parts, through making standard specimens, measuring and calculating, the relative position of the defect can be accurately judged, thereby providing a scientific and reliable judgment basis for the quality evaluation of brazed products.

[0038] In addition to the purposes, features and advantages described above, the present application has other purposes, features and advantages. The following will refer to the drawings for a further detailed description of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The schematic embodiments and descriptions thereof of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present application. In the drawings:

[0040] Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of the ultrasonic detection and evaluation method for vacuum brazing opening defects of the preferred embodiment of the present application.

[0041] Figure 2 is a schematic welding diagram of the standard specimen of the preferred embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Figure 3 is a C-scan image obtained by ultrasonic detection of the standard specimen of the preferred embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the welding of the part to be tested in the preferred embodiment of the present application.

[0044] Figure 5 It is a C-scan image obtained from ultrasonic testing of the part to be tested in the preferred embodiment of the present application.

[0045] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the edge defect (inside the circle) in the C-scan image of the part to be tested in the preferred embodiment of the present application.

[0046] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the width D1 of the welding area after removing the edge defect in the C-scan image of the part to be tested in the preferred embodiment of the present application.

[0047] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the five-equal division of the part to be tested in the preferred embodiment of the present application.

[0048] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of five narrow strips in the standard specimen in the preferred embodiment of the present application.

[0049] Figure 10 It is the width D of the welding area at the edge defect and the width D1 of the welding area after removing the edge defect in the C-scan image of the part to be tested in the preferred embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation mode

[0050] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0051] Refer to Figure 1 , the preferred embodiment of the present application provides an ultrasonic detection and evaluation method for vacuum brazing opening defects, including the steps of:

[0052] S1. Prepare a test piece without excess filler metal on both sides of the brazed joint as a standard specimen (see Figure 2 );

[0053] S2. Perform ultrasonic testing on the standard specimen to obtain a C-scan image of the standard specimen, and take the width of the welding area shown on the C-scan image as the reference brazed joint width B (see Figure 3 );

[0054] S3. Perform ultrasonic testing on the part to be tested (see Figure 4 ) to obtain a C-scan image. If there is an edge defect, obtain the width D of the welding area at the edge defect of the part to be tested according to the C-scan image (see Figure 5 );

[0055] S4. Determine the corresponding reference brazed joint width B according to the width D of the welding area at the edge defect of the part to be tested;

[0056] S5. Obtain the corresponding brazing angle width R of the welding area at the edge defect according to the dimensional relationship between the welding area width D at the edge defect of the part to be measured and the corresponding reference brazed joint width B.

[0057] S6. Measure the depth K of the edge defect in the welding area of the part to be measured.

[0058] S7. Judge whether the edge defect is located within the brazing angle or has extended into the brazed joint according to the size relationship between the depth K of the edge defect and the corresponding brazing angle width R of the welding area at the edge defect.

[0059] This embodiment provides an ultrasonic detection and evaluation method for open defects in vacuum brazing, including the steps: S1. Prepare a test piece without excess filler metal on both sides of the brazed joint as a standard specimen; S2. Perform ultrasonic detection on the standard specimen to obtain a C-scan image of the standard specimen, and take the welding area width shown on the C-scan image as the reference brazed joint width B; S3. Perform ultrasonic detection on the part to be measured to obtain a C-scan image. If there is an edge defect, obtain the welding area width D at the edge defect of the part to be measured according to the C-scan image; S4. Determine the corresponding reference brazed joint width B according to the welding area width D at the edge defect of the part to be measured; S5. Obtain the corresponding brazing angle width R of the welding area at the edge defect according to the dimensional relationship between the welding area width D at the edge defect of the part to be measured and the corresponding reference brazed joint width B; S6. Measure the depth K of the edge defect in the welding area of the part to be measured; S7. Judge whether the edge defect is located within the brazing angle or has extended into the brazed joint according to the size relationship between the depth K of the edge defect and the corresponding brazing angle width R of the welding area at the edge defect. Through dimensional comparison measurement and calculation of the ultrasonic C-scan image of the diffuser, this embodiment can accurately judge the relative position of the defect; for all open defects of vacuum brazed parts, through making standard specimens, measurement and calculation, the relative position of the defect can be accurately judged, thereby providing a scientific and reliable judgment basis for the quality evaluation of brazed products.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, preparing a test piece without excess filler metal on both sides of the brazed joint as a standard specimen specifically includes the steps:

[0061] S11. Prepare a number of narrow strips made of the same material as the blade body according to the width of the blade body.

[0062] S12. Brazing the narrow strips on a flat plate made of the same material and the same thickness as the outer cover as the standard specimen of the blade body with the corresponding width.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, preparing a number of narrow strips made of the same material as the blade body according to the width of the blade body specifically includes the steps:

[0064] S111. Divide the blade body equally along the length direction.

[0065] S112. Prepare a number of narrow strips made of the same material as the blade body according to the width at the equal division of the blade body.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, when the blade body is equally divided along the length direction, the blade body is divided into six equal parts along the length direction, and the width of the narrow strip is the width corresponding to the six equal division points of the blade body. For details, see Table 1:

[0067] Table 1

[0068]

[0069] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the narrow strip is brazed on a flat plate made of the same material and thickness as the outer cover as a standard specimen of the blade body with the corresponding width. Specifically, it includes the steps:

[0070] S121. Select two narrow strips with the same width corresponding to the equal division points respectively for brazing on the flat plate, and use two kinds of brazing materials for brazing respectively. The brazing materials include amorphous brazing material and tape brazing material. The thickness t of the brazing material adopts the typical thickness of the two brazing materials in the current process. After brazing, by means of grinding, the brazing angle brazing materials on the left and right sides of the brazed joint are ground on the brazed surface of the flat plate to form a standard specimen without brazing angle.

[0071] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, ultrasonic testing is performed on the standard specimen to obtain a C-scan image of the standard specimen, and the width of the welding area shown on the C-scan image is used as the reference brazed joint width B. Specifically, it includes the steps:

[0072] S21. Perform ultrasonic scanning on the standard specimen, and measure the width of the welding area of the brazed narrow strip on the C-scan image (measure 3 points for each strip). If the width of the welding area of the narrow strips with the same width is within the set range value on the C-scan image, it is determined that the produced standard specimen is qualified;

[0073] S22. Select the maximum value of the welding area width of the narrow strips with the same width measured as the reference brazed joint width B of the narrow strips with the same width.

[0074] Due to the irregular shape of the blade and the unequal widths of the blade at different positions, check the design drawing. The actual widths of the blade body at 5 equal division points (see Appendix Figure 8 ) are shown in Table 1:

[0075] Table 1

[0076]

[0077] Therefore, it is possible to consider brazing narrow strips made of the same material as the blade body with widths of 1.2 mm, 1.5 mm, and 1.8 mm on a flat plate made of the same material and thickness as the outer cover (GH2132 with t2.5) as standard specimens with widths of 1.2 mm, 1.5 mm, and 1.8 mm. Using this solution, the production is simple and convenient for detection. For specific details, see Figure 9 and Table 2.

[0078] Table 2

[0079]

[0080] Perform ultrasonic scanning on the standard specimens in Table 2, and measure the widths of the narrow strips on the C-scan image (measure 3 points for each strip). The data is shown in Table 3:

[0081] Table 3

[0082] Narrow strip knitting Width of 1 dot (mm) Width of 2 dots (mm) Width of 3 dots (mm) 1 1.68 1.61 1.58 2 1.62 1.63 1.63 3 1.39 1.39 1.40 4 1.43 1.38 1.35 5 1.0 0.99 1.01 6 1.09 0.95 0.97

[0083] It can be seen from the data in Table 3 that the widths of the brazed narrow strips with the same width are approximately equal on the C-scan image, indicating that the standard test blocks made in this way are reasonable. Considering strictly, select the maximum value of the measured data as the standard B value, as shown in Table 4.

[0084] Table 4

[0085]

[0086]

[0087] In the preferred embodiment of the present application, determine the corresponding reference brazed joint width B according to the welding zone width D at the edge defect of the part to be measured, specifically including the steps:

[0088] S41. Check the C-scan image to determine the position of the edge defect of the part to be measured in the length direction of the blade body;

[0089] S42. If the edge defect of the part to be measured is located at the corresponding equal division position, then use the reference brazed joint width B at the corresponding equal division position of the standard specimen as the reference brazed joint width B for the edge defect of the part to be measured;

[0090] S43. If the edge defect of the part to be measured is located between two equal division positions, then use the larger reference brazed joint width B among the respective reference brazed joint widths at the corresponding two equal division positions of the standard specimen as the reference brazed joint width B for the edge defect.

[0091] In this embodiment, by checking the C-scan image, see Figure 6Edge defects in the white circle. Determine the position of the edge defect on the blade, and select the reference brazing joint width B according to the principle of proximity. If the defect is close to the 5 / 6 position of the blade, select B5 = 1.09 mm as the reference brazing joint width B at the defect; if the defect is in the middle of the 4 / 6 position and the 5 / 6 position of the blade, select the larger reference brazing joint width B, that is, select B4 = 1.43 mm as the reference brazing joint width B at the edge defect.

[0092] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, when measuring the depth K of the edge defect in the welding area of the part to be measured, directly measure the depth K of the edge defect on the C-scan diagram; if the depth K of the edge defect is less than the set value and it is inconvenient to directly measure, then measure the welding area width D at the edge defect of the part to be measured and the welding area width D1 of the part to be measured after removing the edge defect (see Figure 7 ) to obtain the defect depth K = D - D1.

[0093] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, when directly measuring the depth K of the edge defect on the C-scan diagram, measuring the welding area width D at the edge defect of the part to be measured, and measuring the welding area width D1 of the part to be measured after removing the edge defect, the vertical blade direction measurement method is used.

[0094] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the corresponding brazing angle width R of the welding area at the edge defect is obtained according to the dimensional relationship between the welding area width D at the edge defect of the part to be measured and the corresponding reference brazing joint width B, specifically including:

[0095] R = (D - B) / 2.

[0096] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, it is judged whether the edge defect is located within the brazing angle or has extended into the brazing joint according to the size relationship between the depth K of the edge defect and the corresponding brazing angle width R of the welding area at the edge defect, specifically including:

[0097] If K < R, it is judged that the edge defect is only within the brazing angle; otherwise, it is judged that the edge defect has extended into the brazing joint.

[0098] Embodiment

[0099] Example: The ultrasonic inspection of the diffuser assembly of a certain engine includes the following steps:

[0100] 1. Select appropriate instruments and parameters, perform immersion ultrasonic inspection on the diffuser assembly of a certain engine, and save the C-scan diagram.

[0101] 2. Check the C-scan diagram and find an edge defect (see Figure 10), determine the position of the edge defect on the blade, and select the reference brazing joint width B according to the principle of proximity. Since this edge defect is in the middle of the 4 / 6 part and the 5 / 6 part of the blade body, select the larger reference brazing joint width B (Table 4), that is, select B4 = 1.43 mm as the standard value of the blade width at the edge defect.

[0102] 3. Measure the width D = 1.69 mm of the welding area at the surface defect on the C-scan image, and pay attention to the vertical measurement.

[0103] 4. Theoretically, it is assumed that the brazing angles R on both sides are equal. Then, calculate the value of R at the defect through the following formula: R = (D - B) / 2, and the calculated result is R = 0.13 mm.

[0104] 5. Measure the depth K of the edge defect, and pay attention to the vertical measurement. If the depth K of the edge defect is small and inconvenient to measure, the width D (1.69 mm) of the welding area at the edge defect and the width D1 (1.49 mm) of the welding area after removing the edge defect can be measured. Then, the depth K of the edge defect is obtained as K = D - D1 = 0.20 mm (see Figure 10 ).

[0105] 6. If K ≥ R, it is determined that the edge defect enters the brazing joint; if K < R, the defect is in the brazing angle. Here, since the edge defect K > R, it is determined that the edge defect enters the brazing joint.

[0106] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not used to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic detection and evaluation method for open defects in vacuum brazing, characterized in that, Including the steps: Equally divide the blade body along its length direction; prepare two narrow strips made of the same material as the blade body according to the widths at each equally divided position of the blade body; respectively select two narrow strips with the same width corresponding to the equally divided points for brazing on a flat plate, and use two types of brazing materials for brazing respectively. The brazing materials include amorphous brazing materials and adhesive tape brazing materials. After brazing is completed, by means of grinding, grind the brazing angle brazing materials on the left and right sides of the brazed joint on the flat plate brazing surface to form a standard specimen without brazing angles; Perform ultrasonic testing on the standard specimen to obtain a C-scan image of the standard specimen, and take the width of the welding area shown on the C-scan image as the reference brazed joint width B; Perform ultrasonic testing on the part to be tested to obtain a C-scan image. If there are edge defects, then obtain the width D of the welding area at the edge defect of the part to be tested according to the C-scan image; View the C-scan image to judge the location of the edge defect of the part to be tested in the length direction of the blade body; if the edge defect of the part to be tested is located at the corresponding equally divided position, then take the reference brazed joint width B at the corresponding equally divided position of the standard specimen as the reference brazed joint width B of the edge defect of the part to be tested; if the edge defect of the part to be tested is located between two equally divided positions, then take the larger reference brazed joint width B among the reference brazed joint widths of the corresponding two equally divided positions of the standard specimen as the reference brazed joint width B of the edge defect; Obtain the corresponding brazing angle width R of the welding area at the edge defect according to the dimensional relationship between the width D of the welding area at the edge defect of the part to be tested and the corresponding reference brazed joint width B; Measure the depth K of the edge defect in the welding area of the part to be tested; Judge whether the edge defect is located within the brazing angle or has extended into the brazed joint according to the size relationship between the depth K of the edge defect and the corresponding brazing angle width R of the welding area at the edge defect; 2. The ultrasonic detection and evaluation method for the opening defect of vacuum brazing according to claim 1, wherein, Perform ultrasonic testing on the standard specimen to obtain a C-scan image of the standard specimen, and take the width of the welding area shown on the C-scan image as the reference brazed joint width B, specifically including the steps: Perform ultrasonic scanning on the standard specimen, and measure the width of the welding area of the brazed narrow strips on the C-scan image. If the widths of the welding areas of the narrow strips with the same width are all within the set range values on the C-scan image, then judge that the made standard specimen is qualified; Select the maximum value of the widths of the welding areas of the measured narrow strips with the same width as the reference brazed joint width B of the narrow strips with the same width; 3. The ultrasonic detection and evaluation method for the vacuum brazing opening defect according to claim 1, characterized in that, When measuring the depth K of the edge defect in the welding area of the part to be tested, directly measure the depth K of the edge defect on the C-scan image; if the depth K of the edge defect is less than the set value and is not convenient to directly measure, then obtain the defect depth K = D - D1 by measuring the width D of the welding area at the edge defect of the part to be tested and the width D1 of the welding area of the part to be tested after removing the edge defect; 4. The ultrasonic testing and evaluation method for vacuum brazing opening defects according to claim 3, characterized in that When directly measuring the depth K of the edge defect, measuring the width D of the welding area at the edge defect of the part to be tested, and measuring the width D1 of the welding area of the part to be tested after removing the edge defect on the C-scan image, a measurement method perpendicular to the blade direction is adopted.

5. The ultrasonic detection and evaluation method for vacuum brazing opening defects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The corresponding brazing angle width R of the edge defect is obtained according to the dimensional relationship between the welding zone width D at the edge defect of the part to be measured and the corresponding reference brazed joint width B, specifically including: R = (D - B) / 2.

6. The ultrasonic detection and evaluation method for vacuum brazing opening defects according to claim 1, characterized in that, It is judged whether the edge defect is located within the brazing angle or has extended into the brazed joint according to the size relationship between the depth K of the edge defect and the corresponding brazing angle width R of the edge defect, specifically including: If K < R, it is judged that the edge defect is only within the brazing angle; otherwise, it is judged that the edge defect has extended into the brazed joint.

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